書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-廣州涉外經(jīng)濟職業(yè)技術學院考試押題卷含答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共100題)1.單選題

Wearewritingtothemanager______therepairsrecentlycarriedoutattheaboveaddress.

問題1選項

A.withtheexceptionof

B.withthepurposeof

C.withreferenceto

D.withaviewto

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項withtheexceptionof“除了……以外”，B項withthepurposeof“目的是……”，C項withreferenceto“關于，根據(jù)”，D項withaviewto“著眼于”。根據(jù)句子可知，therepairs是由過去分詞短語carriedoutattheaboveaddress修飾的名詞，說明信件的內容，所以推斷選項C符合上下文語境。句意：關于最近在上述地址進行的維修，我們致函經(jīng)理。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

2.單選題

Theycouldn’tseea____ofhopethattheywouldbesavedbyapassingship.

問題1選項

A.grain

B.span

C.sliced

D.gleam

【答案】D

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.grain谷物；谷粒B.span一段時間

C.sliced切成薄片D.gleam少量

【答案】D

【考查點】固定搭配。

【解題思路】固定搭配：agleamofhope“一線希望；一線生機”。由句意“他們看不到被一艘經(jīng)過的船救下的希望。”可知，該選項符合語境。因此選D。

【干擾項排除】A、B、C選項均不符合搭配。

【句意】他們看不出有一線希望能被過路的船救起。

3.單選題

Asamemberorthesociety,apersonshouldberesponsibleforanddedicatetothesociety.

問題1選項

A.answerfor

B.accountfor

C.chargefor

D.compensatefor

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項answerfor“對……負責”；B選項accountfor“對……做出解釋”；C選項chargefor“要價”；D選項compensatefor“賠償”。句意：作為社會的一員，一個人應該對社會負責，為社會奉獻。劃線部分beresponsiblefor是對……負責的意思。因此A選項正確。

4.翻譯題

Mydictionarydefineshappyas“l(fā)ucky”or“fortunate”,butIthinkabetterdefinitionofhappinessis“thecapacityforenjoyment.”Themorewecanenjoywhatwehave,thehappierweare.It’seasytooverlookthepleasurewegetfromlovingandbeingloved,thecompanyoffriends,thefreedomtolivewhereweplease,evengoodhealth.

Iaddedupmylittlemomentsofpleasureyesterday.FirsttherewassheerblisswhenIshutthelastlunchboxandhadthehousetomyself.ThenIspentanuninterruptedmorningwriting,whichIlove.Whenthekidscamehome,Ienjoyedtheirnoiseafterthequirtoftheday.Later,peacedescendedagain,andmyhusbandandIenjoyedanotherpleasure—intimacy.Sometimesjusttheknowledgethathewantsmecanbringmejoy.

【答案】

我的字典把幸福定義為“幸運”或“好運”。但是我想幸福更好的定義是“享受的能力”。我們越能享受所擁有的一切，我們就越快樂。我們很容易忽視從愛與被愛、朋友的陪伴、住在想住的地方的自由，甚至健康的身體中獲得的快樂。

我總結一下我昨天的幸福時刻：首先是我合上最后一個午餐飯盒，獨自在家時，我感到無比幸福；然后過了一個寫作不受干擾的上午，這令我愉快；等到孩子們回家，我享受安靜的一天過后他們吵鬧的聲音。不久，寧靜再次降臨，我和丈夫享受另一種快樂——親密。有時候，只要想到他需要我，就能給我?guī)砜鞓贰?/p>

5.單選題

Whenwedrovealong,wesawheavywispsofsmokefromfactorychimneys（）upintotheair.

問題1選項

A.ascending

B.fluctuating

C.spiraling

D.charging

【答案】A

【解析】ascendupinto...為固定搭配，表示“上升，升向”。這里指煙囪里的煙升向天空，選項A正確。

6.單選題

Maggieranbacktothekitchen,eggs（

）carefullyinherhands.

問題1選項

A.tobeheld

B.wereheld

C.held

D.holding

【答案】C

【解析】句意:馬吉跑回廚房，雞蛋小心地握在手中。

語法題。考查獨立主格。分析題干可知,句子前半句已完整,所以句子結構為主句加分句,或者主句加獨立主格結構?？崭裉幉豢赡転橹^語動詞。排除B。分句主語eggs“雞蛋”應該是被放在手上。A選項tobeheld表示的是一種目的，或者是將來要發(fā)生的事情，不符題意。C選項邏輯主語與動詞hold之間是被動關系，符合題意。

7.單選題

（）forthetimelyinvestmentfromthegeneralpublic,ourcompanywouldnotbeasthrivingasitis.

問題1選項

A.Haditnotbeen

B.Beitnot

C.Wereitnot

D.Shoulditnotbe

【答案】A

【解析】考査虛擬語氣。虛擬條件句是過去時，從句中吋態(tài)應往前推，為過去完成時。本句省略了if，所以需要將助動詞had提前。所以選項A正確。

8.單選題

AsmoreandmoreAfricanAmericansmovedawayfromsegregatedhousing,theyhadlessconnectiontothevernacularandmoreoccasiontospeakstandardAmericanEnglish.

問題1選項

A.restricted

B.isolated

C.outdated

D.exhausted

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.restricted限制，限定（數(shù)量、范圍等）B.isolated（使）隔離，孤立

C.outdated（新東西）使過時D.exhausted使筋疲力盡

【答案】B

【考查點】動詞辨析。

【解題思路】segregated的意思為“隔離并區(qū)別對待（不同種族、宗教或性別的人）”，這里指的是這些房屋和其他地方是隔離開的，非裔美國人就住在這片區(qū)域，isolated與之詞義相近，因此B選項正確。

【干擾項排除】A、C、D選項詞義與之不符。

【句意】隨著越來越多的非裔美國人搬離被隔開的住房，他們與當?shù)胤窖缘穆?lián)系越來越少，在更多場合中說標準的美式英語。

9.單選題

Noformofgovernmentintheworldis（）;eachsystemreflectsthehistoryandpresentneedsoftheregionorthenation.

問題1選項

A.dominant

B.influential

C.integral

D.drastic

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。dominant“顯性的，占優(yōu)勢的，統(tǒng)治的”；influential“有影響力的”；integral“積分的，完整的”；drastic“激烈的，猛烈的”。句意：世界上沒有任何一種政體是占統(tǒng)治地位的，每一種制度都反映了該地區(qū)或民族的歷史和現(xiàn)實需要。選項A符合題意。

10.單選題

Eventhoughtheevidenceisoverwhelming,ifonejurorisstill（）,thecasemustberetried.

問題1選項

A.present

B.skeptical

C.surprised

D.hungry

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項present“目前的；現(xiàn)在的”；B選項skeptical“懷疑的”；C選項surprised“驚喜的”；hungry“饑餓的”。句意：盡管證據(jù)是壓倒性的，但是如果一個陪審團仍有……，這案子就必須重審。詞組Eventhough是“盡管……但是……”的意思，與evidence“證據(jù)”能夠形成轉折的就是證據(jù)有誤或者還存在不明之處。故選B。

11.單選題

“Ineveryknownhumansocietythemale’sneedsforachievementcanberecognized.Inagreatnumberofhumansocietiesmen'ssurenessoftheirsexroleistiedupwiththeirright,orability,topracticesomeactivitythatwomenarenotallowedtopractice.Theirmalenessinfacthastobeunderwrittenbypreventingwomenfromenteringsomefieldorperformingsomefeat.”

ThisistheconclusionoftheanthropologistMargaretMeadaboutthewayinwhichtherolesofmenandwomeninsocietyshouldbedistinguished.

Iftalkandprintareconsidereditwouldseemthattheformalemancipationofwomenisfarfromcomplete.Thereisaflowofpublicationsaboutthecontinuingdomesticbondageofwomenandaboutthecomplicatedsystemofdefenseswhichmenhavethrownuparoundtheirhithertoacceptedadvantages,takingsometimestheobviousformofexclusionfromtypesofoccupationandsociablegroupings,andsometimesthemoresubtleformofautomaticdoubtoftheseriousnessofwomen’spretensionstothelevelofintellectandresolutionthatmen,itissupposed,bringtothebusinessofrunningtheworld.

Thereareagoodmanyobjectivepiecesofevidencefortheerosionofmen'sstatus.Inthefirstplace,thereisthewidespreadpostwarphenomenonofthewomanPrimeMinister,inIndia,SriLankaandIsrael.

Secondly,thereistheverylargeincreaseinthenumberofwomenwhowork,especiallymarriedwomenandmothersofchildren.Morediffuselytherearetheincreasinglynumerousconvergencesbetweenmaleandfemalebehavior:theapproximationtoidenticalstylesindressandcoiffure,thesharingofdomestictasks,andtheadmissionofwomentoallsortsofhithertoexclusivelymaleleisure-timeactivities.

Everyonecarriesroundwithhimafairlydefiniteideaoftheprimitiveornaturalconditionsofhumanlife.Itisacquiredmorebythestudyofhumorouscartoonsthanofarchaeology,butthatdoesnotmattersinceitisnotsignificantastheorybutonlyasanexpressionofinwardlyfeltexpectationsofpeople'ssenseofwhatisfundamentallyproperinthedifferentiationbetweentherolesofthetwosexes.Inthisrudimentarynaturalsocietymengoouttohuntandfishandtofightoffthetribenextdoorwhilewomenkeepthefiregoing.Amorousinitiativeisfirmlyreservedtotheman,whosetsaboutcourtshipwithaclub.

1.Thephrase“men’ssurenessoftheirsexrole”inthefirstparagraphsuggeststhatthey（

）.

2.ThethirdparagraphdoesNOTclaimthatmen

（

）.

3.Attheendofthelastparagraphtheauthoruseshumorousexaggerationinorderto

（

）.

4.Theusualideaofthecavemaninthelastparagraph

（

）.

5.TheopeningquotationfromMargaretMeadsumsuparelationshipbetweenmanandwomanwhichtheauthor（

）.

問題1選項

A.areconfidentintheirabilitytocharmwomen

B.taketheinitiativeincourtship

C.haveaclearideaofwhatisconsidered“manly”

D.tendtobemoreimmoralthanwomenare

問題2選項

A.preventwomenfromtakingupcertainprofessions

B.secretlyadmirewomen'sintellectandresolution

C.doubtwhetherwomenreallymeantosucceedinbusiness

D.forbidwomentojoincertainclubsandsocieties

問題3選項

A.showthatmenarestrongerthanwomen

B.carryfurthertheideasoftheearliestparagraphs

C.supportthefirstsentenceofthesameparagraph

D.disowntheideasheisexpressing

問題4選項

A.isbasedonthestudyofarchaeology

B.illustrateshowpeopleexpectmentobehave

C.isdismissedbytheauthorasanirrelevantjoke

D.provesthattheman,notwoman,shouldbethewooer

問題5選項

A.approvesof

B.arguesisnatural

C.completelyrejects

D.expectstogoonchanging

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:A

【解析】1.推理判斷題。題干詢問第一段中的“男人對自己的性別角色的確信”表明他們…‘’由第一段第二句“Inagreatnumberofhumansocietiesmen'ssurenessoftheirsexroleistiedupwiththeirrightorability,topracticesomeactivitythatwomenarenotallowedtopractice.在大量的人類社會里，男性對自己性別角色的確定與他們去實踐女性不被允許的活動的權利或能力聯(lián)系在一起?！贝_定C選項“對什么被看成是‘男子氣概’有清醒的認識”正確。

2.細節(jié)事實題。題干詢問‘第三段沒有提及…’。由第三段中“...takingsometimestheobviousformofexclusionfromtypesofoccupationandsociablegroupings,andsometimesthemoresubtleformofautomaticdoubtoftheseriousnessofwomen'spretensionstothelevelofintellectandresolutionthatmen,itissupposed,bringtothebusinessofrunningtheworld.有時采取明顯的（將女性）排除在某些職業(yè)和社會群體之外的方式；有時采取更微妙的方式去自動懷疑女性自稱達到被認為是男性為運行世界這個事業(yè)而帶來的智力和決斷水平的真正性?！贝_定B選項的“背地里羨慕女性的資料和決斷”在第三段中沒有提及，符合題意；A選項“阻止女性從事某些職業(yè)”、C選項“懷疑是否女性真正打算去在職業(yè)上獲得成功”及D選項“禁止女性加入某些俱樂部和社會團體”在第三段都有提及。。

3.細節(jié)事實題。題干詢問‘在最后一段的結尾，作者使用了幽默的夸張手法來達到….’。由最后一段第一句“Everyonecarriesroundwithhimafairlydefiniteideaoftheprimitiveornaturalconditionsofhumanlife.Itisacquiredmorebythestudyofhumorouscartoonsthanofarchaeology...每個人對原命或自然的乂類生活情況都有一個非常確切的想法，相比考古學，它（即有關人類原始或自然的狀況的想法）更多是通過研究幽默的卡通圖畫來獲得的”確定C選項“支持同一個段落第一句話”正確。

4.推理判斷題。題干詢問‘他在最后一段提到穴居人…’。由最后一段第二句“Itisacquiredmorebythestudyofhumorouscartoonsthanofarchaeology...相比考古學，它（即有關人類原始或自然的狀況的想法）更多是通過研究幽默的卡通圖畫來獲得的”確定A選項“基于研究考古學”與原文不符。由最后一段中“Inthisrudimentarynaturalsocietymengoouttohuntandfishandtofightoffthetribenextdoorwhilewomenkeepthefiregoing.在這種基本的自然社會里，男人出去打獵、捕魚和擊退臨近的部落，而女人保持爐火不滅（即負責家務）”確定B選項“描述了人們怎樣期盼男性去表現(xiàn)”正確。C選項“被作者以一個不相關的笑話而沒有考慮”及D選項“證明男人而非女人應該是追求者”在文中沒有提及。

5.推理判斷題。題干詢問‘瑪格麗特?米德的引言概括了作者對男女關系的理解的…’。由最后一段中“Itisacquiredmorebythestudyofhumorouscartoonsthanofarchaeology,butthatdoesnotmattersinceitisnotsignificantastheorybutonlyasanexpressionofinwardlyfeltexpectationsofpeople’ssenseofwhatisfundamentallyproperinthedifferentiationbetweentherolesofthetwosexes.相比考古學，它（即有關人類原始或自然的狀況的想法）更多是通過研究幽默的卡通圖畫來獲得的，但這個不重要，因為它不是作為理論而重要，而是作為一種內心感到的期望的表達，即人們感覺在兩性角色區(qū)別上什么在根本上是合適?！贝_定作者贊同MargretMead總結的在社會中男性和女性的角色應該被區(qū)分”，所以A選項“贊同”正確。

12.單選題

Aremarkmaybecompletely（

）whenitispassedonthroughdifferentmouths.

問題1選項

A.distorted

B.restored

C.recovered

D.misled

【答案】A

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。distort“歪曲，扭曲”；restore“修復，恢復”；recover“恢復，重新獲得”；mislead“誤導”。句意：當一種說法被不同人講述后會完全被扭曲。選項A符合題意。

13.單選題

Change—ortheabilitytoadaptoneselftoachangingenvironment—isessentialtoevolution.Thefarmerwhoselandisrequiredforhousingorindustrymustadapthimself.Hecanmovetoanotherplaceandmastertheproblemspeculiartoit;hecanchangehisoccupation,perhapsafteraperiodoftraining;orhecanstarvetodeath.Anationwhichcannotadaptitstradeordefenserequirementstomeetworldconditionsfaceseconomicormilitarydisaster.Nothingisfixedandpermanentlystable.Theremustbemovementforward,whichisprogressofasort,ormovementbackward,whichisdecayanddeterioration.

Inthiscontext,traditioncanbeaforceforgoodorforevil.Aslongasitoffersaguide(withoutinsistingthatitspathistheonlyone),ithelpstheignorantandtheuninformedtotakeastepforward,andthereby,toadaptthemselvestochangedcircumstances.Tradition,orcustom,canguidethehunteraseffectivelyasitcaninfluencethenervoushostess.Butifwemakeanidol(偶像、崇拜)oftradition,itceasestobecomeaguideandbecomesanobstaclelyingacrossthepathofchangeandprogress.Ifweinsistontryingtoplotthefuturebythepast,weclearlyhandicapourselvesandinvitefailure.Thebettercourseistoacceptthehelpwhichtraditioncangivebut,realizingthatitnecessarilyhasitsrootsinthepast,tobewellawareofitslimitationsinachangingworld.

1.Theauthormaintainsthatifwewanttogetalongwiththeworld(

).

2.Thefarmer'scaseinPara.1isgivenasanexampleof(

)

.

3.“Thehunterandthenervoushostess”inPara.2arereferringtopeoplewho()

4.Theauthorwarnsusthat（）

5.Thispassagemanlydiscussestherelationshipbetween（）

問題1選項

A.industrymustbedevelopedattheexpenseoffarmland

B.farmersmusttrytogetsomejobtraining

C.tradeanddefenseareessential

D.changeisindispensable

問題2選項

A.thetrendofeconomicdevelopment

B.thecourseofhumanevolution

C.theneedofadaptability

D.theimportanceofsocialchange

問題3選項

A.areignorantanduninformed

B.arewellawareofcustom'slimitations

C.becomeanobstacleonthepathofprogress

D.constitutetheforceforgood

問題4選項

A.itismisleadingtoaccepttraditionasaguide

B.excessivedevotiontotraditionmaybringustroubles

C.wemustaccepttheguidancetraditionoffersus

D.traditionisobstaclelyingonthepathofchange

問題5選項

A.industryandagriculture

B.eviltraditionandgoodtradition

C.manandthechangingworld

D.traditionandchange

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】1.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段的尾句可知,作者一直在強調change。所以選項D改變是必不可少的為正確答案。選項A和C在文章中沒有提及,選項D包含了選項B。

2.細節(jié)事實題。第一段農民的例子是為了說明“Thefarmerwhoselandisrequiredforhousingorindustrymustadapthimself.”所以選項C正確。

3.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第二段的第二句“ithelpstheignorantandtheuninformedtotakeastepforward,andthereby,toadaptthemselvestochangedcircumstances.”所以選A符合原文。

4.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第二段的內容作者認為傳統(tǒng)有好也有壞,所以選項A和D錯誤,選項C中must太絕對,并不是所有傳統(tǒng)的向導都是正確的。選項B過度的推崇傳統(tǒng)可能會給我們帶來麻煩,所以選項B正確。

5.主旨大意題。文章第一段主要是講change,第二段主要是講tradition,所以文章主要討論的是傳統(tǒng)和變革的關系。

14.單選題

RealpolicemenhardlyrecognizeanyresemblancebetweentheirlivesandwhattheyseeonTV.

Thefirstdifferenceisthatapoliceman’srealliferevolvesroundcriminallaw,hehastoknowexactlywhatactionsarecrimesandwhatevidencecanbeusedtoprovethemincourt.Hehastoknownearlyasmuchlawasaprofessionallawyer,andwhatismore,hehastoapplyitonhisfeet,inthedarkandrain,runningdownastreetaftersomeonehewantstotalkto.

Littleofhistimeisspentinchatting.Hewillspendmostofhisworkinglifetypingmillionsofwordsonthousandsofformsabouthundredsofsad,unimportantpeoplewhoareguiltyofstupid,pettycrimes.

Mosttelevisioncrimedramaisaboutfindingthecriminal:assoonashe’sarrested,thestoryisover.Inreallife,findingcriminalsisseldommuchofaproblem.Exceptinveryseriouscaseslikemurdersandterroristattackslittleeffortisspentonsearching.

Havingmadeanarrest,adetectivereallystartstowork.Hehastoprovehiscaseincourtandtodothatheoftenhastogatheralotofdifferentevidence.

Atthirdbigdifferencebetweenthedramadetectiveandtherealoneistheunpleasantpressures:first,asmembersofapoliceforcetheyalwayshavetobehaveabsolutelyinaccordancewiththelaw.Secondly,asexpensivepublicservantstheyhavetogetresults.Theycanhardlyeverdoboth.Mostofthetime,someofthemhavetobreaktherulesinsmallways.

Ifthedetectivehastodetecttheworld,theworldoftendeceiveshim.Hardlyanyonehemeetstellshimthetruth.Andthisseparationthedetectivefeelsbetweenhimselfandtherestoftheworldisdeepenedbythesimple-mindedness—asheseesit―ofcitizens,socialworkers,doctors,law-makers,andjudges,who,insteadofeliminatingcrime,punishthecriminalslessseverelyinthehopethatthiswillmakethemreform.Theresult,detectivesfeel,isthatnine-tenthsoftheirworkisre-catchingpeoplewhoshouldhavestayedbehindbars.

Thismakesthemrathercynical.

1.Apolicemanhastobetrainedincriminallawbecause（

）.

2.Whatisthemostsuitablewordthatdescribestheworkofapolicemanaccordingtothepassage?

3.Accordingtothepassage,policemenspendmostoftheirtimeandefforts（

）.

4.What’sthepoliceman’sbiggestheadache?

5.Whydopolicemenfeelseparatedfromtherestoftheworld?

問題1選項

A.hemustworkhardtohelpreformcriminals

B.hemustbehaveasprofessionallawyersdo

C.hemustbeabletotellwhenandwhereacrimeiscommitted

D.hemustjustifythearrestshemakesofcriminals

問題2選項

A.Dangerous

B.Demanding

C.Distressing

D.Dramatic

問題3選項

A.patrollingthestreet,rainorshine

B.trackingandarrestingcriminals

C.collectingandprovidingevidence

D.consultingtherulesoflaw

問題4選項

A.Hehastogetthemostdesirableresultswithoutbreakingthelawinanyway.

B.Hehastojustifyhisarrestswhileunabletoprovidesufficientevidenceinmostcases.

C.Hecanhardlyfindenoughtimetolearncriminallawwhileburdenedwithnumerouscriminalcases

D.Hehastoprovidethebestpossiblepublicserviceattheleastpossibleexpense

問題5選項

A.Becausetheydonotreceiveduesupportfromsociety.

B.Becausetheyfindpeopleinsincerewiththem.

C.Becausetheyfeelsuperiortosimple-mindedpeoplearoundthem.

D.Becausetheyaresuspiciousofthepeoplearoundthem.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:A

【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章第二段，“Thefirstdifferenceisthatapoliceman’srealliferevolvesroundcriminallaw,hehastoknowexactlywhatactionsarecrimesandwhatevidencecanbeusedtoprovethemincourt.”，可知第一個區(qū)別是警察的現(xiàn)實生活是圍繞著刑法的，他必須知道什么行為是犯罪，什么證據(jù)可以在法庭上證明他們所逮捕的人確實有犯罪行為?？膳袛喑鼍毂仨毥邮苄谭ǚ矫娴挠柧毜脑蛟谟谝茏C明他所逮捕的人是罪犯。選項D符合題意。

2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章中對警察的相關描述，“apoliceman’srealliferevolvesroundcriminallaw…h(huán)eoftenhastogatheralotofdifferentevidence…therealoneistheunpleasantpressures…”，可知警察需要懂法律，需要在逮捕過程中收集證據(jù)，需要承受不快的壓力等等，可判斷出最能描述警察這個職業(yè)的詞為demanding“要求高的”，選項B符合題意。

3.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第四段，“Inreallife,findingcriminalsisseldommuchofaproblem.”，可知在現(xiàn)實生活中，找到罪犯在很多情況下并不是什么大問題。又根據(jù)第五段，“Havingmadeanarrest,adetectivereallystartstowork.Hehastoprovehiscaseincourtandtodothatheoftenhastogatheralotofdifferentevidence.”，可知逮捕之后，才真正開始偵探的工作了。他必須在法庭上證明自己的觀點，為此他經(jīng)常需要收集很多不同的證據(jù)。可判斷出警察需要把大量的時間和精力花在尋找和收集證據(jù)上。選項C符合題意。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)文章第六段，“Atthirdbigdifferencebetweenthedramadetectiveandtherealoneistheunpleasantpressures:first,asmembersofapoliceforcetheyalwayshavetobehaveabsolutelyinaccordancewiththelaw.Secondly,asexpensivepublicservantstheyhavetogetresults.”，可知第三個最大的區(qū)別就是不快的壓力，首先，他們總是必須絕對依法行事。其次，作為公務員，他們必須取得成效?？膳袛喑鼍毂仨氃诓贿`反任何法律的情況下達到最理想的結果。選項A符合題意。

5.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)文章最后一段，“Ifthedetectivehastodetecttheworld,theworldoftendeceiveshim.Hardlyanyonehemeetstellshimthetruth.Andthisseparationthedetectivefeelsbetweenhimselfandtherestoftheworldisdeepenedbythesimple-mindedness…insteadofeliminatingcrime,punishthecriminalslessseverelyinthehopethatthiswillmakethemreform.”，可知如果偵探要偵破這個世界，世界往往會欺騙他。他遇到的任何人幾乎沒有一個告訴他真相。偵探會感到自己與外界的這種隔閡加深了。在警察想要消除犯罪的時候，而其他人可能希望給罪犯改過自新的機會而對其從輕處罰?？膳袛喑鼍炫c世界隔離的原因在于他們沒有得到人們應有的支持。選項A符合題意。

15.單選題

Theadvancementofscienceandtechnologyhasdemonstratedthatafactappearingtocontradicttocertaintheorymayactuallybe（）amoreadvancedformulationofthattheory.

問題1選項

A.consistentwith

B.eliminatedby

C.inoppositionto

D.incompatiblewith

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定搭配。beconsistentwith與…一致，符合；inoppositionto與…相反；beincompatiblewith與…不相容的；句意：先進的科學技術證明了如果一個看似與某一理論相悖的事實，實際可能與一個更先進的理論形式相符。由actually可知前后有相反的意味，故此空意思應與contradict意義相反，故A項正確。

16.單選題

Theworkerschoseto（

）theirdissatisfactioninaseriesofstrikes.

問題1選項

A.deliver

B.offer

C.manifest

D.indicate

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。deliver“交付；發(fā)表”；offer“提供；出價”；manifest“證明，表明”；indicate”預示，象征”。句意：工人們選擇用罷工來表明他們的不滿。選項C符合題意。

17.單選題

Ashewasathoroughlyprofessionaljournalist,healreadyknewthemedia____.

問題1選項

A.toandfrom

B.upsideanddown

C.insideandout

D.nowandthen

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.toandfrom去和回B.upsideanddown上和下

C.insideandout從里到外；徹底地D.nowandthen有時

【考查點】語義銜接和固定搭配

【解題思路】空格的內容在主句中做狀語，主句的句意為“他對媒體____熟悉”，根據(jù)從句的句意“因為他是一位非常專業(yè)的（thoroughlyprofessional）記者”可知，“他”應該對媒體非常熟悉，C選項insideandout為固定搭配，意為“從里到外；徹底地”符合原句語義邏輯。

【干擾項排除】A、B、D選項不符合原文語義邏輯。

【句意】因為他是一位非常專業(yè)的記者，所以他對媒體相當熟悉。

18.單選題

Reportersandphotographersaliketookgreat（

）attherudewaytheactorbehavedduringtheinterview.

問題1選項

A.annoyance

B.offence

C.resentment

D.irritation

【答案】B

【解析】句意:記者和攝像師們都因為這個演員在采訪中的無禮行為而感到被冒犯。

名詞辨析。惱怒,生氣;offence冒犯;常用于短語takeoffenceatsth.表示“因為某事而感到被傷害、被冒犯”；resentment怨恨;irritation憤怒。因此根據(jù)句意及搭配推斷B項正確。

19.翻譯題

人們對金錢有各自的看法。有的人喜歡錢是因為錢能為他們買到東西，另一些人則把它看作安全的保障。有的人擔心自己永遠掙不到足夠的錢，另一些人則不喜歡有太多的錢。人們對于錢的態(tài)度取決于許多方面：在什么樣的環(huán)境中長大，習慣于擁有多少錢，是為錢而努力工作還是為喜歡的工作而掙錢。甚至人們對生活的信念也影響對金錢的看法。對于金錢的態(tài)度沒有正確和錯誤之分，每種態(tài)度都自有其合理之處。

【答案】Peoplehavetheirownviewsonmoney.Somepeoplelikemoneybecausemoneycanbuythingsforthem,whileotherstreatitasasecurityguarantee.Somepeopleworrythattheywillneverearnenoughmoney,whileotherswouldnotliketohavetoomuchmoney.People'sattitudetowardsmoneydependsonmanyaspectssuchasinwhatkindofenvironmentyougrowup,howmuchmoneyyouareusedtoobtaining,andyouworkhardformakingmoneyormakemoneyjustbecauseyoulovethejob.Eventhefaithofpeople'slifealsoaffectstheviewonmoney.Thereisnorightorwrongattitudetowardsmoney,andeachattitudehasitsownreasonablepoint.

20.單選題

TheUnitedNations（）muchtoworldpeaceandorder.

問題1選項

A.hasattributed

B.haveattributed

C.hascontributed

D.havecontributed

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞義辨析。attribute…to“把……歸因”，contribute…to“對……作貢獻”。

表示國家、地名等專用名詞做主語時，后面謂語用單數(shù)形式，句意：聯(lián)合國為世界和平與秩序做出了巨大貢獻。所以本題的正確答案是C選項。

21.單選題

Thedevil,astheoldsayinggoes,isinthedetails.Or,inthecaseofthenewEstonianlawsettingupanationalgeneticdatabank,thereisreasonforconcernthatthedevilmaygetinvolvedintheactualworkingsofthatcountry’sHumanGeneResearchAct.

Theauthorsofthe34-sectionacthavemadeaseriousefforttopreventmisuseofthedataandtoprotectgenedonors’rightsandprivacy.Participationintheprojectisstrictlyvoluntary,onthebasisofinformedconsent.Itwillbeillegaltoaskanyoneifheorsheisparticipatinginthefreeprogram.Peoplewon’tbepaidforprovidingatissuesample,medical,andfamilyhistorytotheEstonianGeneBank.Thatinformationisimmediatelygiven“auniquecodeconsistingofatleast16randomcharacters”.GeneticandmedicaldatabecomeandremainthepropertyoftheEstonianGeneBank—exceptthatindividualdonorshavetheright,“atanytime,”torequest“destructionofthedatawhichenablesdecoding.”

Theycanalsohavetheirsamplematerialsdestroyediftheiridentityhasbeenunlawfullydisclosed.

Donorsareentitledtotheirowngeneticdata,atnocharge,asaretheirdesignatedphysicians.Nooneelsehaslawfulaccesstothisinformation.Indeed,itisunlawfultoask—andtheactcontainsspecificparagraphsthatforbidemployersandinsurancecompaniestogathersuchinformation,ortotreat“peoplewithdifferentgeneticrisks”differentlyasemployeesorinsuranceclients.Geneticinformationmaybereleasedtoresearchers“onlyincodedform,asasetofdataandontheconditionthattissuesamplesordataconcerningatleastfivegenedonorsareissuedatatime.”

SupportersoftheprojectexpectthattheEstonianGeneBankwillbecomeafavoritesourceofinformationforresearchersassociatedwithbiotechnologyandpharmaceuticalcompaniesthatareexpectedtopayhandsomelyforaccesstothedecoded(andanonymous)information.SomefirmsareexpectedtosetupshopinEstonia,presumablyinorneartheUniversityCityofTartuwheremostEstoniangeneticistsliveandwork.Theprojectisexpectedto“putEstoniaonthemap”andleadtoaneconomicbonanzaforanewlyindependentcountrywithfewnaturalresources.

Noteverybodysharesthatview.Regardlessofthefavorablepollresults,anumberofobjectionshavebeenpublishedinEstonian-languagenewspapers.Theserangefromthesimplistic“Ifit’ssuchagreatidea,howcometheFrenchandGermansaren’tdoingitalready?”toargumentsthatthestart-upmoneycouldbespentonbetterthings.Somecommentatorsarealsoconcernedaboutprivacy.Informationinthedatabankcouldbeusedforblackmailandisthereadatabankintheworldthatistrulysecurefromhackers?Andwhataboutleaks?Allegationsofcorruptionareafactofpubliclifeinpost-Sovietindependentstates.Estonia’sscandalshavebeenlessluridthanthoseofotherstates,buttherehavebeenenoughtoengenderconsiderablecynicism,notjustaboutleakeddata,butalsoaboutpayoffswherelucrativecontractsareinvolved.

16.Thesaying“Thedevilisinthedetails”isusedtoimplythat________.

17.UnderEstonianlaw,donorsmayrequesttohavetheirtissuesamplesdestroyed________.

18.Thephrase“putEstoniaonthemap”(para.5)mostlikelymeans________.

19.Fromthelastparagraphwecaninferthat,inregardtothenewgeneticdatabank________.

20.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsEstonia’snewlawsgoverningthegeneticdatabankseemstobe________.

問題1選項

A.Estonia’snewgeneticdatabankhasimmoralimplications

B.whiletheoverallideaisgood,thedetailsofthegeneticbank’sworkingsareflawed

C.despitetheirefforts,thenewlawsmaynotpreventmisuseofgeneticdata

D.itisinherentlywrongtocollectgeneticdata

問題2選項

A.atanytime

B.iftheirsecretcodehasbeendecoded

C.iftheiridentityhasbeenrevealedillegally

D.withtheirphysician’sapproval

問題3選項

A.gaininternationalfamefortheEstoniangovernment

B.confirmEstonia’spost-Sovietindependence

C.gainrespectforgeneticsresearchconductedinEstonia

D.bringglobalrecognitiontothislittle-knowncountry

問題4選項

A.publicpollingwasmostlikelycorrupt

B.mostEstoniansapproveofit

C.onlylesseducatedcitizensareobjectingtothenewlaws

D.Estoniansaresharplydividedontheissue

問題5選項

A.ambivalence

B.caution

C.approval

D.skepticism

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:C

第3題:D

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】16.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段Thedevil,astheoldsayinggoes,isinthedetails.Or,inthecaseofthenewEstonianlawsettingupanationalgeneticdatabank,thereisreasonforconcernthatthedevilmaygetinvolvedintheactualworkingsofthatcountry’sHumanGeneResearchAct.（正如一句老話所說，細節(jié)決定成敗?；蛘?，在愛沙尼亞建立國家基因數(shù)據(jù)庫的新法律中，人們有理由擔心魔鬼可能會參與該國《人類基因研究法》的實際運作。），第一句話的重點是細節(jié)，按照兩句話的先后順序，推理出作者想要表達基因數(shù)據(jù)庫存在細節(jié)上的缺陷，B選項“雖然總體想法是好的，但基因數(shù)據(jù)庫的工作細節(jié)是有缺陷的”正確。A選項“愛沙尼亞新的基因數(shù)據(jù)庫有不道德的成分”，C選項“盡管他們做出了努力，新的法律可能不會防止基因數(shù)據(jù)的濫用”和D選項“收集基因數(shù)據(jù)本身就是錯誤的”不是這里表達的重點，不符合題意。因此B選項正確。

17.事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段Theycanalsohavetheirsamplematerialsdestroyediftheiridentityhasbeenunlawfullydisclosed.（如果他們的身份被非法泄露，他們的樣本材料也可能被銷毀。），可知組織樣本被銷毀的條件是C選項“如果他們的身份被非法揭露”。A選項“隨時”：根據(jù)第二段最后一句GeneticandmedicaldatabecomeandremainthepropertyoftheEstonianGeneBank—exceptthatindividualdonorshavetheright,“atanytime,”torequest“destructionofthedatawhichenablesdecoding.”（遺傳和醫(yī)療數(shù)據(jù)成為并仍然是愛沙尼亞基因庫的財產，但個人捐助者有權“在任何時候”要求“銷毀可解碼的數(shù)據(jù)”。），可知任何時候可以銷毀的是可解碼的數(shù)據(jù)，而非樣本，故錯誤。B選項“如果他們的密碼被破譯”和D選項“得到他們的醫(yī)生的批準”文章沒有提到。因此