1、2016年6月大學英語六級考試真題(第2套)Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on e-learning. Try to imagine what will happen when more and more people study online instead of attending school. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more th

2、an 200 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must ch

3、oose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Question 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard. A.The project the man managed at CucinTech.The updating of technology at

4、CucinTech.The mans switch to a new career.The restructuring of her company. A.Talented personnel.Strategic innovation.Competitive products.Effective promotion. A.Expand the market.Recruit more talents.Innovate constantly.Watch out for his competitors. A.Possible bankruptcy.Unforeseen difficulties.Co

5、nflicts within the company.Imitation by ones competitors.Question 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard. A.The job of an interpreter.The stress felt by professionals.The importance of language proficiency.The best way to effective communication. A.Promising.Admirable.Rewarding.Mea

6、ningful. A.They all have a strong interest in language.They all have professional qualifications.They have all passed language proficiency tests.They have all studied cross-cultural differences. A.It requires a much larger vocabulary.It attaches more importance to accuracy.It is more stressful than

7、simultaneous interpreting.It puts ones long-term memory under more stress.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you m

8、ust choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Question 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard. A.It might affect mothers health.It might disturb infants sleep.It migh

9、t increase the risk of infants death.It might increase mothers mental distress. A.Mothers who breast-feed their babies have a harder time falling asleep.Mothers who sleep with their babies need a little more sleep each night.Sleeping patterns of mothers greatly affect their newborn babies health.Sle

10、eping with infants in the same room has a negative impact on mothers. A.Change their sleep patterns to adapt to their newborn babies.Sleep in the same room but not in the same bed as their babies.Sleep in the same house but not in the same room as their babies.Take precautions to reduce the risk of

11、sudden infant death syndrome.Question 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard. A.A lot of native languages have already died out in the US.The US ranks first in the number of endangered languages.The efforts to preserve Indian languages have proved fruitless.More money is needed to rec

12、ord the native languages in the US. A.To set up more language schools.To document endangered languages.To educate native American children.To revitalize Americas native languages. A.The US governments policy of Americanizing Indian children.The failure of American Indian languages to gain an officia

13、l status.The US governments unwillingness to spend money educating Indians.The long-time isolation of American Indians from the outside world. A.It is being utilized to teach native languages.It tells traditional stories during family time.It speeds up the extinction of native languages.It is widely

14、 used in language immersion schools.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hoar a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B),

15、C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Question 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard. A.It pays them up to half of their pervious wages while they look for work.It covers their mortgage payments and medical expenses for

16、99 weeks.It pays their living expenses until they find employment again.It provides them with the basic necessities of everyday life. A.Creating jobs for the huge army of unemployed workers.Providing training and guidance for unemployed workers.Convincing local lawmakers to extend unemployment benef

17、its.Raising funds to help those having no unemployment insurance. A.To offer them loans they need to start their own businesses.To allow them to postpone their monthly mortgage payments.To create more jobs by encouraging private investments in local companies.To encourage big businesses to hire back

18、 workers with government subsidies.Question 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard. A.They measured the depths of sea water.They analyzed the water content.They explored the ocean floor.They investigated the ice. A.Eighty percent of the ice disappears in summer time.Most of the ice wa

19、s accumulated over the past centuries.The ice ensures the survival of many endangered species.The ice decrease is more evident than previously thought. A.Arctic ice is a major source of the worlds fresh water.The melting Arctic ice has drowned many coastal cities.The decline of Arctic ice is irrever

20、sible.Arctic ice is essential to human survival. A.It will do a lot of harm to mankind.There is no easy way to understand it.It will advance nuclear technology.There is no easy technological solution to it.Question 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.A. The reason why New Zealand c

21、hildren seem to have better self-control. The relation between childrens self-control and their future success. The health problems of children raised by a single parent. The deciding factor in childrens academic performance.A. Children raised by single parents will have a hard time in their thirtie

22、s. Those with a criminal record mostly come from single parent families. Parents must learn to exercise self-control in front of their children. Lack of self-control in parents is a disadvantage for their children.A. Self-control can be improved through education. Self-control can improve ones finan

23、cial situation. Self-control problems may be detected early in children. Self-control problems will diminish as one grows up.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a

24、list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use an

25、y of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.The robotics revolution is set to bring humans face to face with an old fear - man-made creations as smart and capable as we are but without a moral compass. As robots take on ever more complex roles, the

26、 question naturally 26 : Who will be responsible when they do something wrong? Manufacturers? Users? Software writers? The answer depends on the robot.Robots already save us time, money and energy. In the future, they will improve our health care, social welfare and standard of living. The 27 of com

27、putational power and engineering advances will 28 enable lower-cost in-home care for the disabled, 29 use of driverless cars that may reduce drunk- and distracted-driving accidents and countless home and service-industry uses for robots, from street cleaning to food preparation.But there are 30 to b

28、e problems. Robot cars will crash. A drone (遙控飛行器) operator will 31 someones privacy. A robotic lawn mower will run over a neighbors cat. Juries sympathetic to the 32 of machines will punish entrepreneurs with company-crushing 33 and damages. What should governments do to protect people while 34 spa

29、ce for innovation?Big, complicated systems on which much public safety depends, like driverless cars, should be built, 35 and sold by manufacturers who take responsibility for ensuring safety and are liable for accidents. Governments should set safety requirements and then let insurers price the ris

30、k of the robots based on the manufacturers driving record, not the passengers.A)arises F)eventually K)preservingB)ascends G)interfere L)programmedC)bound H)invade M)proximatelyD)combination I)manifesting N)victimsE)definite J)penalties O)widespreadSection BDirections: In this section, you are going

31、to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking t

32、he corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Reform and Medical CostsA Americans are deeply concerned about the relentless rise in health care costs and health insurance premiums. They need to know if reform will help solve the problem. The answer is that no one has an easy fix for rising medical costs

33、. The fundamental fix - reshaping how care is delivered and how doctors are paid in a wasteful, abnormal system - is likely to be achieved only through trial and error and incremental (漸進的) gains.B The good news is that a bill just approved by the House and a bill approved by the Senate Finance Comm

34、ittee would implement or test many reforms that should help slow the rise in medical costs over the long term. As a report in The New England Journal of Medicine concluded, Pretty much every proposed innovation found in the health policy literature these days is contained in these measures.C Medical

35、 spending, which typically rises faster than wages and the overall economy, is propelled by two things: the high prices charged for medical services in this country and the volume of unnecessary care delivered by doctors and hospitals, which often perform a lot more tests and treatments than a patie

36、nt really needs.D Here are some of the important proposals in the House and Senate bills to try to address those problems, and why it is hard to know how well they will work.E Both bills would reduce the rate of growth in annual Medicare payments to hospitals, nursing homes and other providers by am

37、ounts comparable to the productivity savings routinely made in other industries with the help of new technologies and new ways to organize work. This proposal could save Medicare more than $100 billion over the next decade. If private plans demanded similar productivity savings from providers, and r

38、efused to let providers shift additional costs to them, the savings could be much larger. Critics say Congress will give in to lobbyists and let inefficient providers off the hook (放過). That is far less likely to happen if Congress also adopts strong pay-go rules requiring that any increase in payme

39、nts to providers be offset by new taxes or budget cuts.F The Senate Finance bill would impose an excise tax (消費稅) on health insurance plans that cost more than $8,000 for an individual or $21,000 for a family. It would most likely cause insurers to redesign plans to fall beneath the threshold. Enrol

40、lees would have to pay more money for many services out of their own pockets, and that would encourage them to think twice about whether an expensive or redundant test was worth it. Economists project that most employers would shift money from expensive health benefits into wages. The House bill has

41、 no similar tax. The final legislation should.G Any doctor who has wrestled with multiple forms from different insurers, or patients who have tried to understand their own parade of statements, know that simplification ought to save money. When the health insurance industry was still cooperating in

42、reform efforts, its trade group offered to provide standardized forms for automated processing. It estimated that step would save hundreds of billions of dollars over the next decade. The bills would lock that pledge into law.H The stimulus package provided money to convert the inefficient, paper-dr

43、iven medical system to electronic records that can be easily viewed and transmitted. This requires open investments to help doctors convert. In time it should help restrain costs by eliminating redundant tests, preventing drug interactions, and helping doctors find the best treatments.I Virtually al

44、l experts agree that the fee-for-service system - doctors are rewarded for the quantity of care rather than its quality or effectiveness - is a primary reason that the cost of care is so high. Most agree that the solution is to push doctors to accept fixed payments to care for a particular illness o

45、r for a patients needs over a year. No one knows how to make that happen quickly. The bills in both houses would start pilot projects within Medicare. They include such measures as accountable care organizations to take charge of a patients needs with an eye on both cost and quality, and chronic dis

46、ease management to make sure the seriously ill, who are responsible for the bulk of all health care costs, are treated properly. For the most part, these experiments rely on incentive payments to get doctors to try them.J Testing innovations do no good unless the good experiments are identified and

47、expanded and the bad ones are dropped. The Senate bill would create an independent commission to monitor the pilot programs and recommend changes in Medicares payment policies to urge providers to adopt reforms that work. The changes would have to be approved or rejected as a whole by Congress, maki

48、ng it hard for narrow-interest lobbies to bend lawmakers to their will.K The bills in both chambers would create health insurance exchanges on which small businesses and individuals could choose from an array of private plans and possibly a public option. All the plans would have to provide standard

49、 benefit packages that would be easy to compare. To get access to millions of new customers, insurers would have a strong incentive to sell on the exchange. And the head-to-head competition might give them a strong incentive to lower their prices, perhaps by accepting slimmer profit margins or deman

50、ding better deals from providers.L The final legislation might throw a public plan into the competition, but thanks to the fierce opposition of the insurance industry and Republican critics, it might not save much money. The one in the House bill would have to negotiate rates with providers, rather

51、than using Medicare rates, as many reformers wanted.M The presidents stimulus package is pumping money into research to compare how well various treatments work. Is surgery, radiation or careful monitoring best for prostate (前列腺) cancer? Is the latest and most expensive cholesterol-lowering drug any

52、 better than its common competitors? The pending bills would spend additional money to accelerate this effort.N Critics have charged that this sensible idea would lead to rationing of care. (That would be true only if you believed that patients should have an unrestrained fight to treatments proven

53、to be inferior.) As a result, the bills do not require, as they should, that the results of these studies be used to set payment rates in Medicare.O Congress needs to find the courage to allow Medicare to pay preferentially for treatments proven to be superior. Sometimes the best treatment might be

54、the most expensive. But overall, we suspect that spending would come down through elimination of a lot of unnecessary or even dangerous tests and treatments.P The House bill would authorize the secretary of health and human services to negotiate drug prices in Medicare and Medicaid. Some authoritati

55、ve analysts doubt that the secretary would get better deals than private insurers already get. We believe negotiation could work. It does in other countries.Q Missing from these bills is any serious attempt to rein in malpractice costs. Malpractice awards do drive up insurance premiums for doctors i

56、n high-risk specialties, and there is some evidence that doctors engage in defensive medicine by performing tests and treatments primarily to prove they are not negligent should they get sued.36. With a tax imposed on expensive health insurance plans, most employers will likely transfer money from h

57、ealth expenses into wages.37. Changes in policy would be approved or rejected as a whole so that lobbyists would find it hard to influence lawmakers.38. It is not easy to curb the rising medical costs in America.39. Standardization of forms for automatic processing will save a lot of medical expense

58、s.40. Republicans and the insurance industry are strongly opposed to the creation of a public insurance plan.41. Conversion of paper to electronic medical records will help eliminate redundant tests and prevent drug interactions.42. The high cost of medical services and unnecessary tests and treatme

59、nts have driven up medical expenses.43. One main factor that has driven up medical expenses is that doctors are compensated for the amount of care rather than its effect.44. Contrary to analysts doubts, the author believes drug prices may be lowered through negotiation.45. Fair competition might cre

60、ate a strong incentive for insurers to charge less.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corre