1、 語法（五）介詞，介詞的相關(guān)概念和用法：1，介詞的概念：介詞是一種用來表示詞與詞、詞與句之間的關(guān)系的虛詞，起“媒介”作用。2，介詞后加賓語，即名詞或代詞性質(zhì)的詞。例如：I am in school . in the morning 例如：Thanks for helping me . What about going for a walk ?3，介詞的分類： ，時間介詞；，地點介詞；，方式介詞；，目的介詞；，原因介詞； ，運動方向介詞；，比較介詞；等等等等。，介詞的分類：一、表示時間的介詞?？嫉臅r間介詞有at, in, on“在”1. at表示“在某一時間點”，或用來表示不確定的時間和短期的假

2、日、時節(jié)等。如：at six oclock, at Easter2. in表示“在某一時間段”，如用在月、季、年份、時代、世紀(jì)等。如：in July/summer/2000/ancient times/the 1999sin the morning/afternoon/evening3.on表示在特殊或具體的日子。如：on Saturday, on Saturday morning, on the morning of August 1st , on Mid-autumn Day4.注意：當(dāng)表示時間的名詞前，有this / last / next / every時，前面不需要加介詞。 【小練習(xí)

3、】：There are four seasons _ a year.What do you wear _ winter?We have no classes _ Sundays.My birthday is _ September.My birthday is _ June 18th. ( （ ） 1 Children get gifts _ Christmas and _ their birthdays.A. on; on B. at; on C. in; in D. in; on( ) 2 -There is nothing _tomorrow afternoon, is there? -

4、No. We can have a game of table tennis. A. on B. in C. out D. up( ) 3 A lot of students in our school were born_March, 1981. A. in B. at C. on D. since( ) 4 Tim suddenly returned_ a rainy night. A. on B. at C. in D. during( ) 5 My grandfather was born_Oct. 10, 1935. A. on B. in C. at D. of( ) 6 The

5、train is starting_five minutes. A. in B. at C. for D.still( ) 7 Mike does his exercises _ seven _ the evening. A. on; to B. at; in C. by; of D. at; on ( )8She will come back _ next week. A. in B. at C. on D./ ( )9They played basketball _ last night. A. in B. at C. on D./4. since, from, 和for （拔高部分）1)

6、since 指從某時一直延續(xù)至今，后接時間點，主句用完成時。如：He has lived here since 1993.2)from 說明開始的時間，謂語可用過去、現(xiàn)在、將來的某種時態(tài)。如：From now on, I will learn English in the morning.3)for 指動作延續(xù)貫穿整個過程，后接時間段，表示“持續(xù)時間”。主句用完成時。如：I have studied English for six years.5. after 與in “在之后” 1)after 與時間段連用，用于過去時。如：They finished the work after two y

7、ears.2)after 與時間點連用，用語將來時。如：Ill ring you up after two oclock. 3) in與時間段連用，指“在之內(nèi)”，表示從說話起的一段時間內(nèi)，常用將來時。如：The bus will be here in ten minutes.6. by “到以前為止” （拔高部分）“by + 時間點”表示“到以前為止”，如果by后跟一個過去的時間點應(yīng)用過去完成時。如：We had learned 1000 English words by the end of last term.7.“during +時間段” “在期間” （拔高部分）與延續(xù)性動詞連用表示某期

8、間的動作。 如：He lives with us during these years.8. until 用于否定句中，意為“直到才”，其前的謂語動詞多用瞬間性動詞；用于肯定句中，意為“直到為止”，其前的謂語動詞須用延續(xù)性動詞。如： I didnt leave until my mother came home. I waited for my mother until she came home.9. before和after 表示時間，分別意為“在之前”和“在之后”。如： Please bring your homework before ten oclock. 【小練習(xí)】：練習(xí)1：( )

9、 1 The teacher is coming back_ an hour. A. after   B. for   C. in   D. before ( ) 2 She lived in the mountain village_ the years 1940-1950. A. between   B. during   C. in   D. since ( ) 3 Miss Wang will come to Beijing_ two days. A. after&#

10、160;  B. in   C. on   D. before ( ) 4 The American Civil War lasted four years before the North won _ the end. A. by   B. at   C. in   D. on 練習(xí)2：( ) 1 Mary had finished her homework_ the time I got home. A. until   B. by   C.

11、 at   D. when ( ) 2 We stayed at the lab_ our teacher returned. A. till   B. by   C. during   D. while ( )3 They didnt leave the station_ they get on the train. A. until   B. by   C. after y   D. at 練習(xí)3：（拔高題）1（ ）Both Mary and Bett

12、y will get married this year. Mary is going to begin their honeymoon Christmas while Betty _New Years Day. A. on; on B. at; in C. at; on D. by; on 2（ ）Suffering from the terrible earthquake, the victims often awake several times _the night and sometimes they even cannot sleep _night. A. in; at B. at

13、; in C. during; in D. in; during 3（ ）He went abroad for further education _a few weeks. He will go abroad for further education _a few weeks. A. in; in B. after; after C. in; after D. after; in 4（ ）No hurry! The train will be here _a few minutes. No hurry! The train will be here _twelve oclock. No h

14、urry! The train will be here _lunch. A. after; in; at B. in; after; after C. after; in; after D. in; after; in 5（ ）The horrible earthquake struck Wenchuan _the afternoon when I was travelling there. A. in B. on C. during D. within6（ ） Last night Mr. Crook didnt come back at the usual time. Instead,

15、he met some friends and _out _ midnight. It was _ midnight that they reached the camp site. A. stayed; until; not until B. stayed; until; until C. didnt stay; until; until D. didnt stay; until; not until 練習(xí)4：( ) 1 Children wake up very early_the morning of Christmas Day. A. in   B. on 

16、;  C. for   D. at ( ) 2 _ a cold winter morning, I met her in the stfeet. A. In   B. On   C. At   D. For ( ) 3 It happened to be very cold_ the morning of our sports meet. A. at   B. on   C. with   D. of ( ) 4 Why did you get

17、 up so early _ this morning. A. on   B. /   C. at   D. in 練習(xí)5：( ) 1 He went to Shanghai_ September 3, 1991 and came back_ a cold morning last year. A. in; on   B. on; in   C. on; on   D. in; ia ( ) 2 Lucy was born_ the night of May 12, 1984

18、. . . A. on   B. in   C. at   D. to ( ) 3 Mrs Brown came to China _ 1996. A.on   B. of   C. to,   D. in ( ) 4 _ the morning of November 20, 1915, the workers came to Chicago to show their mourning_Joe Hill. A. On; to   B. In; of .   C. On; for ,   D. At; for ( ) 5 Ann moved_Hangzhou_September, 1992. A. /; in i   B. to; in   C. to; on   D, in; in ( ) 6 The