1、圖表作文講解2:柱狀圖和餅狀圖學(xué)生面授老師時間本次課時雅思寫作第二課時教學(xué)思路1 .作文簡介、寫作技巧2 .實例講解3 .分析總結(jié)4 .課后作業(yè)教學(xué)目標(biāo)柱狀圖、餅狀圖知識點講解根本特征和寫作方法實例分析講解重點寫作技巧講解范義學(xué)習(xí)柱狀圖和餅狀圖寫作方法備考資料劍橋IELTS4-8教學(xué)詳細(xì)內(nèi)容：一、寫作技巧詳解1 .柱狀圖特點?柱狀圖是動態(tài)圖表,切入點是描述趨勢.?柱狀圖與作注重比擬找Similarity和比照找出difference,也就是說需要橫向總結(jié)所有柱狀圖表的共性特征,也要分別描寫各個柱子的個性特征.?兩種寫作方式：其一是對不向時間段內(nèi)的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行比擬,適合于數(shù)據(jù)代表的物體較少且時間界限

2、明確的情況.另外是對單獨數(shù)據(jù)的全程描述,適合于描述數(shù)據(jù)對象很多且時間劃定不清楚的情況.2 .餅狀圖特點餅形圖與柱形圖或者線形圖所截然不問的是它沒有了橫軸與縱軸,而以餅形的分割來表示百分比,可以依照三步審題分析法來進(jìn)行觀察：?觀察共有幾張餅狀圖,以及它們之間的關(guān)系是什么一般說來,雅思圖表題中極少見到單餅圖；?觀察每張餅狀圖中有哪幾個區(qū)域,以及各個區(qū)域分別代表什么；?觀察單個餅狀圖中各區(qū)域間的百分比差異,以及相同區(qū)域在各個餅狀圖間的百分比的比較或開展.餅狀圖是所有圖表題中最好寫的一種,唯一值得注意的地方在于如何豐富百分比的表達(dá)和“占的表達(dá),要采取多樣性的表達(dá),如25%=aquarterof,50%

3、=halfof,>50%=a/themajorityof.描寫餅狀圖中的比例構(gòu)成就是餅狀圖圖表作文的重點,但也應(yīng)注意,這種描述并不是對圖形的簡單重復(fù),對各項數(shù)據(jù)比例的描述應(yīng)建立在歸納整理的根底上有條理地進(jìn)行.學(xué)生不僅要善于找數(shù)據(jù),更重要的是要善于從數(shù)據(jù)或比例中升華出來,找到規(guī)律和本質(zhì).常用詞匯、句型及模板1.柱狀圖1)倍數(shù)的表達(dá)今年的產(chǎn)量是去年產(chǎn)量的兩倍?Theoutputthisyearistwotimes(twice)morethanlastyearS.?Asmuchas不可數(shù)名詞asmanyas可數(shù)Thebooksofthissemesteraretwotimesasmanyast

4、hatoflastsemester.?AistwotimestheamountofB不可數(shù)?AistwotimesthenumberofB可數(shù)2)常用套句?TherewasinthenumberofAfromto(overnextyears),whichwasfollowedbyandthenuntil-whentherewasforthenextyears.?Fromonwards,therewasinthenumberofAwhichthenincreased/decreased-atin?In,thenumberreached(was)%,but(30)yearslatertherewa

5、s-?ThenumberofAincreasedrapidlyfromtoduringthe(fivear)period.?Inthe(threeyears)fromthrough,thepercentageofAwasslightlylarger/smallerthanthatofB.?ThegraphsshowathreefoldincreaseinthenumberofA.?HereisanupwardtrendinthenumberofA.?(year)witnessed/sawasharpriseinA.2.餅狀圖1)常用詞：percentage,proportion,makeup,

6、constitute,accountfor,takeup,.isdividedinto-parts,consumethelargest/smallestportion.2例句：?Thegraph,presentedinapiechart,showsthegeneraltrendin.?ThepercentageofAinismorethantwicethanthatofB.?ThebiggestlosswastoAarea.?ThereisnotagreatdealofdifferencebetweenAandB.?Ingeneralpositions,femalesoutnumbermale

7、s.?Amuchgreaterpercentageofmenthanwomenarefoundinmanagerialpositions.?TheprofitofcompanyAdoubledfromMaytoSeptember.3模板：?Thetwopiechartsdescribe?Thefirstpointtonoteis?Comparingthegraphs,?Thegraphsalsosuggestthat?Inconclusion,itcanbeseenfromthedatathat4餅狀圖作文模型Thetwopiechartsillustratethesignificantcha

8、ngesinpeople'swaysofcommunicationfrom1970to1995.Thefirstgraphshowsthatin1975,themostpopularwaytocommunicatewasletterwriting,withthepercentageof50%.Others,thefiguresare32%and18%respectively.Itcanbeseenfromthesecondgraphthatwaysofcommunicationchangedalotintwodecades.By1995,.Bycontrast,.Comparingth

9、etwopiecharts,wecanseethattheuseofthephonesandcomputersduringthesameperiodhadbothrisenconsiderably.However,letterwritingbecamelesspopularamongthepeople.Ingeneral,peopleinclinedtousemoremodernizedmediumstocommunicatewithothers,whilethetraditionalwaybecamelessemployed.Thepiechartdepictstheproportionof

10、.Itconsistsofsixsegments,thelargestonerepresenting,whichaccountfor26%ofthetotal.takesup21%,becomingthesecondlargest.Therestproportions,15%ofall,constituting5%and10%respectively.Fromthechartitcanbeseenclearlythat.二、實例分析ftuihiris弧崢15.1frtrrijmiiJi.fireeiattt山MbJ附皿“曲xi-lhfruiimloftulji.InttriiatuinfHY?

11、vfJrjvoy加mw哂,血t小'maddh電vAit而rftprtinf；titiwm的玷tfjttfmhwwriiwiNwMmat.WrAc.it匕我倒NumbernFmirriagesaixldiwMTPtinthrCSAT19742剛19711WC19902000'hriial訊UEcfMultAmcrka1970and2000分析思路：1 .第一幅柱狀圖的描述單位是百萬,即人數(shù)；第二幅那么是百分比.2 .第二幅柱狀圖僅顯示了1970年和2000年的信息,而第一幅柱狀圖顯示了1970、1980、1990、2000年的信息.3 .由第一幅柱狀圖可以看出,從1980年到20

12、00年,結(jié)婚人數(shù)和離婚人數(shù)的變化趨勢相似.4 .從第二幅圖可以看出,在2000年,結(jié)婚和寡居的成年人的比例有所降低而從未結(jié)婚過和離婚的比例那么有所上升.范文分析OnechartshowsthenumberofmarriagesanddivorcesintheUSAin1970,1980,1990and2000.TheotherbhowdthemaritalstatusofadultAmericansin1970and2000.首段概述圖表信息,對題目進(jìn)行改寫,注意動詞的用法和時態(tài).?描述類的常用詞有:show/describe/illustrate/demonstrate/indicate-?

13、首段概括圖表信息的時候都用一般現(xiàn)在時；?改寫題目的時候注意擴充時間地點等細(xì)節(jié).Thefirstchart(3)indicatesthatthenumberofmarriagesinAmerica(2.5million)wasthesamein1970and1980.Thissummerthenfellto2.3millionin1990andfellfurtherto2Imillionin2000.Thenumberofdivorceswas1millionin1970andoseto1|,4millionin1980.It®declinedto1.1millionin1990and

14、網(wǎng)fellslightlyto1millionin2000. Indicate的用法 保持不變的描述方式：wasthesame 上升與下降的表達(dá)方式：fall/decline(further/slightly)to,riseto70%ofadultsweremarriedin1970,butthisdeclinedto59%in2000.Thepercentageofwidowedpeoplefellfrom7%(1970)to5%(2000).Thepercentageofsinglepeoplewas15%in1970and(3)increasedto20%in2000.Thepercen

15、tageofdivorcedpeoplealsorose-from2%(1970)to8%(20C|0). 百分比的表達(dá)方式：thepercentageof 從多少降至U多少：fallfromto上升至U：increaseto 從多少增長到多少：risefromtoTosummarize,thenumberofmarriagesinAmericadeclinedbetween1970and2000,whilstthenumberofdivorcesrose,thenfell.A2)|lowerpercentageofadultAmericansweremarriedorwidowedin200

16、0thanin1970,butthepercentagesofsingleanddivorcedadultswerehigher.從哪年至ij哪年下降：declinebetweenand更低;的百分比：lowerpercentage中KHixijfeiei.fritQfy承rx/近riejrif'fi/c¥wjvrcitjr,f.Sj«fw*rfwjZ/*rinjfrtttificjnfrvfrt用werKy室rrffvrtvinfnttrojcrn,t堇皿萱T.kEkH,*lTLrd-+WH£WnlctiikjislISOMxirdh.I：而占口dcui

17、icilYh>luerJa£2K£inAu*口tdiuL'miatkldcctriuitybyAMT(jt4ilProdutlior;ITilunistijdMJLuLT1T1I'IdT.LC2n融TuLmIPTtnlwiiiE脅unkremainderwasproducedfromnaturalgas,hydropower(eachproducing20units)andCMNaluruI<j-：sjHvJtOPfUKirrNiklr；irPower分析思路1 .四個餅狀圖可以分為兩組,一組是澳大利亞,一組是法國;2 .餅狀圖由五音B分組成:c

18、oal,oil,naturalgas,hydropower,nuclearpower;3 .圖中的時間是1980年和2000年4 .單位是units范文分析ThechartsCDcomparethesourcesofelectricityinAustraliaandFranceintheyears1980and2000.Betweentheseyearselectricityproductionalmostdoubled,卜isingfrom100unitsto170inAustralia,andfrom90to180unitsinFrance.比照：compare翻番：double從多少增長

19、到多少：risefromtoIn1980Australiausedcoalasthemainelectricitysource(50units)andtheoil(whichproducedonly10units).By2000,coalhadbecomethefuelformorethan75%ofelectricityproducedandonlyhydro(continuedtob|anothersignificantsourcesupplying(Dapproximately20%.剩余的：remainder繼續(xù)的趨勢：continueto大約：approximatelyIncontr

20、ast,Franceusedcoalasasourceforonly25unitsofelectricityin1980,Whichwasmatchedbynaturalgas.|Thejemaining40unitswereproducedlargelyfromoilandnuclearpower,withhydrocontributingonly5units.Butby2000nuclearpower,WhichwasnotusedatallinAustralia,haddevelopedintothemainsource,producingalmost75%ofelectricity,at126units,whilecoalandoiltogetherproducedonly50units.Othersourceswerenolongersignificant,比照來說：incontrast定語從句用以解釋說明剩下的局部：remainingwith引導(dǎo)的介詞短語作狀語定語從句用以解釋說明開展