1、Lesson 43Lesson 43over the south PoLeover the south PoLe F Four oceans in the world the Pacific Oceanthe Indian Oceanthe Arctic OceanAthe AtlanticOceanNew words and expressionsNew words and expressions pole n. pole n. （地球的）極（地球的）極 flight n. flight n. 飛行飛行 explorer n. explorer n. 探險(xiǎn)家探險(xiǎn)家 lie v. lie v.

2、 處于處于 serious adj. serious adj. 嚴(yán)重的嚴(yán)重的 point n. point n. 地點(diǎn)地點(diǎn) seem v. seem v. 似乎似乎 crash v. crash v. 墜毀墜毀 sack n. sack n. 袋子袋子 clear v. clear v. 越過(guò)越過(guò) aircraft n. aircraft n. 飛機(jī)飛機(jī) endless adj. endless adj. 無(wú)盡的無(wú)盡的 plain n. plain n. 平原平原First listen and then answer the question.聽(tīng)錄音，然后回答以下問(wèn)題。聽(tīng)錄音，然后回答以下問(wèn)

3、題。 How was the plane able to How was the plane able to clear the mountains?clear the mountains?The American explorer ordered his men to throw out two heavy food sacks so the plane rose to10000 feet.Ask and answer:1. When did the man successfully fly over the South Pole for the first time ?2.Who succ

4、essfully flew over the South pole for the first time ?3.Would the plane crash?4.How did they clear the mountain?5.Why did Byrd now know that he would be able to reach the South Pole ?6.Was there any difficulties?1.The American explorer, R. E. Byrd, successfully flew over the North Pole first time.2.

5、 Byrd and his were able to bake a lot of photographs of the mountains that lay below.3.The plane could only get over the mountains if it rose to 10,000 miles.4. After Byrd ordered his men to throw out two heavy food sacks, the plane was able to rise. In 1929, three years after his flight over the No

6、rth Pole, the American explorer, R.E. Byrd, successfully flew over the South Pole for the first time. Though, at first, Byrd and his men were able to take a great many photographs of the mountains that lay below, they soon ran into serious trouble. At one point, it seemed certain that their plane wo

7、uld crash. It could only get over the mountains if it rose to 10,000 feet. Byrd at once ordered his men to throw out two heavy food sacks. The plane was then able to rise and it cleared the mountains by 400 feet. Byrd now knew that he would be able to reach the South Pole which was 300 miles away, f

8、or there were no more mountains in sight. The aircraft was able to fly over the endless white plains without difficulty. can “can is one of the most commonly used modal verbs in English. It can be used to express ability or opportunity, to request or offer permission, and to show possibility or impo

9、ssibility.Examples: I can ride a horse. ability We can stay with my brother when we are in Paris. opportunity She cannot stay out after 10 PM. permission Can you hand me the stapler? request Any child can grow up to be president. possibility could “could is used to express possibility or past abilit

10、y as well as to make suggestions and requests. Could is also commonly used in conditional sentences as the conditional form of can. Examples: Extreme rain could cause the river to flood the city. possibility Nancy could ski like a pro by the age of 11. past ability You could see a movie or go out to

11、 dinner. suggestion Could I use your computer to email my boss? request We could go on the trip if I didnt have to work this weekend. conditional “could cannot be used in positive sentences in which you describe a momentary or one-time ability. e.g. Yesterday, I could lift the couch by myself. Not C

12、orrect can 和和be able to的區(qū)別的區(qū)別 can與與be able to 用法上的區(qū)別用法上的區(qū)別 口語(yǔ)中口語(yǔ)中, can 與與be able to在用法上既有相同的在用法上既有相同的一方面一方面, 又有不同的地方又有不同的地方,這是應(yīng)該引起注意這是應(yīng)該引起注意的。當(dāng)它們表示能力的時(shí)候，是同義的。如：的。當(dāng)它們表示能力的時(shí)候，是同義的。如： He can speak two foreign languages. He is able to speak two foreign languages. 表示過(guò)去通過(guò)努力終于做成了某事要用表示過(guò)去通過(guò)努力終于做成了某事要用be abl

13、e to，而不能用而不能用can。如：。如： I was able to swim to the bank after the boat turned over. can 和和be able to 都可以表示能力都可以表示能力.can泛指一般的能泛指一般的能力力,而且只有兩種形式而且只有兩種形式,即即:can, could be able to 則主要指具體做到了某件事的能力，其則主要指具體做到了某件事的能力，其形式主要是靠形式主要是靠be 發(fā)生變化，所以形式比發(fā)生變化，所以形式比can 多可多可以說(shuō)：以說(shuō)： I can swim. I am able to swim. 但是不能說(shuō)：但是不能說(shuō)

14、： All the people could escape from the big fire in time. 只能說(shuō)：只能說(shuō)： All the people were able to escape from the fire in time. can能表猜測(cè)，能表猜測(cè)，be able to不能。不能。can的這種的這種用法主要用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句。用法主要用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句。 Somebody is knocking at the door. Who can it be? It cant be our teacher who is knocking at the door. 其肯定形式是其肯

15、定形式是must be。如。如: It must be our teacher who is knocking at the door.Sum up the language points Phrases 1.能做某事能做某事:be able to 2.飛越飛越:flight over = fly over 3.第一次第一次:for the first time 4.首先首先:at first 5.拍照拍照:take a photograph = take a picture 6.大量的大量的:a great many of 7.陷入困境陷入困境:run into trouble = get

16、into trouble 8.在某一個(gè)地方在某一個(gè)地方:at one point 9.似乎肯定似乎肯定:It seems certain that 10.丟棄丟棄:throw out 11.在視線(xiàn)中在視線(xiàn)中:in sight美國(guó)探險(xiǎn)家美國(guó)探險(xiǎn)家 R.E. R.E. 伯德在飛越北極伯德在飛越北極3 3年之后，年之后，于于19291929年第一次飛越了南極。雖然開(kāi)始時(shí)伯德年第一次飛越了南極。雖然開(kāi)始時(shí)伯德和他的助手們拍下了飛機(jī)下面連綿群山的大量和他的助手們拍下了飛機(jī)下面連綿群山的大量照片，但他們很快就陷入了困境。在有個(gè)地方，照片，但他們很快就陷入了困境。在有個(gè)地方，飛機(jī)似乎肯定要墜毀了。只有在飛至

17、飛機(jī)似乎肯定要墜毀了。只有在飛至10,00010,000英英尺的高度時(shí)，它才能飛過(guò)這些山頭。伯德馬上尺的高度時(shí)，它才能飛過(guò)這些山頭。伯德馬上命令他的助手們把兩個(gè)沉重的食物袋扔掉，于命令他的助手們把兩個(gè)沉重的食物袋扔掉，于是飛機(jī)可以上升了，它在離山頭是飛機(jī)可以上升了，它在離山頭400400英尺的高英尺的高度飛越了過(guò)去。伯德這時(shí)知道他能夠順利飛抵度飛越了過(guò)去。伯德這時(shí)知道他能夠順利飛抵300300英里以外的南極了，因?yàn)榍懊嬖贈(zèng)]有山了。英里以外的南極了，因?yàn)榍懊嬖贈(zèng)]有山了。飛機(jī)可以毫無(wú)困難地飛過(guò)這片茫茫無(wú)際的白色飛機(jī)可以毫無(wú)困難地飛過(guò)這片茫茫無(wú)際的白色原野！原野！1.美國(guó)探險(xiǎn)家美國(guó)探險(xiǎn)家 RE伯德在

18、飛越北極伯德在飛越北極3年之后，于年之后，于1929年第年第1次次飛越了南極。飛越了南極。（1）這句話(huà)包含兩個(gè)同位語(yǔ)。）這句話(huà)包含兩個(gè)同位語(yǔ)。three years after為為 1929的的同位語(yǔ)，作插入性的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明；同位語(yǔ)，作插入性的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明；REByrd 作作 the American explorer 的同位語(yǔ)。的同位語(yǔ)。（2）for the first time 表示表示“第一次第一次”，time在這里表示在這里表示“次次”、“回回”，this time, last time, next time, another time, each time, for the last tim

19、e等：等： 我最后一次提醒你，如果你不快點(diǎn)，你就會(huì)趕不上火車(chē)的。我最后一次提醒你，如果你不快點(diǎn)，你就會(huì)趕不上火車(chē)的。 I remind you for the last time that if you dont hurry, youll miss the train. 下次你見(jiàn)到他的時(shí)候，把這些照片給他。下次你見(jiàn)到他的時(shí)候，把這些照片給他。 Give him these photos next time you see him. 2. 雖然開(kāi)始時(shí)伯德和他的助手們拍下了飛機(jī)下面連綿群山的大量照雖然開(kāi)始時(shí)伯德和他的助手們拍下了飛機(jī)下面連綿群山的大量照片，但他們很快就陷入了困境。片，但他們很快就陷

20、入了困境。 （1）連詞）連詞though引導(dǎo)的是讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，其含義為引導(dǎo)的是讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，其含義為“雖然雖然”、“盡管盡管”。這個(gè)從句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。這個(gè)從句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)at first被單獨(dú)用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)了，被單獨(dú)用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)了，它如果按正常的詞序應(yīng)放在從句的末尾，但有可能會(huì)引起誤解。它如果按正常的詞序應(yīng)放在從句的末尾，但有可能會(huì)引起誤解。 （2）at first與主句中的與主句中的 soon形成時(shí)間上的照應(yīng)，表示先后次序。形成時(shí)間上的照應(yīng)，表示先后次序。 （3）take a photograph of 表示表示“拍拍的照片的照片” He took a photograph of his hous

21、e before he left home. 他離家前給他家的房子拍了一張照片。他離家前給他家的房子拍了一張照片。 （4）that lay below為為 the mountains的定語(yǔ)從句，的定語(yǔ)從句，that為從句的為從句的主語(yǔ)。主語(yǔ)。 （5）run into trouble的含義與的含義與 get into trouble相似，表示相似，表示“陷入陷入困境困境” Each time he ran into trouble, he asked his parents for help. 每當(dāng)他陷入困境時(shí)，他都向他父母求助。每當(dāng)他陷入困境時(shí)，他都向他父母求助。3.在有個(gè)地方，飛機(jī)似乎肯定要墜毀了。在有個(gè)地方，飛機(jī)似乎肯定要墜毀了。（1）at one point在此處可以解釋為在此處可以解釋為“在在有個(gè)地方有個(gè)地方”，但它通常的含義為，但它通常的含義為“在某一時(shí)在某一時(shí)刻刻”，point指時(shí)間上的某一點(diǎn)指時(shí)間上的