書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-三明醫(yī)學(xué)科技職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.填空題

WhileIwasastudent,I（1）manystoriesaboutthevalueofEnglishforone’scareer,butIthoughttheywereirrelevant（2）thelifethatIhadplannedformyself.Inthat（3）Iwassimilartomanyoftoday'sstudents.Aftergraduating,I（4）howaccuratethosestorieswere.I（5）manyopportunitiesbecausemyEnglishwassopoor,（6）Ifinallydecidedto"correct*'myearliermistake.OnedayI（7）atutorandbegantostudy

Englishseriously-asatoolofrealcommunication,notameretestsubject―forthefirst（8）inmylife.Thisturned（9）tobeoneofthebestdecisionsthatI’ve

（10）made.AfterI（11）myattitudetowardthelanguage,Ireallystartedtoenjoyusingit,andasa（12）Imaderapid（13）init.Sincethenmycareerhasbenefitedgreatly（14）mynewabilitytouseEnglishactively.

【答案】1.heard

2.to

3.respect

4.realized

5.lost

6.so

7.got

8.time

9.out

10.ever

11.changed

12.result

13.progress

14.from

【解析】1.固定搭配。Hearstoryabout聽關(guān)于…的故事。而且這里應(yīng)該用過去式。

2.固定搭配。beirrelevanttosth.與某事無關(guān)。

3.語義題。句意:在這方面，我和今天的許多學(xué)生很相似。

4.語義題。句意:我意識到這些故事是多么準(zhǔn)確。

5.固定搭配。Loseopportunities失去機會。這里應(yīng)該用過去式。

6.邏輯分析。空格前后句子為因果關(guān)系:英語不好，我失去了很多機會。因此,我決定糾正之前的錯誤。

7.固定搭配。getatutor請家教。這里應(yīng)用一般過去時態(tài)。

8.固定搭配。Forthefirsttime第一次。

9.固定搭配。turnouttobe結(jié)果是,證明是。

10.語義題。句意:我曾經(jīng)做的最好決定之一。

11.語義題。句意:在我改變對英語的態(tài)度后。

12.固定搭配。asaresult結(jié)果。

13.固定搭配。Makeprogressin在…方面取得巨大進(jìn)步。

14.固定搭配。benefitfromsth.受益于…。

2.單選題

Thematerialsupportandadvisoryservicesofferedbytheseprojects______thewillofthepoortohelpthemselvesandenablethemtoleadself-sufficientlives.

問題1選項

A.prolong

B.enforce

C.reinforce

D.inform

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。A選項prolong“延長；拖延”；B選項enforce“實施，執(zhí)行；強迫，強制”；C選項reinforce“加強，加固；強化；補充”；D選項inform“通知；告訴；報告”。句意：這些項目提供的物質(zhì)支持和咨詢服務(wù)……了窮人自助的意愿，使他們能夠過上自給自足的生活。根據(jù)Thematerialsupportandadvisoryservicesbytheseprojects（這些項目提供的物質(zhì)支持和咨詢服務(wù)）可推測這些項目對……來說是有利的，A選項不符合題意，可排除。B選項含貶義也可排除。D選項不符合題意，可排除。結(jié)合句意，C選項正確。

3.單選題

Job-relatedillnessesaregrowinginfrequency.In1985,therewere390,000casesofillnessesthatwerejobrelated,includinglungandbladder（膀胱）cancers,skinailments,emphysema（肺氣腫）,andheartdisease.Therewerealso100,000deaths.Manyoftheseillnessesanddeathsareattributabletochemicallyhazardoussubstances.

Anobviousapproachtoreducingoccupationalillnessesistoridtheworkplaceofthechemicalagentsortoxinsthatarethesourceofmanyoftheproblems.However,sometimesthatisnotfinanciallyfeasibleortechnicallypossible.Analternativeapproachistocapitalizeonthefactthatnotallindividualsareequallysusceptibletohealthhazardsintheworkplace.Forexample,untiltheearly1970swhenstrictsafetystandardswereintroduced,allworkersinshipbuildingplantswereexposedtoexcessivelyhighlevelsofasbestos（石棉）dust,yetonlysomehave,orwilldevelop,respiratoryproblemssuchasasbestosis,lungcancer,andemphysema.

Researchershavebegunonlyacertainportiontoattackthepuzzlingproblemofworkgroupsthatare“hypersusceptible”toparticularchemicalagentsortoxins.Oneapproachistousegeneticinformationasameansofdifferentiatingbetweenthosewhowillandwillnothaveadversereactionstothetoxin.Atpresent,thereareseveralknowngeneticmarkersthatsignalanindividual’spredispositiontodevelopinghealthproblemsinthepresenceofcertainworkingconditions.Forexample,peoplewithapairofgenesdeficientinanenzymecalledG-6-PDaremorelikelythanotherstoexperienceabreakdownofredbloodcellsandconsequentanemia（貧血）whentheyworkwithchemicalscontainedinTNT,ortypesofantimalarialdrugs（抗瘧藥）.

Recentresearchalsosuggeststhatpresenceofadefectivegeneontheeleventhchromosome（染色體）reducesthebody’sabilitytoremoveexcesscholesterol（膽固醇）depositsfromarterywalls（動脈壁）,thuspredisposingcarriersofthegenetocoronaryartery（冠狀動脈）disease.Presumably,individualswiththisgeneticanomaly（異常）wouldbemorelikelytohaveheartproblemswhenstressfuljobsituationsareencounteredthanthosewithoutit.

Accordingly,geneticscreeningisbasedonthepremisethatindividualshavedifferentgeneticmarkersandsomeofthesedifferencescanbeusedtopredictpredispositiontooccupationaldiseases.Thereissomeevidencethatcertaincompanieshaveusedthegeneticscreeningtocontroltheincidenceofjob-relatedillnesses.Someofthecompaniesalsohadtakenactionasaresultofthetests,includingwarningemployeesaboutpotentialhealthproblems,transferringemployees,suggestingthatemployeesseekotherjobs,usingthedataforreplacementpurposes,orchangingtheproductionprocess.

1.Theauthorstatesinthepassagethatchemicallydangeroussubstancesintheworkplace（）.

2.Theauthorgivesanexampleofworkersinshipbuildingplants（）.

3.Howmanyoccupationaldiseasesarelistedinthispassage?

4.Accordingtothepassage,whenapersonhasadefectivegeneontheeleventhchromosome,heorsheisattheriskofdeveloping（）.

5.Thispassageismainlyabout（）.

問題1選項

A.havenothingtodowithoccupationalillnesses

B.areresponsibleformanyoccupationalillnesses

C.playaminorroleinbringingaboutsuchoccupationaldiseasesaslungcancerandemphysema

D.usuallygiverisetoskinailments

問題2選項

A.toshowthatworkersareusuallysubjecttobadworkingconditions

B.toprovetherewerenosafetystandardsbefore1970

C.towarnworkersagainstrespiratoryproblems

D.toshowthatnotallworkersexposedtochemicallydangeroussubstancesareliabletooccupationalillnesses

問題3選項

A.Six

B.Seven

C.Eight

D.Nine

問題4選項

A.coronaryarterydisease

B.pulmonarydisease

C.respiratorydisease

D.bladdercancer

問題5選項

A.howtoreducejob-relateddisease

B.theincidenceofjob-relateddiseases

C.genetictestingandthepreventionofjob-relateddiseases

D.thefunctionsofgeneticmarkers

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的最后一句“Manyoftheseillnessesanddeathsareattributabletochemicallyhazardoussubstances.”許多這些工作相關(guān)的疾病和死亡可歸因于化學(xué)危險物質(zhì)。所以選項B正確。

2.根據(jù)第二段的第三句“Analternativeapproachistocapitalizeonthefactthatnotallindividualsareequallysusceptibletohealthhazardsintheworkplace.”另一種方法是利用并非所有人在工作場所同樣容易受到健康危害這一事實。選項D符合原文。

3.根據(jù)原文內(nèi)容可知，第一段列舉了lungandbladdercancers,skinailments,emphysema,andheartdisease等5種職業(yè)病以及第二段提及的asbestosis，所以一共是6種。選項A正確。

4.根據(jù)第四段的第一句“Recentresearchalsosuggeststhatpresenceofadefectivegeneontheeleventhchromosomereducesthebody'sabilitytoremoveexcesscholesteroldepositsfromarterywalls,thuspredisposingcarriersofthegenetocoronaryarterydisease.”選項A正確。

5.結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，文章的主要內(nèi)容是關(guān)于基因的測試研究以及職業(yè)病的預(yù)防。選項C更符合原文。

4.單選題

CantheInternethelppatientsjumpthelineatthedoctor'soffice?TheSiliconValleyEmployersForum,asophisticatedgroupoftechnologycompanies,islaunchingapilotprogramtotestonline"virtualvisits"betweendoctorsatthreebiglocalmedicalgroupsandabout6,000employeesandtheirfamilies.ThesixemployerstakingpartintheSiliconValleyinitiative,includingheavyhitterssuchasOracleandCiscoSystems,hopethatonlinevisitswillmeanemployeeswon'thavetoskipworktoattendtominorailmentsortofollowuponchronicconditions."Withourlongcommutesandtraffic,driving40milestoyourdoctorinyourhometowncanbeabigchunkoftime,"saysCindyConway,benefitsdirectoratCadenceDesignSystems,oneoftheparticipatingcompanies.

Doctorsaren'tclamoringtochatwithpatientsonlineforfree;thoughtheyspendsomeunpaidtimeonthephone.Only1in5haseverE-mailedapatient,andjust9percentareinterestedindoingso,accordingtotheresearchfirmCyberDialogue.“Wearenotstupid,"saysStiflingSomers,executivedirectoroftheSiliconValleyemployersgroup."Doctorsgettingpaidisacriticalpieceingettingthistowork."Inthepilotprogram,physicianswillget$20peronlineconsultation,aboutwhattheygetforasimpleofficevisit.

Doctorsalsofearthey'llbeswampedbyramblingE-mailsthattelleverythingbutwhat'sneededtomakeadiagnosis.SothenewprogramwillusetechnologysuppliedbyHealinx,anAlameda,Calif.-basedstart-up.Healinx's"SmartSymptomWizard"questionspatientsandturnsanswersintoasuccinctmessage.Thecompanyhasonlinedialoguesfor60commonconditions.Thedoctorcanthendiagnosetheproblemandoutlineatreatmentplan,whichcouldincludeE-mailingaprescriptionoraface-to-facevisit.

CanE-mailreplacethedoctor'soffice?Manyconditions,suchaspersistentcough,requirestethoscopetodiscoverwhat'swrongandtoavoidamalpracticesuit.EvenLarryBonham,headofoneofthedoctor'sgroupsinthepilot,believesthevirtualdoctor'svisitsoffera“verynarrow"sliverofservicebetweenphonecallstoanadvicenurseandavisittotheclinic.

Thepilotprogram,settoendinninemonths,alsohopestodeterminewhetheronlinevisitswillboostworkerproductivityenoughtooffsetthecostoftheservice.Sofar,theInternet'srecordinthehealthfieldhasbeenunderwhelming.Theexperimentis"ahugerollofthediceforHealing",notesMichaelBarrett,ananalystatInternetconsultingfirmForesterResearch.Ifthe"Webvisits"succeed,someHMOs(HealthMaintenanceOrganizations)areexpectedtopayforonlinevisits.Ifdoctors,employers,andpatientsaren'tsatisfied,figureononemoreE-healthstart-uptostanddown.

1.TheSiliconValleyemployerspromotetheE-healthprogramforthepurposeof（）.

2.Whatcanbelearnedabouttheon-linedoctors'visits?

3.Accordingtothesecondparagraph,doctorsare（）.

4."SmartSymptomWizard"iscapableof（）.

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthefutureofonlinevisitswillmostlydependonwhether（）.

問題1選項

A.rewardingtheiremployees

B.gratifyingthelocalhospitals

C.boostingworkerproductivity

D.testingasophisticatedtechnology

問題2選項

A.Theyareaquitepromisingbusiness.

B.Theyarefundedbythelocalgovernment.

C.Theyarewelcomedbyallthepatients.

D.Theyareverymuchunderexperimentation.

問題3選項

A.reluctanttoserveonlinefornothing

B.notinterestedinWebconsultation

C.tootiredtotalktothepatientonline

D.contentwith$20paidperWebvisit

問題4選項

A.makingdiagnoses

B.producingprescriptions

C.profilingpatients'illness

D.offeringatreatmentplan

問題5選項

A.theemployerswouldremainconfidentinthem

B.theycouldeffectivelyreplaceofficevisits

C.HMOswouldcoverthecostoftheservice

D.newtechnologieswouldbeavailabletoimprovetheE-healthproject

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:A

第4題:C

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:判斷推理題。最后一段指出了目的:Thepilotprogram,settoendinninemonths,alsohopestodeterminewhetheronlinevisitswillboostworkerproductivityenoughtooffsetthecostoftheservice(為期九個月的這次的試點項目，也希望去確定網(wǎng)上問診是否將提高員工的生產(chǎn)率足夠到抵消服務(wù)成本)。因此C項“提高工作效率”正確。

第2題:判斷推理題。第一段第二句指出:TheSiliconValleyEmployersForum,asophisticatedgroupoftechnologycompanies,islaunchingapilotprogramtotestonline“virtualvisits”(作為資深技術(shù)團隊的硅谷雇主論壇推出了一個試點項目來測試虛擬訪問（即網(wǎng)上問診）)。由此可知D選項“它們還在實驗當(dāng)中”正確。

第3題:細(xì)節(jié)事實題。A:醫(yī)生不愿意在網(wǎng)上免費服務(wù)。B:對網(wǎng)上咨詢不感興趣。C:太累而不能與病人在網(wǎng)上聊天。D:對一次網(wǎng)上問診20美元的價格滿意。第二段第一句及第二句指出:Doctorsaren’tclamoringtochatwithpatientsonlineforfree;thoughtheyspendsomeunpaidtimeonthephone.Only1in5haseverE-mailedapatient,andjust9percentareinterestedindoingso,accordingtotheresearchfirmCyberDialogue(醫(yī)生們并沒有叫嚷著要免費和病人在線聊天，盡管他們在電話上花了一些無償?shù)臅r間。據(jù)研究公司網(wǎng)絡(luò)對話（CyberDialogue）稱，只有五分之一的人曾給病人發(fā)過電子郵件，只有9%的人對此感興趣)。由此可知，A項正確，B項不正確。C項跟D項并未被文章提及，故排除。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實題。第三段指出:Healinx’s“SmartSymptomWizard”questionspatientsandturnsanswersintoasuccinctmessage(Healinx的“智能癥狀向?qū)А毕蚧颊咛釂?，并將答案轉(zhuǎn)化為簡潔的信息)。因此C選項“扼要描述病人的病情”正確。而其余三項均是醫(yī)生的工作。因此本題選C。

第5題:判斷推理題。A:雇主將仍對它們有信心。B:它們能有效替代醫(yī)院問診。C:健康維護(hù)組織會承擔(dān)服務(wù)費用。D:改善網(wǎng)絡(luò)健康工程的新技術(shù)將存在。最后一段指出:Ifthe“Webvisits”succeed,someHMOs（HealthMaintenanceOrganizations）areexpectedtopayforonlinevisits.Ifdoctors,employers,andpatientsaren'tsatisfied,figureononemoreE-healthstart-uptostanddown(如果“網(wǎng)上問診”成功，一些健康維護(hù)組織（HMO）將為在線訪問付費。如果醫(yī)生、雇主和病人都不滿意，那就再找一家電子健康初創(chuàng)公司)。由此可知D項正確，A項過于片面。而B項屬于過度推理，C項只是結(jié)果，并不是條件。因此本題選D。

5.單選題

It（

）howunleashingdomesticdemandinsurpluscountriescansupportstrongglobalgrowthasdeficitcountriesincreasesavingsandrepairbalancesheetsdamagedbythecrisis.

問題1選項

A.setson

B.setsin

C.setsover

D.setsout

【答案】D

【解析】詞組辨析。set...on“使……襲擊”；setin“到來；開始”；setover“置于…上，指派…管理，移交”；setout“出發(fā)，開始，陳述”。句意：它闡述了在赤字國家增加儲蓄、修復(fù)因危機而受損的資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表之際，盈余國家釋放內(nèi)需如何支撐強勁的全球增長。選項D符合題意。

6.單選題

We’veseena_______trendofconsumerssayingtheywillspendmore,fromholidayshoppingto2015travelplans,andspendingplansforFeb.14arenoexception.

問題1選項

A.consistent

B.persistent

C.insistent

D.resistant

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項consistent“始終如一的，（論點、觀點）前后一致的”；B選項persistent“持續(xù)的；執(zhí)著的”；C選項insistent“堅決的；（聲音、節(jié)奏等）持續(xù)的”；D選項resistant“抵制的；有抵抗力的”。句意：從假日購物到2015年旅游計劃，我們已經(jīng)看到了消費者_(dá)______的趨勢，他們會花更多的錢，2月14日的消費計劃也不例外。根據(jù)語境，這里指消費者的消費趨勢不會改變，所以consistent“始終如一的”符合題意。因此A選項正確。

7.單選題

—Hehas（）littletimeforreading.

—Ihaveneverseen（）littleboxes.

問題1選項

A.such;so

B.so;so

C.so;such

D.such;sucha

【答案】C

【解析】句意:——他讀書的時間少得可憐。

——我從未見過那樣小的盒子。

考查副詞辨析。用solittle還是suchlittle取決于little的意思：表示數(shù)量方面的“少”，則用solittle;表示形狀體積的“小”，則用suchlittle.即，句中若出現(xiàn)little（少），much,many,few必須用so,因此，第一句中的little是指“少”，故用so;第二句中的little是形容體積的“小”，故用such。

8.單選題

Wemovedtothenewhouseinthesuburbssothatthekidswouldhaveagarden______.

問題1選項

A.inwhichtoplay

B.toplaywith

C.toplay

D.wheretoplay

【答案】A

【解析】考查定語從句。句意：我們搬到了郊區(qū)的新房子，這樣孩子們就有一個可以玩耍的花園。橫線部分是修飾garden的定語從句，根據(jù)詞組playinagarden確定有介詞in，根據(jù)花園用來玩的目的確定有to，A選項inwhichtoplay符合題意。D選項wheretoplay引導(dǎo)地點狀語從句，garden本身表示地點，故錯誤。因此A選項正確。

9.問答題

Directions:Thispartconsistsofashortpassage.Inthispassage,therearealtogether10mistakes,oneineachnumberedline.Youmayhavetochangeaword,addoword,ordeleteaword.MarkoutthemistakesandputthecorrectionsintheblanksprovidedontheAnswerSheet.Ifyouchangeaword,underlineitandwritethecorrectwordinthecorrespondingblank.Ifyouaddaword,putaninsertionmark()intherightplaceand-writethemissingwordintheblank.Ifyoudeleteaword,underlineitandputaslash(/)intheblank.

【答案】1.brand改成brands

2.distinguish改成differ

3.manufacturer改成manufacturer's

4.at改成in

5.much改成little

6.to改成with

7.their改成its

8.unpleasant改成pleasant

9.need改成needs

10.advertised改成advertising

【解析】1.詞匯錯誤—單復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)前面的“severaldifferent很多不同的”可知，此處的brand應(yīng)該是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，故應(yīng)該是brands“品牌”。

2.搭配錯誤。distinguishAfromB表示“區(qū)分A和B”，但是，此處表示“兩者差別不大，兩者沒有什么不同”，因此，根據(jù)搭配應(yīng)該為：differfrom“與……不同”。

3.語法錯誤—比較結(jié)構(gòu)平行關(guān)系。此處是比較兩個“manufacturer’stoothpaste廠商的牙好”，因此，后面的manufacture應(yīng)該加上“s”的所有格，與前面保持一致，即需要體現(xiàn)比較對象“牙膏”。

4.固定搭配。varyin在…方面變化；在…方面有差異。

5.詞匯錯誤—程度形容詞。該處句意為:這些因素使得店家沒有太多理由去選擇某一種商品。故much應(yīng)該改成little才符合句意。

6.固定搭配。beconfrontedwith面對。

7.代詞錯誤。主語是“eachmanufacturingcompany”,而后文的代詞指的就是“每個生產(chǎn)公司”，故代詞應(yīng)該用單數(shù)，即its。

8.詞匯錯誤—形容詞。前文談及兩種廣告類型，目的是吸引買者或潛在買者，因此，此處應(yīng)該是用“somethingpleasant愉快的東西”來吸引買者。

9.語法錯誤—主謂一致。因為該句主語是one,所以，謂語動詞應(yīng)該使用第三人稱單數(shù)，即needs。

10.詞匯誤用。advertised是過去分詞，而此處是形容詞修飾strategy；因此，應(yīng)該是advertising“廣告（業(yè)）的”，表示“廣告策略”。

10.單選題

Itisnoteasytoremaintranquilwheneventssuddenlychangeyourlife.

問題1選項

A.calm

B.upset

C.steady

D.severe

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞辨析。tranquil“安靜的，平靜的；安寧的”；A選項calm“平靜的；沉著的”；B選項upset“心煩的；混亂的；弄翻的”；C選項steady“穩(wěn)定的；不變的；沉著的”；D選項severe“嚴(yán)峻的；嚴(yán)厲的；劇烈的；苛刻的”。句意：當(dāng)事情突然改變你的生活時，保持平靜是不容易的。根據(jù)句中“Itisnoteasy不容易的”與“wheneventssuddenlychangeyourlife當(dāng)事件突然改變你的生活時”可知tranquil在這里的意思應(yīng)為“平靜的”，因此A選項正確。

11.單選題

Mostpeopleconsiderthelandscapetobeunchanging,butEarthisadynamicbody,anditssurfaceiscontinuallyaltering—slowlyonthehumantimescale,butrelativelyrapidlywhencomparedtothegreatageofBarth(about4,500billionyears).Therearetwoprincipalinfluencesthatshapetheterrain:constructiveprocessessuchasuplift,whichcreatenewlandscapefeatures,anddestructiveforcessuchaserosion,whichgraduallywearawayexposedlandforms.

Hillsandmountainsareoftenregardedastheepitomeofpermanence,successfullyresistingthedestructiveforcesofnature,butinfacttheytendtoberelativelyshort-livedingeologicalterms.Asageneralrule,thehigheramountainis,themorerecentlyitwasformed;forexample,thehighmountainsoftheHimalayasareonlyabout50millionyearsold.Lowermountainstendtobeolder,andareoftentheerodedrelicsofmuchhighermountainchains.About400millionyearsago,whenthepresent-daycontinentsofNorthAmericaandEuropewerejoined,theCaledonianmountainchainwasthesamesizeasthemodernHimalayas.Today,however,therelicsoftheCaledonianorogeny(mountain-buildingperiod)existasthecomparativelylowmountainsofGreenland,thenorthernAppalachiansintheUnitedStates,theScottishHighlands,andtheNorwegiancoastalplateau.

TheEarth’scrustisthoughttobedividedintohuge,movablesegments,calledplates,whichfloatonasoftplasticlayerofrock,Somemountainswereformedasaresultoftheseplatescrashingintoeachotherandforcinguptherockattheplatemargins.Inthisprocess,sedimentaryrocksthatoriginallyformedontheseabedmaybefoldedupwardstoaltitudesofmorethan26,000feet.Othermountainsmayberaisedbyearthquakes,whichfracturetheEarth’scrustandcandisplaceenoughrocktoproduceblockmountains.Athirdtypeofmountainmaybeformedasaresultofvolcanicactivitywhichoccursinregionsofactivefoldmountainbelts,suchasintheCascadeRangeofwesternNorthAmerica.TheCascadesaremadeupoflavasandvolcanicmaterials.Manyofthepeaksareextinctvolcanoes.

Whateverthereasonformountainformation,assoonaslandrisesabovesealevelitissubjectedtodestructiveforces.Theexposedrocksareattackedbythevariousweatherprocessesandgraduallybrokendownintofragments,whicharethencarriedawayandlaterdepositedassediments.Thus,anylandscaperepresentsonlyatemporarystageinthecontinuousbattlebetweentheforcesofupliftandthoseoferosion.

Theweather,initsmanyforms,isthemainagentoferosion.Rainwashesawayloosesoilandpenetratescracksintherocks.Carbondioxideintheairreactswiththerainwater,formingaweakacid(carbonicacid)thatmaychemicallyattacktherocks.Therainseepsundergroundandthewatermanyreappearlaterassprings.Thesespringsarethesourcesofstreamsandrivers,whichcutthroughtherocksandcarryawaydebrisfromthemountainstothelowlands.

Underverycoldconditions,rockscanbeshatteredbyiceandfrost.Glaciersmayforminpermanentlycoldareas,andtheseslowlymovingmassesoficecutoutvalleys,carryingwiththemhugequantitiesoferodedrockdebris.Indryareasthewindistheprincipalagentoferosion.Itcriesfineparticlesofsand,whichbombardexposedrocksurfaces,therebywearingthemintoyetmoresand.Evenlivingthingscontributetotheformationoflandscapes.Treerootsforcetheirwayintocracksinrocksand,insodoing,speedtheirslitting.Incontrast,therootsofgrassesandothersmallplantsmayhelptoholdloosesoilfragmentstogether,therebyhelpingtopreventerosionbythewind.

50.Accordingtoparagraph1,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueofchangesinEarth’slandscape?

51.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromparagraph2aboutthemountainsoftheHimalayas?

52.Theword“relics”inparagraph2isclosestinmeaningto______.

53.WhydoestheauthormentionCarbondioxideinthepassage?

問題1選項

A.Theyoccurmoreoftenbyupliftthanbyerosion.

B.Theyoccuronlyatspecialtimes.

C.Theyoccurlessfrequentlynowthantheyoncedid.

D.Theyoccurquicklyingeologicalterms.

問題2選項

A.Theircurrentheightisnotanindicationoftheirage.

B.Atpresent,theyaremuchhigherthanthemountainsoftheCaledonianrange.

C.Theywereauniformheightabout400millionyearsago.

D.TheyarenotashighastheCaledonianmountainswere400millionyearsago.

問題3選項

A.resemblances

B.regions

C.remains

D.restorations

問題4選項

A.Toexplaintheoriginofachemicalthatcaneroderocks.

B.Tocontrastcarbondioxidewithcarbonicacid.

C.Togiveanexampleofhowrainwaterpenetratessoil.

D.Toargueforthedesirabilityofpreventingerosion.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

【解析】50.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“根據(jù)第一段，關(guān)于地球景觀的變化，下列哪項陳述是正確的？”。根據(jù)第一段第一句中的anditssurfaceiscontinuallyaltering—slowlyonthehumantimescale,butrelativelyrapidlywhencomparedtothegreatageofBarth(about4,500billionyears)（地球的外貌在人類文明進(jìn)程中一直保持著持續(xù)緩慢的變化，但是與大約4500億年前的冰河時代的地貌變化相比，這個進(jìn)程的確快了很多）可知，地球景觀從地質(zhì)上來說，變化的還是比較快的，所以D項“從地質(zhì)學(xué)的角度上來看，它們變化得很快”正確。根據(jù)第一段最后一句Therearetwoprincipalinfluencesthatshapetheterrain:constructiveprocessessuchasuplift,whichcreatenewlandscapefeatures,anddestructiveforcessuchaserosion,whichgraduallywearawayexposedlandforms.（塑造地形的主要影響因素有兩種：一種是建設(shè)過程，如隆起，產(chǎn)生新的景觀特征；另一種是破壞性力量，如侵蝕，逐漸磨損裸露的地形。）可知，A項“它們通常是由地殼隆起而不是由地殼侵蝕產(chǎn)生的”錯誤。B項“他們只發(fā)生在特殊的時間”和C項“它們發(fā)生的頻率比以前少”在第一段沒有提到。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

51.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“從第二段可以推斷出關(guān)于喜馬拉雅山脈的下列哪項？”。根據(jù)第二段中的Lowermountainstendtobeolder…About400millionyearsago,whenthepresent-daycontinentsofNorthAmericaandEuropewerejoined,theCaledonianmountainchainwasthesamesizeasthemodernHimalayas.（較低的山脈往往更古老……大約4億年前，當(dāng)現(xiàn)在的北美大陸和歐洲大陸合并時，加里東山脈和現(xiàn)在的喜馬拉雅山一樣大。）可知，在4億年前加里東山脈就和現(xiàn)在的喜馬拉雅山一樣大，那么加里東山脈至少存在了4億年，而較低的山脈往往更古老，可以反推，古老的山脈高度也較低，所以B項“目前，它們比加里東山脈高得多”正確。A項“它們目前的高度并不能說明它們的年齡”錯誤，文中提到了“較低的山脈更古老”。第二段提到thehighmountainsoftheHimalayasareonlyabout50millionyearsold（喜馬拉雅山的高山只有大約5000萬年的歷史），可知喜馬拉雅和加里東山脈的存在時間是不一樣的，故C項“它們在大約4億年前是統(tǒng)一的高度”錯誤。D項“它們不像4億年前的加里東山脈那么高”，與文章表述不符合。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

52.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】語義推測題。題干意思是“第二段中的relics的意思與下列哪一項最接近？”。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞可以定位到第二段最后一句therelicsoftheCaledonianorogeny(mountain-buildingperiod)exist…（加里東造山運動的relics仍然存在……），以及第三句Lowermountainstendtobeolder,andareoftentheerodedrelicsofmuchhighermountainchains.（較低的山脈往往更古老，而且往往都是高得多的山脈鏈的侵蝕relics），文中提到加里東造山運動有大約4億年了，而且較低的山脈往往更古老，所以可以推斷，現(xiàn)在存在的是加里東造山運動的遺跡，所以relics指的就是“遺跡、遺址”的意思，C項“遺跡”符合。A項“相似之處”、B項“地區(qū)”和D項“修復(fù)”都不正確。因此，該題選擇C項正確。

53.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】推理判斷題。題干意思是“為什么作者在文章中提到二氧化碳？”。文章倒數(shù)第二段提到Carbondioxideintheairreactswiththerainwater,formingaweakacid(carbonicacid)thatmaychemicallyattacktherocks.（空氣中的二氧化碳與雨水發(fā)生反應(yīng)，形成一種弱酸，即碳酸，這種弱酸可能會對巖石產(chǎn)生化學(xué)侵蝕），由此可知，作者在這里提到二氧化碳是解釋一種可能侵蝕巖石的化學(xué)物質(zhì)的起源，故A項“為了解釋一種可以侵蝕巖石的化學(xué)物質(zhì)的起源”正確。B項“對比二氧化碳和碳酸”并不全面。C項“舉例說明雨水如何滲透土壤”，雨水只是沖走巖石上的土壤并流入到巖石縫隙中和二氧化碳產(chǎn)生反應(yīng)，這里提到二氧化碳并不是為了說明雨水是如何滲透土壤的，C項錯誤。D項“論證防止侵蝕的可取性”，文中并沒有提到防止侵蝕的相關(guān)內(nèi)容。因此，該題選擇A項正確。

12.問答題

Normal

0

7.8磅

0

2

false

false

false

EN-US

ZH-CN

X-NONE

Insomequarters(A)qualitativeeasingisstillataintedterm,

associated(B)bothwithmercantilism,asaweaponinacurrencywar,or

(C)monetaryadventurism.Butthestigmaisfading.Indeedsomecentral

banksnowsaytheyaredoingQEevenwhen(D)theydon't.TheBankof

Korea,forexample,(E)hasresolvedtobuyunlimitedamountsofbondsfromfinancialinstitutionsthatpromiseto(F)repurchasethem

afterthreepurchases.FeweconomistswoulddescribethemasQE.Butfarfrom(H)resist

theterm,（）.(I)Everin

thefieldofcentralbankinghavesomanyworriedsolittleaboutbuyingso

much.

【答案】1.A，改成quantativeeasing。

2.B，改成eitherwith。

3.D，改成theyaren’t。

4.H，改成resisting。

5.I，改成Neverinthefieldof。

【解析】1.句意：在某些領(lǐng)域，QE仍是一個有污點的術(shù)語…。此段講的是“量化寬松(QE)”,其全程應(yīng)為quantativeeasing。

2.句意：要么與重商主義（作為貨幣戰(zhàn)爭中的武器）有聯(lián)系，要么與貨幣冒險主義有聯(lián)系。根據(jù)后面的連詞or可知，B處應(yīng)該是“eitherwith”，“either…or…”表示“要么…要么…”。

3.句意：一些央行現(xiàn)在確實表示自己正在實施量化寬松政策，盡管他們并沒有這么做。這里用了省略，實際上應(yīng)該是“whentheyarenotdoingQE”。

4.句意：但韓國銀行并沒有抵制這一術(shù)語…。Farfrom在此表示“遠(yuǎn)飛，絕不，并沒有”，后面應(yīng)該接doingsth.。

5.句意：在中央銀行領(lǐng)域，從來沒有這么多人對購買這么多債券如此不擔(dān)心。根據(jù)句意可知，這里表示否定，所以應(yīng)該是否定詞never放句首，后面用了倒裝。

13.單選題

Thebedhasbeen（）inthefamily.Itwasmygreat-grandmother’soriginally.

問題1選項

A.handedout

B.handedover

C.handeddown

D.handedround

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。A選項handout“分發(fā)；施舍”，B選項handover“移交；提交”，C選項handdown“宣布；把……傳下去”，D選項handaround“分發(fā)；傳閱”；然后我們帶入原句可以發(fā)現(xiàn)原句想表達(dá)的意思應(yīng)該是這張床是家里流傳下來的，因此C選項符合題意。句意為：這張床是家里傳下來的。原來是我曾祖母的。

14.單選題

Spacemayseemremote,butit’sreallynotthatfaraway.Ifyoucoulddriveyourcarstraightup,injustafewhoursyou’dreachthealtitudeatwhichthespaceshuttleflies.Thepopularorbitsforsatellitesbegintwiceasfarup—about400milesaboveourheads.TheretelecommunicationsandweathersatellitesorbitatthesameratethatEarthrotates,allowingthemtohoveraboveasinglespotontheEquator.

ItwastheexplosionsofderelictrocketsthatfirstdrewNASA’sattentiontodebris.Inthe1970sDeltarocketsleftinorbitafterdeliveringtheirpayloadsbeganblowingup.Aninvestigationshowedthatthebulkheadsseparatingtheleftoverfuelswereprobablycrackingasaresultoftherocket’spassinginandoutofsunlight.NASAbeganrecommendingthatleftoverfuelsbeburnedattheendofaflight,orthattheybeventedintospace.Sincethenmostpublicandprivatelaunchershavetakensimilarmeasures—suchstepsarerelativelyinexpensivemeansoflimitingdebris.Still,everyfewmonthsonaverageanoldrocketorsatelliteexplodes,flingingacloudofdebrisintospace.

FormanyyearsNASAandtheDepartmentofDefensewereskepticalaboutthedangersofspacedebris.Theproblemseemedabstract,residingmoreincomputermodelsthaninhardexperience.Anditchallengedthecan-domentalityofspaceenthusiasts.Earth’sorbitseemedtoolargeandemptytopollute.Toitscredit,NASAhaslongmaintainedadebris-researchprogram,staffedbytop-notchscientistswhohavepersistedinpointingoutthelong-termhazardsofspacejunkevenwhenthehigher-upsatNASAhaven’twantedtohearaboutit.ThencametheChallengeraccident,in1986.NASAofficialsrealizedthattheiremphasisonhumanspaceflightcouldbackfire.Ifpeoplediedinspace,publicsupportfortheshuttleprogramcouldunravel.

EngineerstookanewlookattheshuttleandtheInternationalSpaceStation.Designedinthe1970s,whendebriswasnotconsideredafactor,theshuttlewasdeterminedtobeclearlyvulnerable.Afteralmosteverymissionwidowsontheshuttlearesobadlypittedbymicroscopicdebristhattheyneedtobereplaced.SoonNASAwasflyingtheshuttleupsidedownandbackward,sothatitsrockets,ratherthanthemor