住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-西南政法大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

CampaigningontheIndianfrontierisanexperiencebyitself.Neitherthelandscapenorthepeoplefindtheircounterpartsinanyotherportionoftheglobe.Valleywallsrisesteeplyfiveorsixthousandfeetoneveryside.Thecolumnscramthroughamazeofgiantcorridorsdownwhichfiercesnow-fedtorrentsfoamunderskiesofbrass.Amidthesescenesofsavagebrilliancytheredwellsaracewhosequalifiesseemtoharmonizewiththeirenvironment.Exceptatharvest-time,whenself-preservationrequiresatemporarytruce,thePathantribesarealwaysengagedinprivateorpublicwar.Everymanisawarrior,apoliticianandatheologian.Everylargehouseisarealfeudalfortressmade,itistrue,onlyofsun-bakedclay,butwithbattlements,turrets,loopholes,drawbridges,etc.Complete.Everyvillagehasitsdefence.Everyfamilycultivatesitsvendetta;everyclan,itsfeud.Thenumeroustribesandcombinationsoftribesallhavetheiraccountstosettlewithoneanother.Nothingiseverforgotten,andveryfewdebtsareleftunpaid.Forthepurposesofsociallife,inadditiontotheconventionaboutharvest-time,amostelaboratecodeofhonourhasbeenestablishedandisonthewholefaithfullyobserved.Amanwhoknewitandobserveditfaultlesslymightpassunarmedfromoneendofthefrontiertoanother.Theslightesttechnicalslipwould,however,befatal.ThelifeofthePathanisthusfullofinterest;andhisvalleys,nourishedalikebyendlesssunshineandabundantwater,arefertileenoughtoyieldwithlittlelabourthemodestmaterialrequirementsofasparsepopulation.

Intothishappyworldthenineteenthcenturybroughttwonewfacts;therifleandtheBritishGovernment.Thefirstwasanenormousluxuryandblessing;thesecond,anunmitigatednuisance.TheconvenienceoftheriflewasnowheremoreappreciatedthanintheIndianhighlands.Aweaponwhichwouldkillwithaccuracyatfifteenhundredyardsopenedawholenewvistaofdelightstoeveryfamilyorclanwhichcouldacquireit.Onecouldactuallyremaininone'sownhouseandfileatone'sneighbournearlyamileaway.Onecouldlieinwaitonsomehighcrag,andathithertounheard-ofrangeshitahorsemanfarbelow.Evenvillagescouldfireateachotherwithoutthetroubleofgoingfarfromhome.Fabulouspriceswerethereforeofferedforthesegloriousproductsofscience.Rifle-thievesscouredallIndiatoreinforcetheeffortsofthehonestsmuggler.Asteadyflowofthecovetedweaponsspreaditsgenialinfluencethroughoutthefrontier,andtherespectwhichthePathantribesmenentertainedforChristiancivilizationwasvastlyenhanced.

TheactionoftheBritishGovernmentontheotherhandwasentirelyunsatisfactory.Thegreatorganizing,advancing,absorbingpowertothesouthwardseemedtobelittlebetterthanamonstrousspoil-sport.IfthePathanmadeforaysintotheplains,notonlyweretheydrivenback(whichafterallwasnomorethanfair),butawholeseriesofsubsequentinterferencestookplace,followedatintervalsbyexpeditionswhichtoiledlaboriouslythroughthevalleys,scoldingthetribesmenandexactingfinesforanydamagewhichtheyhaddone.Noonewouldhavemindedtheseexpeditionsiftheyhadsimplycome,hadafightandthengoneawayagain.Inmanycasesthiswastheirpracticeunderwhatwascalledthe“butcherandboltpolicy"towhichtheGovernmentofIndialongadhered.Buttowardstheendofthenineteenthcenturytheseintrudersbegantomakeroadsthroughmanyofthevalleys,andinparticularthegreatroadtoChitral.Theysoughttoensurethesafetyoftheseroadsbythreatsbyfortsandbysubsidies.Therewasnoobjectiontothelastmethodsofarasitwent.Butthewholeofthistendencytoroad-makingwasregardedbythePathanswithprofounddistaste.Allalongtheroadpeoplewereexpectedtokeepquiet,nottoshootoneanother,andaboveallnottoshootattravelersalongtheroad.Itwastoomuchtoask,andawholeseriesofquarrelstooktheiroriginfromthissource.

1.Theworddebtsin"veryfewdebtsareleftunpaid"infilefirstparagraphmeans（

）.

2.WhichoffilefollowingisNOToneofthegeographicalfactsabouttheIndianfrontier?

3.Accordingtothepassage,thePathanswelcomed（

）.

4.BuildingroadsbytheBritish（

）.

5.Asuitabletitleforthepassagewouldbe（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.loans

B.accounts

C.killings

D.bargains

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Meltingsnows

B.Largepopulation

C.Steephillsides

D.Fertilevalleys

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.theintroductionoftherifle

B.thespreadofBritishrule

C.theextensionofluxuries

D.thespreadoftrade

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.putanendtoawholeseriesofquarrels

B.preventedthePathansfromcomingonfeuds

C.lessenedthesubsidiespaidtothePathans

D.gavethePathansamuchquieterlife

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.CampaigningontheIndianFrontier

B.WhythePathansResentedtheBritishRule

C.ThePopularityofRiflesamongthePathans

D.ThePathansatWar

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.詞義題。根據(jù)原文內(nèi)容可知，“debts”不是指?jìng)鶆?wù),而是上文提及的“Everyfamilycultivatesitsvendetta;everyclan,itsfeud.Thenumeroustribesandcombinationsoftribesallhavetheiraccountstosettlewithoneanother.每個(gè)家庭和氏族都有世仇恩怨，長(zhǎng)期不和。眾多的部落和部落的組合形成了怨怨相報(bào)的惡性循環(huán)局面?！彼赃x項(xiàng)C正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“ThelifeofthePathanisthusfullofinterest;andhisvalleys,nourishedalikebyendlesssunshineandabundantwater,arefertileenoughtoyieldwithlittlelabourthemodestmaterialrequirementsofasparsepopulation.帕坦人的生活充滿了樂(lè)趣，山谷被無(wú)盡的陽(yáng)光和充沛的水滋養(yǎng)著，肥沃得幾乎不需要?jiǎng)趧?dòng)就能生產(chǎn)出稀少人口所需的適量物資?！庇纱丝芍?選項(xiàng)B與原文中“sparsepopulation”不符。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段第三句“TheconvenienceoftheriflewasnowheremoreappreciatedthanintheIndianhighlands.”步槍的便捷性在印度高地最受歡迎。選項(xiàng)A正確。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段的最后一句...awholeseriesofquarrelstooktheiroriginfromthissource.一系列的爭(zhēng)吵就是從這個(gè)源頭開(kāi)始的?！笨芍x項(xiàng)A錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)“Theysoughttoensurethesafetyoftheseroadsbythreats,byfortsandbysubsidies.他們?cè)噲D通過(guò)威脅、筑堡壘和發(fā)放補(bǔ)貼來(lái)確保這些道路的安全?！笨芍x項(xiàng)C也錯(cuò)誤；選項(xiàng)D在文中沒(méi)有提及；根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)第二句“Allalongtheroadpeoplewereexpectedtokeepquiet,nottoshootoneanother,andaboveallnottoshootattravelersalongtheroad.一路上人們都被要求保持安靜，不要互相射擊,最重要的是不要向沿途的行人開(kāi)槍?！笨陀^上來(lái)說(shuō),阻止了帕坦人之間的仇恨,所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

5.主旨大意題。結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要描述的都是和帕坦人相關(guān)，所以首先排除選項(xiàng)A，范圍太廣；選項(xiàng)B和C只是文中提到的細(xì)節(jié)，不夠全面；只有選項(xiàng)D最能概括全文主旨，所以正確。

2.單選題

Radarisusedtoextendthe（

）ofman'ssensesforobservinghisenvironment,especiallythesenseofvision.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.validity

B.liability

C.capability

D.intensity

【答案】C

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)validity“有效性，正確性”；B選項(xiàng)liability“責(zé)任，可能性”；C選項(xiàng)capability“才能，能力”；D選項(xiàng)intensity“強(qiáng)度”。句意：雷達(dá)是用來(lái)擴(kuò)展人們觀察環(huán)境的感知能力，特別是視覺(jué)感知能力。選項(xiàng)C符合語(yǔ)境。

3.單選題

Sleepisveryancient.Intheelectroencephalographicsenseweshareitwithalltheprimatesandalmostalltheothermammalsandbirds:itmayextendbackfarasthereptiles.

Thereissomeevidencethatthetwotypesofsleep,dreaminganddreamless,dependonthelife-styleoftheanimal,andthatpredatorsarestatisticallymuchmorelikelytodreamthanprey,whichareinturnmuchmorelikelytoexperiencedreamlesssleep.Indreamsleep,theanimalispowerfullyimmobilizedandremarkablyunresponsivetoexternalstimuli.Dreamlesssleepismuchshallower,andwehaveallwitnessedcastordogscockingtheirearstoasoundwhenapparentlyfastasleep.Thefactthatdeepdreamsleepisrareamongpreytodayseemsclearlytobeaproductofnaturalselection,anditmakessensethattoday,whensleepishighlyevolved,thestupidanimalsarelessfrequentlyimmobilizedbydeepsleepthanthesmartones.Butwhyshouldtheysleepdeeplyatall?Whyshouldastateofsuchdeepimmobilizationeverhaveevolved?

Perhapsoneusefulhintabouttheoriginalfunctionofsleepistobefoundinthefactthatdolphinsandwhalesandaquaticmammalsingeneralseemtosleepverylittle.Thereis,byandlarge,noplacetohideintheocean.Coulditbethat,ratherthanincreasingananimal’svulnerability,thefunctionofsleepistodecreaseit?WilesWebboftheUniversityofFloridaandRayMeddisofLondonUniversityhassuggestedthistobethecase.Itisconceivablethatanimalswhoaretoostupidtobequietontheirowninitiativeare,duringperiodsofhighrisk,immobilizedbytheimplacablearmofsleep.Thepointseemsparticularlyclearfortheyoungofpredatoryanimals.Thisisaninterestingnotionandprobablyatleastpartlytrue.

1.Accordingtothepassage,thephenomenonofsleepiscommontowhichofthefollowinggroupsoflivingbeings?

2.Theauthorstatesthatduringdreamsleep,theanimalsleeps（

）.

3.Theauthorsuggeststhat,becausetherearenohidingplacesintheoceans,whalesanddolphins

（

）.

4.Theauthorimpliesthat,iftheydidnotsleep,babiesofhuntinganimalsmight（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.All-ancientanimals.

B.Primatesonly.

C.Four-fooledbeastsonly.

D.Mostmammalsandbirds

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.withoutmoving

B.shallowly

C.intermittently

D.onitsside

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.sleeponlywhentheyareveryyoung

B.cannotaffordtosleepverymuch

C.usuallydreamwhileawake

D.taketurnssleeping

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.bemoreawareofdanger

B.makenoiseatthewrongtimes

C.failtogrowproperly

D.beabletocatchmorefood

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Intheelectroencephalographicsenseweshareitwithalltheprimatesandalmostalltheothermammalsandbirds:itmayextendbackfarasthereptiles.腦電圖顯示，我們和所有的靈長(zhǎng)類動(dòng)物以及幾乎所有其他的哺乳動(dòng)物和鳥(niǎo)類都會(huì)睡覺(jué)。由此可知，選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Indreamsleep,theanimalispowerfullyimmobilizedandremarkablyunresponsivetoexternalstimuli.在睡夢(mèng)中，動(dòng)物被強(qiáng)有力地固定住，對(duì)外界刺激毫無(wú)反應(yīng)?！彼赃x項(xiàng)A符合原文。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“whalesanddolphins”定位到第三段首句“Perhapsoneusefulhintabouttheoriginalfunctionofsleepistobefoundinthefactthatdolphinsandwhalesandaquaticmammalsingeneralseemtosleepverylittle.或許關(guān)于睡眠原始功能的一個(gè)有力暗示發(fā)現(xiàn)了“海豚、鯨魚(yú)和水生哺乳動(dòng)物似乎總是睡得很少”這一事實(shí)。選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段倒數(shù)二三句“Itisconceivablethatanimalswhoaretoostupidtobequietontheirowninitiativeare,duringperiodsofhighrisk,immobilizedbytheimplacablearmofsleep.Thepointseemsparticularlyclearfortheyoungofpredatoryanimals.”那些由于太笨而本能上不能保持安靜的動(dòng)物，在危險(xiǎn)的時(shí)刻，會(huì)被睡眠這一無(wú)法緩和的武器固定住。這一點(diǎn)對(duì)于幼小的食肉動(dòng)物來(lái)說(shuō)似乎特別明顯。也就是說(shuō)，幼小的食肉動(dòng)物在危險(xiǎn)時(shí)刻無(wú)法保持安靜，即在不恰當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)機(jī)發(fā)出聲音，所以選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

4.單選題

Mr.Chenoften（

）hisspeech.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tumbles

B.stumbles

C.rumbles

D.fumbles

【答案】D

【解析】形近詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)tumble“摔倒”；B選項(xiàng)stumble“躊躇”；C選項(xiàng)rumble“隆隆作響”；D選項(xiàng)fumble“笨手笨腳地做；笨嘴拙舌地說(shuō)話”。句意：陳先生經(jīng)常在演講的時(shí)候笨嘴拙舌地說(shuō)話。選項(xiàng)D符合語(yǔ)境。

5.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish

夫妻財(cái)產(chǎn)同樣屬于共同財(cái)產(chǎn)。

刑法不得溯及既往。

法院駁回了原告的訴訟主張。

他對(duì)債務(wù)負(fù)主要責(zé)任。

本合同的任何改動(dòng)或修正必須作為書(shū)面方能產(chǎn)生效力。

【答案】Maritalpropertyisalsopartofthecommonproperty.

Thecriminallawshallnotberetroactive.

Thecourtrejectedtheplaintiffsclaim.

Hewasmainlyresponsibleforthedebt.

Anychangesormodificationofthiscontractmustbewritteninordertobeeffective.

6.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish

確定目的后，原告必須考慮在什么法院起訴最能實(shí)現(xiàn)其目的。他必須在聯(lián)邦法院起訴?在州法院?或兩者可選其一?若在州法院，在哪一州?若在聯(lián)邦法院，該在全國(guó)86個(gè)轄區(qū)中的哪個(gè)區(qū)？在此存在許多考量，有些過(guò)于技術(shù)的我們便不在本文中論及。然而，并非所有案件的原告都會(huì)面臨選擇難題。如上所述，有些案件只能在聯(lián)邦法院提起，且事實(shí)上只能在一所特定的聯(lián)邦法院.。

【答案】Aftermakinghisdecision,theplaintiffmustconsiderhowtoselectadequatecourttosue,e.g.thefederalcourt,stateoneorthosearethetwoalternatives.Ifgoingtothestatecourt,heneedthinkaboutchoosingwhich;orthefederalcourt,hehastochooseadistrictfromnational’s86jurisdictions.Becausetherearemanyfactorstobeestimated,itisnotconvenientforustodiscusssomeknowhowsherein.Butnotallplaintiffsshouldbefacedwiththedilemma.Asstated,atypeofcasemaybeheardonlyinthefederalcourt,andinfactonlyinaspecialone.

7.單選題

Oneoftheproblemstheyhavetodealwithisthe（

）ofplasticcontainers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.disposal

B.dissolution

C.disposition

D.disappearance

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)disposal“處理”；B選項(xiàng)dissolution“分解，溶解”；C選項(xiàng)disposition“性情，傾向”；D選項(xiàng)disappearance“消失”。句意：他們必須處理的問(wèn)題之一是塑料容器的處理。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

8.單選題

Howfastisyourpersonalcomputer?Whenpeopleaskthisquestion,theyaretypicallyreferringtothefrequencyofaminusculeclockinsidethecomputer,acrystaloscillatorthatsetthebasicrhythmusedthroughoutthemachine.Inacomputerwithaspeedofonegigahertz（千兆赫），forexample,thecrystal"licks”abilliontimesasecond.Everyactionofthecomputertakesplaceintinysteps,eachabillionthofasecondlong.Asimpletransferofdatamaytakeonlyonestep;complexcalculationsmaytakemanysteps.Alloperations,however,mustbeginandendaccordingtotheclock’stimingsignals.

Becausemostmodemcomputersuseasinglerhythm,wecallthemsynchronous.Insidethecomputer’smicroprocessorchip,aclockdistributionsystemdeliversthetimingsignalsfromthecrystaloscillatortothevariouscircuits,justassoundinairdeliversthebeatofadrumtosoldierstosettheirmarchingpace.Becauseallpartsofthechipsharethesamerhythm,theoutputofanycircuitfromonestepcanserveastheinputtoanyothercircuitforthenextstep.Thesynchronizationprovidedbytheclockhelpschipdesignersplansequencesofactionsforthecomputer.

Theuseofacentralclockalsocreatesproblems.Asspeedshaveincreased,distributingthetimingsignalshasbecomemoreandmoredifficult.Present-daytransistorscanprocessdatasoquicklythattheycanaccomplishseveralstepsinthetimethatittakesawiretocarryasignalfromonesideofthechiptotheother.Keepingtherhythmidenticalinallpartsofalargechiprequirescarefultotheother.Keepingtherhythmidenticalinallpartsofalargechiprequirescarefuldesignandagreatdealofelectricalpower.Wouldn’titbenicetohaveanalternative?

OurresearchgroupatSunMicrosystemsLaboratoriesseekssuchalternatives.Alongwithseveralothergroupsworldwide,weareinvestigatingwaystodesigncomputingsystemsinwhicheachpartcanproceedatitsownpaceinsteadofdependingontherhythmofacentralclock.Wecallsuchsystemsasynchronous.Eachpartofanasynchronoussystemmayextendorshortenthetimingofitsstepswhenwalkingacrossroughterrain.

1.Whatdeterminestherhythmofthepersonalcomputer?

2.Whydoestheauthormentionsoundinairinthesecondparagraph?

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasadisadvantageoftheuseofacentralclock?

4.Theword“alternative”means（

）.

5.Wecaninferfromthearticlethat（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Analarmingclock.

B.Acrystaloscillator.

C.Complexcalculations.

D.Theclock’stimingsignals.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Toillustratethetimingsignalsaredeliveredinasimilarwaysoundtravelsinair.

B.Toshowusthattimingsignals’speedcanbeasfastasthatofsound.

C.Becausethewaveoftimingsignalsissimilartothesoundwave.

D.Becausesoundisdeliveredbytimingsignals.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Distributingthetimingsignalsismoredifficultwhenspeedsarehigher.

B.Ithastotakeawiretocarryasignalfromonesideofthechiptotheother.

C.Carefuldesignisnecessarytokeeptherhythmidenticalinallpartsofalargechip.

D.Agreatdealofelectricalpowerisrequiredtoawholechipsynchronous.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.method

B.substitute

C.answer

D.machine

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.thestructureofanasynchronoussystemisdifferentfromthatofasynchronoussystem.

B.thecentralclocksetstherhythmofpartsofanasynchronoussystem

C.eachpartofanasynchronoussystemcanchangetherhythmofthecentralclock.

D.searchingforbetterreplacementforthesynchronoussystemisaninternationalproblem.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Howfastisyourpersonalcomputer?Whenpeopleaskthisquestion,theyaretypicallyreferringtothefrequencyofaminusculeclockinsidethecomputer,acrystaloscillatorthatsetthebasicrhythmusedthroughoutthemachine.你的電腦有多快？當(dāng)人們問(wèn)這個(gè)問(wèn)題時(shí)，他們通常指的是計(jì)算機(jī)內(nèi)部一個(gè)微小時(shí)鐘的頻率，它是一個(gè)晶體振蕩器，設(shè)定了整個(gè)機(jī)器使用的基本節(jié)奏。”由此可知，選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文句意“在計(jì)算機(jī)的微處理器芯片中，一個(gè)時(shí)鐘分配系統(tǒng)將晶體振蕩器發(fā)出的定時(shí)信號(hào)傳送到各個(gè)電路中，就像鼓聲通過(guò)空氣傳播給士兵，以此來(lái)確定他們行進(jìn)的步伐一樣。”由此可推斷，這里提到鼓聲在空氣中傳播是為了說(shuō)明定時(shí)信號(hào)的傳遞和聲音在空氣中傳播的方式是類似的，所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Asspeedshaveincreased,distributingthetimingsignalshasbecomemoreandmoredifficult.隨著速度的提高，定時(shí)信號(hào)的分配變得越來(lái)越困難。”選項(xiàng)A符合原文；根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句“Keepingtherhythmidenticalinallpartsofalargechiprequirescarefuldesignandagreatdealofelectricalpower.要使一個(gè)大芯片的所有部件都保持相同的節(jié)奏，需要精心的設(shè)計(jì)和大量的電力?！边x項(xiàng)C和D符合原文。選項(xiàng)B是由于速度過(guò)快導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果而不是缺點(diǎn)，所以不正確，本題選B。

4.詞義題。結(jié)合原文內(nèi)容可知，“alternative”意為“替代品”，選項(xiàng)B與之意思相近。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“OurresearchgroupatSunMicrosystemsLaboratoriesseekssuchalternatives.Alongwithseveralothergroupsworldwide,我們?cè)谔?yáng)微系統(tǒng)實(shí)驗(yàn)室的研究組正在尋找這樣的替代品。和世界上其他幾個(gè)組織一起...”由此可推斷，尋找更好的同步系統(tǒng)替代品是一個(gè)國(guó)際性問(wèn)題，選項(xiàng)D正確。選項(xiàng)A，B，C均是事實(shí)，不是推導(dǎo)出來(lái)的，所以不符合題意。

9.單選題

Thegovernmentofficialsestimatethatthewarhascreatedmorethanhalfamillion（

）whoneedimmediatefood,clothingandshelter.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.exiles

B.hostages

C.survivors

D.refugees

【答案】D

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)exile“放逐，流放”；B選項(xiàng)hostage“人質(zhì)，抵押品”；C選項(xiàng)survivor“幸存者”；D選項(xiàng)refugee“難民，逃亡者”。句意：政府官員估計(jì)，戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)導(dǎo)致50多萬(wàn)難民急需食物、衣服和住所。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

10.單選題

Thephonehasrungsooftentodaythatitisbecomea/an（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.interruption

B.frustration

C.distress

D.nuisance

【答案】D

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)interruption“中斷，干擾”；B選項(xiàng)frustration“挫折”；C選項(xiàng)distress“危難，不幸”；D選項(xiàng)nuisance“麻煩事”。句意：今天電話響了很多次，真煩人。選項(xiàng)D符合句意。

11.單選題

The（

）windinthisareaisfromthenortheast.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.prevailing

B.controlling

C.reigning

D.persisting

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)prevailing“盛行的，流行的”；B選項(xiàng)controlling“控制欲強(qiáng)的”；C選項(xiàng)reigning“統(tǒng)治的”；D選項(xiàng)persisting“堅(jiān)持”。句意：這個(gè)地區(qū)盛行的風(fēng)是東北風(fēng)。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

12.單選題

Onlya（

）personwouldbelievesuchanunlikelystoryaboutflyingsaucers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.credible

B.credulous

C.nonsensical

D.creditable

【答案】B

【解析】形容詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)credible“可靠的，可信的”；B選項(xiàng)credulous“輕信的，易受騙的”；C選項(xiàng)nonsensical“無(wú)意義的，荒謬的”；D選項(xiàng)creditable“值得稱贊的”。句意：只有易受騙的人才會(huì)相信這樣一個(gè)關(guān)于飛碟的不大可能的故事。選項(xiàng)B符合語(yǔ)境。

13.單選題

Mybrotherisapainterandworksina（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.studio

B.stall

C.senate

D.stage

【答案】A

【解析】名詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)studio“工作室，畫(huà)室”；B選項(xiàng)stall“貨攤”；C選項(xiàng)senate“參議院”；D選項(xiàng)stage“舞臺(tái)”。句意：我的兄弟是個(gè)畫(huà)家，在一個(gè)畫(huà)室工作。選項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境。

14.單選題

（

）bytheheavyclothes,hefailedtojumpontothemediumsizedtable.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Hampered

B.Prevented

C.Facilitated

D.Encountered

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)Hamper“妨礙，束縛”；B選項(xiàng)Prevent“預(yù)防，阻止”；C選項(xiàng)Facilitate“促進(jìn)，幫助”；D選項(xiàng)Encounter“遭遇，邂逅”。句意：受到厚衣服的束縛，他沒(méi)能跳上中等大小的桌子。選項(xiàng)A符合語(yǔ)境。

15.單選題

NineofthetencampusesoftheUniversityofCalifornia—ledbyBerkeley―onceagainmadeitintoanannualrankingoftheworld’sleadinguniversities.All’swellinCaliforniahighereducation,itmightseem.

ButthatisnotwhatPatBrownorClarkKerrwouldsay,weretheyalivetoday.Theywere,respectively,governorofthestateandpresidentoftheUniversityofCaliforniain1960,whenCaliforniaadopteda“masterplan''thatbecameaninternationalmodel.Theiraimwasnotonlytohaveexcellentpublicuniversities,buttogivethestate’spopulationnearlyuniversalandfreeaccesstothem.Somepupilswouldso-calledcommunitycollegesforatwo-yearvocationalprogramme,othersoneofthe(now23)campusesoftheCaliforniaStateUniversity,andthebestmightgotoaUCcampus.

Inordertoassureaccessforall,tuitionchargeswerebanned—only“fees”forsomecostsotherthaneducationwereallowed.Mostfundingwastocomefromtaxpayers.Thepremisewasthathighereducationwasapublicgoodforthestate,whichwasnursingitsownfutureentrepreneursandtaxpayers.AsMr.Kerrputit,theuniversitieswere“bait”tobehunginfrontofindustry,withdrawingpowergreaterthanlowtaxesorcheaplabor.’’

Thatconsensushasbeenoverturned.In1990,thestatepaid78%ofthecostofeducatingeachstudent.Thatratiodroppedto47%lastyear,andwillfallevenmoreduringthecurrentacademicyear,afterthelatestroundofbudgetcuts,overseenbyJerryBrown,thecurrentgovernorandsonofPatBrown.Insomeways,CaliforniahasnowinvertedtheprioritiesoftheolderBrown’sera.Spendingonprisonspassedspendingonuniversitiesinaround2004.

Thishasledtoconcernsthatpublicuniversitiesmightlosetheirexcellence.Ittakesmoneytoattractthebestprofessors,andthebeststudentsfollowthem.Analternativetoworsepublicuniversities,however,isquasi-privatizedones.ThatseemstobetheroutetakeninCalifornia.

Thusstudentswillthisyear,forthefirsttime,paymorefortuitionthanthestategivesinfunding.ThisfollowsyearsoftuitionfeeincreasesfarsteeperthantheaverageatAmericanpublicuniversities.AplaceataUCcampuscaneasilynowcost$13,000,or$31000includinghousing,givenCalifornia’shighcosts.

Toraiseotherrevenues,thevariouscampusesalsoadmitevermoreout-of-statestudents(whopaythreetimesmore)and,targetrichgraduatesformoredonations.Ledbythebusinessandlawschools,theybehaveincreasinglylikeprivateuniversities,inotherwords.Thisstrategyretainspocketsofexcellence.Butitalsorunscountertothephilosophyofthemasterplan,bypricingevermoreCalifornianfamiliesoutofaplace.Thestatenowranks41stinthenumberofcollegedegreesawardedforevery100ofitshighschoolgraduates.

1.PatBrownandClarkKerrattemptedtosetupexcellentpublicuniversities,aswellas（

）.

2.WhatdoesMr.Kerrimplybysaying“bait”tobehunginfrontofindustry(Line4,Para.3)?

3.Whatistheconcernonthepublicuniversitiessincethestatespendingonuniversitieshasdropped?

4.CampusesinCaliforniareceivestudentsfromotherstatesforthepurposeof

（

）.

5.WhatcanweinferfromthepassageabouthighereducationinCalifornia?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.buildinganinternationalmodelofuniversitiesaroundtheworld

B.competingwiththeso-calledcommunitycollegesinthestate

C.offeringcommonandfreeaccesstouniversitiestothestate'spopulation

D.providingatwo-yearvocationalprogramforthestate'spopulation

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Theuniversitiesfosterto-beelitesforindustry

B.Thetuitionfeesarebannedintheuniversities

C.Thehighereducationisastatewelfare

D.Theuniversitiesaremoreattractivethanlowtaxesorcheaplabor.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Tobeunabletoattractthebestprofessors

B.Tobeunabletomaintaintheirexcellence

C.Tobehigh-priced

D.Tobequasi-privatized

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.gettingmoredonations

B.behavinglikeprivateuniversities

C.makingupshortageofgraduates

D.improvingotherearnings

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.ChildrenfromCalifornianfamiliescan’tobtaintheeducationduetothehighcosts.

B.Ithasmovedtowardsprivateuniversitiesalongwithitsdevelopment.

C.Itisonlynursingitsownfutureentrepreneursandtaxpayers.

D.Itproducesfewercompanyfounders,inventorsandtaxpayers.

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“PatBrownandClarkKerr”定位到第二段的內(nèi)容“Theiraimwasnotonlytohaveexcellentpublicuniversities,buttogivethestate’spopulationnearlyuniversalandfreeaccesstothem.他們的目標(biāo)不僅是擁有優(yōu)秀的公立大學(xué)，而且要讓該州的人口幾乎可以免費(fèi)進(jìn)入這些大學(xué)。”選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“bait”所在句子的上文“Thepremisewasthathighereducationwasapublicgoodforthestate,whichwasnursingitsownfutureentrepreneursandtaxpayers.前提是高等教育是全州的一種公共利益，為未來(lái)培養(yǎng)自己的企業(yè)家和納稅人?！币簿褪钦f(shuō)，大學(xué)是掛在工業(yè)面前的“誘餌”指的是大學(xué)培養(yǎng)工業(yè)精英。選項(xiàng)A符合原文。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段首句“Thishasledtoconcernsthatpublicuniversitiesmightlosetheirexcellence.”這導(dǎo)致人們擔(dān)心公立大學(xué)可能會(huì)失去它們的優(yōu)勢(shì)。也就是無(wú)法保持自己的優(yōu)勢(shì)，選項(xiàng)B符合原文。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Toraiseotherrevenues,thevariouscampusesalsoadmitevermoreout-of-statestudents.為了增加其他收入，各個(gè)校區(qū)還招收了越來(lái)越多的外州學(xué)生。”選項(xiàng)D符合原文。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句“Ledbythebusinessandlawschools,theybehaveincreasinglylikeprivateuniversities,inotherwords.換句話說(shuō)，在商學(xué)院和法學(xué)院的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，它們（州立大學(xué)）的行為越來(lái)越像私立大學(xué)?！边x項(xiàng)B符合原文。選項(xiàng)A和C表述均不正確，選項(xiàng)D在文中沒(méi)有提及。

16.單選題

Workingfarawayfromhishome,hehadto（

）fromOxfordtoLondoneveryday.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.commute

B.wander

C.ramble

D.motion

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)commute“通勤，往返于”；B選項(xiàng)wander“徘徊，漫步”；C選項(xiàng)ramble“閑逛”；D選項(xiàng)motion“運(yùn)動(dòng)”。句意：他在離家很遠(yuǎn)的地方工作，每天不得不往返于牛津和倫敦之間。選項(xiàng)A符合句意。

17.單選題

Theactress（

）thetermsofhercontractandwassuedbytheproducer.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.isolated

B.signed

C.implemented

D.violated

【答案】D

【解析】動(dòng)詞辨析題。A選項(xiàng)isolated“使孤立，使分離”；B選項(xiàng)signed“署名，寫(xiě)下”；C選項(xiàng)implemented“實(shí)施，執(zhí)行”；D選項(xiàng)violated“違反”。句意：這位女演員違反了合同條款，被制片人告上了法庭。選項(xiàng)D更符合語(yǔ)境。

18.單選題

I'veheardthatyouaregoingto（

）theboss'sjobwhensheretires.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.putupwith

B.putinfor

C.putoutto

D.putinon

【答案】B

【解析】詞組辨析題。A選項(xiàng)putupwith“忍受，容忍”；B選項(xiàng)putinfor“申請(qǐng)”；C選項(xiàng)putoutto“拿出去”；D選項(xiàng)putinon沒(méi)有此搭配。句意：我聽(tīng)說(shuō)你打算在老板退休后申請(qǐng)（接替）她的職位。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

19.單選題

Everystreethadastory,everybuildingamemory.Thoseblessedwithwonderfulchildhoodscandrivethestreetsoftheirhometownsandhappilyrollbacktheyears.Therestarepulledhomebydutyandleaveassoonaspossible.AfterRayAtleehadbeeninClanton(hishometown)forfifteenminuteshewasanxioustogetout.

Thetownhadchanged,butthenithadn't.Onthehighwaysleadingin,thecheapmetalbuildingsandmobilehomesweregatheringastightlyaspossiblenexttotheroadsformaximumvisibility.Thistownhadnozoningwhatsoever.Alandownercouldbuildanythingwithnopermit,noinspection,nonoticetoadjoininglandowners,nothing.Onlyhogfarmsandnuclearreactorsrequiredapprovalsandpaperwork.Theresultwasaslash-and-buildclutterthatgotuglierbytheyear.

Butintheoldersections,nearerthesquare,thetownhadnotchangedatall.ThelongshadedstreetswereascleanandneataswhenRayroamedthemonhisbike.Mostofthehouseswerestillownedbypeopleheknew,orifthosefolkshadpassedonthenewownerskeptthelawnsclippedandtheshutterspainted.Onlyafewwerebeingneglected.Ahandfulhadbeenabandoned.

ThisdeepinBiblecountry,itwasstillanunwrittenruleinthetownthatlittlewasdoneonSundaysexceptgotochurch,sitonporches,visitneighbours,restandrelaxthewayGodintended.

Itwascloudy,quitecoolforMay,andashetouredhisoldturf,killingtimeuntiltheappointedhourforthefamilymeeting,hetriedtodwellonthegoodmemoriesfromClanton.TherewasDizzyDeanParkwherehehadplayedlittleLeagueforthePirates,andtherewasthepublicpoolhe'dswumineverysummerexcept1969whenthecitycloseditratherthanadmitblackchildren.Therewerethechurches-Baptist.MethodistandPresbyterian-facingeachotherattheintersectionofSecondandElmlikewarysentries,theirsteeplescompetingforheight.Theywereemptynow.butinanhourorsothemorefaithfulwouldgatherforeveningservices.

Thesquarewasaslifelessasthestreetsleadingtoit.Witheightthousandpeople,Clantonwasjustlargeenoughtohaveattractedthediscountstoresthathadwipedoutsomanysmalltowns.Butherethepeoplehadbeenfaithfultotheirdowntownmerchants,andtherewasn'tasingleemptyorboarded-upbuildingaroun