住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-中國海洋大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大小）題型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Thereport（

）sevenareaswheretheGovernmenthadaresponsibility.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.purified

B.specified

C.regarded

D.labeled

【答案】B

【解析】句意:這份報(bào)告列舉了政府負(fù)有責(zé)任的七個(gè)領(lǐng)域。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)分別是對(duì)應(yīng)動(dòng)詞的過去式。Purify凈化,使純凈;specify列舉,詳細(xì)說明,指定;regard把……看作;label標(biāo)注，貼標(biāo)簽于。故B符合句意。

2.單選題

I’lllendyoumycassetterecorder（

）I’vedonewithit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.everytime

B.themoment

C.until

D.lest

【答案】B

【解析】句意:我一用完盒式錄音機(jī)就借給你。

考查短語辨析。everytime每次，每當(dāng)，不能充當(dāng)連詞;themoment立刻，馬上，一……就；until直到……時(shí)，不能與瞬時(shí)性動(dòng)詞連用，題干中的lend為瞬時(shí)性動(dòng)詞,故排除C；lest唯恐，以免，擔(dān)心,不符合句意。故選B。

3.單選題

Don’trun（

）theideathatScotsmenaremean.Theyjustdon’tlikewastingmoney.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.infor

B.into

C.awayfrom

D.awaywith

【答案】D

【解析】句意:不要輕率地下結(jié)論說蘇格蘭人很吝嗇。他們只是不想浪費(fèi)錢。

考查固定搭配。runawaywiththeidea輕易接受（意見、看法等）。

4.單選題

Theresultofoursurveyindicatedthatstudentsinthecityaveraged（

）ofdailyself-studythisyearthanlastyear.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.60minutes

B.asmanyas60minutes

C.more60minutes

D.60minutesmore

【答案】D

【解析】句意:我們的調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示，城市里的學(xué)生每天的自學(xué)時(shí)間相比去年平均増加了60分鐘。

語法題?？疾楸容^級(jí)。由題干關(guān)鍵詞than可以排除A和B。表示“平均比…多”用“average…morethan”。故D正確。

5.單選題

（

）asuddenburstofrain,thechildrencamehomewithwetclothes.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.For

B.Dueto

C.Owningto

D.Thanksto

【答案】C

【解析】句意:由于突降陣雨，孩子們回家后衣服都淋濕了。

考查近義詞辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都有“因?yàn)椤钡囊馑?。For表示“因?yàn)椤?連接原因時(shí),一般不放在句首,故A排除。Dueto作狀語時(shí),一般不與所接的原因隔開;Owingto一般直接接原因部分,可在句首或者句末;Thanksto表示原因時(shí)一般出于感謝。故答案選項(xiàng)為C。

6.單選題

Hishumorousremark（

）thetensionatthemeeting.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.released

B.replaced

C.relieved

D.retained

【答案】C

【解析】句意:他幽默的言辭緩和了會(huì)議上的緊張氣氛。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均為對(duì)應(yīng)動(dòng)詞的過去式。Release釋放,放出,發(fā)泄;replace代替,取代,更新;relieve緩和,解除,減輕;retain保持。由關(guān)鍵詞thetension(緊張局勢(shì))可知C符合句意。

7.單選題

Iwouldpreferthatwe（

）itsomeotherway.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.do

B.did

C.willdo

D.havedone

【答案】B

【解析】句意:我寧愿我們用其它方式。

語法題?？疾樘摂M語氣。Wouldprefer+that從句時(shí),從句應(yīng)用虛擬語氣,即謂語動(dòng)詞do用一般過去式did。

8.單選題

Myfatherdecidestomakemegobacktocollegeimmediately,studymylessonscarefully,and（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.amaster’sdegreemustattained

B.mustattainmymaster'sdegree

C.attainmymaster’sdegree

D.mymaster’sdegreebeattained

【答案】C

【解析】句意:父親決定讓我立刻回到學(xué)校，認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)課程，并獲得碩士學(xué)位。

語法題。考查并列的動(dòng)詞短語。由表示并列的and可知所填成分應(yīng)與“studymylessonscarefully”結(jié)構(gòu)一致,故選C。

9.單選題

Whenthefirealarmrang,we（

）outsidetheemergencyexit.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.resembled

B.dissembled

C.assembled

D.scrambled

【答案】C

【解析】句意:當(dāng)火警響起時(shí)，我們?cè)诰o急出口外集合。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。Resemble看起來像,顯得像,像;dissemble掩蓋,掩飾(真實(shí)感情或意圖);assemble聚集,集合,收集;scramble(迅速而吃力地)爬,攀登,搶,搶占。故C符合句意。

10.單選題

Charlesisaccurate（

）hiscalculations.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.with

B.for

C.in

D.to

【答案】C

【解析】句意:Charles在計(jì)算方面很精確。

考查短語辨析。beaccuratein在…方面很精確;beaccurateto精確至…。beaccurate沒有和with跟for的搭配。故選C。

11.單選題

Herfacegaveher（

）whenshetoldalie.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.off

B.up

C.out

D.away

【答案】D

【解析】句意:當(dāng)她撒謊吋，她的面容出賣了她。

考查短語辨析。Giveoff釋放，放出，發(fā)出（氣體、熱量、氣味等）;giveup放棄,戒除,認(rèn)輸;giveout分發(fā),散發(fā),公開,宣布（消息等）;giveaway錯(cuò)失（優(yōu)勢(shì)）,泄露（秘密）,使露出真面目。因此D符合句意。

12.單選題

Ifyou（

）throughabookormagazine,youlookthroughitinacasualway.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.brew

B.brood

C.bruise

D.browse

【答案】D

【解析】句意:隨意地翻看書籍雜志，其實(shí)就是瀏覽。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。Brew釀制(啤酒),沏(茶),煮(咖啡);brood焦慮,憂思(使人厭煩、擔(dān)憂或不安的事);bruise(使)出現(xiàn)傷痕,撞傷;browse(在商店里)隨便看看,瀏覽,翻閱。因此D符合句意。

13.單選題

Theskierswouldrather（

）throughthemountainsthangobybus.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.totravelbytrain

B.traveledbytrain

C.travelbytrain

D.travelingbytrain

【答案】C

【解析】句意:這些滑雪者寧可坐火車穿越群山而不愿意坐公交。

考查固定搭配。wouldratherdosth.寧愿、寧可、最好…。

14.單選題

TherearemanytheoriesaboutthebeginningofdramainancientGreece.Theonemostwidelyacceptedtodayisbasedontheassumptionthatdramaevolvedfromritual.Theargumentforthisviewgoesasfollows.Inthebeginning,humanbeingsviewedthenaturalforcesoftheworld,eventheseasonalchanges,asunpredictable,andtheysought,throughvariousmeans,tocontroltheseunknownandfearfulpowers.Thosemeasureswhichappearedtobringthedesiredresultswerethenretainedandrepeateduntiltheyhardenedintofixedrituals.Eventuallystoriesarosewhichexplainedorveiledthemysteriesoftherites.Astimepassed,someritualswereabandoned,butthestories,latercalledmyths,persistedandprovidedmaterialforartanddrama.

Thosewhobelievethatdramaevolvedoutofritualalsoarguethatthoseritescontainedtheseedoftheaterbecausemusic,dance,masks,andcostumeswerealmostalwaysused.Furthermore,asuitablesitehadtobeprovidedforperformances,andwhentheentirecommunitydidnotparticipate,acleardivisionwasusuallymadebetweenthe"actingarea"andthe"auditorium".Inaddition,therewereperformers,and,sinceconsiderableimportancewasattachedtoavoidingmistakesintheenactmentofrites,religiousleadersusuallyassumedthattask.Wearingmasksandcostumes,theyoftenimpersonatedotherpeople,animals,orsupernaturalbeingsandmimedthedesiredeffect——successinhuntorballet,thecoiningrain,therevivalofthesun—asanactormight.Eventuallysuchdramaticrepresentationswereseparatedfromreligiousactivities.

Anothertheorytracesthetheater'soriginfromthehumaninterestinstorytelling.Accordingtothisview,tales(aboutthehunt,war,ofother-feats)aregraduallyelaborated,atfirstthroughtheuseofimpersonation,action,anddialoguebyanarratorandthenthroughtheassumptionofeachoftherolesbyadifferentperson.Acloselyrelatedtheorytracestheatertothosedancesthatareprimarilyrhythmicalandgymnasticorthataretheimitationofanimalmovementsandsounds.

1.Anappropriatetitleofthepassagewouldbe（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasacommonelementoftheaterandritual?

3.Whichofthefollowingideasdoesthepassagesupport?

4.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemaindifferencebetweenritualanddrama?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A."TheOriginsofTheater"

B.“TheRoleofRitualinModernDance"

C."TheImportanceofStorytelling"

D."TheWietyofEarlyReligiousActivities"

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Dance.

B.Magic.

C.Music.

D.Costumes.

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Nooneissureabouttheoriginoftheater.

B.Mythsweretheultimateoriginofdrama.

C.Storytellingisanimportantpartofdrama.

D.Allreligionscamefromritualactivities.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Ritualusesmusicwhereasdramadoesnot.

B.Ritualisshorterthandrama

C.Ritualrequiresfewerperformersthandramadoes.

D.Ritualhasareligiouspurposeanddramadoesnot.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章前兩段介紹了廣泛為人接受的理論-——戲劇起源于宗教儀式。最后一段還介紹了另外兩種有關(guān)戲劇起源的理論——認(rèn)為戲劇源自人們對(duì)敘述故事的興趣，和認(rèn)為可以將戲劇的起源追溯至舞蹈。故A項(xiàng)“戲劇的起源”比較適合作文章標(biāo)題。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第二段指出:Thosewhobelievethatdramaevolvedoutofritualalsoarguethatthoseritescontainedtheseedoftheaterbecausemusic,dance,masks,andcostumeswerealmostalwaysused(認(rèn)為戲劇從儀式演化而來的人們還認(rèn)為那些儀式包含了戲劇的基本因素，因?yàn)橐魳?、舞蹈、面具和服裝幾乎經(jīng)常被使用),因此B項(xiàng)“魔術(shù)”不是戲劇和儀式的基本因素。

3.判斷推理題。A:沒有人能確定戲劇的起源,B:神話是戲劇的最終起源,第一段指出:TherearemanytheoriesaboutthebeginningofdramainancientGreece.Theonemostwidelyacceptedtodayisbasedontheassumptionthatdramaevolvedfromritual(有很多關(guān)于古希臘戲劇起源的理論。其中今天最廣泛為人接受的理論是基于戲劇起源于宗教儀式的假設(shè)),由此可知A項(xiàng)正確,B項(xiàng)不正確。C:講故事是戲劇的一個(gè)重要部分,最后一段指出:Anothertheorytracesthetheater'soriginfromthehumaninterestinstorytelling(另一個(gè)追溯戲劇起源的理論認(rèn)為它來自人們對(duì)敘述故事的興趣),由此可知C項(xiàng)和原文并不相符。D:所有的宗教起源于宗教儀式活動(dòng),文章并未提及。故此題選A。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。倒數(shù)第二段指出:此外，還有表演者，因?yàn)樵趦x式的制定中避免犯錯(cuò)誤是相當(dāng)重要的，宗教領(lǐng)袖通常承擔(dān)這個(gè)任務(wù)。他們戴著面具，穿著戲服，經(jīng)常模仿其他人、動(dòng)物或超自然的生物，模仿演員所期望的效果——成功模仿狩獵或芭蕾，無論晴天或雨天。這種戲劇性的表現(xiàn)最終與宗教活動(dòng)分離開來。由此可看出D項(xiàng)“宗教儀式有一個(gè)宗教目的，而戲劇沒有”正確。

15.單選題

We’llbeverycarefulandkeepwhatyou’vetoldusstrictly（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.rigorous

B.private

C.confidential

D.mysterious

【答案】C

【解析】句意:我們會(huì)非常謹(jǐn)慎，并會(huì)嚴(yán)格保密你告訴我們的話。

考查形容詞辨析。Rigorous嚴(yán)格的,嚴(yán)厲的;private私人的,個(gè)人的;confidential機(jī)密的,保密的,秘密的;mysterious神秘的,奇怪的,不易解釋的。分析題干可知此處表示“應(yīng)該保密”,故選C。

16.單選題

Icouldn’theartheprogrambecausetherewastoomuch（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.grasp

B.globe

C.superior

D.interference

【答案】D

【解析】句意:我聽不清節(jié)目，因?yàn)楦蓴_太大。

考查名詞辨析。Grasp緊抓,緊握,控制,理解(力);globe地球,世界(尤用以強(qiáng)調(diào)其大);superior級(jí)別(或地位、職位)更高的人,上級(jí),上司;interference干涉,干預(yù),介入,(無線電信號(hào)的)干擾。故D符合句意。

17.單選題

Successfulinnovationshavedrivenmanyoldertechnologiestoextinctionandhaveresultedinhigherproductivity,greaterconsumptionmaterialsthroughtheeconomyandincreasedquantitiesofmetalsandothersubstancesinusepercapita.Thehistoryofindustrialdevelopmentaboundswithexamples.

In1870,horsesandmulesweretheprimesourceofpoweronUSfarms.Onehorseormulewasrequiredtosupportfourhumanbeings—arationthatremainedalmostconstantformanydecades.Atthattime,hadanationalcommissionbeenaskedtoforecastthehorseandmulepopulationfor1970,itsanswerprobablywouldhavedependedonwhetheritsconsultantswereofaneconomicortechnologicalturnofmind.Hadtheybeen“economists”,theywouldprobablyhaveprojectedthe1970horseormulepopulationtobemorethan50million.Hadtheybeen“technologists”，theywouldhaverecognizedthatthepowerofsteamhadalreadybeenharnessedtoindustryandtolandandoceantransport.Theywouldhaverecognizedfurtherthatitwouldbeonlyamatteroftimebeforesteamwouldbetheprimesourceofpoweronthefarm.Itwouldhavebeendifficultforthemtoavoidtheconclusionthatthehorseandmulepopulationwoulddeclinerapidly.

1.Accordingtothepassage,whatsuppliedmostofthepoweronU.S.farmsin1870?

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedbytheauthorasaconsequenceofnewtechnologicaldevelopments?

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatby1870（

）.

4.Inthesecondparagraph,theauthorsuggeststhat“economists”would（

）.

5.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardchangesbroughtonbytechnologicalinnovation?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Animals

B.Humans

C.Engines

D.Water

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.Oldertechnologiesdieaway.

B.Thequalityoflifeisimproved.

C.Overallproductivityincreased

D.Morerawmaterialsbecomenecessary

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.technologybegantobemorecommercial

B.thesteamenginehadbeeninvented

C.theU.S.horsepopulationwasabout10million

D.anationalcommissiononagriculturehadbeenestablished

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.plantheeconomythroughyearlyforecasts

B.failtoconsidertheinfluenceoftechnologicalinnovation

C.valuetheeconomiccontributionoffarmanimals

D.consultforthenationalcommissionontheeconomy

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.Heisexcitedaboutthem

B.Heacceptsthemasnatural

C.Heisdisturbedbythem

D.Hequestionstheirusefulness

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第二段指出:In1870,horsesandmulesweretheprimesourceofpoweronUSfarms(在1870年，馬和騾子是美國農(nóng)場(chǎng)的主要?jiǎng)趧?dòng)力),由此可知A項(xiàng)“動(dòng)物”正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干問的是:下列哪項(xiàng)不屬于作者所述技術(shù)革新的結(jié)果?第一段指出:Successfulinnovationshavedrivenmanyoldertechnologiestoextinctionandhaveresultedinhigherproductivity,greaterconsumptionmaterialsthroughtheeconomy(成功的新發(fā)明讓很多較舊的技術(shù)消失，帶來了更高的生產(chǎn)力，通過經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展帶來更多數(shù)量的消耗材料)。故作者并未提及B項(xiàng)“人的生活質(zhì)量得到了改善”。

3.判斷推理題。第二段指出:...theywouldhaverecognizedthatthepowerofsteamhadalreadybeenharnessedtoindustryandtolandandoceantransport(他們將認(rèn)識(shí)到蒸汽動(dòng)力已被使用到工業(yè)、土地和海洋運(yùn)輸)。由此推測(cè)B項(xiàng)“蒸汽引擎已被發(fā)明”正確。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“economists”定位至第二段:Hadtheybeen“economists”，theywouldprobablyhaveprojectedthe1970horseormulepopulationtobemorethan50million(如果他們是經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家，那么他們會(huì)認(rèn)為到1970年馬或騾子的數(shù)量要達(dá)到5000萬),因此選B項(xiàng)“未能考慮到技術(shù)革新的影響”。

5.觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。由第一段中“Successfulinnovationshavedrivenmanyoldertechnologiestoextinctionandhaveresultedinhigherproductivity…(成功的新發(fā)明讓很多較舊的技術(shù)消失,提高了生產(chǎn)力…)”和最后一段中“Itwouldhavebeendifficultforthemtoavoidtheconclusionthatthehorseandmulepopulationwoulddeclinerapidly(他們最后很可能會(huì)得出這樣的結(jié)論:馬和騾子的數(shù)量會(huì)迅速減少)”可知作者對(duì)于技術(shù)革新帶來的改變的態(tài)度是“自然地接受了他們”。

18.單選題

NowapaperinSciencearguesthatorganicchemicalsintherockcomemostlyfrom（

）onearthratherthanbacteriaonMars.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.contamination

B.constitution

C.condemnation

D.configuration

【答案】B

【解析】句意:最近《科學(xué)》雜志上的一篇論文認(rèn)為，巖石中的有機(jī)化合物主要來自于地球上的組成物質(zhì)，而非是火星上的細(xì)菌。

考查形近詞辨析。Contamination污染,污染物;constitution憲法,章程,構(gòu)造,組成物質(zhì);condemnation譴責(zé),指責(zé);configuration結(jié)構(gòu),構(gòu)造,格局。ratherthan連接空格跟“bacteriaonMars(火星上的細(xì)菌)”,因此空格處應(yīng)該是“組成物質(zhì)”。

19.單選題

Whenwereachedthestation,thetrainhadstillnotarrived;sowe（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.neednottohurry

B.needn'thavehurried

C.neednottohavehurried

D.didnotneedtohurry

【答案】B

【解析】句意:我們到達(dá)火車站時(shí)，火車還沒到，所以我們本不必那么匆忙的。

語法題?？疾樘摂M語氣。根據(jù)句意可知空格處為與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣,。needn’thavedone表示“本來不需要做某事卻做了（對(duì)過去的虛擬）”，故選B。

20.單選題

Nooneknowswhowasthefirsttoinventthediceasweknowthem.Whatisremarkableisthattheyhaveremainedvirtuallyintactacrossnationalboundariesandallthroughtheage——smallcubesmarkedbydotsfrom1to6,soplacedthatthesumofthedotsonoppositesidesequals7.DicemuchlikethoseusedtodaywerefoundinChinainunearthedculturalrelicsdatingfrom600BCandinancientEgyptiantombsdatingfrom2000BC,aswellasintheruinsofBabylon.TheplayingofdicewaspopularinGreeceandevenmoresoinRome,anddicewereusedthroughouttheMiddleAges.Inthesimplestplaywithdiceeachplayerthrows,orshoots,forthehighestsum.InChinaandintheUnitedStatesthemostpopulardicegameisplayedwithtwodice.

Thenumberofrandomnumbersthatcanbeexpressedbytwodiceisverylimited;thenumberare:2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10.11and12,allelevenofthem.Themostprobablethrowis7.Theprobabilityof7issixtimesthatof12.Thereforeitwouldbeidealifanewkindofdicecouldbeinventedwithanequaldistributionofchancesforeachnumber.Well,suchdicehavealreadybeeninventedbyaBritishamateurastronomerbythenameAires.Thenewversion.

whichtheinventorcalls“heartbreakdice”，alsoconsistsoftwodice.Butthenumberofrandomnumbersthatcanbeexpressedbythenewdiceismorethanthreetimesthatofthetraditionalones,andthechancesforeachnumberarestrictlyequal.

1.Accordingtopassageone,theChinesehadplayeddice（

）.

2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutdiceinChinaistrue?

3.Inregardtothenewkindofdice,wecantellthat（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.morethan2500yearsbefore.

B.3400yearsearlierthanEgyptianshaddoneso

C.intheMiddleAges

D.justalittleearlierthanChristwasborn

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.DiceinancientChinawerequitedifferentfromdicetoday

B.DiceinChinaareverydifferentfromtheonesusedinothercountries

C.InChina,peopleneverplaydicegameswithonlyonedice

D.TheaimofplayingdicegamesinChinaisthesameastheonesinothercountries——togetthehighestsum

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.theideaisn’tpractical

B.itwasalsonamed“Aires”thoughit’snowcalled“heartbreakdice”.

C.it’sfamousfortheequaldistributionofchancesforeverypossiblenumber

D.italsousesdigitsfrom1to6

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:D

第3題:C

【解析】1.判斷推理題。第一段指出:DicemuchlikethoseusedtodaywerefoundinChinainunearthedculturalrelicsdatingfrom600BCandinancientEgyptiantombsdatingfrom2000BC....(在中國，骰子最早發(fā)現(xiàn)于公元前600年的出土文物中，其外形和如今所用的骰子相似)。故A項(xiàng)“2500年前”正確。

2.判斷推理題。A:古中國的骰子和如今的骰子大不相同,根據(jù)第一段中“DicemuchlikethoseusedtodaywerefoundinChinainunearthedculturalrelicsdatingfrom600BCandinancientEgyptiantombsdatingfrom2000BC....(在中國，骰子最早發(fā)現(xiàn)于公元前600年的出土文物中，其外形和如今所用的骰子相似)”可知A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。B:中國的骰子和其他國家的骰子不同,文章并未提及。C:在中國，人們從不用一個(gè)骰子,雖然第一段指出:InChinaandintheUnitedStatesthemostpopulardicegameisplayedwithtwodice(中國與美國的骰子游戲用的是兩個(gè)骰子),這并不能退出選項(xiàng)C。D:中國骰子游戲的目的和其他國家一樣，都是為獲得最大點(diǎn)數(shù),根據(jù)第一段中的“Inthesimplestplaywithdiceeachplayerthrows,orshoots,forthehighestsum(骰子最簡(jiǎn)單的玩法就是玩家投擲篩子以獲得最大點(diǎn)數(shù))”可知D正確。因此本題選D。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。文章最后一句話為:....thechancesforeachnumberarestrictlyequal(每個(gè)數(shù)字出現(xiàn)的概率相同),因此C項(xiàng)“因能夠平均分配每個(gè)可能出現(xiàn)的數(shù)據(jù)而著名”正確。

21.單選題

（

）mycolleagueandmyself,I’dliketogiveawarmwelcometoyouall.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Onbehalfof

B.Onaccountof

C.Inplaceof

D.Inmemoryof

【答案】A

【解析】句意:我代表我的同事和自己，向你們表示熱烈的歡迎。

考查短語辨析。onbehalfof代表,為了;onaccountof因?yàn)?inplaceof代替;inmemoryof紀(jì)念…。因此A符合句意。

22.單選題

ThereasonHollywoodisanaturalplaceformakingmoviesis（

）thesunshinesthereeveryday.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.why

B.which

C.that

D.because

【答案】C

【解析】句意:好萊塢作為電影制作自然之地的原因在于那里每天都有太陽照射。

語法題?？疾閺木涞倪B接詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知空格引導(dǎo)表語從句,而且該引導(dǎo)詞不在表語從句中作任何成分,故C正確。

23.單選題

Itwasurgentthathe（

）herimmediately.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.calls

B.called

C.call

D.wouldcall

【答案】C

【解析】句意:情況緊急，他應(yīng)該立刻呼叫她。

固定句式。itis/was+adj+從句,其中主語從句一般用should+動(dòng)詞原形，should可以省略。

24.單選題

Lifeisinterestingtopeoplewho（

）themselvestonewideas.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.present

B.exhibit

C.expose

D.explain

【答案】C

【解析】句意:對(duì)于讓自己接觸新觀點(diǎn)的人而言，生活是有意思的。

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。Present把…交給,頒發(fā),授予,提出,提交;exhibit展覽,陳列,展示;expose使面臨,使暴露,使曝光,常與to連用表示“使接觸……，使受到……的影響”;explain說明,解釋。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞newideas(新觀點(diǎn))可知C符合句意。

25.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingshortEnglishpassagesintoChinese,whichshouldbewrittenonyourAnswerSheet.

Manypeoplehavebeendeeplyinfluencedbythesekindsofpronouncements,andhavegraduallybeguntochangetheirwayoflifeasaresult.Theyareexercisingmore,havegivenuporcutdownsmoking,andhavealsobeguntoeatmorehealthily.

Ontheonehand,doctorswarnthateatingtoomuchmeatisacauseofheartdiseaseandhighbloodpressure,andontheothersaythateatingvegetablesandfruithelpstosustainhealth.Manypeoplehavegivenupmeatasamatterofprinciple.Somebelievethatitiswrongtokilllivingthings,orbelievethatbecauseraisinganimalsneedsmorelandthangrowingvegetablecrops,itisawasteoftheworld'sscarceresourcestoeatmeat.

【答案】很多人已深受這些類型的聲明的影響，結(jié)果他們已逐漸開始改變自己的生活方式。他們正在做更多的鍛煉，已放棄或減少吸煙，并且也開始更健康地飲食。

一方面，醫(yī)生警告稱食肉過多是心臟病和高血壓發(fā)生的一個(gè)原因。另外一方面,醫(yī)生稱吃蔬菜和水果有助于維持健康。許多人因?yàn)樵瓌t問題己放棄吃肉。一些人認(rèn)為殺害生物是不對(duì)的，或認(rèn)為因?yàn)轱曫B(yǎng)動(dòng)物比種植蔬菜作物需要更多的土地，所以吃肉是對(duì)世界稀少資源的一種浪費(fèi)。

26.單選題

Hisbreakingoftherulessetadangerous（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.custom

B.precedent

C.practice

D.usage

【答案】B

【解析】句意:他違反了規(guī)則,開了一個(gè)危險(xiǎn)的先例。

考查名詞辨析。Custom風(fēng)俗,習(xí)慣,習(xí)性,經(jīng)常光顧;precedent實(shí)例,范例;先前出現(xiàn)的事例,前例,先例;practice練習(xí),實(shí)行,習(xí)慣;usage使用,用法,慣例。因此B符合句意。

27.單選題

（

）theaccident,theywouldhavearrivedearlier.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Exceptfor

B.Butfor

C.Besides

D.Savefor

【答案】B

【解析】句意:要不是這個(gè)事故，他們會(huì)更早地到達(dá)。

考查短語辨析。exceptfor除了……以外;butfor要不是;besides此外，而且;savefor除…之外。句子后半句“theywouldhavearrivedearlier”為對(duì)過去的虛擬,那次推測(cè)空格處應(yīng)該表示“要不是”。

28.單選題

Aresomepeoplebornclever,andothersbornstupid?Orisintelligencedevelopedbyourenvironmentandourexperience?Strangelyenough,theanswertothesequestionsisyes.Tosomeextentourintelligenceisgiventousatbirth,andnoamountofeducationcanmakeageniusoutofachildbornwithlowintelligence.Ontheotherhand,achildwholivesinaboringenvironmentwilldevelophisintelligencelessthanonewholivesinrichandvariedsurroundings.Thusthelimitsofperson'sintelligencearefixedatbirth,whetherornothereachesthoselimitswilldependonhisenvironment.Thisview,nowheldbymostexperts,canbesupportedinanumberofways.

Itiseasytoshowthatintelligenceistosomeextentsomethingwearebornwith.Thecloserthebloodrelationshipbetweentwopeople,theclosertheyarelikelytobeinintelligence.Thusifwetaketwounrelatedpeopleatrandomfrompopulation,itislikelythattheirdegreeofintelligencewillbecompletelydifferent.If,ontheotherhand,wetaketwoidenticaltwins,theywillverylikelybeasintelligentaseachother.Relationslikebrothersandsisters,parentsandchildren,usuallyhavesimilarintelligence,andthisclearlysuggeststhatintelligencedependsonbirth.

Imaginenowthatwetaketwoidenticaltwinsandputthemindifferentenvironments.Wemightsendone,forexample,toauniversityandtheothertoafactorywheretheworkisboring.Weshouldsoonfinddifferenceinintelligencedeveloping,andthisindicatesthatenvironmentaswellasbirthplaysapart.Thisconclusionisalsosuggestedbythefactthatpeoplewholiveinclosecontactwitheachother,butwhoarenotrelatedatallarelikelytohavesimilardegreeofintelligence.

1.Thewriterisinfavoroftheviewthataman'sintelligenceisgiventohim（

）.

2.Ifachildisbornwithlowintelligence,hecan

（

）.

3.Inthesecondparagraph“ifwetaketwounrelatedpeopleatrandomfrompopulation”meansifwe

（

）.

4.Theexampleofthetwinsgoingtoauniversityandtoafactoryseparatelyshows

（

）.

5.Thebesttitleofthispassagecouldbe（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.atbirth

B.througheducation

C.bothatbirthandthrougheducation

D.neitheratbirthnorthrougheducation

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.becomeagenius

B.stillbecomeageniusifheisgivenspecialeducation

C.reachhisintellectuallimitsinrichsurroundings

D.notbecomeintelligentinhislife

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.pickanytwopeople

B.takeouttwodifferentpeople

C.choosetwopeoplewhoarerelatives

D.choosetwopeoplewithdifferentintelligence

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.theimportanceoftheirintelligence

B.theroleofenvironmentonintelligence

C.theimportanceoftheirpositions

D.thepartthatbirthplays

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.surroundings

B.intelligence

C.thedependenceonenvironment

D.theeffectofeducation

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第一段指出:Tosomeextentourintelligenceisgiventousatbirth…(在一定程度上，我們的智力水平是先天決定的…),Ontheotherhand,achildwholivesinaboringenvironmentwilldevelophisintelligencelessthanonewholivesinrichandvariedsurroundings(另一方面，一個(gè)生活在單調(diào)乏味環(huán)境中的孩子比一個(gè)生活在豐富多彩的環(huán)境中的孩子有更少的智力發(fā)展),由此可知C項(xiàng)“先天條件和后天教育共同決定了一個(gè)人的智力水平”符合作者觀點(diǎn)。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。A:成為天才,B:如果接受特殊教育，還是能夠成為天才的,由第一段中的“Tosomeextentourintelligenceisgiventousatbirth,andnoamountofeducationcanmakeageniusoutofachildbornwithlowintelligence(在一定程度上,我們的智力水平是先天決定的。沒有什么樣的教育能夠讓一個(gè)天生智力水平低下的孩子變成一個(gè)天才)”可知A和B錯(cuò)誤。C:可以在豐富多彩的環(huán)境中達(dá)到其智力的上限,D:在他的一生中都不能變聰明,由第一段中的“Thusthelimitsofperson'sintelligencearefixedatbirth,whetherornothereachesthoselimitswilldependonhisenvironment(因此，每個(gè)人的智力的上限是先天決定的，而后天的環(huán)境決定了一個(gè)人能否讓自己的智力達(dá)到上限)”可知C項(xiàng)正確,D錯(cuò)誤。

3.語義題。第二段中心句為:Itiseasytoshowthatintelligenceistosomeextentsomethingwearebornwith(很容易證明人的智力水平是天生的),隨后便通過實(shí)驗(yàn)證明這一中心句?！癷fwetaketwounrelatedpeopleatrandomfrompopulation”所在句為:Thusifwetaketwounrelatedpeopleatrandomfrompopulation,itislikelythattheirdegreeofintelligencewillbecompletelydifferent(如果…，那么很有可能這兩個(gè)人的智力水平完全不同),由此可知A“任意挑選兩個(gè)人”與題干句語義最接近。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干"thetwinsgoingtoauniversityandtoafactoryseparately”定位至第三段。第三段主題句為:Thisconclusionisalsosuggestedbythefactthatpeoplewholiveinclosecontactwitheachother,butwhoarenotrelatedatallarelikelytohavesimilardegreeofintelligence(兩個(gè)沒有親屬關(guān)系但親密接觸的人很有可能擁有相同的智力水平，這一事實(shí)也暗示了前面的結(jié)論)。因此可知第三段是為了論證后天環(huán)境對(duì)個(gè)人智力發(fā)展的重要作用,故選B“環(huán)境在智力發(fā)展中所扮演的角色”。

5.主旨大意題。文章論證的是先天因素和后天環(huán)境在個(gè)人智力發(fā)展中所扮演的角色。故選B“智力”。

29.單選題

Itusedtobe——inpopularimagination,ifnotalwaysinreality——thatitwasthemanofthehousewhototedthetoolbelt,fixingaleakyfaucethereandrepairingaholeinthedrywallthere,whileoverseeinghomeimprovements,fromnewbookshelvestoroomadditions.Itseemedpartofourevolutionarydevelopmentasatool—usingspeciesthatitwasmen,alone,whowouldprowltheaislesofhardwarestores.

Demographicschange.WomenaccounttodayforfullyhalfoftheU.S.S140billionretailhardwareandhomeimprovementindustrysalesintheUnitedStates.Theyhavebeenmotivatedbythedo-it-yourselfmovementthatbeganintheearly1980s,andbychangingeconomicandsocialrealitiesthathavemadewomenmoreself-reliant.Homeimprovementtelevisionshows,specialtymagazines,teachingclinics,andevenwebsitescatertothesedo-it-yourselfers,understandingthatwomenarethe“instigators”ofhomeimprovementprojectswhetherornotthereisamaninthehouse.Thecommonwisdomintheindustryisthatwomenhavesignificantcontrolnotonlyoverselectionofproducts,butalsooverthehouseholdbudget.

1.Whichofthefollowingcanbestsumlipthepassage?

2.Womenaretakinguphomerepairsmoreandmorejustbecause（

）.

3.Wecanguessfromcontextcluesthattheword4lotote”means

（

）.

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Womennowcanworkonhomeimprovementallbythemselves,notneedingmen’shelp.

B.Womenarenowbecomingexpertsathomeimprovement.

C.It’swomen,notmen,whonowgotohardwarestores.

D.Womenarebornbetterathomerepairs.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.menareunwillingtodoit

B.womenhavebeenfoundtobemoretalentedatit

C.womenareaffectedbycertainthoughtsandmovement

D.womanwanttodemonstratethattheyaresuperiortomen

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.torepair

B.tocarry

C.tosell

D.tobuy

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Womenhaven'ttakenuphomeimprovementatall

B.Nowadays,mendon’tworkonhomeimprovementanymore.

C.Moreandmorewomennowmakeeffortstobecomedo-it-yourselfers.

D.Mencan’tbetheinstigatorofhomeimprovements.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。文章最主要討論的是女性所扮演的角色的變化:之前不參與家居環(huán)境改進(jìn)相關(guān)的工作，現(xiàn)在主要依靠自己對(duì)家居環(huán)境進(jìn)行改進(jìn)，并決定產(chǎn)品的選擇和家庭預(yù)算。因此B項(xiàng)“如今，女性變得善于進(jìn)行家居環(huán)境改進(jìn)”比較能概括文章大意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。第二段指出:Theyhavebeenmotivatedbythedo-it-yourselfmovementthatbeganintheearly1980s,andbychangingeconomicandsocialrealitiesthathavemadewomenmoreself-reliant(受20世紀(jì)80年代初期的‘自己動(dòng)手’運(yùn)動(dòng)的推動(dòng)和變化的經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)的影響，女性更多的是依靠自己)。故選C項(xiàng)“女性受到了某些思想和運(yùn)動(dòng)的影響”。

3.詞義題?！皌otote”出現(xiàn)在第一句:Itusedtobe——inpopularimagination,ifnotalwaysinreality——thatitwasthemanofthehousewhototedthetoolbelt,fixingaleakyfaucethereandrepairingaholeinthedrywallthere,whileoverseeinghomeimprovements,fromnewbookshelvestoroomadditions(過去,…的通常是一個(gè)家庭中的男性，雖然現(xiàn)實(shí)不一定如此，但至少在大家的觀念里是這樣的。包括在這兒修理一個(gè)漏水龍頭，在那兒填補(bǔ)干墻上的一個(gè)洞，與此同時(shí)還要監(jiān)督家居的環(huán)境改進(jìn)，從購置新書架到其他房間布置物)。分析句子可知,whototedthetoolbelt作定語修飾“男性”,通過后面的“在這兒修理一個(gè)漏水龍頭…”推斷totedthetoolbelt應(yīng)該表示“攜帶工具腰帶”,因此四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中與“totote”意思最接近的應(yīng)該是B。

4.判斷推理題。第二段指出:Theyhavebeenmotivatedbythedo-it-yourselfmovementthatbeganintheearly1980s,andbychangingeconomicandsocialrealitiesthathavemadewomenmoreself-reliant(受20世紀(jì)80年代初期的‘自己動(dòng)手’運(yùn)動(dòng)的推動(dòng)和變化的經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)的影響，女性更多的是依靠自己),由此推斷C項(xiàng)“如今，越來越多的女性努力成為自己動(dòng)手者”符合原文。

30.單選題

AlthoughAmericaninstitutionshaveanunquestionableprestigeinthe（

）academicmarketplace,theirhistorywasnotcomparablewiththatoftheBritishones.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.curricular

B.contemporary

C.communicative

D.conceptual

【答案】B

【解析】句意:盡管美國的院校在當(dāng)代學(xué)術(shù)論壇上有無可置疑的聲望，但是它們的歷史卻比不上英國院校的歷史。

考查形容詞辨析。Curricular課程的;contemporary屬同時(shí)期的,同一時(shí)代的,當(dāng)代的;communicative樂意溝通的,語言交際能力的;conceptual概念(上)的,觀念(上)的。因此B符合句意。

31.單選題

TheMartTwainBoyhoodHomeandMuseuminHannibal,Missouri,isthe（

）ofthegreatwriter.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.restoredchildhoodhome

B.homerestoredofchildhood

C.homewherechildhoodrestored

D.restoredhomeofhischildhood

【答案】A

【解析】句意:馬克吐溫童年故居博物館在密蘇里州的漢尼拔，它也是這位偉大作家整修后的童年故居。

語法題。考查定語排列順序。restored“修葺一新的”和childhood“童年時(shí)期”分別做前置定語修飾home。故選A

32.單選題

Mathematicsaswellasothersubjects（

）ascience.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.was

B.is

C.are

D.belongto

【答案】B

【解析】句意:如其它學(xué)科一樣，數(shù)學(xué)是一門科學(xué)。

語法題?？疾橹髦^一致。名詞+aswellas/nolessthan/but/except/with/like+其他名詞做主語吋，謂語與第一個(gè)名詞一致。Mathematics(數(shù)學(xué))為單數(shù)，故謂語動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)該用三單形式。