1、第 PAGE14 頁 共 NUMPAGES14 頁精讀雅思文章的正確方法精讀絕對有用，但是大多數小“烤鴨”們不是 “精讀”，是“經讀”只把文中不認識的單詞查 【雅思閱讀提升】精讀雅思文章的正確方法 這3步缺一不可對于雅思文章的精讀主要包括三個方面：對于單詞詞義的理解，對于句子的理解，以及對于文章構造的理解。這三個方面層層深化，嚴密結合。一、理解詞義理解詞義，顧名思義即是弄清楚文中不認識的生詞的詳細含義。在第一遍看文章時，我們重點在于做題，所以都是快速閱讀，即skim加上scan。此時假設遇到生詞都是根據上下文(context)去猜想詞義。而精讀時，對于第一遍不認識的單詞要全部用字典查出意思，即

2、剛剛猜想出大概含義的詞匯，并且要整理到單詞本上去。當然對于這些生詞考生們實際上是要區(qū)別對待的。有些比擬生僻的話題詞匯只要認知就好，不需要掌握詳細用法，比方C9T1P1文章中A 段第六行有個單詞cog, 解釋為鈍齒，這個單詞詞義特殊，且在文中跟題目沒有必然聯絡，不影響做題，屬于較生僻的詞匯，看到能通過上下文推測出含義即可，不需要死記硬背。而另一些詞匯，尤其是動詞，要掌握它們的詳細用法包括搭配，以期能在自己的寫作中加以靈敏運用。例如文中E段第四行有個動詞addressed, 考生們掌握的都是這個單詞的名詞含義“地址”，雖然通過上下文不難推測出是“提出”的意思，但是該詞要怎么用那么需要結合字典包括文

3、中例句更好地理解。文中說questions that would have to be addressed by the global munity before any reply could be sent,考生寫作文時也可以借鑒一下，例如想表達某人提出觀點，就可以說someone addressed that。此外，文中經常會出現一些同義詞，考生可以將這些詞整理下來，因為同義交換是雅思閱讀考察的一個重點，通過對這些同義詞的整理，我們不僅可以知道考試?？嫉耐x交換，同時也能借鑒到自己的寫作當中去，畢竟詞語多樣性是寫作評分標準之一。例如文章中表示外星人時，用到的詞和表達有extra- ter

4、restrial intelligence, alien civilization, other life form等，這種類似的同義交換在雅思閱讀文章中經常出現，考生們還可以精讀一下劍橋真題8 Test 3 Passage 2。二、理解句子單詞理解好了，下一步自然就是理解句子。雅思閱讀中經常會出現一些長難句，而有些考生一看到這些，就立馬神經緊張，不知道如何下手了。大多數長難句只是外形嚇人，其實是個紙老虎。例如文章A段最后一句話It is even possible that the older civilization may pass on the benefits of their ex

5、perience in dealing with threats to survival such as nuclear war and global pollution, and other threats that we havent yet discovered. 乍一看，有好幾個that, 看上去較復雜，但其實我們要做的事情就是提煉主干，找出主謂賓。這句話主語是it, 謂語is, that引導的是一個主語從句，一直到句尾，這樣句子大意即是較老的文明也許可以將他們處理威脅的經歷傳播下去。而在主語從句中又出現兩個threats 的并列，這兩個threats的定語也值得借鑒，第一個是用to

6、do構造做定語，而第二個threats那么是用that引導的定語從句，這點符合我們寫作評分標準中的句型多樣化，非常值得學習。當然不是每個句子都需要這么揣摩的，時間和精力都不允許。考生只需要將與題目相關的句子理解透徹，構造分析p 明晰就可以了。三、理解文章構造當詞語句型都看懂之后，第三步就是學習研究文章構造了。西方的學術文章大體遵循總分總或者總分的構造，即introduction, main body, summary三部曲或者introduction, main body二重奏。而文章的每個段落也遵循這個構造。研究文章構造的目的是為了能從宏觀上把握文章的布局特點，這樣下次讀雅思文章時能快速定位

7、答案，尤其是 list of headings這個題型，同時也對于寫作起到參考作用。這篇文章第一段交待了話題背景，即為什么要尋找外星生命，主題段落即B,C,D,E四段介紹了尋找外星生命的一些嘗試及方法，以及可能出現的結果。而在每段內部，根本也遵循這個構造原那么，例如B段，第一句即是主旨句，概括了該段的大意。理解了學術文章的寫作特點，我們在今后的閱讀練習中可以加以靈敏運用，節(jié)約做題時間，進步解題正確率。綜上，雅思閱讀的精讀最主要的是對詞語、句意以及文章構造進展進一步的理解和揣摩，以到達舉一反三的目的，希望考生們在今后的學習考試中，能靈敏運用文章中所學的知識雅考慮試閱讀模擬試題及答案解析Rogue

8、 theory of smell gets a boost1. A controversial theory of how we smell， which claims that our fine sense of odour depends on quantum mechanics， has been given the thumbs up by a team of physicists.2. Calculations by researchers at University College London (UCL) show that the idea that we smell odou

9、r molecules by sensing their molecular vibrations makes sense in terms of the physics involved.3. Thats still some way from proving that the theory， proposed in the mid-1990s by biophysicist Luca Turin， is correct. But it should make other scientists take the idea more seriously.4. “This is a big st

10、ep forward，” says Turin， who has now set up his own perfume pany Flexitral in Virginia. He says that since he published his theory， “it has been ignored rather than criticized.”5. Most scientists have assumed that our sense of smell depends on receptors in the nose detecting the shape of ining molec

11、ules， which triggers a signal to the brain. This molecular lock and key process is thought to lie behind a wide range of the bodys detection systems： it is how some parts of the immune system recognise invaders， for exle， and how the tongue recognizes some tastes.6. But Turin argued that smell doesn

12、t seem to fit this picture very well. Molecules that look almost identical can smell very different such as alcohols， which smell like spirits， and thiols， which smell like rotten eggs. And molecules with very different structures can smell similar. Most strikingly， some molecules can smell differen

13、t to animals， if not necessarily to humans simply because they contain different isotopes (atoms that are chemically identical but have a different mass)。7. Turins explanation for these smelly facts invokes the idea that the smell signal in olfactory receptor proteins is triggered not by an odour mo

14、lecules shape， but by its vibrations， which can enourage an electron to jump between two parts of the receptor in a quantum-mechanical process called tunnelling. This electron movement could initiate the smell signal being sent to the brain.8. This would explain why isotopes can smell different： the

15、ir vibration frequencies are changed if the atoms are heavier. Turins mechanism， says Marshall Stoneham of the UCL team， is more like swipe-card identification than a key fitting a lock.9. Vibration-assisted electron tunnelling can undoubtedly occur it is used in an experimental technique for measur

16、ing molecular vibrations. “The question is whether this is possible in the nose，” says Stonehams colleague， Andrew Horsfield.10. Stoneham says that when he first heard about Turins idea， while Turin was himself based at UCL， “I didnt believe it”。 But， he adds， “because it was an interesting idea， I

17、thought I should prove it couldnt work. I did some simple calculations， and only then began to feel Luca could be right.” Now Stoneham and his co-workers have done the job more thoroughly， in a paper soon to be published in Physical Review Letters.11. The UCL team calculated the rates of electron ho

18、pping in a nose receptor that has an odorant molecule bound to it. This rate depends on various properties of the biomolecular system that are not known， but the researchers could estimate these parameters based on typical values for molecules of this sort.12. The key issue is whether the hopping ra

19、te with the odorant in place is significantly greater than that without it. The calculations show that it is which means that odour identification in this way seems theoretically possible.13. But Horsfield stresses that thats different from a proof of Turins idea. “So far things look plausible， but

20、we need proper experimental verification. Were beginning to think about what experiments could be performed.”14. Meanwhile， Turin is pressing ahead with his hypothesis. “At Flexitral we have been designing odorants exclusively on the basis of their puted vibrations，” he says. “Our success rate at od

21、orant discovery is two orders of magnitude better than the petition.” At the very least， he is putting his money where his nose is.Questions 1-4Do the following statements agree with the information given in the passage? Please writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the writerFALSE if the statement

22、does not agree with the writerNOT GIVEN if there is no information about this in the passage1. The result of the study at UCL agrees with Turins theory.2. The study at UCL could conclusively prove what Luca Turin has hypothesized.3. Turin left his post at UCL and started his own business because his

23、 theory was ignored.4. The molecules of alcohols and those of thiols look alike.Questions 5-9plete the sentences below with words from the passage. Use NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.5. The hypothesis that we smell by sensing the molecular vibration was made by _.6. Turins pany is based in

24、 _.7. Most scientists believed that our nose works in the same way as our _.8. Different isotopes can smell different when _ weigh differently.9. According to Audrew Horsfield， it is still to be proved that _ could really occur in human nose.Question 10-12Answer the questions below using NO MORE THA

25、N THREE WORDS from the passage for each answer.10. Whats the name of the researcher who collaborated with Stoneham?11. What is the next step of the UCL teams study?12. What is the theoretical basis in designing odorants in Turins pany?(by Zhou Hong)Answer Keys and Explanations1. T 見第一段。“give sth the

26、 thumbs up”為“承受“的意思。2. F 見第三段。 “Thats still some way from proving that the theory， proposed in the mid- 1990s by biophysicist Luca Turin， is correct.”意即“如今尚無法證實生物物理學家Luca在九十年代中期提出的理論是否正確。”3. NG4. T 見第六段 “Molecules that look almost identical can smell very different such as alcohols， which smell like spirits