1、成人英語(yǔ)三級(jí)考試詞匯與語(yǔ)法解題技巧一、概述選擇題考察詞語(yǔ)用法和語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)（Part n Vocabulary and Structure1共30題，考t時(shí)間25分鐘。題目中50%為詞和短語(yǔ)的用法，50%為語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。要求考生從每題四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳答案。詞語(yǔ)用法和語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)部分主要考核學(xué)生運(yùn)用詞匯、短語(yǔ)及語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的能力。考試范圍包括全日制文理科教學(xué)大綱中詞匯表及語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)表一至三級(jí)的主要內(nèi)容。挑錯(cuò)（Part m Identification）,共10題，考t時(shí)間10分鐘。挑錯(cuò)題由10個(gè)單句組成。每個(gè)句子含有標(biāo)著 A、B、C D的四個(gè)劃線部分，其中有一處是錯(cuò)誤的，要求考生從上個(gè)劃線部分中挑出其錯(cuò)誤的

2、部分。 挑錯(cuò)部分是詞語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法和語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)部分的延伸，目的是測(cè)試學(xué)生掌握詞匯、短語(yǔ)及語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的熟練程度，其重點(diǎn)是固定搭配和句型。二、常見(jiàn)詞匯辨析題1.She us that every would be all right.A. assured B. ensured C. insure D. secure答案： A解析：assure, ensure insure、secure都有保證”這個(gè)意思，但它們有著細(xì)微的。assure強(qiáng)調(diào)消除疑慮，題干的意思是她向我們保證會(huì)一切順利”,因此應(yīng)該用assure。ensure強(qiáng)調(diào)實(shí)實(shí)在在的保障，如"The letter ensured an interv

3、iew."暗含了有了這封信就一定可以參加面試的意思。Insure則強(qiáng)調(diào)事先準(zhǔn)備以保證。最后 secure則表示采取措施排除負(fù)面因素從而保證。2.She asked me to her at 7.A. awake B. awaken C. waken D. The three answers are all right答案： D解析：awake,形容詞，醒著的”，動(dòng)詞，喚醒、醒來(lái)”。作為動(dòng)詞，它的用法與wake（up）相似，既可是及物動(dòng)詞，如"My interest awoke when I saw the chance for profit."（看到有機(jī)會(huì)盈利我就

4、有了興趣）和"The project awoke his interest."awaken 和 waken 一樣，也可作及物和不及物動(dòng)詞，表示“喚醒 ” 和 “ 醒來(lái) ” 的意思。3 .The meeting will begin at 9:00 according to the .A. calendar B. schedule C. column D. diagram答案： B解析：四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思分別是 calendar,日歷，schedule,日程安排，column,專欄，diagram,圖解。Schedule還可以作動(dòng)詞，意思是 安排" 如"the

5、 flight is scheduled at six"。詞組on schedule意為 準(zhǔn)時(shí)地”。 此外還要掌握column 一詞也可指“ 體積 ” 。4 .He spoke so quickly; I didn't what he said.A. receive B. accept C. listen D. catch答案： D解析：catch是一個(gè)意項(xiàng)很多的詞，可以表示 抓住"捕獲"趕上車"感染"等?？捎胏atch sb. doing意為當(dāng)場(chǎng)抓住某人做某事，如："She caught me cheating on the

6、 test."。這里catch指 理解"懂得5.1 t is said that he murder.A. committed B. conducted C. executed D. emitted答案： A解析：commit,動(dòng)詞，意為 干、犯（壞事）與之相關(guān)的詞有commitment和committee ,委員會(huì)”。Conduct,動(dòng)詞， 指揮、引導(dǎo)"。如"He conducts himself quite well these days in school.他這些天在學(xué)校表 現(xiàn)不錯(cuò)。）"，"Being the only son,

7、 he had to conduct the family business after his father's death."。另外，作為動(dòng)詞它還有 傳熱、傳導(dǎo)”的意項(xiàng)。它也可以作名詞，意思是 行為、品行”。與之相關(guān)的詞有conductor,領(lǐng) 隊(duì)、樂(lè)隊(duì)指揮”、售票員、列車員“導(dǎo)'體Execute,動(dòng)詞，意為 執(zhí)行“、處死"，如"to execute a plan"。Executive形容詞，實(shí)行的”，名詞，管理人員”。Emit,動(dòng)詞，發(fā)射、發(fā)出”。6 .The door is shut and clocked.A. fast B.

8、tight C. firm D. sound答案： A解析：fast要這里是作副詞，意思是 緊緊地”。除此之外，它還可以表示 完全地"，與sound相似。Tight和firm如果換成它們的副詞形式tightly和firmly在這里也是適合的。Sound也可以作副詞，意思是 完 全地、徹底地”，如“ He's sound asleep。 ”7 .Many crops were grown on theland.A. barren B. bare C. fertile D. deserted答案： C解析：barren,形容詞，貧瘠的"，與fertile構(gòu)成反義詞。Ba

9、re,形容詞，赤裸裸的、光禿的"，如"bare feet（光腳）Deserted,由動(dòng)詞desert （拋棄、荒廢）的過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成的形容詞，意為 荒廢的”。8 .Heour doubts with a clear explanation.A. set B. settled C. fixed D. established答案： B解析：這四個(gè)詞都有 放在合適的位置”的意思，但各有強(qiáng)調(diào)之處。Set強(qiáng)調(diào)放置在確定的位置上，如"set food on the table"； settle表示放置在穩(wěn)定、安全的位置上，如"They settled gra

10、dually in their new home", 也可表示調(diào)整先前混亂的情況，本題取的就是這個(gè)意項(xiàng)；fix更強(qiáng)調(diào)永久性、穩(wěn)固性，如"fix a pole in the ground"；而establish可以表示在將某物放入位置之后加固的進(jìn)程，如"Don't remove the tree when it is established".9 .The dream of a world without war is yet to be.A. recognized B. filled C. fulfilled D. flourished

11、答案： C解析：recognize,動(dòng)詞一， 認(rèn)出、認(rèn)識(shí)到"。Fulfill,動(dòng)詞， 完成、履行"，通常搭配使用的名詞有 duty、dream、need等。Flourish,動(dòng)詞， 繁榮、興旺"，如"The business is flourishing"10 .Thewill be used to help young writers to publish their works.A. fee B. capital C. fund D. investment答案： C解析：fee,名詞，費(fèi)用”，指接受他人的服務(wù)后應(yīng)付的費(fèi)用。Capital,名

12、詞，資本"。Fund,名詞，基金、資金”，指為某項(xiàng)事業(yè)而籌集的錢。Investment,名詞，投資”，如foreign investment。11 .My salary is enough to the family.A. retain B. obtain C. maintain D. remain答案： C解析：retain,動(dòng)詞， 保持" 如"The clothing retains its color.（這衣服不掉色。）Obtain,動(dòng)詞， 得到、獲取"，如"I haven't been able to obtain that a

13、lbum anywhere. "Maintain ,動(dòng)詞， 保持、維持”，指 持續(xù)擁有，如"They maintained their friendship for over forty years."。這里 maintain 指供養(yǎng)Remain,動(dòng)詞， 保持“， 指處于某種狀態(tài)不變，如 "She remained unknown until her death."。12 .The little boy to tie his shoelaces but failed.A. hesitated B. attempted C. managed D.

14、 meant答案： B解析：hesitate,動(dòng)詞， 猶豫”。Attempt,動(dòng)詞， 試圖”，常用attempt to do,多用于表示沒(méi)有成功的嘗試，也可作名詞。 Manage,動(dòng)詞， 應(yīng)付、處理"，如"I can manage it myself.", manage to do指 做成 某事"，如"I managed to find what I was looking for."名詞 management 指管理“， manager 指經(jīng)理mean to 的意思是 意欲、打算"，如"I didn't

15、mean to imply （暗示） that you were dishonest"o13.1 didn't expect （）the examination to be so.A. slight B. minute C. tiny D. minor答案： B解析：minute,形容詞，微小的“、詳細(xì)的"，這里取其第二個(gè)意項(xiàng)。Slight,形容詞，微小的”、不重要的"。Tiny,形容詞，微小的"。Minor,形容詞，較小的、較低的、次要的"反義詞是major.14.A fact-findingwas sent to Caribbean

16、.A. parliament B. congress C. mission D. minister答案： C解析：mission,名詞， 使命、代表團(tuán)Parliament,名詞，"（英國(guó)）議會(huì)"。Congress,名詞，"（美國(guó)）國(guó)會(huì)"。Minister,名詞，部長(zhǎng)"，the Prime Minister就是 首相"。15.1 don't feel like ,I'm not in the .A. dancingmood B. dancingmode C. to dancemood D. to dancemode答案：

17、 A解析：feel like doing, 口語(yǔ)中常用的表達(dá) 想做”的方法。Mood,名詞， 情緒”，表示處于某種情緒一，用介詞 in.mode,名詞， 方式、模式"，如"You'd better choose the automatic （自動(dòng)的）mode."。16 .He was one of the computers to teach.A. pilots to use B . pilots in using C. pioneers to use D. pioneers in using答案： D解析：pioneer,名詞，先驅(qū)"，表示 在

18、某方面的先驅(qū)"用介詞in。它也可作形容詞，如"a pioneer AIDS researcher（研究者）"。Pilot,名詞，飛行員”，也可作動(dòng)詞，意為 駕駛（飛機(jī)）17 .This item （條款）of the contract （合同、協(xié)議）is problematic （有問(wèn)題的）.A. peculiar B. curious C. particular D. special答案： C解析：particular, 形容詞， 個(gè)別的“、 尤其的”，題中取其第一個(gè)意項(xiàng)，又如 "This particular sentence puzzles me.

19、 ” articUah單獨(dú)的句子 "。"This book is of no particula門mportance.”這句中 particular 則是 尤其”的意思。它的副詞是 particularlyo Peculiar,形容詞， 獨(dú)特的、古怪的“，常用 peculiar to,意為 獨(dú)屬的"，如"This style of cooking is peculiar to the south-west of the country."。名詞是 peculiarity,可數(shù)或 不可數(shù)。curious ,形容詞，好奇的"，常用be c

20、urious about:奇怪的"。名詞是curiosity .special,形容詞， 特別的"，如"This is a special case.名詞是speciality,意為 特長(zhǎng)、特別之處"，specialist指在某方面有特 別興趣或精通的人。18 .It reallyme when she stopped breathing.A. irritated B. scared C. puzzled D. touched答案： B解析：scare,動(dòng)詞，驚嚇、使害怕"。Irritate ,動(dòng)詞，激怒"。Puzzle,動(dòng)詞，使迷惑

21、”。也可作名詞，意思是 迷、迷語(yǔ)"。Touch在這里表示觸動(dòng)、感動(dòng)"。19 .There are no simple to the unemployment problem.A. methods B. ways C. solutions D. measures答案： C解析：solution,名詞，解決問(wèn)題的方法”，常用solution to.Method ,名詞，方法”；measure,名詞，措施"A B、D選項(xiàng)雖然意義符合，但沒(méi)有后直接接介賓結(jié)構(gòu)的用法。另外， measure還可作動(dòng)詞，意為 測(cè)量 ” 。20 .How can we bestour limit

22、ed resources?A. employ B. utilize C. enforce D. enlarge答案： B解析：utilize,動(dòng)詞，利用”，尤指有效利用。Employ,動(dòng)詞，雇傭"、采用"，如"to employ the new technology （技術(shù)）"。Enforce,動(dòng)詞，強(qiáng)迫”、強(qiáng)制實(shí)施"，如"to enforce the new law"。注意不要與reinforce （加強(qiáng)）混淆。 Enlarge,動(dòng)詞， 變大"，如"to enlarge a photograph&quo

23、t;o三、考試常用搭配1 .Tom askedyou, but I told him nothing.A. for B. after C. of D. /答案： B解析：ask for最常用的意項(xiàng)是是 要求”。它也可以表示 要求和某人說(shuō)話”的意思。ask after則表示 問(wèn)某人的情況、問(wèn)候”的意思。這里選ask after貼切。2 .As soon as I got , I felt sick.A. on board the ship B. on the board of the shipB. C. onto board the ship D. onto the board of the s

24、hip答案： A解析：on board是一個(gè)固定的詞組，相當(dāng)于副詞 aboard,表示在船上、車上、飛機(jī)上等",不可以拆開使用。另外，它還可以表示作為某隊(duì)或組織的成員出席或工作",如"The mew trainee was welcomed onboard.（新教練被歡迎上任。）” boar十詞可以作名詞，意為 板”、委員會(huì)”，作動(dòng)詞意為上船”等。3 .He doesn't carewhat people think of him.A. about B. of C. for D. to答案： A解析：care的意思是 關(guān)心”。常用詞組有care about

25、,關(guān)心、看得重要"；care fcor想要"。例如"Would you care for tea ?,用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句中，照料"，與take care of相近，如"She cared for the old womenfor years. " Caelj不定式，常用在禮貌的建議中，如 "Would you care to wait here ?"4 .This cakesugar, butter and flour.A. constitutes B. consists C. composes D. contai

26、ns答案： D解析：A、B、C選項(xiàng)都有 構(gòu)成”的意項(xiàng)，但用法不一樣。Constitute是動(dòng)詞，用法與form相似，如"50 states constitute the USA. consist是動(dòng)詞，常用詞組 consist of意思是 由 組成"如"This cake consists mainly of sugar, butter and flour.。另夕卜，consist in表示 由于、 存在于"，如 "The charm of Paris does not consist only in its beauty. Compose 常

27、用 be composed of, 意思是 由 IS成"，如 "The cake is composed mainly of sugar, butter and flour. 。 conta”in 的意思是“ 包含 ”，后面直接接賓語(yǔ)。5.1 looked everywhere for my bicycle but had to go home without it.A. on end B.in the end C. at the end D. by the end答案： B 解析有：on end ， “ 倒立 ” ，如 “ to standon end ：“”連續(xù)地 ”

28、，如 “ They talked for hours on end.。In the”end，“ 最后、終于”。6 .We are late, we are lost.A. however B. as a matter of fact C. nevertheless D. moreover答案： D解析：moreover ,副詞， 而且“。as a matter of fact 是固定搭配，意為 事實(shí)上"，如"As a matter of fact, I don't care.。nevertheless,副詞， 然而”。7 .The great bridge was

29、namedits designer.A. of B. with C. after D. from答案： C解析：name是動(dòng)詞， 取名"。name after意為 以命名”。8 .The trainabout three hours late.A. pulled B. pulled down C. pulled on D. pulled out答案： D解析：pull,動(dòng)詞，拖、拉”，與push（推）是一組反義詞，在門的兩邊寫的就是這兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞。pull down,拆毀、拉倒”；pull on穿上”；pull out “奉、船等）駛出”。9 .You will never guess

30、whom I on the street yesterday.A. ran over B. ran out of C. ran into D. ran up to答案： C解析：run over ,壓過(guò)、碾過(guò)"。run out of,用盡”，如 We have run out of petrol（汽油）"run into,撞見(jiàn)、偶然遇見(jiàn)run up to,徑直走到、跑到”。10.1 think I turned off the light but I'll go back and .A. be sure B. make sure C. feel sure D. be

31、 certain答案： B解析：sure,形容詞，確信”，用法較多。be sure常用于句首引導(dǎo)一個(gè)祈使句，意思是別忘了"，如"Be sure t（set the alarm clock 。make sure的意思是 檢驗(yàn)"，確保"，下面就第二個(gè)意項(xiàng)舉例："Make sureyou get here before 8. 。ce”rtain 也可表示“確信、肯定的”意思，與sure 的區(qū)別在于：可以有“ He's certain/sure to come.、 “ I'm c” ertain/sure he'll come.

32、 ，但只能是”“ It is certain that he'll come.?！?1. the birth-control policy, the growth of population has slowed down.A. Thank B. Thanking C. With thanks to D. Thanks to答案： D解析：thanks to,由于"，相當(dāng)于 because of或 due to.有時(shí)帶有諷刺的意味，如"We lost the game thanks to your stupidity愚蠢）.”12.1 wouldn't tr

33、ust that.A. him in doing B. to him in doing C. him to do D. to him to do答案： C解析：trust,動(dòng)詞， 信任、委托”，常用 trust+ obj.、trust in/to+ obj.、trust+that、trust+ obj.+ to do,如“She trusted to luck instead of studying for the test.。也可作名詞，”不可數(shù)。13.Her speech touched the issue of employee benefits.A. / B. with C. on D

34、. up答案：C解析：touch on， “涉及 ”、 “提到 ” 。14.1 tthat the mysterious visitor was an old friend of my grandmother.A. turned up B. turned off C. turned on D. turned out答案： D解析：turn up， “ 出現(xiàn) ”，如“ Did the lost ring ever turn up? .Turn of，f ”關(guān)閉 “、 ”拐彎 “，如” to turn off the highway and take the local road 。 turn o

35、n ： ”“打開 “。 turn out， ”原來(lái) “ ，表示以前不知道后來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn)是，常用 turn out to 和題中的句型，如” He turned out to be a friend.?！?5.Please give me five pounds'of this chocolate.A. worth B. worthy C. worthwhile D. value答案： A解析：worth,名詞， 價(jià)值”。也可作介詞，常用 be worth doing/be worth+ obj.worthy ,形容詞， 有價(jià)值的"，常用 worthy of +obj.,如"an effort worthy of praise。 Wo rthwhi