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THERESILIENTRIVERMinneapolis
Riverfront
Design
CompetitionTurenscape
TeamCONTENTSIntroduction.....................................................................................................................02FourChallengesfortheUpperRiverfrontandBeyond
..............................................04ThreeStrategiesfortheResilientRiver
.......................................................................051.BuildanEcologicalInfrastructure
............................................................................06A.EstablishSecurityPatterns................................................................................06B.HarnessEcosystemServices
............................................................................072.ReorientUrbanismtotheRiver.................................................................................093.CuratetheVisionthroughTime
................................................................................10A.TheVision...........................................................................................................10TheFrameworkPlan
....................................................................................10HabitatPlan..................................................................................................11StormwaterPlan...........................................................................................11CirculationPlan
............................................................................................12LandUsePlan..............................................................................................12B.CuratethroughTime..........................................................................................13Years
0-2:SettheStage
..............................................................................14Years
2-5:ConnectPeopletotheRiver.......................................................15Years
5-10:CreateRiverfrontDestinations
..................................................18Years
10-15:BuildTransportationInfrastructure..........................................22Years
15-50:DevelopNewIndustriesandNewCommunities.....................231T
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RINTRODUCTIONThepeopleofnorthandnortheastMinneapolishaveseenhardtimesbefore.ThelandalongtheMississippibearswitnesstopreviouserasofboomandbust,overabundanceandexhaustion,speculationandbankruptcy,madexuberanceandruin.ThestoryontheCentralRiverfronthasbeentold—thespectacularfalls,NativeAmericanandthenEuropeanhabitation,theriseandfallofmillinggiants—andthefuturenowinviewisahealthyonewithmillruinparksandstonearchtrailsleadinghometonewcommunitiesthatsitontheRiver,
rightnexttodowntown.Butthefutureoftheareaupstream,abovethefallsofSt.Anthony,
remainstobedetermined.Thereareof?cialvisions,butalsowavering,lowrumblingsofdiscontentonallsides:industryversusparks,jobsversusnature,currentuseversus‘bestuse’,andeconomicrealitiesversusecologicalrealities.Isitavibrant,greenfutureormerelyamirage?Likethesongstillechoingupfromthedeltasays,theRiverkeepsrollingalong.To
theRiver,
ourinterventions,fromtheprairieburningbynativepeoples,totheconstructionofspillwaysandlocks,areonlytemporarymodi?cations.TheRiverwillhaveitsway,
movingitscoursefromsidetoside,upin?oodanddownindrought.TheRiverisresilient.Itwillbounceback.Ithasbouncedback,fromafetidsewertoaplacethatsupportsbeaver,
fox,otter,
sturgeon,andmusselsagain:rightinthecity!OurdesignapproachcelebratestheResilientRiver;webelieveinthepowerofnaturetoheal,andtherelevanceoftheRiverinthelifeofthepeopleofMinneapolis.Wetakethelongview,
andseethatchangesinindustryalongthebankshavehappenedbefore,drivenbythemarketbutalsobytheguidinghandofpublicpolicyandtheaspirationsoftheRiver'scitizens.Whilewerecognizetheroleofindustry,andinmanycasesareenthralledbythescaleofitsworkalongthebanks,wealsoremainsteadfastinourbeliefthatthislandscapeisworthyofrespect,evenreverence,andprotectionfromharm.Ourpurposethenistoaidinhealingtheriverfrontasaplaceofcriticalecologicalimportance,aswellasaplaceforworkingandliving.WheretheRiverhasbeenanexcusefordividingneighborhoodsandpeoples,wedesireaplacewherepeoplecancometogether.
We
concurwiththeviewthatparkscancreatenewvalueonadjacentlands,butalsoproposethatanewecologyofparksisnecessarythatmakesproductiveuseoftherichriverfrontlandsandwaters,aswellasthepeopleonitsshores.2T
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RChallengestoourfamiliesandcommunitiesareglobal,yetweproposethattheareaabovethefallsisaplacetotakeastandforaneweconomythatvalueslocalproduction,urbanagriculture,self-sustainingenergy,
art,sociability,andthepeopleofnorthernMinneapolisandtheregionasawhole.Thescaleofthisundertakingishuge,andtimeforchangeisrunningout.OurvisionisoftheUpperRiverfrontasprototypeforanewrelationship,asmarterrelationshipbetweenthepeopleofMinneapolisandtheirriver,
whichcaninformawayoflivingwithinnature,acrossthecityandregion.We
haverealexperiencefromthepastofusingthepoweroftheRiverinasustainableway,
breakingthehardwheatofthenorthwithonlythefallingofwater,
andevennowturningthatmotionintoelectricity.OurdesignispresentedinthatspiritandwithabeliefintheRiveritselftosteadyourminds,?llourhearts,andsteelourresolveforthechallengesbeforeus.We
arelivinginaproblematic21stCentury.
We
faceclimatechangeandadegradedenvironment,anuncertaineconomyandsocialinequality,culturalcon?ictandalossoflocalidentity;andyet...We
canmakethisa21stCenturyofchangeandreinvention!Oldvalueshavetobereevaluated.Newethicsandnewaestheticshavetobeinvented.Andmostimportantly,newsolutionshavetobe,andcanbe,implemented,sowecanbuildonthefoundationsofpreviousgenerations,amorehealthyandbeautifulMinneapolis.OurmissionistocompleteandrenewtheMinneapolisparksystemvisionbasedonourunderstandingofnewchallenges,newknowledge,andnewtechnologies,torecoverthefullpotentialoftheUpperRiverfrontandgiveitbacktothecity.
We
willmakefulluseofthelandscapeasaproductive,ecologicalinfrastructureforenhancingsocialequality,generatingeconomicvitality,andregainingculturalidentity.Dr.
KongjianYu,
Turenscape3T
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RFOURCHaLLENgESFORTHEUPPERRIVERaNDbEyONDECOLOgICaLRENEwaLHowcanourworkontheMississippiRiveraddresstheenvironmentalimperativesofourgeneration?Speci?cally,whatcanwedoontheUpperRiverfrontandinthesurroundingcommunitiestorebuildahealthyecosystemandrevaluetheparksystemforitsproductivepotential?Howcanweadapttoglobalclimatechange?Howcanwediscoveranewaestheticthatre?ectsandforeseesalifestyleinwhichculturalandhumanprocessesadapttoandmediatethechangingenvironment?RestoringconnectivitySOCIaLEqUITyThecommunitiesoftheUpperRiverfront,especiallyNorthMinneapolis,aredramaticallyunderservedintermsofaccesstoparklandandotheramenities.Thisinequitycompoundsandexacerbatesothersocialchallenges.Howcanourworkhelpcreateahealthierandmoreequalsociety?HowcanalandscaperesourcethatbelongstoNorthMinneapolisandNortheastbecomeadestinationforthewholecity,
thewaytheresourcesoftherestofthecityarerecognizedandenjoyedbyall?ImprovingaccesstowaterfrontparksVIbRaNTECONOMyTheMississippiRiverhasalwaysbeenapotentsourceofeconomicactivityandvitality.Initscurrentstate,however,
theRiverisnotreachingitspotential.TheUpperRiverfrontislinedwithusesthatdonotprovidevalueequaltotheirmajesticlocation,includingmanyusesthatdon’trequireriveraccess.Howcanwefosternewindustriesandneweconomiesinaresurgentrivercorridor?HowcaninvestmentsintheRivercatalyzebroadereconomicactivityandattractthebusinessesofthefuture?ExpandingemploymentaUTHENTICCULTURaLIDENTITyMinneapolishasarichhistoryanddiverseculturalin?uences.AthreadlinkinggenerationsistherelationshiptotheMississippiRiver.
Thiswasanimportantdestinationandconduitfornativepeoples.ItwasthereasonforEuropeanexplorationandsettlementwiththeriseofthefurtrade,lumbermilling,andgrainindustries.AsMinneapolishasattractedanincreasinglydiversepopulation,cantheRiverplayapartinbringingcontemporarycitizenstogether?Canthe“CityofLakes”becomethe“CityoftheRiver”again?MakingMinneapolistheCityoftheRiver4T
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RTHREESTRaTEgIES
FORTHERESILIENTRIVER1.bUILDaNECOLOgICaL
2.REORIENTURbaNISM
3.CURaTE
THEVISIONINFRaSTRUCTURETOTHERIVERTHROUgHTIMEAstrongcityparksystemisrootedinrobustandresilientnature.We
willstrategicallyidentifynaturalassetstodesignanecologicalinfrastructurenetworkthatprotectsandenhancescriticalnaturalandculturalprocesses.Bygrowingthisecologicalinfrastructure,thefullrangeofecosystemservicescanbesecuredforfuturegenerations.We
canAsecologicalinfrastructuregrows,wecanbegintorestructureandreorientthecityaroundtheRiver’snaturalassets.SmartcitiesareMinneapolishasahistoryofestablishinglong-termvisionsandthenstickingtothem,evenwhennear-termpoliticalandeconomicrealitiesrequireincrementalimplementation.Generationsofcivicleadershaveunderstoodthatlanduseandarchitecturewillchange,buttheintrinsiclandscapeitselfisanenduringasset.Ourplanninganddesignapproachesmustbestrategicallyconceivedtoworkwithinpresent-dayrealitieswhilecatalyzinga50-yearvisionworthyoftheinvestinginhumancapital-schoolsandhousing,jobsandresearch,artandcommerce.Thesmartestcitiesareleveragingtheseinvestmentsasstrategicplacemakingtoimproveeconomicstability,socialjustice,andculturalidentity.We
canusethegreennetworktovibratethecitysothatallfacetsofthecommunityarestimulated,providingopportunitiesintegratesustainabletransportation,naturalstormwatermanagement,urbanagriculture,andothergreeninfrastructureintothisnetworktoseeMinneapolisthroughtheenvironmental
fornewlifestylesandahealthierchallengesthatlieahead.
society.MississippiRiverandMinneapolis’slegacyofgreatparksystemplanning.5T
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R1.bUILDaNECOLOgICaLINFRaSTRUCTUREa.ESTabLISH
SECURITyPaTTERNSAvibrant,greenfutureforMinneapolisrequiresthatweprotectthenaturalassetsthatsustainhealthyurbanliving.Taking
astrategicconservationapproach,patternsemergethatofferthemosteffectiveprotectioninagivenlandscape.We
callthese“securitypatterns”tocallattentiontothecriticalrolethatacity’s
ecologicalinfrastructurenetworkplaysinsafeguardingourfuture.Vertically,
wemightenvisionthisnetworkfromastackofinterdependentlayersthatprotecthydrologicalandbiologicalprocesses,aswellasculturalheritage.Horizontally,wemightree,withtheRiverasitstrunk,branchesofgreenlinkingtherivertotheurbanfabric,anofthecommunityasitstwigsandleaves.vernacularculturalassetsexistingland-usewildlifecorridorsnaturalpatchessurface?owanalysiswaterbasinstopographyculturalsecuritypatternbiologicalsecuritypatternwatersecuritypatterndrawing
keymississippi
rivertrunkbranchestwigsecologicalsecuritypatternecologicalinfrastructurenetwork6T
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R1.bUILDaNECOLOgICaLINFRaSTRUCTUREb.HaRNESSECOSySTEMSERVICESEcosystemservicesaretheresourcesandprocessesprovidedbynaturalecosystems.TheMississippi,America’sGreatRiver,
isaninternationally-signi?cantsourceofecosystemservices.TheUnitedNationsMilleniumEcosystemAssessmentestablishedfourbroadcategoriesofservices:regulating,provisioning,supporting,andcultural.Howcanwereversedecadesofdegradationandputnature’s
forcestosustainableuse?Regulatingserviceskeepsystemsinbalancetoresistclimatechangeanddisease.Howwedealwithwateriskeytoregulation.We
proposeasystemofnaturaldrainagetomanagewater?ows.Avarietyofgreenstormwaterriverfronttreatmenttraininfrastructuretechnologieswillbeusedtotreatpollutedrun-offfromsurroundingneighborhoods,I-94,andtheoccupiedriverterraces.And,ratherthancontinuetoarmorthebanksoftheRiver,
increasing?oodingdownriver,
ourapproachistoincrease?oodcapacityintheareasidenti?edas?oodplainanddepositexcavatedmaterialsintheupperriverterracestocreatedramaticlandformsandoverlooks.greenroofswetlandpuri?cationsystemstreetsideswalesProvisioningservicesrelatetotheproductionoffood,water,
andotherbasicinputsforlife.We
proposeapaletteofproductivesurfaces.Vegetatedpatchesforstormwatertreatmentandwildlifehabitatwillbeinterspersedwithurbanagricultureopportunities,frompersonalallotmentgardensandcommunity-supportedagriculture(CSAs)toaquacultureandtreenurseries.Legacyvarietiesofsun?owersandmilletwillberotatedonunderutilizedlands.Wildriceandnativelotuswill?llwetlandterraces.Fast-growingtreeswillbecoppicedforlocally-consumedbiofuel,andpowerplantwasteheatwillallowthegreenhousesoftheHorticultureEnterpriseZonetogrowfoodyear-round.greenhousetreenurserycommunitygardenbiofuelsriver?sheries7T
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R1.bUILDaNECOLOgICaLINFRaSTRUCTUREb.HaRNESSECOSySTEMSERVICESSupportingservicesincludenutrientcyclingandcroppollinationcriticaltonaturalfunction.We
proposeecologicalcorridorstoincreasehabitatbiodiversity.TheMississippiisaninternationallysigni?cant?ywayformigratingbirds.Many?shandotherwildlifespeciesmaketheirwayeverydayalongthiscriticalecologicalpathway.
We
havestudiedtherhythmsofkeyspecies,bothlocalandmigratory,toestablishapaletteofnativeplantsandrusticcropsthatprovidefoodandcoverforthesebirds,?sh,andotherwildlife.prairiebio?lterpolishingwetlandin-riverhabitat?oodplainterraceuplandforest/savannalitoralwetlandagricultureeducationCulturalservicesincludetransportation,recreationandspiritualbene?ts.TheMississippiwasonceasigni?cantrecreationalresourceforMinneapolis,withcommunitydestinationsliketheGerberBathsatHallsIslandandWebberPoolatShingleCreek.TheRivercanagainhostdiverseopportunitiesfor?shing,boating,swimming,iceskating,sauna,andotherwater-basedexperiences.We
seeopportunitiestocreateimprovedriverhabitatwhilealsocarvingoutincreasedaccessandactivationspacesforpeople.exercise+transportationpubliceventswaterrecreation8T
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R2.REORIENTURbaNISMTOTHERIVERRiverurbanismshouldmixusesandaudiences,providinganationalmodelforsustainablecity-making.Fromhomesandschoolstomarketsandworkplaces,alandethicofproductivityandinteractioninallseasonswillconnectandunifydiversesettings.Newcommunityelementswillcomplementandlinktoexistingassetsinadjacentneighborhoods,allowingcurrentresidentstooccupyandstewardnewterrain,whileinvitingnewusersandvisitorsto?ndaplaceinMinneapolis’snewestcommons.horticulture
corridorWe
recognizesix“urbanismcorridors”thatwillconnectactivityanchorswiththeecologicalinfrastructurenetwork.Thesewillincludegardenfestivalgrounds,amphitheaters,learningspaces,andgatheringplacestoprovidediversesteppingstonesofvibrancyallthewayupanddowntheUpperRcation
corridorartcorridorgreen-tech
corridorcommerce
corridorresidential
corridorurbanismcorridorsandanchorsplan9T
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R3.CURaTE
THEVISIONTHROUgHTIMEa.THEVISIONFramework
PlanTheResilientRiverisaframeworkfortransformingtheUpperRiverfrontovertime.Ofcourse,theResilientRivercouldrecoverincountlessways,butwedescribehereonepotentialfutureandapathtogetthere.We
offeraboldvisioninordertoignitetheimaginationandambitionnecessarytotakethe?rstchallengingsteps.CamdenBridgeShingleCreekresidentialtower,
typ.soilfactorytreenurseryDowlingStreetcarandPedestrianBridgegreenhousegreenhouseof?ce,typ.relocatedindustryMarshallParkwayLowryBridgePerkinsHillSkywalkMinneapolisSchoolfortheUrbanEnvironmentnewNorthHighSchoollineartrackparkwetlandeco-labparkcarbon-neutralneighborhoodaggregateartparkBottineauGreenway26thavenuegreenstreetBNBridgeamphitheaterstreetcargreen-techindustry,munitygardenGrainBeltbreweryBroadwayBridgeretailcenter,typ.mixed-useresidentialHallsIslandbeachparkPlymouthAvenueBridgeBoomIslandNicolletIslandBassettCreekgreenstreetCedarLakeRegionalTrailSt.AnthonyFallsdowntowngreenwaySpiritIslandHennepinIslandMillRuinsPark1
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THEVISIONTHROUgHTIMEa.THEVISIONHabitat
PlanStormwater
Plandrawing
keydrawing
keybank
restorationmississippi
riverupland
forest/
savannawaterfront
wetlandshoreline
willowplantingprairiein?ltration
swaleblue
streetwet
prairiedrainage
outfall?owdirectionnative
wild?ower/
formaltap
in
existing
15’freeway
stormpiperiparian
forestproductive
landscapedrawwater
fromthe
riverwetland
/
bioswaleriver
with
emergentsgravel/
sand
bar1
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THEVISIONTHROUgHTIMEa.THEVISIONCirculation
PlanLandUsePlandrawing
keypedestriandrawing
keylow-density
housingstreetcarmedium-density
housingbikewaysparkwayshigh-density
housingcommercialeducationmixed-useof?cegeneral
industrialcultural/
entertainmentutilitypublic
/
institutionalparkingparks
/
open
space1
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TIMEb.CURaTINg
THROUgH
TIMEHowdoweadvanceatransformativetimeline?BuildingontheMinneapolistraditionsofvisualandperformingarts,wemightcharacterizeouractionsascuratingashiftingpaletteofnaturalandculturalprocesses.We
canchoreographdecisionsanddesigns,investmentsandincentives,toputonvibrantlandscapeperformances.We
canscoreurbanevolutionsintimewiththerhythmsoftheRiver’s
recovery.
Intime,incrementalimprovementsandpolicycommitmentswilllayerupintoprofoundtransformation.Existingyears
0-2SettheStageyears
2-5ConnectPeopletotheRiveryears
5-10CreateRiverfrontDestinationsyears
10-15BuildTransportationInfrastructureyears
15-50DevelopNewIndustriesandCommunities1
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THEVISIONTHROUgHTIMEJanyEaRS
0-2:SETTHESTagEFebMarAprIndustrial
Murals
andCatalytic
Cover
CropsWhileplanning,design,engineering,andpermittingofthe?rstphasesofUpperRiverfronttransformationareunderway,weproposeaseriesofimmediateinterventionstoattractattentiontotheriverfrontsandpreparethegroundofanemergentecologicalinfrastructurenetwork.IndustrialbuildingsandartifactsbecomeacanvasformuralssimilartotheValsparBuilding.Underutilizedground,attheUpperHarborTerminal
andelsewhere,iscultivatedwithrusticversionsofcropssuchassun?owers,alfalfaandclovertoimprovesoilfertility,removepollutants,bringimmediatetransformationandbeauty,
andprovidebasichabitatimprovements.Spacesaresetasideforthesoilfactoryandotherrivercorridorremediationneeds.Theseindustrial-strengthguerrillagardensamidpilesandrusticsbecomeacanvasfortemporaryculturalandsocialactivities—circuses,waterfestivals,musicfestivals,gardenfestivals,farmersmarkets,sculpturegardens,andmore.MayJunJulAugSepOctNovDecexistingpowerplantand?oursilos1
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THEVISIONTHROUgHTIMEyEaRS
2-5:CONNECTPEOPLETOTHERIVERHalls
IslandbeachParkOur?rstphasewouldconcentrateonimprovingaccesstotheRiverfromtheneighborhoodsandtosimplewatercontactexperiences.AkeyprojectwouldbearestorationofHallsIsland-BoomIslandurbanwaterfrontparkattheSchererBrotherssitewherediversewaterexpereinceswillmixwithuniqueecologicalhabitats.We
willexcavateasidechannelforswimmingandwatergames.Drawingonitsloggingheritage,there-createdHallsIslandviewoftheGerberBathsonHallsIslandintheMississippiRiverwillhostwoodendivingstructuresand?oatingboomplatforms.Anurbanbeachandribbonbencheswillprovidesurfacesforsunningandpicnics.ExcavatedmaterialwillbereusedonsitetoformprairieislandsandsavannapeninsulassupportingapedestrianandbicycleskywalklinkingtheBroadwayandPlymouthBridges.CatalyticProjectThe?rstprojecttostimulatetheResilientRiverwillbetheHallsIslandBeachPark.The?rstphaseoftheBeachParkwillbedevelopedontheSchererBrotherssiteandanadjacentunderutilizedsite.FutureimprovementscouldexpandtheParktothenorthifGracomovestoanon-waterfrontsite.Thesecostsdonotincludepropertyacquisition,designandengineering,oradjacentprivatedevelopment.savannapeninsulasboomdivingplatformsConceptualConstructionBudget:Mobilization&ErosionControlDemolitionEarthwork(excavation,grading,retainingwall)RiverfrontImprovements
(vegetation,hardscape,structures)
$1,600,000UplandImprovements(vegetation,hardscape,structures)StreetImprovementsSiteUtilities(water,sanitary,power)skywalk$1,400,000$700,000$7,200,000tototototototo$1,800,000$900,000swimmingarea$9,000,000$2,000,000$5,300,000$1,000,000$400,000HallsIsland$4,200,000$800,000$300,000$16,200,000to
$20,400,000Maintenance,Operations,andProgrammingBudget:
$500,000/yr
to$750,000/yrplanenlargement-catalyticprojectLessonslearnedinthis?rstprojectwillbeappliedinfutureearthworkstore-establishBoom,Hennepin,andSpiritIslands,re-forminganurbanislanddistrictwithNicolletIsland.1
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THEVISIONTHROUgHTIMEyEaRS
2-5:CONNECTPEOPLETOTHERIVERPerkins
HillSkywalkAsecondprojectwilllinkPerkinsHillandtheCityviewSchooltotheriverfrontandthenewLowryBridge.Here,acoveredpedestrianwalkwaywillbringneighborsandstudentstoenjoyandlearnfromtheRiver.
ItsiconicformwillanchoraneducationcorridorandsignalthatNorthMinneapolisisreclaimingitsriverfrontidentity.linktoneighboroodlinktoCityviewSchoolfutureMinneapolisSchoolfortheUrbanEnviornmentlinktonewLowryBridgelinktoriverfrontplanenlargementexistingPerkinsHillParkandCityviewSchool1
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THEVISIONTHROUgHTIMEyEaRS
2-5:CONNECTPEOPLETOTHERIVERLinear
ParksLinearparkswillweaveupanddowneachsideoftheRiver.
Rollinggardensandwindingterraceswillbe?lledwithcommunitygardenstocultivatestewardshipbysurroundingneighborhoodresidents.Fingersofgreenwillreachdeepintotheneighborhoods.aerialoverviewexisting1
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THEVISIONTHROUgHTIMEyEaRS
5-10:CREaTE
RIVERFRONTDESTINaTIONSHorticulture
Enterprise
ZoneOursecondphaseinvolvestransformingtheRiverenvironmentintoaseriesofstagesfortheexperienceofnaturalandculturalperformances.TheUpperHarborTerminal
willbetransformedintoaHorticultureEnterpriseZone.Asoilfactorywillremediatepollutedsoilsbargedinfromotherriverfrontsites.Itwillalsoactasacompostingfacilityforgreenwaste.Wintergardengreenhouseswillbewarmedwithheatrecoveredfromthecompostingprocessandfromthenearbypowerplant.treenurserygreenhouseDowlingStreetcarandPedestrianBridgesoilfactoryexistinggreenhouse,typ.planenlargement1
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R3.CURaTETHEVISIONTHROUgHTIMEyEaRS5-10:CREaTERIVERFRONTDESTINaTIONSEducation
CorridorTheMinneapolisSchoolfortheUrbanEnvironment,anenvironment-focusedcommunitycollege,will,alongwithanewNorthHighSchool,growaroundthePerkinsHillSkywalk.TheseschoolswillprepareyouthfortheemergingindustriesoftheUpperRiverfront—horticulture,environmentalrestoration,andbiotechnology.environmentalcommunitycollegenewNorthHighSchoolMinneapolisSchoolfortheUrbanEnvironmentplanenlargementProductive
SurfacesCommunitygardens,treenurseries,andbiofuelfarmswilloccupyremediatedsites.Citizenswillbeengagedinthecyclesofproduction,learningmoreaboutwheretheirfood,energy,
andotherlandscaperesourcescomefrom.1
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THEVISIONTHROUgHTIMEyEaRS
5-10:CREaTE
RIVERFRONTDESTINaTIONSwetlandEco-Lab
ParkAlargewetlandparkwillofferalaboratoryinecologicalrestorationtechniques.ThewetlandswillcleansewaterdrawnfromtheMississippi,aswellassurfacerun-offfromtheneighborhoods.Islandsforwetprairieandriparianhabitatwillbebuiltfromrecycled
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