1、賞析英語(yǔ)的對(duì)稱美一、成語(yǔ)的對(duì)稱美：表現(xiàn)為成語(yǔ)排列形式上的對(duì)稱美，可分為相同詞的對(duì)稱、同詞的對(duì)稱、反義詞的對(duì)稱、同類詞的對(duì)稱等幾種情況。1、相同詞的對(duì)稱。以介詞、連詞或動(dòng)詞為"對(duì)稱軸"對(duì)稱，從視覺(jué)上就能給人以美的享受，令人愉悅；讀起來(lái)瑯瑯上口，頗具韻味；意義簡(jiǎn)潔明了，形象生動(dòng)。其中有關(guān)體態(tài)語(yǔ)言的一些對(duì)稱成語(yǔ)，確實(shí)能讓人領(lǐng)會(huì)到對(duì)稱美在英語(yǔ)中的體現(xiàn)。 例如：day by day 逐日day after day 每日one by one 逐個(gè)bit by bit 一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)地little by little 漸漸地step by step 逐步地by and by 逐漸side by

2、side 并排face (nose) to face (nose) 面對(duì)面back to back 背靠背hand in hand 手拉手arm in arm 挽手mouth to mouth嘴對(duì)嘴heart to heart 交心，談心neck and neck 并駕齊驅(qū)eye to eye 贊同head to head 交頭接耳shoulder to shoulder 并肩on and on 繼續(xù)word for word 逐詞地out and out 十足的inch by inch 一點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)地like for like 以牙還牙like attracts like 物以類聚wheels

3、within wheels 復(fù)雜的結(jié)構(gòu)diamond cut diamond 棋逢對(duì)手 2. 同詞*的對(duì)稱。以連詞and 為"對(duì)稱軸"的非完全對(duì)稱，以形容詞*詞組居多。通過(guò)兩個(gè)或多個(gè)形容詞的重疊來(lái)強(qiáng)化形容詞的特征。例如： one and only 獨(dú)一無(wú)二down and out 窮困潦倒free and easy 隨和hard and fast 不能改變的open and above board 光明磊落simple and easy 簡(jiǎn)易明了hot and bothered激動(dòng)，擔(dān)憂cheer and bright 清楚明了bright and early 一大早pur

4、e and simple 十足 3.反義詞的對(duì)稱。一對(duì)反義詞以連詞and或or為"對(duì)稱軸"，可以是名詞的對(duì)稱，也可以是副詞或動(dòng)詞的對(duì)稱。如有個(gè)活動(dòng)不論刮風(fēng)下雨都要照常進(jìn)行，在漢語(yǔ)中?quot;風(fēng)雨無(wú)阻"，在英語(yǔ)中為rain or shine ，二者可謂有異曲同工之妙。例如： up and down 往返to and fro 來(lái)來(lái)回回back and forth 前前后后far and forth 到處，遠(yuǎn)處far and near 注意事項(xiàng)dos and don'ts 執(zhí)政黨與在野黨ins and outs 復(fù)雜細(xì)節(jié),拐角道路或小徑的彎曲之處ups and

5、 downs 盛衰，浮沉on and off 或多或少more or less 遲早sooner or less 高低貴賤young and old 老老少少day and night 日日夜夜the haves and have-nots窮富early and late 早晚rain or shine 不管境遇如何，風(fēng)雨無(wú)阻 right or wrong 不管對(duì)錯(cuò)hit or miss 不論成功與否 4.同類詞的對(duì)稱。同類別或相關(guān)的一對(duì)名詞以為and"對(duì)稱軸"，表示同一概念，有的為本義，有的是寓義。比方說(shuō)美國(guó)人吃水果時(shí)喜歡把水果切成塊，然后加上一點(diǎn)奶油一起吃，所以在英語(yǔ)中

6、peaches and cream 就意味著完美無(wú)缺。例如： flesh and blood 血肉hand and foot 手腳一起heart and soul 全心全意 tooth and nail 竭盡全力father and son 父子husband and wife 夫妻knife and fork 刀叉smoke and mirrors 用虛假消息騙人scissors and paste 拼湊成的文章，剪貼peaches and cream 完美無(wú)缺rank and fashion 上流社會(huì) 二、韻語(yǔ)的對(duì)稱美：英語(yǔ)的對(duì)稱美不僅表現(xiàn)為成語(yǔ)排列的對(duì)稱美，還表現(xiàn)為韻語(yǔ)的對(duì)稱美。韻語(yǔ)的對(duì)

7、稱分為首韻對(duì)稱和尾韻對(duì)稱兩種形式，它們以連詞and或or為"對(duì)稱軸"，構(gòu)成語(yǔ)音重疊的成語(yǔ)。 1、首韻對(duì)稱。首韻法是英語(yǔ)中的一種修飾手法，是首字母或輔音的重復(fù)，通過(guò)語(yǔ)音的重疊與的來(lái)強(qiáng)化語(yǔ)用效果。例如： fair or foul 好壞friend or foe 敵友forgive and forget 既住不咎live and learn 活到老學(xué)到老,學(xué)無(wú)止境health and wealth 健康與財(cái)富safe and sound 平安無(wú)事，安然無(wú)恙sweet and sour 酸甜，苦樂(lè)thick and thin 在任何情況下black and blue 遍體鱗傷now

8、 or never 勿失良機(jī)，機(jī)不可失then and there 當(dāng)場(chǎng)，當(dāng)時(shí)cut and carve 使精煉，改動(dòng)，亂砍bed and board 食宿，夫婦關(guān)系，家sink or swim 聽(tīng)任沉浮，不論好歹wild and woolly 粗野的，未開(kāi)化的do or die 決一死戰(zhàn)neck or nothing 鋌而走險(xiǎn)，拼命make or mar 成功或失敗part and parcel 重要的部分wreck and ruin 毀滅twists and turns 迂回曲折bread and butter 基本生活所需，生計(jì) 2. 尾韻對(duì)稱。通過(guò)押尾韻的方法使短語(yǔ)猶如詩(shī)一般悅耳動(dòng)聽(tīng)。

9、例如： near and dear 極親密的cut and thurst 肉搏戰(zhàn)by hook or by crook 千方百計(jì)fair and square 光明磊落high and dry 困境make or break 孤注一擲tear and wear 磨損gentle and simple 貴與賤dine and wine 吃喝mend or end 不改則廢here and there 四處first and last 整體看來(lái)，總的來(lái)說(shuō)odds and ends 零碎的事情，零星的東西pins and needles 發(fā)麻 三、諺語(yǔ)和俗語(yǔ)的對(duì)稱美：對(duì)仗工整，詞句，押韻，語(yǔ)言精煉，

10、表意透切的諺語(yǔ)或俗語(yǔ)更具有說(shuō)服力和感染力，可使人念念不忘，受用終生。例如： No pains no gains 不勞不獲No cross , no crown 無(wú)苦即無(wú)樂(lè)Once bit ,twice shy 一次被咬，下次膽小 First come , first served 先到的先招待Young saints , old devils 小時(shí)圣潔老邪惡Man proposes , God disposes 謀事在人，成事在天From saving comes having 富有來(lái)自節(jié)儉。So far , so good 目前為止，一切很好Like father , like son 有其

11、父，必有其子Well fed , well bred 吃得飽，懂禮貌Grasp all , lose all 貪多必失。Spare the rod , and spoil the child 不教不成材。More haste ,less speed 欲速則不達(dá)。In for a penny , in for a pound 一不做，二不休Waste not , want not 儉以防匱。A friend in need is a friend indeed .患難見(jiàn)真情。Harm set , harm get .害人反害已A lazy youth , a lousy age .少壯不努力，老大徒傷悲Least said , soonest mended .少說(shuō)為妙Light come , light go .易得則易失。A good neighbor ,a good morrow 好鄰生好景Many men ,many minds .十個(gè)人，十條心。熟得早，壞（爛）得快。No mill , no