書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-蘭州理工大學(xué)技術(shù)工程學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Ithinkitadvisablethathe（

）Tokyosoon.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.willleave

B.mayleave

C.leave

D.leaves

【答案】C

【解析】【試題解析】考查語法結(jié)構(gòu)。由“itisnecessary/important/advisable/anxious/essential...”等結(jié)構(gòu)后的主語從句中要用虛擬語氣（即should+動詞原形或只用動詞原形）知C項(xiàng)“l(fā)eave”正確。

2.單選題

Theenergycrisis,whichisbeingfeltaroundtheworld,hasdramatizedhowthecarelessuseoftheearth’sresourceshasbroughtthewholeworldtothebrinkofdisaster.Theoverdevelopmentofmotortransport,withitsincreaseofmorecars,morehighways,morepollution,moresuburbs,morecommuting,hascontributedtotheneardestructionofourcities.Thedisasterhasarrivedintheformoftheenergycrisis.

Ourpresentsituationisunlikewar,revolutionordepression.Worldwideresourcesexploitationandenergyusehavebroughtustoastatewherelongrangeplanningisessential.Whatweneedisnotacontinuationofourpresentseriousstate,whichendangersthefutureofourcountry,ourchildren,andourearth,butamovementforwardtoanewnorminordertoworkrapidlyandeffectivelyonplanetaryproblems.

Thiscountryhasbeenfallingbackunderthecontinuingexposuresoflossofmoralityandtherevelationthatlawbreakinghasreachedintothehighestplacesintheland.Thereisastrongdemandformoralrevivalandforsomedevotionthatisvastenoughandyetpersonalenoughtoenlistthedevotionofall.Inthepastithasbeenonlyinawayofdefenseoftheirowncountryandtheirownidealsthatanypeoplehavebeenabletodevotethemselveswholeheartedly.

Thisisthefirsttimethatwehavebeenaskedtodefendourselvesandwhatweholddearincooperationwithalltheotherinhabitantsofthisplanet,whosharewithusthesameendangeredairandthesameendangeredoceans.Thereisacommonneedtoreassessourpresentcourse,tochangethatcourseandtodevisenewmethodsthroughwhichtheworldcansurvive.Thisisapricelessopportunity.

Tograspitweneedawidespreadunderstandingofnatureifthecrisisconfrontingus—andtheworld—isacrisisthatisnopassinginconvenience,nobyproductoftheambitionsoftheoilproducingcountries,noenvironmentalists’merefears,nobyproductofanypresentsystemofgovernment.Whatwefaceistheoutcomeoftheinventionofthelastfourhundredyears.Whatweneedisatransformedlifestyle.Thisnewlifestylecanflowdirectlyfromscienceandtechnology,butitsacceptancedependsonasinceredevotiontofindingahigherqualityoflifefortheworld’schildrenandfuturegeneration.

1.Whichconditiondoestheauthorfeelhasnearlydestroyedourcities?

2.Theauthorinthesecondparagraphstateswhatweneedinourpresentsituationis（

）.

3.Accordingtotheauthor,whatisoneexampleofourlossofmorality?

4.Bycomparingpastproblemswithpresentones,theauthordrawsattentiontothe（

）

.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Lackoffinancialplanning.

B.Thebreakupofthefamily.

C.Naturaldisastersinmanyregions.

D.Theexcessivegrowthofmotors.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.acontinuationofourpresentseriousstate

B.worldwideresourcesexploitationandenergyuse

C.amovementforwardtoanewnormtoplanetresearchwork

D.astatewherelong-rangeplanningisessentialtous

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Disregardforlaw.

B.Lackofdevotion.

C.Lackofcooperation.

D.Exploitationofresources.

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.significanceofthiscrisis

B.inadequacyofgovernments

C.similarityofthepasttothepresent

D.hopelessnessofthesituation

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Theoverdevelopmentofmotortransport,withitsincreaseofmorecars,morehighways,morepollution,moresuburbs,morecommuting,hascontributedtotheneardestructionofourcities.汽車運(yùn)輸?shù)倪^度發(fā)展，伴隨著更多的汽車，更多的高速公路，更多的污染，更多的郊區(qū)，更多的通勤，已經(jīng)導(dǎo)致了我們城市的幾乎毀滅?！庇纱丝芍瑢?dǎo)致城市幾乎毀滅的是汽車運(yùn)輸?shù)倪^度發(fā)展。選項(xiàng)D選項(xiàng)‘汽車的過度增長’為正確答案。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。從文中第二段的內(nèi)容和第二句結(jié)尾“l(fā)ongrangeplanningisessential長期規(guī)劃是必不可少的”，推知D項(xiàng)‘一個(gè)長期規(guī)劃對我們至關(guān)重要的狀態(tài)’為正確答案。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。從文中第三段第二句“Thereisastrongdemandformoralrevivalandforsomedevotionthatisvastenoughandyetpersonalenoughtoenlistthedevotionofall．Inthepastithasbeenonlyinawayindefenseoftheirowncountryandtheirownidealsthatanypeoplehavebeenabletodevotethemselveswholeheartedly．有一種強(qiáng)烈的要求，要求道德復(fù)興和一些足夠廣泛但又足夠個(gè)人的奉獻(xiàn)，以爭取所有人的奉獻(xiàn)。在過去，只有在某種程度上，為了保衛(wèi)自己的國家和自己的理想，人們才能夠全心全意地奉獻(xiàn)自己。”由此可知“Lackofdevotion”正確，即B項(xiàng)為正確答案。

4.判斷推理題。從文中的內(nèi)容推知，作者通過對過去和現(xiàn)在的問題的比較，是想使人們認(rèn)識到能源危機(jī)的重要性，即A項(xiàng)為正確答案。

3.單選題

Allpartsofthissewingmachineare（

）sothatitisverysimpletogetreplacementsforthem.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.mechanized

B.minimized

C.modernized

D.standardized

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。mechanize意為“使機(jī)械化”；minimize意為“使最小化，使減少到最低限度”；modernize意為“使現(xiàn)代化”；standardize意為“使標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化，使符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（或規(guī)格）”。

由itisverysimpletogetreplacements（替換很簡單）可推測Allpartsofthissewingmachine（縫紉機(jī)的所有零部件）應(yīng)是“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件”，因此選D。

句意：這臺縫紉機(jī)的所有零件都是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的——所以很容易就能找到它們的替換件。

4.單選題

Shehastobevery______becauseshehasn’tmuchmoney.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.economic

B.economical

C.sparing

D.careful

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A項(xiàng)economic“經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的，經(jīng)濟(jì)上的”，B項(xiàng)economical“經(jīng)濟(jì)的，節(jié)約的”，C項(xiàng)sparing“適度的”，D項(xiàng)careful“仔細(xì)的，小心的”。根據(jù)后面的句子hasn’tmuchmoney“沒有太多錢”可知，空格部分表示“節(jié)省，節(jié)儉”符合語境。句意：她必須非常節(jié)儉，因?yàn)樗龥]有多少錢。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

MostbroadcastersmaintainthatTVhasbeenunfairlycriticizedandarguethatthepowerofmediumis（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.granted

B.implied

C.exaggerated

D.remedied

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)grant“授予，允許”；B選項(xiàng)imply“暗示”；C選項(xiàng)exaggerate“夸大”；D選項(xiàng)remedy“補(bǔ)救，糾正”。句意：大多數(shù)廣播公司認(rèn)為電視受到了不公正的批評，認(rèn)為媒體的力量被夸大了。選項(xiàng)C符合語境。

6.單選題

（）theheattoasimmerandcontinuetocookforanother8-10minutesoruntilmostofthewaterhasevaporated.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Turnoff

B.Turndown

C.Turnover

D.Turnup

【答案】B

【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。A選項(xiàng)turnoff“關(guān)掉，關(guān)閉；拐彎，使轉(zhuǎn)變方向；使失去興趣”；B選項(xiàng)turndown“減小，關(guān)小，調(diào)低；拒絕”；C選項(xiàng)turnover“移交給；翻閱；把……翻過來；發(fā)動；營業(yè)額達(dá)到；反復(fù)考慮”；D選項(xiàng)turnup“出現(xiàn)；發(fā)生；開大；發(fā)現(xiàn)；卷起；使仰臥”。句意：把火關(guān)小燉，繼續(xù)煮8-10分鐘，或直到大部分水蒸發(fā)。因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

7.單選題

Bysigningtheleasewemadea______topayarentof$150aweek.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.conception

B.commission

C.commitment

D.confinement

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。makeacommitment“承諾”。句意：根據(jù)所簽的租賃合同，我們承諾每周付150美元的租金。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

8.單選題

Duetopersonality（

）,thetwocolleaguesnevergowellinwork.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.confrontation

B.contradiction

C.conflict

D.competition

【答案】C

【解析】考察名詞、介詞辨析。personalityconflict“性格不合”。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

9.單選題

Ahumanbeingisquite（

）creature,fortheglossofrationalitythatcovershisorherfearsand（

）isthinandofteneasilybreached.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.afrail...insecurity

B.avaliant...phobias

C.anambitious...morality

D.aludicrous...laughter

【答案】A

【解析】形容詞和名詞詞義辨析題。A選項(xiàng)的frail‘脆弱的，身體虛弱的”；insecurity“不安全，無保障”；B選項(xiàng)的valiant“勇敢的”；phobia“恐懼，厭惡”；C選項(xiàng)的ambitious“有野心的，有強(qiáng)烈欲望的，有抱負(fù)的”;morality“道德，品行”;D選項(xiàng)的ludicrous“滑稽的，荒唐可笑的”;laughter“笑，笑聲”。根據(jù)句意‘人類是一種極為脆弱的生物體，因?yàn)檠谏w著其恐懼心和不安全感的那層理性的外表是那么的薄弱，且常常易于破裂’確定A選項(xiàng)正確。

10.翻譯題

Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglishontheAnswerSheet.

時(shí)下，在北京的圖書館、博物館甚至?xí)昀?，?jīng)常有一些大大小小不同類型的文化講座，這些講座，小而言之，只是一次次知識的宣講，大而言之，則是先進(jìn)文化的傳播。在這方面，中國現(xiàn)代文學(xué)館組織的周末義務(wù)講座無疑是開風(fēng)氣之先、具有示范作用的。這里一時(shí)間竟出現(xiàn)了作家學(xué)者主動報(bào)名講演，聽者以能占有一席之地為榮的局面，可以相信，越來越多的人自覺進(jìn)入求學(xué)殿堂，將大大促進(jìn)我國國民素質(zhì)的提升。

【答案】Nowadays,fromlibrariesandmuseumsinBeijingtobookstores,thereareoftenculturallecturesondifferentscalesandvariedsizes.Theselectures,inpracticalterms,arerepeatedknowledgeimpartations.Intheoreticalterms,they’rethedisseminationofadvancedculture.Inthisregard,theweekendlecturesorganizedbytheMuseumofModernChineseLiteratureareundoubtedlypioneeringandexemplary.Here,manywritersandscholarsvolunteertobeenteredforopportunitiestogivelectureswhiletheaudienceishonoredwhengivenaseat.Itcanbebelievedthatmoreandmorepeopleconsciouslyintotheeducationalprograms,whichwillgreatlypromotethenationalqualityofourcitizens.

11.單選題

Onhearingthenews,IwentuptoDale’sroom,removedthehamsterfromitscageand,paying（）attentiontohergrief,proceededtoswingitaroundbyitstailtomakesureitreallywasdead.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.scarce

B.bare

C.insufficient

D.scant

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)scarce“缺乏的，不足的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)罕見，稀有；B選項(xiàng)bare“空的，赤裸的”；C選項(xiàng)insufficient“缺乏能力的”；D選項(xiàng)scant“缺乏的，不足的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是減少，限制。句意：聽到這個(gè)消息后，我前往黛爾的房間，把那只倉鼠從籠子里拿出來，毫不在意她的悲傷，接著提著它的尾巴甩來甩去，看看它是不是真的死了。句中指的是對黛爾的悲傷視而不見，所以選項(xiàng)D更恰當(dāng)。

12.單選題

Wedon’tthinkthathis（

）abilityhasbeenwelldeveloped.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.possible

B.potential

C.initial

D.invisible

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。possible“可能的”；potential“有潛力的”；initial“最初的”；invisible“看不見的”。句意：我們認(rèn)為他的潛力沒有被好好挖掘。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

13.單選題

Developmentprogramsinitiatedinthetribal-dominatedareasoftenadverselyaffectedthetribalwayoflifeandeconomy,whichwasfrequentlyfollowedbythe（）ontraditionaltribalareasorlandbynon-tribals.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.encroachment

B.expansion

C.enormity

D.elevation

【答案】A

【解析】名詞詞義辨析。encroachment“入侵”；expansion“膨脹”；enormity“暴行”；elevation“提升，海拔”。句意：在部落占主導(dǎo)地位的地區(qū)開展的發(fā)展項(xiàng)目往往對部落的生活方式和經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)生不利影響，并且通常伴隨著部落傳統(tǒng)領(lǐng)地經(jīng)常被其他外來種族入侵。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

14.單選題

GrandmaMosesisamongthemostcelebratedtwentiethcenturypaintersoftheUnitedStates,yetshehadbarelystartedpaintingbeforeshewasinherlateseventies.Assheoncesaidofherself:“Iwouldneversitbackinarockingchair,waitingforsomeonetohelpme.”Noonecouldhavehadamoreproductiveage.

ShewasbornAnnaMaryRobertsononafarminNewYorkState,oneoffiveboysandfivegirls.(“Wecameinbunches,likeradishes.’’)Attwelveshelefthomeandwasindomesticserviceuntil,attwentyseven,shemarriedTomasMoses,thehiredhandofoneofheremployers.Theyfarmedmostoftheirlives,firstinVirginiaandtheninNewYorkState,atEagleBridge.Shehadtenchildren,ofwhomfivesurvived;herhusbanddiedin1927.GrandmaMosespaintedalittleasachildandmadeembroiderypicturesasahobby,butonlyswitchedtooilsinoldagebecauseherhandshadbecometoostifftosewandshewantedtokeepbusyandpassthetime.Herpictureswerefirstsoldatthelocaldrugstoreandatafair,andweresoonspottedbyadealerwhoboughteverythingshepainted.ThreeofthepictureswereexhibitedintheMuseumofModernArt,andin1940shehadherfirstexhibitioninNewYork.Betweenthe1930'sandherdeathsheproducedsome2,000pictures:detailedandlivelyportrayalsoftherurallifeshehadknownforsolong,withamarveloussenseofcolorandform.'"IthinkreallyhardtillIthinkofsomethingreallypretty,andthenIpaintit”shesaid.

1.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

2.Accordingtothepassage,GrandmaMosesbegantopaintbecauseshewantedto（

）.

3.FromGrandmaMoses’descriptionofherselfinthefirstparagraph,itcanbeinferredthatshewas

（

）.

4.GrandmaMosesspentmostofherlife

（

）.

5.Inline14,theword“spotted”couldbestbereplacedby（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.GrandmaMoses:ABiographicalSketch.

B.TheChildrenofGrandmaMoses.

C.GrandmaMoses:HerBestExhibition.

D.GrandmaMosesandOtherOlderArtists.

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.decorateherhome

B.keepactive

C.improvehersalary

D.gainaninternationalreputation

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.independent

B.pretty

C.wealthy

D.timid

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.nursing

B.painting

C.embroideries

D.farming

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.speckled

B.featured

C.noticed

D.damaged

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。題目問的是“最適合做文章標(biāo)題的是……”。文章全文講述了GrandmaMoses的個(gè)人及藝術(shù)生涯，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“GrandmaMoses開始畫畫是為了……”。文章第一段提到“我不想坐在搖椅上等別人來幫助我”（Iwouldneversitbackinarockingchair,waitingforsomeonetohelpme），第二段提到“想讓自己把持忙碌來打發(fā)時(shí)間”（shewantedtokeepbusyandpassthetime），由此可知選項(xiàng)B“保持活躍”符合題意。

3.判斷推理題。題目問的是“從第一段中GrandmaMoses對于自己的描述可以得知……”。文章第一段提到“我不想坐在搖椅上等別人來幫助我”（Iwouldneversitbackinarockingchair,waitingforsomeonetohelpme），可以看出她是一個(gè)非常獨(dú)立的人，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題目問的是“GrandmaMoses大部分時(shí)間花在了……”。文章第二段提到“他們大半生時(shí)間是在農(nóng)場度過的”（Theyfarmedmostoftheirlives），由此可知選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

5.詞義題。題目問的是“spotted可以由哪個(gè)詞代替”。文章第二段中提到“（她的畫作）很快被一個(gè)經(jīng)銷商……，買走了她畫的所有東西”（andweresoonspottedbyadealerwhoboughteverythingshepainted），可以推測畫作很快被發(fā)現(xiàn)，接著被買走，因此，spotted在這里的意思應(yīng)該是“被發(fā)現(xiàn)，被注意到”，選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

15.單選題

UndertherulesoftheInternationalOlympicCommittee,JimThorpeforfeitedhisamateurstatuswhenheplayedsemiprofessionalbaseballin1911.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.testedt

B.exploitedt

C.announcedt

D.lost

【答案】D

【解析】考查動詞辨析。forfeit表示“喪失權(quán)利、名譽(yù)、生命等”；A項(xiàng)test“測試”，B項(xiàng)exploit“開發(fā)，開拓”，C項(xiàng)announce“宣布”，D項(xiàng)lost“丟失，喪失”。句意：根據(jù)國際奧委會的規(guī)定，當(dāng)吉姆索普在1911年參加半職業(yè)棒球比賽時(shí)，他就喪失了業(yè)余棒球運(yùn)動員的身份。根據(jù)句意可知，該題選擇D項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

Thenumberofstay-at-homefathersreachedarecordhighlastyear,newfiguresshow,asfamiliessawa(n)________infemalebreadwinners.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.raise

B.rise

C.arise

D.increase

【答案】D

【解析】考查近義詞辨析。由前后得知空白處需要填一個(gè)可數(shù)名詞。作名詞時(shí)，raise“提高，升”，表示某事物升了級別；rise“上升，增加”通常指數(shù)量增加或水平提高，為不可數(shù)名詞；arise沒有名詞用法；increase“增加，增加額”，指大小和強(qiáng)度增加。句意：新的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，因?yàn)榧彝ブ袙赍X女性人數(shù)的增加，去年全職爸爸的數(shù)量達(dá)到了歷史新高。因此只有D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

17.翻譯題

BeforeeveryNewYearormajorcelebration,therewouldbeageneralcleaning.Theroomcouldusuallybekepttidyforacoupleofmonths,butoftenitwasamatterofonlyafewdaysbeforetheroomwasamessagain,andthatwasmainlyduetothosebooks,pilesofbooks,everywhere.WheneverIwasoutonbusiness,Icouldn’thelpgoingtobookstores,andonceIwasthere,Icouldneverresistthetemptationofbuyingmore.Newbooks,booksthatIhadathoughtofreading,booksofwhichIonlyfinishedhalf,booksneededformywriting,andbooksthathadvaluestokeeptookupmostofthespaceinmyroom,andtheywereeverexpanding,eatingupallthetimetheremainingpartofmyroomthatprovidedtheminimumspaceformeasthedwellerthere.Isn’tthisaninvasion?ButIacceptedinvasionofsuchkindwithcomfortandpleasure.

【答案】每年新年或重大慶典前，都會進(jìn)行大掃除。房間通常能保持幾個(gè)月的整潔，但往往只是幾天的事情，房間就又亂了，這主要是因?yàn)槟切啥训臅?，到處都是。每?dāng)我出差的時(shí)候，我就忍不住要去書店，而一旦我到了那里，我就無法抗拒買更多東西的誘惑。新書，我想讀的書，我只完成了一半的書，我寫作所需要的書，還有那些有價(jià)值的書占據(jù)了我房間的大部分空間，而且它們一直在擴(kuò)大，一直吞噬著我房間的剩余部分，而這些部分為我作為那里的居民提供了最小的空間。這不是入侵嗎？但我以舒適和愉快的心情接受了這種入侵。

18.單選題

Galileoabstainedfromdiscussingtheforcethatcausesaccelerationwhenanobjectfallstowardstheearth.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.evolvedfrom

B.protectedfrom

C.refrainedfrom

D.derivedfrom

【答案】C

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A選項(xiàng)evolvedfrom“進(jìn)化”；B選項(xiàng)protectedfrom“保護(hù)”；C選項(xiàng)refrainedfrom“避免”；D選項(xiàng)derivedfrom“衍生”。句意：伽利略沒有討論物體落向地球時(shí)引起加速度的力。劃線部分abstainedfrom是回避的意思。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

19.單選題

Theinkhasfadedwithtimeandsopartsoftheletterwere（）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.possible

B.indelible

C.disable

D.illegible

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)possible“可能的，合理的”；B選項(xiàng)indelible“難忘的，擦不掉的”；C選項(xiàng)disable“使殘廢”；D選項(xiàng)illegible“難以辨認(rèn)的，字跡模糊的”。句意：隨著時(shí)間的推移，墨水已經(jīng)褪色，所以信的某些部分難以辨認(rèn)。選項(xiàng)D符合語境。

20.單選題

Tobetermedscientific,amethodofinquirymustbebasedongatheringobservable,empiricalandmeasurableevidence（

）tospecificprinciplesofreasoning.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.superfluous

B.scrupulous

C.object

D.subject

【答案】D

【解析】形容詞詞義辨析。Superfluous“多余的，不必要的”；scrupulous“細(xì)心的，小心謹(jǐn)慎的”；object“目標(biāo)（名詞）”；subject“易遭受……的，受……支配”。根據(jù)固定搭配subjectto“使服從，受制于”，句意：科學(xué)的研究方法必須以收集可觀察的、經(jīng)驗(yàn)的和可測量的證據(jù)為基礎(chǔ)，并遵循特定的推理原則。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

21.單選題

Mostenvironmental______—fromclimatechangestofreshwaterandforesthabitatloss—havebecomemarkedlyworse.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.symptoms

B.highlights

C.indicators

D.symbols

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.symptoms癥狀；征兆B.highlights最好（或最精彩、最激動人心）的部分

C.indicators指示信號D.symbols象征；符號

【考查點(diǎn)】名詞辨析。

【解題思路】空格后用了破折號，說明破折號的內(nèi)容是補(bǔ)充解釋空格處所要填的名詞，根據(jù)破折號內(nèi)的內(nèi)容“從氣候變化到淡水和森林棲息地的喪失”可知，這是環(huán)境惡化的征兆，故空格處表示“征兆”，該題選擇A項(xiàng)符合句意。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】B、C、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】大多數(shù)環(huán)境癥狀——從氣候變化到淡水和森林棲息地的喪失——已經(jīng)明顯惡化。

22.單選題

____youwerebusy,Iwouldn’thavebotheredyouwithmyquestions.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Ifrealized

B.HadIrealized

C.DidIhaverealizedthat

D.AsIrealized

【答案】B

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。虛擬條件句的從句部分含有were,should或had時(shí)，可省略if采用倒裝句型，將should(would或could)提前。因此正確答案為B。

23.單選題

Ihavefoundthattheeffectofcomicbookstobefirstofallanti-educational.Theyinterferewitheducationinthelargersense.Forchildren,educationisnotmerelyaquestionoflearning,butisapartofmentalhealth.Theydonot“l(fā)earn”onlyinschool;theylearnalsoduringplay,fromentertainment,andinsociallifewithadultsandwithotherchildren.Totakelargechunksoftimeoutofachild’slife——timeduringwhichheorsheisnotpositively,thatis,educationally,occupied——meanstointerferewithhealthfulmentalgrowth.

Tomakeasharpdistinctionbetweenentertainmentandlearningispoorpedagogy,andevenworsepsychology.Agreatdealoflearningcomesintheformofentertainment,andagreatdealofentertainmentpainlesslyteachesimportantthings.Bynostretchofcriticalstandardscanthetextincomicsqualifyasliterature,orthedrawingsasart.Childrenspendanenormousamountoftimeoncomicbooks,buttheirgainisnil.Theydonotlearnhowtoreadaseriousbookormagazine.TheydonotgainatruepictureoftheWestfromthe“Westerns.”Theydonotlearnaboutanynormalaspectsofsex,love,orlife.Ihaveknownmanyadultswhohavetreasuredthroughouttheirlivessomeofthebookstheyreadaschildren.Ihavenevercomeacrossanyadultoradolescentwhohadoutgrowncomicbookreadingwhowoulddreamofkeepinganyofthesebooksforanysentimentalorotherreason.Inotherwords,childrenspendalargeamountoftimeandmoneyonthesepublicationsandhavenothingpositivetoshowforit.Andsincealmostallgoodchildren’sreadinghassomeeducationalvalue,comicsbytheirnaturearenotonlynon-educational;theyareanti-educational.Theyfailtoteachanythingthatmightbeusefultoachild;theydosuggestmanythingsthatareharmful.

1.Theauthorwouldmostlikelyagreethatcomicbooks（

）.

2.Inline2,theunderlinedword“question”mostnearlymeans

（

）.

3.Theauthorcriticizesthosewhowould“makeasharpdistinction”(line7)becausetheauthorbelievesthat

（

）.

4.Inlines11-13,thethreesentencesbeginningwith‘"they”primarilyserveto

（

）.

5.Thetoneofthispassagecanbestbedescribedas（

）.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.impairsocialdevelopment

B.couldbenefitfromself-regulation

C.havenoeducationalvalue

D.areobtainedtooeasily

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.matter

B.request

C.objection

D.possibility

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.thebesteducatorsarealsoentertainersofasort

B.withoutentertainmentlittlelearningtakesplace

C.entertainmentandlearningarecloselyinterrelated

D.textbooksoftenadoptcertainhumoroustechniques

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.lamentstudents’lackofinterestintraditionallearning

B.condemnthosewhoprofitbypanderingtochildren

C.indicatewaysinwhichchildrenareshortchanged

D.specifyhowcomicbooksmightbeimproved

問題5選項(xiàng)

A.facetious

B.severe

C.sarcastic

D.analytical

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.考察判斷推理。文章第一二句Ihavefoundthattheeffectofcomicbookstobefirstofallanti-educational.Theyinterferewitheducationinthelargersense.提到作者認(rèn)為連環(huán)漫畫冊是反教育的，在很大程度上干擾了教育。教育受阻礙，社會發(fā)展肯定會被阻礙。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

2.考察詞義。文章第一段第三句Forchildren,educationisnotmerelyaquestionoflearning,butisapartofmentalhealth提到對于孩子來說，教育不僅僅是學(xué)習(xí)的問題，而是精神健康的一部分。question與matter是近義詞，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.考察判斷推理。文章第二段第一句Tomakeasharpdistinctionbetweenentertainmentandlearningispoorpedagogy,andevenworsepsychology.提到把娛樂和學(xué)習(xí)區(qū)分開來是錯(cuò)誤的教學(xué)方式，更是糟糕的心理學(xué)教育。由此可以看出作者認(rèn)為娛樂與教育是密不可分的。選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.判斷推理題。文章第二段第四句Childrenspendanenormousamountoftimeoncomicbooks,buttheirgainisnil提到孩子們花費(fèi)大量時(shí)間在漫畫連環(huán)冊上，但是沒有從中學(xué)習(xí)到任何東西。作者接下來用了三個(gè)以“they”開頭的句子來說明現(xiàn)在的孩子對傳統(tǒng)的學(xué)習(xí)方法不感興趣：他們不學(xué)習(xí)怎樣去閱讀嚴(yán)肅的書籍或者雜志；他們并不能從Western這部電影中真正了解西部人；他們也沒有學(xué)習(xí)到關(guān)于性別、愛情或者生活的知識（Theydonotlearnhowtoreadaseriousbookormagazine.TheydonotgainatruepictureoftheWestfromthe“Westerns.”Theydonotlearnaboutanynormalaspectsofsex,love,orlife）。選項(xiàng)A符合題意，作者對此感到惋惜。

5.考察觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度。作者在文章中有理有據(jù)，通過各種事實(shí)來分析漫畫連環(huán)冊對教育的干。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。facetious“詼諧的”；severe“嚴(yán)峻的”；sarcastic“諷刺的”；analytical“分析的”。

24.單選題

TheChineseRedCross（

）ageneroussumtothereliefofthephysicallydisabled.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.assigned

B.contributed

C.furnished

D.administered

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。assign“分配，分派”；contribute“捐助，捐獻(xiàn)”；furnish“提供、供應(yīng)”；administer“管理”。句意：中國紅十字會捐出了一大筆錢來減輕殘疾人的痛苦。B項(xiàng)符合題意，答案B

25.翻譯題

B:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.

ThisnewnormaloftheChineseeconomywillcontinuetobringmoreopportunitiesoftrade,growth,investmentandcooperationforothercountriesinAsiaandbeyond.Inthecomingfiveyears,ChinawillimportmorethanUS$10trillionofgoods,ChineseinvestmentabroadwillexceedUS$500billion,andmorethan500millionoutboundvisitswillbemadebyChinesetourists.Chinawillsticktoitsbasicstatepolicyofopeningup,improveitsinvestmentclimate,andprotectthelawfulrightsandinterestsofinvestors.Ibelievethattogether,thepeopleofAsiancountriescoulddrivethistrainofAsia’sdevelopmenttotakeAsiatoanevenbrighterfuture.

【答案】中國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展進(jìn)入新常態(tài)，將繼續(xù)給包括亞洲國家在內(nèi)的世界各國提供更多市場、增長、投資、合作機(jī)遇。未來5年，中國進(jìn)口商品將超過10萬億美元，對外投資將超過5000億美元，出境旅游人數(shù)將超過5億人次。中國將堅(jiān)持對外開放的基本國策，不斷完善國內(nèi)投資環(huán)境，保護(hù)投資者合法權(quán)益。我相信，亞洲各國人民能夠共同推動亞洲發(fā)展的這一列車，把亞洲帶向更加光明的未來。

26.單選題

IfCatlinwasthepainteroftheAmericanIndian,andBierstadttheportrayeroftheRockyMountains,theartistoftheWesterncowboysandsettlerswasFredericRemington.BominCanton,NewYork,thesonofawealthypublisher,RemingtonwasaboxerandafootballplayeratYale—thelastnameonewouldexpecttobecometheartistoftheOldWest.Butasaboyhelovedhorses,andfedonthejournalsofGeorgeCatlinandLewisandClark.Attheageofnineteen,heleftcollegetolookforadventure.HetraveledfromMontanatoTexas,asacowpuncherandprospector.Remingtonhadalwaysbeeninterestedinjournalism.Nowhebegantowritedown,andtopaintandsketchwhathesaw.Thesubjectof“WinningoftheWest”sofascinatedtheEastthatmagazinesandnewspaperswerecrammedwithaccountsoftheprospector’sadventures,andofbattleswithrustlersandotherout-laws—allthetalesthatwerethennewsandhavesincebecomelegendsinAmericanhistory.

TherearealsostoriescontributedbyBretHarte,RichardHardingDavis,JoaquinMiller,andmanymore.OftenthesewereillustratedbysketchesandpaintingsfromRemington’shand,butitwasasasculptorthatRemingtonwasthegreatestartist.

1.Thewriter’spurposeinthepassageisto（）.

2.Bierstadt’srelationshiptotheRockyMountaincanbecomparedtothatRemington’sto（）

3.Duringhisyouth,Remingtonreadthewritingsof（）.

4.Remingtonbasedhisartonthe（）

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.compareRemingtonwithCatlinandBierstadt

B.showhowthenewsstoriesofoneagebecomethelegendsofthenext

C.describethemajorworksofRemington

D.outlineRemington’scareer

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.NewYork

B.YaleUniversity

C.thestoriesofBretHarte

D.thecowboysoftheWest

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.Hart

B.Catlin

C.Bierstadt

D.Miller

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.storieshereadinnewspapers

B.thingshehadseenandexperienced

C.paintingshecopiedfromCatlinandBierstadt

D.principleshehadlearnedatYale

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:B

【解析】1.主旨題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，首先講到了雷明頓曾經(jīng)是一名拳擊手和足球運(yùn)動員，19歲開始喜歡冒險(xiǎn)，后面成為一名勘探者，一直對新聞行業(yè)感興趣，把自己看到的事物記載下來等等，這些都是在描述雷明頓的職業(yè)生涯。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句，“IfCatlinwasthepainteroftheAmericanIndian,andBierstadttheportrayeroftheRockyMountains,theartistoftheWesterncowboysandsettlerswasFredericRemington.”。如果說卡特林是美國印第安人的畫家，比爾施塔特是描繪落基山脈的畫家，那么西部牛仔和定居者的畫家則是弗雷德里克?雷明頓。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“Butasaboyhelovedhorses,andfedonthejournalsofGeorgeCatlinandLewisandClark.”。但當(dāng)他是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候，他喜歡馬，喜歡讀喬治?卡特林、劉易斯和克拉克的作品。選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段，“Nowhebegantowritedown,andtopaintandsketchwhathesaw.”，他是將他看到的和經(jīng)歷過的寫下來或者畫下來，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

27.單選題

SamuelSlaterwasborninBelper,England,in1768.OncompletionofhissevenyearapprenticeshipinanEnglishspinningmill,hewasapparentlysoworriedaboutthegrowth,andhencesaturation,oftheindustryintheUnitedKingdomthat,in1789,withouttheknowledgeofhisfamily,SlatertraveledtoAmericaattheageof21.Thiswasdoneinsecret;itwasillegalatthetimetoexportanythingtotheU.S.relatingtomachinery,includingengineers.Also,theU.S.wasofferingrewardsfortextileinformation.

ArrivinginNewYork,itwasnotlongbeforehelearnedoftheexperimentalworkofMosesBrownandWilliamAlmy,inPawtucket,withmoreadvancedmachinesthantheSpinningJennysusedinNewYork.Initiallywithoutanycontract,andworkingalongsidetheengineersalreadyemployedattheAlmyandBrownmill,SlatersuccessfullyreworkedaspinningframealongthelinesofArkwright’sWaterFrame.ThisthreemonthsofworkresultedinapartnershipwithAlmyandBrown.Heunderstoodthewholespinningprocessandknewwhichmachineswerevitaltooverallsuccessofamill.

However,thatmanagementtrainingandknowledgereallycameintoitsownoverthenexttwoyearsasSlaterlaboredtoeducatetheembryonictextileindustryandbusinessmeninthetechniquesthathadprovedsosuccessfulinBelper.Withoutthese,Slaterbelievedtheindustrywouldnotflourish.Inparticular,hisaimwastomaximizetheoutputfromthemachineryanddevelopthemarketplaceinordertosellalltheyarnthatcouldbeproduced.Priortothis,thephilosophyofAlmyandBrownwastoproduceonlytoorder.By1792,Slaterhadproved,throughtheuseofhisBelper-learnedmanagementtechniques,thathecouldmakespinningaprofitablebusiness.ThisledtobuildingtheOldSlaterMill—thefirstsuccessfulU.S.cottonspinningmill.Slater’sviewwastoconcentrateonaspecificaspectandspecialize.Theotherpartnersbelievedincoveringthewholetextileprocessthroughtofinishedgoods,includingknitting.Asaresult,in1797,Slaterbrokeawayandbuilthisownlargermill—theWhiteMill.FollowingthesuccessofSlater’sbusiness,thecottonindustryreallytookoffandoverthenexttenorsoyears,overeightymillsdeveloped.Slaterhasbeencalledboththe“FatherofAmericanIndustry”,andthe“FounderoftheAmericanIndustrialRevolution”.

1.Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlydiscuss?

2.Accordingtothepassage,SlaterwasattractedtotheAlmyandBrownmillbecause_______.

3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwasNOToneofSlater’saimsinhisapproachtorunningamill?

4.WhathadSlaterprovedby1792?

5.SlaterleftAlmyandBrowntoestablish______.

問題1選項(xiàng)

A.Slater’sarrivalinAmerica

B.NewYorkandtheAlmyandBrownmill

C.Thefirstthreemonthsandachievementofapartnership

D.Slater’sunderstandingofthespinningprocess

問題2選項(xiàng)

A.theywereinPawtucket

B.theywereinnovativeandhadadvancedmachines

C.hedidnothavetohaveacontract

D.theyemployedprofessionalengineers

問題3選項(xiàng)

A.maximizingoutput

B.salesdevelopment

C.Belpermanagementtechniques

D.coveringthefullprocessthroughtoknittedgoods

問題4選項(xiàng)

A.Thathisimportedmanagementtechniquesworked.

B.ThatthephilosophyofAlmyandBrownwas