B8U1OurlivingplanetWordtransformation(詞形轉換)geologicaladj.地質的→geologyn.地質學地質→geologistn.地質學家formationn.組成物；構成；編隊，隊形→formvt.構成，組成evolvevi.&vt.進化演化→evolutionn.進化,演化;發(fā)展soleadj.唯一的,僅有的→solelyadv.僅,只,單獨地reproductionn.生殖,繁殖;復制,錄制,復制品→reproducev.復制,再生產,再制造;使再次發(fā)生→reproductiveadj.生殖的;繁殖的scarceadj.稀少的,稀缺的→scarcelyadj.勉強,剛;幾乎不,簡直不pavevt.（用磚石）鋪（地）→pavementn.人行道;石板鋪的地面;路面gravitationaladj.引力的,重力引起的→gravityn.重力thrivevi.茁壯成長;蓬勃發(fā)展→thrivingadj.蓬勃發(fā)展的enlighteningadj.讓人受啟發(fā)的→enlightenedadj.開明的,有見識的,沒有偏見的→enlightenvt.開導,啟發(fā);闡明→enlightenmentn.啟發(fā),啟迪;開導,開明leapn.跳躍，跳高；驟變，激增vi.&vt.跳躍，突然做某事，驟增→過去式、過去分詞leapt-leaptspinvi.&vt.使快速旋轉；使急轉身；紡線n.高速旋轉→過去式、過去分詞spun-spun→現(xiàn)在分詞spinningtidaladj.潮汐的→tiden.潮汐rotationn.旋轉，轉動；旋轉的一周，一圈；輪換，交替→rotatevt旋轉，轉動；人員輪值換班minen.礦井，礦→minern.礦工，采礦者→mineraladj.礦物性的，含礦物的n.礦物質axisn.坐標軸，對稱中心線→復數(shù)axesReading(P2–5)advanceourunderstandingoftheuniverse提高我們對宇宙的認識exploretheunknown探索未知世界Itisestimatedthat據(jù)估算unusualgeologicalformations不同尋常的地質構造takeacloselookbeneaththewaves仔細地觀察海底thetwilightzone暮光區(qū)inequalmeasure在同等程度上liveinthisextremeenvironment生活在這種極端的環(huán)境中evolvefascinatingsurvivalcharacteristics進化出神奇的生存特征inordertoobtainfoodandavoidbeingcaught為了獲取食物和躲避被捕食increasethechancesofreproduction增加繁殖的可能性haveyettobeproperlystudied尚未被充分研究onreachingtheoceanfloor一到達海底befascinatedby對……著迷sth.remaintobeexplored有待探索pavethewayfor為……鋪平道路sparenoeffortindeep-seaexploration不遺余力進行海底勘探obtainnewinsightsintotheocean獲得對海洋的新的認識Grammarandusage（P6-7）tidalrecordslaiddowninancientrivermouths積存于古河口的潮汐記錄aspredictedbysomescientists正如一些科學家預測的那樣spinarounditsaxis自轉Itseemsthat…似乎Integratedskills(P8–10)theupcomingWorldMeteorologicalDay即將到來的世界氣象日with/inregard/respect/referenceto=regarding/concerning關于Toputitsimply,…簡言之，……Itis/hasbeenwidelyacceptedthat…人們普遍認為haveaprofoundimpacton…對…有深遠的影響Itisestimatedthat…據(jù)估計extremelyhotinsummer酷暑freezingcoldinwinter嚴冬celebrateMidsummer’sDay慶祝夏至日Extendedreading(P11–12)liebeneathyourfeet在腳下thepavementyouwalkon你走的人行道cracktheEarthopenlikeanegg像打破雞蛋一樣把地球敲開bebasedonanalyzingearthquakewaves以分析地震波為依據(jù)theintensepressureandheatinsidetheEarth地球內部的巨大壓力和熱量closeupadeephole堵上深洞drillintothemantle鉆入地幔betterunderstandthegeologyoftheEarth更好地了解地球的地質lookatexcitingpossibilitiesforlifeaboveground研究對地上生物而言令人激動的可能性helpsolvethestorageproblemofhydrogen有助于解決氫的儲存問題pavethewayforcarstorunonhydrogenfuel為氫燃料驅動的汽車鋪平道路cast/throw/shedlightontheoriginoflife讓人們了解生命的起源survivedeepundergroundwithoutsunlight在沒有陽光的地下深處生存bethrivingbeneaththesurfaceofMars在火星的表面之下繁衍生息leadtoexcitingandenlighteningdiscoveries帶來激動人心和有啟發(fā)性的發(fā)現(xiàn)makeafantasticjourneytothecenteroftheEarth開啟一趟前往地心的奇妙旅行attheboundarybetweentheEarth’scrustandthemantlebelow處于地殼和下面的地幔的分界處nottoworry別擔心，不必發(fā)愁Project&Assessment(P13–14)neverfailtoengagecuriousminds一直都能吸引好奇的人avastcountrywitharichdiversityofgeologicalwonders,rangingfrom…to…一個有著從…到…的豐富的地貌奇觀的泱泱大國gainaninsightinto了解洞察Importantsentences(重點句子)Ourcuriosityaboutouterspacehasremainedunshakeable.我們對太空的好奇心一直以來從未動搖。Sinkingbelow200meters,weenterthetwilightzone,wherethereislittlesunlightandthusalmostnoplantlife.下潛到200米以下，我們進人暮光區(qū)，這里沒有陽光，因此幾乎沒有植物。Whilethereislittlelifeatsuchgreatdepths,itisfarfromboring.雖然在如此深的地方幾乎沒有生命，但一點也不無聊。Withsomuchoftheoceanslefttoexplore,whoknowswhatwondersstillawaitusinthefuture.海洋還剩下這么多的地方要被探索，誰知道未來還有什么奇跡等著我們呢？SopowerfularesomeearthquakesthattheyarebelievedtoaltertheEarth’smass.地震的威力如此之大以至于它們被認為會改變地球的質量。（倒裝句）Toputitsimply,climateiswhatyoucanexpectbutweatheriswhatyouactuallyget.簡言之，氣候是你期望的二天氣是你實際擁有的。Inrecentyears,ithasbeenwidelyacceptedthathumanactivityisnowimpactingontheworld’sclimate.近年來，人們普遍認為人類活動現(xiàn)在正影響著世界氣候。Itisestimatedthatsealevelshaverisenby20centimeterssince1980.據(jù)估計，自1980年以來海平面已經上漲了20厘米。Themaincausewouldseemtobehumanactivityincreasingtheamountofgreenhousegases,whichhelptrapheatwithintheEarth’satmosphere.主要原因貌似是增加溫室氣體的人類活動，這些氣體幫助鎖住地球大氣層的熱量。TofindoutmoreabouttheEarth’smake-up,scientistshavedrilledverydeepholesbutnonehavereachedthemantleasyet.為了進一步弄清地球的構成，科學家已經鉆了非常深得洞，但至今還沒有一個到達地幔。Otherscientistshopeth