1、高考英語復習計劃重申句高考英語復習計劃重申句高考英語復習計劃重申句語法復習五：重申句、It的用法、省略和插入語一、重申句（一）句句型1、述句的句型：Itis/was+被部分（平時是主、或狀）+that/who（當主且主指人）+其余部分。e.g.ItwasyesterdaythathemetLiPing.2、一般疑句的句型：同上，可是把is/was提到it前面。e.g.WasityesterdaythathemetLiPing?3、特別疑句的句型：被部分（平時是疑代或疑副）+is/was+it+that/who+其余部分？e.g.Whenandwherewasitthatyouwereborn?

2、4、句例句：ImetLiMingattherailwaystationyesterday.句子行。主：ItwasIthat(who)metLiMingattherailwaystationyesterday.：ItwasLiMingthatImetattherailwaystationyesterday.地址狀：ItwasattherailwaystationthatImetLiMingyesterday.狀：ItwasyesterdaythatImetLiMingattherailwaystation.5、注意：構成句的it自己沒有；句中的接一般只用that,who，即使在狀和地址狀也這樣，

3、that,who不能省略；句中的只用兩種，一般在和一般去。原句是一般去、去完成和去行，用Itwas，其余的用Itis。（二）notuntil句型的句1、句型：Itis/wasnotuntil+被部分+that+其余部分e.g.一般句：Hedidntgotobeduntil/tillhiswifecameback.句：Itwasnotuntilhiswifecamebackthathewenttobed.2、注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但若是不是句型，till,until可通用；因句型中Itis/wasnot已可否定句了，that后邊的從句要用必然句，切勿再用否定句了。（三）的1、

4、Itis/wasthat構不能，若是需要，用助do/does或did。e.g.Dositdown.必坐。Hedidwritetoyoulastweek.上周他確你寫了信。Dobecarefulwhenyoucrossthestreet.路，必（千萬）要小心??！2、注意：此種只用do/does和did，沒有的形式；去用did，后邊的用原形。二、It的用法（一）作人稱代詞1、it取代前面（或后邊）的數(shù)名或分句等所表示的事物。e.g.Youcannoteatyourcakebuthaveit.（it取代前面的cake）Althoughwecannotseeit,thereisairallaround

5、us.（it取代后邊的air）Theysayhehaslefttown,butIdon（titbelieve取代前it面.Theytown分句中的情況）2、取代有生命但不能夠或不用分陰陽性的西（包括兒）。e.g.Yesterdaywesawabigtree.Itwasfullytwentymetreshigh.（itThebabycriedbecauseitwashungry.（it取代前面的baby）取代前面的tree）3、在某些法中，能夠取代人。e.g.-Someoneisknockingatthedoor,Peter.-Whoisit?-Whoaresinging?-Itisthechi

6、ldren.-Thelightisstilloninthelab.Itmustbethethird-yearstudents4、it與one的區(qū)：兩個都能夠代表前面的名，但it-Itsme.doingtheexperiment.用于同名同物的合；one用于同名異物的合。e.g.-Doyoustillhavethebicycle?-No,Ihavesoldit.-Isthisknifeyours?-No.ItisXiaoZhangs.Mineoneistheonthedesk.5、it與that的區(qū)：兩都可取代某一特命名，但that指同一，其實不是同一個。e.g.TheclimateofSout

7、hChinaismild（平易的）;Ilikeitverymuch.（it指theclimateofSouthChina）TheclimateofSouthChinaismuchbetterthanthatofJapan.（that指theclimate）（二）作無人稱代詞it作無人稱代，除了句中找不到它所代表的外，另一個特點是它后邊的內容都是表示天氣、距離、胸襟衡及情況等。Itisfine(rainy,windy,etc.).Itisnoon.Itisahalfhourswalktothefactory.Itiseighteensquaremetresinarea.Whatdoesitmat

8、ter?（三）作重申詞，構成重申結構用以幫助改句子構，使句子的某一成分碰到?！癐tis(was)+所的成分(who)+其余成分。”在個句型中，it自己沒有?！耙?、句”。+that（四）引導詞it作形式主語（賓語）了使句子平衡，常采用形式主（或）it，而把真切的主（或）置于句子后邊。平時引it與它所取代的句子成分中要有某些。e.g.Ittakeshalfanhourtogothereonfoot.（It與togothereonfoot之有takeshalfanhour四個）WethoughtitstrangethatMrSmithdidnotcomelastnight.（it與that從句中間夾

9、有strange）但有時it與所取代部分之間其實不夾有其余詞。e.g.Youmaydependonitthattheywillsupportyou.（因為介詞on此后一般不直接接that引導的賓語從句。注意：it不是節(jié)余的，不能夠看作錯句）練習一、重申句、It的用法1.Mybikeismissing.Icantfind_anywhere.A.oneB.onesC.itD.that2.-Whosthat?-_ProfessorLi.A.ThatsB.ItsC.HesD.Thiss3._wasJanethatIsawinthelibrarythismorning.A.ItB.HeC.SheD.Th

10、at4.-Haveyoueverseenawhalealive?-Yes,Iveseen.A.thatB.itC.suchD.one5.Thecolorofmycoatisdifferentfrom_ofyours.A.thisB.thatC.itD.one6._willdoyougoodtodosomeexerciseeverymorning.A.ItB.ThereC.ThoseD.You7.Wethink_ourdutytopaytaxestoourgovernment.A.thatB.thisC.itsD.it8.TheclimateofShanghaiisbetterthan_ofNa

11、njing.A.thatB.itC.whichD.what9._fouryearssinceIjoinedtheArmy.A.TherewasB.ThereisC.ItwasD.Itis10.Howlong_tofinishthework?A.youlltakeB.youlltakeitC.willittakeyouD.willtakeyou11.ItwasthroughXiaoLi_IgottoknowXiaoWang.A.whoB.whomC.howD.that12.Itwasinthericefields_wehadourleaguemeeting.A.whereB.thatC.inwh

12、ichD.onwhich13.ItwasonOctober1st_newChinawasfounded.A.whichB.whenC.asD.that14.Wasitbecausehewasill_heaskedforleave?A.andB.thatC.thatsD.so15.Maryspeaksinalowvoice;_isdifficulttoknowwhatsheissaying.A.itB.thatC.soD.she16.Itwas_ImetMrGreeninShanghai.A.manyyearsthatB.manyyearsbeforeC.manyyearsagothatD.ma

13、nyyearswhen17._isnoteverybody_candrawsowell.A.It,allB.It,thatC.There,whoD.There,that18.So_thatnofishcanliveinit.A.shallowisthelakeB.thelakeisshallowC.shallowthelakeisD.isthelakeshallow三、省略為了使講話和行文簡潔，句中某些成分有時可省略。省略可分以下幾種情況：（一）簡單句中的省略1、省略主語：祈使句中主語平時省略。其余省略主語多限于少許現(xiàn)成的說法。e.g.(I)Thankyouforyourhelp.（括號內為省

14、略的詞語，下同）(I)seeyoutomorrow.(It)Doesntmatter.2、省略主謂語或主謂語的一部分。e.g.(Thereis)Nosmoking.(Isthere)Anythingwrong?Why(doyou)notsayhellotohim?3、省略作賓語的不定式短語，只保留to。e.g.-Areyougoingthere?-Idliketo(gothere).Hedidnotgivemethechance,thoughhehadpromisedto(givemethechance).注意：若是該賓語是be動詞或完成時態(tài)，則須在to此后加上be或have。e.g.-Are

15、youanengineer?-No,butIwanttobe.-Hehasntfinishedthetaskyet.-Well,heoughttohave.4、省略表語。e.g.-Areyouthirsty?-Yes,Iam(thirsty).5、同時省略幾個成分。e.g.Letsmeetatthesameplaceas(wemet)yesterday.-Haveyoufinishedyourwork?-(Ihave)Not(finishedmywork)yet.（二）并列句中的省略兩個并列分句中，后一個分句常省略與前一分句中相同的部分。e.g.Myfatherisadoctorandmymo

16、ther(is)anurse.Istudyatcollegeandmysister(studies)athighschool.（三）主從復合句中的省略1、主句中有一些成分被省略。e.g.(Im)Sorrytohehatryoutareill.(Itisa)Pitythathemissedsuchagoodchance.2、省略了一個從句或從句的一部分，用so或not（切不能用it或that）取代。e.g.-Ishecomingbacktonight?-Ithinkso.-Ishefeelingbettertoday?-Imafraidnot.這種用法常有的有：Howso?Whyso?Istha

17、tso?Ihopeso.Hesaidso及Isupposenot.Ibelievednot.Ihopenot等。（但Idontthink比soIthinknot更常用）。（四）其余省略1、連詞that的省略：、賓語從句中常省略連詞that，但也有不能夠省略的情況（參看“名詞性從句”等有關部分）。、在定語從句中，that在從句中作賓語時可省略。、引導主語從句、同位語從句等的連詞that一般不能省略。在表語從句中有時可省略。2、不定式符號to的省略、并列的不定式可省去后邊的to。e.g.Itoldhimtositdownandwaitforamoment.、某些使役動詞（如let,make,hav

18、e）及感官動詞（如see,watch,notice,hear,feel,lookat和listento等）后邊作賓語補足的不定式必然要省去to，但在被動語態(tài)中須把to復原。e.g.-Isawtheboyfallfromthetree.-Theboywasseentofallfromthetree.、介詞but前若有動詞do，后邊的不定式不帶to。e.g.Theboydidnothingbutplay.3、在某些狀語從句中，從句的主語與主句主語一致時，可省去“主語+be”部分。（參看“狀語從句”有關部分）4、連詞if在部分虛假條件句中可省略，但后邊的語序有變化（拜會“倒裝句”有關部分）5、主句與

19、從句各有一些成分省略。e.g.Thesooner(youdoit),thebetter(itwillbe).四、插入語英語句子中（特別在口語中）常插入一些單詞、短語也許句子，用來補充某些含義。語法上稱他們?yōu)椤安迦胝Z”。（一）插入語的種類：1、單詞（多是副詞），如：besides,however,otherwise,therefore,though等。e.g.Sheislookingfit,though.他看起來倒是健康。Ican,however,discussthiswhenIseeyou.2、短語e.g.ChinaandIndia,forexample,areneighbours.Bythe

20、way,whereareyoufrom?3、句子e.g.Heisanhonestman,Ibelieve.Jack,asfarasIknow,isntclever.（二）插入語的地址平時插入語位于句中，并用逗號分開。但有時，也可位于句首或句末（見上面例句）。也有時，其實不用逗號分開。e.g.YouknowthatIthinkyouarewrong.我認為，你理解你錯了。Whatonearthdoyoumean?你終歸是什么意思？（三）插入語在句中的作用一般來說，插入語在句中不起主要作用。若是把插入語抽去，句子的含義不大受影響。但是，有的插入語倒是句子不能缺少的一部分。e.g.Hegotthen

21、ewsfromnobodyknowswhere.他這信息誰也不知道是從哪兒得來的。（四）插入語的特別用法下面這種復雜的特別疑問句，也能夠為包括有“插入語”。這種疑問句（有的語法書也稱為“混雜疑問句”或“連鎖疑問句”）常用來征詢對方對某一疑問點的看法、判斷、認識、猜度或央求對方重復一遍說過的話?？谡Z中出現(xiàn)頻率極高。常用動詞有say,suppose,guess,believe,consider,think,imagine等。e.g.Howlongdidyousayshewouldstayhere?Whendoyousupposetheyllbeback?Howolddidyouthinkshewa

22、s（五）大綱中要求掌握的常用作插入語的詞語bytheway順便說，順便問一下；sofar到目前為止；andsoon等等；onthecontrary相反；nowonder不足為奇；asamatteroffact事實上；comealong快點，來吧；inotherwords換句話說；asusual仿佛過去；asaresult因此，結果。練習二、省略和插入語1.-Wontyouhaveanothertry?-_.A.Yes,IwillB.Yes,IwontC.Yes,IwillhaveD.Yes,Iwonthave2.-Iwontdoitanymore.-_?A.WhydontB.Whydontdo

23、itanymoreC.WhynotD.Whynotdo3.-Doyouthinkitwillsnowtomorrow?-_.A.No,IdontthinkB.IdontthinkC.No,IdontsoD.Idontthinkso4.-Willhefailintheexam?-_.A.DonthopetoB.LetshopenotC.NothopesoD.Letshopenotto5._usual,Ihaveforgottensomething.A.AsB.AsitisC.ItsD.Thatis6._sheaman,shemightbeelectedpresident.A.IfB.Unless

24、C.WasD.Were7._Ihadtime,Iwouldhaveplayeditagain.A.IfB.UnlessC.HadD.When8._itraintomorrow,Idstayathome.A.ShouldB.WouldC.WhenD.If9.Ilikesportsand_mybrother.A.soB.sodoesC.soisD.solikes10.Francis,_borninKentucky,livedandpractisedlawinMissouri.A.wasB.HewasC.whoisD.although11.-Arentyouthemanager?-No,andI_.

25、A.dontwantB.dontwanttoC.dontwanttobeD.dont12.-Haveyoufedthedog?-No,but_.A.IamB.ImjustgoingtoC.ImD.Imjustgoing13.Yourperformanceinthedrivingtestdidntreachthe（required標準）standard,youfailed.A.intheendB.afterallC.inotherwordsD.atthesametime14.Howlong_shewouldstayhere?A.didshesayB.shesaidC.didD./15._coul

26、ddosuchthing?A.WhomdoyouthinkB.WhodoyouthinkC.DoyouthinkwhomD.Didyouthinkwho練習三、綜合訓練1.Johnwasill.Haveyouheardabout_?A.thisB.heC.itD.theone2.Hurryup!_gettingdarkeranddarker.A.TheskyisB.ItsC.WeatherisD.Timeis3.Itsthethirdtime_haveIbeenhere.A.thatB.whenC.afterD.who4.Itwassimplyforthatreason_Iwouldnttel

27、lhimthetruth.A.whyB.whichC.soD.that5.Wasitintheplace_thelastemperordied?A.whereB.thatC.whichD.inwhich6._isnodifferencebetweenAandB.A.ItB.WhereC.ThereD.What7.It_MikeandMarywhohelpedtheoldmanseveraldaysago.A.wasB.wereC.areD.hadbeen8.Hesaid,“_alongwaytoschool._alongwaytogobeforeyetwearrive.”A.Itis,Itis

28、B.Thereis,ThereisC.Thereis,ItisD.Itis,Thereis9.Idontlike_youspeaktoher.A.thewayB.thewayinthatC.thewaywhichD.thewayofwhich10.IfyougotoXian,youllfindtherepalacmoresmagnificentthancommonly_.A.supposingB.supposeC.tosupposeD.supposed11._isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It12.Itwasabout600yearsago_thefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwasmade.A.thatB.untilC.beforeD.when13.Itwasnotuntil1920_regularradiobroadcastbegan.A.whileB.whichC.thatD.since14.-Doyoumindmytakingthisseat?-_.A.Yes,sitdownpleaseB.No,ofcoursenotC.Yes,