restrictiverelativeclauseThemanlivesnexttous.Themanisapoliceofficer.Theman

wholivesnexttousisapoliceofficer.先行詞關(guān)系詞定語從句引導(dǎo)定語從句代替先行詞在從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成分Thisisabook.Thebookinterestsalargenumberofpeople.Thisisabook

which

interestsalargenumberofpeople.先行詞關(guān)系詞定語從句引導(dǎo)定語從句代替先行詞在從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成分關(guān)系詞關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞whowhomthatwhichwhosewhenwherewhy關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞（who,whom,which,that,whose）關(guān)系代詞指人指物在定語從句中的作用Who√主語賓語Whom√賓語Which√主語賓語that√√主語賓語/表語whose√√定語＊whose的先行詞指人時(shí),可用ofwhom代替,即whose+名詞=the+n+ofwhom=ofwhom+the+n.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.=Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivors

__________________hadbeendestroyed.==Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivors

__________________hadbeendestroyed.thehomesofwhomofwhomthehomes＊whose的先行詞指物時(shí),可用ofwhich代替,即whose+名詞=the+n+ofwhich=ofwhich+the+n.Helivesintheroom,whosewindow

facessouth.=Helivesintheroom,

facessouth.=Helivesintheroom,

facessouth.thewindowofwhich

ofwhichthewindow1.Thewomanwillshowusaround.Wesawherattheschoolgate.Thewoman(who/whom/that)wesawattheschoolgatewillshowusaround.2.Thereisonepoint.Wemustinsistonthispoint.Thereisonepoint(that/which)wemustinsiston.

Headmiredthisfamousscientist,about

whomwehadheardmanystories.3.Headmiredthisfamousscientist.Wehadheardmanystoriesabouthim.Isthatthenewspaperfor

whichyouoftenwritearticles?4.Isthatthenewspaper?

Youoftenwritearticlesforit.herthispointhimit先行詞充當(dāng)從句賓語1.Thewomanwillshowusaround.Wesawherattheschoolgate.Thewoman(who/whom/that)wesawattheschoolgatewillshowusaround.先行詞充當(dāng)從句賓語介詞+關(guān)系代詞注意：Hehasalittleson.Hehastolookafterhim.Hehasalittleson(who/whom/that)hehastolookafter.

他有個(gè)需要照看的小兒子。不能說成：Hehasalittlesonafterwhomhehastolook.himlookafterJackisnolongeralazyboy.Heusedtobealazyboy.Jackisnolongerthelazyboythatheusedtobe.先行詞充當(dāng)從句表語alazyboy關(guān)系副詞Thisisthefactory.Iworkedinthefactorytenyearsago.Thisisthefactory__________Iworkedtenyearsago.Theschoolisnearapark.Mysonstudiesinthisschool.Theschool___________mysonstudiesisnearapark.關(guān)系副詞where地點(diǎn)狀語wherewherewhere引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾表示地點(diǎn)的名詞,并在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語,相當(dāng)于“介詞+關(guān)系代詞(which)”。這就是我兩年前住的房子。ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.inwhich(=inthehouse)=EliasfirstmetMandelain1952.In1952hewas12yearsold.

EliasfirstmetMandelain1952,_______hewas12yearsold.Thedaysaregoneforever.Weusedforeignoilduringthosedays.Thedays

________weusedforeignoilaregoneforever.關(guān)系副詞when時(shí)間狀語whenwhenwhen引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾表示時(shí)間的名詞,并在定語從句中作時(shí)間狀語,相當(dāng)于“介詞+關(guān)系代詞(which)”。我永遠(yuǎn)也不會(huì)忘記我入團(tuán)的那一天。I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheleague.onwhich(=ontheday)=Therearemanyreasons.Forthereasonspeopleliketraveling.Therearemanyreasons________peopleliketraveling.關(guān)系副詞why原因狀語whywhy引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾表示原因的名詞,并在定語從句中作原因狀語,相當(dāng)于“介詞+關(guān)系代詞(which)”。這就是他來晚的原因。Thisisthereasonwhyhecamelate.=forwhich(=forthereason)

RelativeAdverbs:(關(guān)系副詞)Whenwherewhy引導(dǎo)定語從句,并在從句中作狀語.time時(shí)間狀語place地點(diǎn)狀語reason原因狀語why(=for

which)where(=in/at

which)when(=at/in/on

which)FunctionintheclauseReferringtoTherelativeadverb(關(guān)系副詞）1.Thisisthefactory_______________myfatheronceworked.2.I’llneverforgetthedays_____________weworkedtogether.3.Iwenttotheplace_______________Iworkedtenyearsago.4.Thisisthereason_______________hewaslate.where/inwhichwhy/forwhichwhen/inwhichwhere/inwhichHomework

that和which以下情況，引導(dǎo)詞用that，不用which。1.先行詞為不定代詞everything，something,nothing,anything或由all,any,

few,little，much等修飾時(shí)，常用關(guān)系代詞that來引導(dǎo)定語從句。2.先行詞前有theonly,thevery,thelast等修飾時(shí)，常用關(guān)系代詞that來引導(dǎo)定語從句。

3.先行詞前有形容詞最高級(jí)、序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)，用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)定語從句。4.先行詞同時(shí)指人和物時(shí)，用that。5.當(dāng)先行詞前面有who,which等疑問代詞時(shí)用that。6.當(dāng)先行詞在主句中作表語，而關(guān)系代詞在從句中也作表語時(shí)。

1.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,______surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.A.whichBthatCthisD.it以下情況，引導(dǎo)詞用which，不用that:1)逗號(hào)后面(非限制性定語從句)2)介詞后面2.Theday______hewasbornwasAug.20,1995.A.onwhichBthatCwhichD.thisPracticeThisisthebestfilm_______I’veseen.Thatisthelastlesson______Igaveyou.Thisistheverybook______I’mafter.Theonlything

_______mattersistofindourwayhome.5.Hetalkedhappilyaboutthemenandbooks_____interestedhimgreatlyintheschool.(that)(that)(that)thatthat6.Everything______yousaidistrue.7.Whichisthebook_____youwant?8.Whoisthegirl______sitsthere?9.Thehousein______weliveisnotbig.10.All_____issaidbyhimistrue.11.Arethereanyproblems____troubleyou?12.Thetree,_______isfourhundredyearsold,isveryfamoushere.(that)(that)thatwhichthatthatwhich

who和whomwho既可在從句中用作主語，也可用作賓語；whom只作賓語。whom可以置于介詞后，who不可。Thegirl__________________ImetisMsLi.2.Thegentlemanabout_______youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief.3.Theman_________standsthereisTom.(who/whom/that)who/thatwhomAnyone_____breaksthelawispunished.Those

_____breakthelawarepunished.He

_____breaksthelawispunished.在anyone,one,those（指人）作先行詞時(shí),一般用“who”;在he/she/I/they作先行詞時(shí),用“who”;在非限制性定語從句中，用“who”

。whowhowho

who和thatThisnotewasleftbyXiaoWu,_____washereamomentago.who＊whose的先行詞指人時(shí),可用ofwhom代替,即whose+名詞=the+n+ofwhom=ofwhom+the+n.Theboy,whosebrotherisateacher,issittingoverthere.=Theboy,__________________isateacher,issittingoverthere.=Theboy,___________________isateacher,issittingoverthere.thebrotherofwhomofwhomthebrother

whose＊whose的先行詞指物時(shí),可用ofwhich代替,即whose+名詞=the+n+ofwhich=ofwhich+the+n.Helivesintheroom,whosewindowfacessouth.=Helivesintheroom,

facessouth.=Helivesintheroom,facessouth.thewindowofwhich

ofwhichthewindow

PracticeTheman_________standsthereisTom.Thegirl________________ImetisMsLi.Theboy________watchwaslostisTom.Thebook_________liesonthedeskishis.Thepen___________youboughtisgood.Themagazine________coverisredisnice.who/that(who/whom/that)whosewhich/that(which/that)whose1.Thewomangotthejob.

ThewomancanspeakRussian.Thewoman

who/that

canspeakRussian

gotthejob.2.

Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.

Theteacherisfamous.Theteacherwho/that

isfamouswillgiveusatalk.3.Theladysteppedonhisfoot.

Hewasdancingwiththelady.Thelady(who/whom/that)

hewasdancingwithsteppedonhisfoot.4.Doyouknowtheman?

Youwillvisithimtoday.Doyouknowtheman(who/whom/that)youwillvisittoday?Theladywith

whom

hewasdancingsteppedonhisfoot.5.Thescientistisveryfamousintheworld.

Wemetheryesterday.Thescientist

(who/whom/that)

wemetyesterdayisveryfamousintheworld.

6.Thedressisnew.Sheiswearingit.Thedress(which/

that)sheiswearingisnew.7.Heisakindperson.

Ihaveeverworkedwithhim.

8.Thisisthebestfilm.

Ihaveeverseenthisfilm.Heisthekindperson(who/whom/that)

Ihaveeverworkedwith.Thisisthebestfilmthat

Ihaveeverseen.HeisthekindpersonwithwhomIhaveeverworkedwith.Attention!

一、定語從句中的主謂一致問題

關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時(shí)，從句的動(dòng)詞在人稱和數(shù)方面應(yīng)該與它的先行詞保持一致。

1.Iamnotonewho______afraidofdifficulty．2.Don’tchooseme,who_______notfitforthisjob．

isam

1.Thisisoneofthebestbooks_______.A.thathaveeverbeenwrittenB.thathaseverbeenwrittenC.thathaswrittenD.thathavewritten2.Sheistheonlyoneofthegirls___wellinclass.A.whichsingsB.whosingC.whosingsD.whomsings

3.Heisoneoftheboyswho______presentatthemeetingnow.4.Heistheonlyoneofthemwho______presentatthemeetingnow.5.Heistheoneofthemwho______presentatthemeeting.areisisPractice1.Isthisfactory____wevisitedlastweek?D2.Isthisthefactory____wevisitedlastweek?A、whereB、thatC、towhichD、theoneB解題關(guān)鍵：如果是疑問句式，將其轉(zhuǎn)化為陳述句式。Exercises3.Those____arepresentarewell.4.Isthisfactory_______hevisited?5.Isthisthefactory_____________hevisited?6.Thefirstthing______weshoulddoistoworkoutaplan.7.Lookatthemanandhisdonkey______arewalkingupthestreet.whotheone(which/that)thatthatPractice二、先行詞在定從中的不同成分,引導(dǎo)詞不同:a.

Thisistheplacewhereheworks.

Thisistheplacewhich(that)

wevisitedlastyear.b.Thatwasthetime

when

hearrived.

Doyoustillrememberthedaysthat(which)wespenttogether?c.Thisisthereasonwhy/forwhichhewent.

Thereasonthat(which)hegaveuswasquitereasonable.1)Shesaysthatshe’llneverforgetthetime________she’sspentworkingasasecretaryinourcompany.A.whichB.when

C.how D.where2)Shesaysthatshe’llneverforgetthetime________sheworksasasecretaryinourcompany.A.whichB.when

C.how D.where3)Ourcompanywillmovetoatallbuilding_______weboughtlastmonth.A.whichB.when

C.how D.where4)Ourcompanywillmovetoatallbuilding_______hasjustbeencomplete.A.whichB.when

C.how D.where5)Ourcompanywillmovetoatallbuilding_______weworkedtwoyearsago.A.where B.when

C.that D.which1.Isthisthecountry____aterribleearthquakehasjustoccurred?A.thatB.whereC.whichD.theone2.Isthisfactory___someforeignfriendsvisitedlastFriday?A.thatB.whereC.whichD.theoneExercise3.Ishallneverforgetthoseyears__Iliveinthefarm__youvisitedlastweek.A.when;whereB.which;whichC.when;whichD.which;where4.Doyouknowthereason___hewaslate?A.forwhichB.forwhatC.whichD.that5.Maythefourthistheday____weChinesepeoplewillneverforget.A.whichB.whenC.onwhichD.aboutwhich6.Isthatthereason___youareinfavoroftheproposal?A.whichB.whatC.whyD.forthat7.Ilikethesecondfootballmatch____washeldlastweek.A.whichB.whoC.thatD./8.Iwillneverforgettheday____westudiedtogether.