書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-安徽國際商務(wù)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.單選題

Themeetingwas（）overbythemayortodiscussthetaxraiseinthecity.

問題1選項

A.presumed

B.propelled

C.presided

D.pricked

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞辨析。A項presume“相信，擅自行為”，B項propel“推進(jìn)，驅(qū)使”，C項preside“主持”，D項prick“戳，扎破”。根據(jù)空格前后的關(guān)鍵詞meeting（會議）和mayor（市長）可知，空格部分應(yīng)該表示“主持會議”。句意：會議由市長主持，討論該市的增稅問題。故該題選擇C項正確。

2.單選題

Veryfewexpertshave（）withcompletenewanswerstotheworld’seconomicproblems.

問題1選項

A.cometo

B.comearound

C.comeup

D.comeon

【答案】C

【解析】詞組辨析題。cometo達(dá)到；comearound恢復(fù)；comeupwith提出；comeon快點。句意：很少有專家能對世界經(jīng)濟(jì)問題提出全新的答案。選項C符合句意。

3.單選題

Questions23to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

問題1選項

A.Theycan’tbesolvedwithoutgovernmentsupport.

B.Theyareeasytosolvewithmoderntechnology.

C.Theyhavenotbeenexaminedindetailsofar.

D.Theyarisefromtheadvancesintechnology.

問題2選項

A.Itisintenselycompetitive.

B.Itfocusesonnewproducts.

C.Itdemandshugeinvestment.

D.Itisattractivetoentrepreneurs.

問題3選項

A.Cooperationwithbigcompanies.

B.Sharingofcostswitheachother.

C.Recruitingmorequalifiedstaff.

D.In-servicetrainingofITpersonnel.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

【解析】RecordingThree

WelcometothethirdlectureinourseriesonthefutureofsmallbusinessesinEurope.Thepurposeoftoday’slecture,asyouhaveseenfromthetitleandtheabstract,[23]istoexamineinmoredetailtheproblemsfacingsmallandmedium-sizedenterpriseswhichariseatleastinpartfromhavingtoadapttorapidadvancesintechnology.AndIwanttolookatthesebothfromafinancialandfromapersonnelpointofviewandtoofferafewhopefullyeffectivesolutions.

HerewehavethreeofthemostimportantproblemsfacingsmallbusinessesthatIwanttolookattoday.

First,keepingupwiththepaceoftechnologicalchange,recruitinghighqualitystaffinatimeofskillsshortagesinITasawholeandinahighlycompetitivemarket,andtheissueofretainingstaffoncethey’vebeenrecruitedandtrained.Now,alloftheseproblemsinvolvesignificantcostsforallbusinesses.Buttheyareparticularlychallengingissueforsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises.Andthosecostswouldvarydependingonthesizeandscaleofthebusinesses.

Solet’scometothefirstissueonourlistwhichiskeepingpacewithdevelopmentsintechnology.[24]Nowweallknowthatthetechnologyindustryisintenselycompetitivewithnewproductsbeinglaunchedallyearroundasthevariouscompaniesstrivetocompetewitheachother,ratherthan,sayonceayearoreverycoupleofyears.Andthisisarealheadacheforsmallerbusinesses.So,let’simaginewehaveasmallcompanywhichisdoingok.It’sjustaboutmakingaprofitanditspendsmostofitsincomeontheoverheads.Soforacompanyinthissituation,keepinguptodatewiththelatesttechnology,evenifit’sonlyforthebenefitofkeystaff,thiscanbehugelyexpensive.

Soinmyview,somecreativethinkingneedstocomeinheretofindwaystohelpcompaniesinthissituationtostayaheadinthegame,butatthesametime,toremaintechnologicallycompetitive.

Well,there’sapossibilitythatsmallgroupsofcompanieswithsimilarrequirementsbutnotdirectlycompetingwitheachother,[25]theycouldsharethecostofupgradinginmuchthesamewayas,let’ssay,anintranetoperateswithinlargerorganizations.[25]Infact,costsharingcouldbeaverypracticalsolution,especiallyintimesoffinancialdifficulty.Ifthere’sadownwardpressureoncosts,becauseofaneedforinvestmentinotherareas,Iwouldarguethatthisisaperfectlyfeasiblesolution.

23.Whatdoesthespeakersayabouttheproblemsfacingsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises?

【試題答案】D

【試題解析】題目問關(guān)于中小企業(yè)面臨的問題，說話者說了什么？本篇講座在開頭就提到講座的目的是詳細(xì)分析中小企業(yè)在適應(yīng)技術(shù)的快速進(jìn)步方面所面臨的問題。由此可知，中小企業(yè)面臨的問題來源于技術(shù)的進(jìn)步，因此D選項正確。A選項“沒有政府的支持，問題不能解決”和B選項“利用現(xiàn)代科技很容易解決”在錄音中均沒有信息涉及；C選項“到目前為止，問題還沒有詳細(xì)研究過”，在這次講座中說話者明確分析了中小企業(yè)面臨的三個問題，而且接著展開了對第一個問題的詳細(xì)剖析，因此C選項不正確。

24.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutthetechnologyindustry?

【試題答案】A

【試題解析】題目問關(guān)于科技行業(yè)，說話者說了什么？說話者在說跟上科技發(fā)展步伐這個問題時提到，科技行業(yè)是競爭激烈的行業(yè)，各公司相互競爭，一年到頭都可能有新產(chǎn)品推出市場。A選項“競爭非常激烈”與原文表述一致，因此正確。B選項“專注于新產(chǎn)品”；C選項“它要求巨大的投資”和D選項“它對企業(yè)家是有吸引力的”在錄音中均沒有信息提及，均可排除。

25.Whatisapracticalsolutiontotheproblemsofsmallandmedium-sizedbusinesses?

【試題答案】B

【試題解析】題目問什么是解決中小企業(yè)問題的可行方案？說話者最后提到有相似需求和要求的小型企業(yè)，如果相互之間沒有直接的競爭關(guān)系，可嘗試共同分擔(dān)技術(shù)的升級成本，而這不失為一種實用的解決方法。因此B選項“互相分?jǐn)偝杀尽闭_。A選項“與大公司合作”和D選項“信息技術(shù)人員的在職培訓(xùn)”在錄音中沒有信息提及；C選項“招聘更能勝任工作的員工”在錄音中雖有提及，但這是中小型企業(yè)面臨的第二個問題，并非實際解決中小型企業(yè)問題的方法，因此可排除。

4.填空題

SincecompetitionisseenasthemajorsourceofprogressandprosperitybymostAmericans,competitivebusinessinstitutionsarerespected.Competitionisnotonlygoodinitself,itisthemeans

whichotherbasicAmericanvaluessuch

A

B

C

D

asindividualfreedom,equalityofopportunity,andhardworkareprotected.

【答案】Dwhich改為bywhich

【解析】【考查點】從句。

【解題思路】D部分到句子結(jié)尾是修飾means的定語從句，means為事物，引導(dǎo)詞用which，結(jié)合短語bymeans，確定bywhich正確。

【句意】由于競爭被大多數(shù)美國人視為進(jìn)步和繁榮的主要來源，具有競爭力的商業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)受到尊重。競爭不僅本身有好處，它還是一種維護(hù)其他美國價值觀的方式，如個人自由、機(jī)會均等、勤奮工作等。

5.單選題

Thosewhowelcomedtherailwaysawitasmorethanarapidandcomfortablemeansofpassing.Theyactuallysawitasfactorinworldpeace.Theydidnotforeseethattherailwaywouldbejustonemoremeansfortherapidmovementofaggressivearmies.Noneofthemforesawthatthemorewearetogether,themorechancesthereareofwar.Anyboyorgirlwhoisoneofalargefamilyknowsthat.

Wheneveranynewinventionisputforward,thoseforitandthoseagainstitcanalwaysfindmedicalmentoapproveorcondemn.Theanti-railwaygroupproduceddoctorswhosaidthattunnelswouldbemostdangeroustopublichealth.Theywouldproducecolds,catarrhs（粘膜炎）andconsumptions（肺癌）.Thedeafeningnoiseandtheglareoftheenginefirewouldhaveabadeffectonthenerves.Further,beingmovedthroughtheairatahighspeedwoulddograveinjurytodelicatelungs.Inthosewithhighblood-pressure,themovementforthetrainmightproduceapoplexy（中風(fēng)）.Thesuddenplungingofatrainintothedarknessofatunnel,andtheequallysuddenrushintofulldaylight,wouldcausegreatdamagetoeyesight.Butthepro-railwaygroupwasofcourseabletoproduceequallyfamousmedicalmentosayjusttheopposite.Theysaidthatthespeedandswingofthetrainwouldequalizethecirculationpromotedigestion,tranquilizethenerves,andensuregoodsleep.

Theactualrolling-stockwasanythingbutcomfortable.Ifitwasatestofendurancetosixforfourhoursoutsideacoachinrain,orinsideindirtyair,therailwayofferedlittlemoreinthewayofcomfort.Certainlythefirst-classcarriageshadcushionedseats;butthesecond-classhadonlynarrowbareboards,whilethethird-classhadnothingatall;noseatsandnoroof;theywerejustopentruckssothatthird-classpassengersgainednothingfromthenewmodeexceptspeed.

Awriterintheearlydaysofrailwayswrotefeelinglyofbothsecond-andthird-classcarriages.Hemadethesuggestionthatthedirectorsoftherailwaysmusthavesentallovertheworldtofindthehardestpossiblewood.Oftheopenthird-classtruckshesaidthattheyhadthepeculiarpropertyofmeetingtherainfromwhateverquarteritcame.Hedescribethemashorizontalshower-baths,fromwhosesearchingpowertherewasnoescape.

1.Allboysandgirlsinlargefamiliesknowthat（

）.

2.Accordingtothosewhowelcomedtherailway,therailwayitselfshouldincludeallthefollowingexcept（

）.

3.Accordingtotheanti-railwaygroup,allthefollowingsaretruebut（

）.

4.Wemaysafelyconcludethat（

）

5.Whatisthetoneofthepassage?

問題1選項

A.aboyandagirlusuallyfightwhentheyaretogether.

B.peopletendtobetogethermorethantheyusedtobe

C.alotofpeoplebeingtogethermakesfightslikely

D.railwayleadstheworldtopeace

問題2選項

A.therailwayenablespeopletotravelfast

B.therailwaybringscomforttopeople

C.therailwaymakestheworldpeaceful

D.therailwayleadstheworldtowar.

問題3選項

A.tunnelsaredangeroustopublichealth.

B.thenoiseandtheglareoftheenginefiremayaffectpeople’snerves

C.therapidspeedthroughtheairdoesdamagetopeople’slungs.

D.tothosewithhighblood-pressure,therapidspeedofthetraincausesthemtodie

問題4選項

A.theauthorbelongstotheanti-railwaygroup

B.theauthorbelongstothefor-railwaygroup

C.theauthorspeakshighlyoftherailway

D.theauthormaynevertaketrainbecauseofitspotentialdangers.

問題5選項

A.Practical

B.Neutral

C.Humorous

D.Exaggerated

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:C

【解析】1.文章第一段Noneofthemforesawthatthemorewearetogether,themorechancesthereareofwar.Anyboyorgirlwhoisoneofalargefamilyknowsthat提到他們都沒有預(yù)見在一起的人越多，戰(zhàn)爭的可能性就越大。任何一個大家庭的男孩或者女孩都知道。選項C符合題意，“很多人在一起可能打架”。

2.文章第一段第一句thosewhowelcomedtherailwaysawitasmorethanarapidandcomfortablemeansofpassing.Theyactuallysawitasfactorinworldpeace提到那些歡迎鐵路的人認(rèn)為鐵路不僅僅是一種快速且舒適的通行方式，實際上他們還認(rèn)為它（鐵路）是構(gòu)成世界和平的因素，由此可推斷選項D“鐵路引領(lǐng)世界走向戰(zhàn)爭”是錯誤的。

3.文章第二段inthosewithhighblood-pressure,themovementforthetrainmightproduceapoplexy提到對于那些有高血壓的人來說，火車的快速的移動可能會導(dǎo)致中風(fēng)，由此可知選項D符合題意。

4.文章第三段第一句theactualrolling-stockwasanythingbutcomfortable提到火車沒有一點舒適感，然后作者又強(qiáng)調(diào)了鐵路的不利因素，比如車?yán)锩娴目諝獠?，座位分一二三等，環(huán)境舒適度不一樣等。由此可知，作者是反對鐵路的群體。選項A符合題意。

5.文章最后一段最后兩句話提到在開放的三等列車中，他們擁有一種特殊的資源，即可以在任何一個季度遇到雨水。作者將其描述為水平方向的淋雨，可知說辭是比較幽默的。選項C符合題意。

6.單選題

IfIhadacarofmyown,I（

）ittoyoursisteryesterday.

問題1選項

A.willlend

B.wouldlend

C.shouldlend

D.wouldhavelent

【答案】D

【解析】考查虛擬語氣。根據(jù)yesterday可知,這里是對過去情況的虛擬。從句為had+過去分詞,主句應(yīng)該用wouldhave+過去分詞。所以選項D正確。

7.單選題

ThefoundingofnewChina（

）people’sdesireforindependence.

問題1選項

A.declared

B.implied

C.manifested

D.announced

【答案】C

【解析】動詞辨析題。A選項declare“宣布，聲明”；B選項imply“意味，暗示”；C選項manifest“表明，顯示”；D選項announce“宣布”。句意：新中國的成立表明了人民對獨立的渴望。選項C符合句意。

8.單選題

His（

）andunwillingnesstolearnfromotherspreventhimfrombeinganeffectivememberoftheteam.

問題1選項

A.arrogance

B.dignity

C.humility

D.solitude

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。arrogance“自負(fù)；傲慢態(tài)度”；dignity“尊嚴(yán)；高貴”；humility“謙卑；謙遜”；solitude“孤獨；隱居；荒僻的地方”。句意：他很傲慢，并且不愿意向他人學(xué)習(xí)，這使得他無法成為團(tuán)隊中的一員。選項A符合題意。

9.單選題

WhenthefirstofthetwoVikinglanderstoucheddownonMartiansoilonJuly20,1976,andbegantosendcameraimagesbacktoEarth,thescientistsattheJetPropulsionLaboratorycouldnotsuppressacertainnervousanticipation,likepeoplewhoholdatickettoalotterytheyhaveaone-in-a-millionchanceofwinning.Thefirstphotographsthatarrived,however,didnotcontainanyevidenceoflife.Whatrevealeditselftothemwasmerelyabarrenlandscapelitteredwithrocks.Theviewresemblednothingsomuchasaflatsectionofdesert—infact,thewinningentryinacontestatJ.P.L.forthephotographmostaccuratelypredictingwhatMarswouldlooklikeasasnapshottakeninaparticularlyaridsectionoftheMojaveDesert.

Thescientistsweresoonreadytoturntheirattentionfromvisiblelifetomicroorganisms.ThetwinVikinglanderscarriedthreeexperimentsdesignedtodetectcurrentbiologicalactivityandonetodetectorganiccompounds,becauseresearchersthoughtitpossiblethatlifehaddevelopedonearlyMarsjustasitisthoughttohavedevelopedonEarth,throughthegradualchemicalevolutionofcomplexorganicmolecules（分子）.Todetectbiologicalactivity,Martiansoilsamplesweretreatedwithvariousnutrientsthatwouldproducecharacteristicby-productsiflifeformswereactiveinthesoil.Theresultsfromallthreeexperimentswereinconclusive.Thefourthexperimentheatedasoilsampletolookforsignoforganicmaterialbutfoundnone,anunexpectedresultbecauseatleastorganiccompoundsfromthesteadybombardmentoftheMartiansurfacebymeteorites（限星）werethoughttohavebeenpresent.

Theabsenceoforganicmaterial,somescientistsspeculated,wastheresultofintenseultravioletradiationpenetratingtheatmospherewhichwasatonetimerichincarbondioxideandthusthickenoughtoprotectitssurfacefromtheharmfulrayoftheSun,thecarbondioxidehadgraduallylefttheatmosphereandbeenconvertedintorocks.ThismeansthateveniflifehadgottenastartonearlyMars,itcouldnothavesurvivedtheexposuretoultravioletradiationwhentheatmospherethinned.MarsneverdevelopedaprotectivelayerofozoneasEarthdid.

DespitethedisappointedVikingresults,therearethosewhostillkeepopenthepossibilityoflifeonMars.TheypointoutthattheVikingdatacannotbeconsideredthefinalwordonMartianlifebecausethetwolandersonlysampledtwolimitedanduninterestingsites.TheVikinglandingsiteswerenotchosenforwhattheymighttelloftheplanet’sbiology.Theywerechosenprimarilybecausetheyappearedtobesafeoflandingaspacecraft.ThelandingsiteswereonpartoftheMartianplainsthatappearedrelativelyfeaturelessfromorbitalphotography.

ThetypeofMartianterrainthattheseresearcherssuggestmaybeapossiblehidingplaceforactivelifehasanearthlyparallel:theice-freeregionofsouthernVictorialand.Antarctica,wherethetemperaturesinsomedryvalleyaveragebelowzero.Organismsknownasendoliths,aformofblue-greenalgae(藻類)thathasadoptedtothisharshenvironment,werefoundlivinginsidecertainporousrocksintheseAntarcticvalleys.TheargumentbasedonthisdiscoveryisthatiflifedidexistonearlyMars,itispossiblethatitescapedworseningconditionbysimilarlyseekingtoodry,evencomparedwithAntarcticvalleys,tosustainanylifewhatsoever.

ShouldMarseventuallyprovetobecompletelybarrenoflife,assomesuspect,thenthiswouldhaveasignificantimpactonthecurrentviewofthechemicaloriginoflife.ItcouldbemuchmoredifficulttogetlifestartedonaplanetthanscientiststhoughtbeforetheVikinglandings.

1.Themajorpurposeofthepassageisto（）.

2.TheauthorusedtheevidencefromthefourVikingexperiments(paragraph2)toestablishthat（）.

3.TheauthorsuggeststhatimportantdifferencebetweenMarsandEarthisthatunlikeEarth,Mars（）.

4.Inparagraph5,theresearchers'argumentthatlifemayexistinMartianrocksrestsontheideathat（）.

問題1選項

A.relateanaccountofanextraordinaryscientificachievement

B.underminetheprevailingbeliefthatlifemayexistonMars

C.showthelimitationsofthescientificinvestigationofotherplanets

D.discusstheeffortsofscientiststodeterminewhetherMartianlifeexist

問題2選項

A.meteoritesdonotstrikethesurfaceofMarsasoftenasscientistshadthought.

B.therewasnoexperimentalconfirmationofthetheorythatlifeexistonMars.

C.currenttheoryastohowlifedevelopedonEarthisprobableflawed.

D.biologicalactivityhasbeenshowntobeabsentfromthesurfaceofMars.

問題3選項

A.couldnothavesustainedlifethatdeveloped

B.possessedatonetimeanatmosphererichincarbondioxide

C.isinthepathoftheharmfulraysofultravioletradiation

D.accumulatedorganiccompoundsfromthesteadybombardmentofmeteorites

問題4選項

A.lifeevolvedinthesamewayontwodifferentplanets

B.lifedevelopedintheformofblue-greenalgaeonMars

C.organismsmayadoptidenticalsurvivalstrategiesincomparableenvironments

D.endolithsarecapableoflivingintheharshenvironmentofMars

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:C

【解析】1.主旨大意題。題目問的是“文章的主要目的是什么？”文章第一段提到科學(xué)家們通過圖像并沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)火星上可見的生命，接下來講述了科學(xué)家們通過火星土樣也沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)火星上有微生物存在，然后推測原因，最后一段提到如果火星最后被證明沒有生命存在可能帶來的影響，由此可知本文主要是講述了科學(xué)家們努力確定火星上有無生命，因此選項D符合題意。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“作者使用四個火星實驗得來的證據(jù)是為了……”。文章第二段提到“因為研究人員認(rèn)為有可能早期火星上的生命就想地球上的生命一樣”（becauseresearchersthoughtitpossiblethatlifehaddevelopedonearlyMarsjustasitisthoughttohavedevelopedonEarth），但是在火星土樣中沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)任何跡象（Thefourthexperimentheatedasoilsampletolookforsignoforganicmaterialbutfoundnone），因此選項B“火星上有生命這一理論沒有得到實驗的證實”符合題意。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“作者認(rèn)為火星和地球之間的重要區(qū)別在于不像地球,火星……”。文章第三段提到“是強(qiáng)烈的紫外線輻射穿透大氣層的結(jié)果”(wastheresultofintenseultravioletradiationpenetratingtheatmosphere)，最后一句提到“火星沒有像地球那樣形成一層保護(hù)臭氧層”(MarsneverdevelopedaprotectivelayerofozoneasEarthdid)。選項C“在紫外線輻射的有害射線路徑上”符合題意。

4.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。題目問的是“在第五段中，研究者認(rèn)為火星巖石上有生命的觀點是依靠……”。文章第五段提到“基于該發(fā)現(xiàn)的論證是如果有生命存在于早期的火星上，那么這些生命就可能通過尋找比南極干谷更干燥的環(huán)境來維持生命形式”（TheargumentbasedonthisdiscoveryisthatiflifedidexistonearlyMars,itispossiblethatitescapedworseningconditionbysimilarlyseekingtoodry,evencomparedwithAntarcticvalleys,tosustainanylifewhatsoever），選項C“生命體在類似環(huán)境中可能采取同樣的生存策略”符合題意。

10.單選題

Improvementsinqualitycontroltechniqueshaveresultedinmorehigh-qualityproductswithveryfew______.

問題1選項

A.failures

B.defects

C.routes

D.spots

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。failures“失敗”；defects“缺點”；routes“路線”；spots“斑點”。句意：質(zhì)量控制技術(shù)的改進(jìn)使產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量更高，缺陷更少。選項B符合題意。

11.單選題

Theabilityto（

）themselvesbycamouflageenablessomedefenselessanimalstosurvive.

問題1選項

A.conceal

B.conceive

C.deceive

D.disguise

【答案】D

【解析】動詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)句意‘通過偽裝來隱藏自己的能力使得一些沒有攻擊性的動物存活下來。’可知，這里是指一些動物通過偽裝自己而求得生存。A選項conceal“隱藏，隱瞞”；B選項conceive“懷孕，構(gòu)思”；C選項deceive“欺騙，行騙”；D選項disguise當(dāng)動詞吋意為“掩飾，隱瞞”；concealoneself意為“潛伏，埋伏”；而disguiseoneself意為“隱藏自己”，更符合語境，D選項正確。

12.單選題

（

）asleep,theinjuredwasreallyawakeandlistening.

問題1選項

A.Althoughpretendingtobe

B.Being

C.Tobe

D.While

【答案】A

【解析】考查非謂語動詞?？崭裉幩诰渥雍蟀刖渚湟猓哼@個傷員清醒并且在認(rèn)真聽著?？芍崭裉帒?yīng)該是表示假裝睡著，選項A符合題意。

13.單選題

Duringthepastyearsthe（）ofautomobilesaccidentsinNewYorkCityhasdecreased.

問題1選項

A.degree

B.quantity

C.number

D.amount

【答案】C

【解析】近義詞辨析。quantity可以形容可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，作為數(shù)量通常為抽象的概念；number用于形容可數(shù)名詞，表示"數(shù)"；amount用于形容不可數(shù)名詞，表示"量"。選項C用在此處最恰當(dāng)。句意：在過去幾年里，紐約的汽車事故數(shù)量減少了。

14.單選題

InvestorsarebeingencouragedtocontinueploughingtheirsavingsintothestockmarketaftersharesinLondonrecoveredallthelossesincurredsinceSeptember11.TheadvicecomesdespiteAmerica’sDowJonesindustrialaveragetumblingonFridayafteracaseofanthraxwasdiagnosedinNewYork.ConsumerspendinginAmericaalsoslumpedbymorethanthreetimeseconomists’predictionsinSeptember,pushingsharepricesbackbelowpre-attacklevels.

TheFTSE100indexofBritain’slargestcompaniesclosedonFridayat5,145—up112pointsonitsSeptember10close.TheDowinNewYorkralliedlateontocloseat9,344,down66points.Althoughmostexpertsarepredictingfurthervolatilityinthecomingmonths,theyremaincautiouslyoptimisticthattheFTSE100willbeginasustained,ifrocky,rallytowards5,500bytheendoftheyear.Theimmediateeconomicoutlookisstillbleak.SomecommentatorspredictthatAmericawillendurearecessionlastingsixmonths.TheyalsoexpectBritaintosufferasharpslowdown.Butanalystssaythemarketiswellplacedtoabsorbanyfurtherbadnews.

Sharpeconomicdownturnscan,perversely,begoodforthemarketbecausetheyforcefirmstobemorecost-efficient.Therefore,anyannouncementsaboutrisingunemploymentorcorporatestreamliningcouldhaveapositiveeffectonshares.Ofmoreconcerntoprivateinvestorsistheimpactthatanotherterroristattackwouldhaveonshares.Ifthisweretohappen,themarketwouldalmostcertainlyslumpagain.Buthistorysuggeststhatitwould,onceagain,makeupanylostgroundwithinweeks.

Expertsarethereforeurgingprivateinvestorsnottorepeattheirpastmistakes,whentheywaitedforasustainedrallybeforefeelingconfidentenoughtoinvest.Crosssaid,“It’speculiarthatinvestorsfeelit’ssafertoinvestafterthemarkethasrisenby25%thanwhenithasfallenby25%.Commonsensesuggeststhattheoppositewouldbemoreappropriate.”MikeLenhoffofGerrard,thestockbroker,saidthatifthemarkethit5500andremainedaroundthatlevelforsomeweeks,itwouldbeasignthatfurther,sustainedgainswereimminent.Hesaid,“Gettingbackto5500wouldbeimportant,becauseiftheindexstayedatthatlevel,thepsychologyofthemarketwouldchangesubstantially.Defensiveshareswouldbecometooexpensiveandbiginvestorswouldstartmovingintovaluestocks,whicharethetypeoffirmsthatdowellinaneconomicrecovery.”

Butprivateinvestorscouldbeforgivenfortheirpessimisticmood,asnearlyallIsabuyershavesufferedbiglosses.Butinvestorscantakesomecomfortfromthefactthatthenextthreemonthsaretraditionallythebest-performingperiodoftheyearforthestockmarket.DavidSchwartz,thestock-markethistorian,saidtheindexalmostalwaysroseintheperiodbetweenNovemberandApril.Since1974,themarketwentupon24occasionsbetweenNovemberandApril,byanaverageof15%,anddroppedonlythreetimes.Schwartzsaid,“It’snoguaranteeforthisyear,buthistoryisonourside.”

1.Welearnfromthefirstparagraphthat（）.

2.ThereasonwhysomeexpertsremaincautiouslyoptimisticabouttheFTSEisthattheybelievethat（）.

3.Inthepresentsituation,corporatedownsizingmay（）.

4.Expertsadviseprivateinvestorstoavoidtheirpastmistakesby（）.

5.Fromthelastsentenceofthepassage,wemayinferthatSchwartzbelievesthat（）.

問題1選項

A.FTSE100indexfellimmediatelyafterSeptember11

B.DowJonesindustrialindexisnowbeginningtopickup

C.Consumerspendingishavingapositiveeffectonthestockmarket

D.SharepricesinAmericahaverisencontrarytomostpredictions

問題2選項

A.theAmericaneconomywillbeabletoresistfurtherdownturn

B.theDowJonesindexinNewYorkwillstoptumblingsoon

C.themarketwillabsorbanyfurthershockfrombadnews

D.theeconomicsituationinBritainandAmericawilltakeanupturnin6months

問題3選項

A.sharpeconomicdownturn

B.produceapositiveeffectonshares

C.causethemarkettoslumpagain

D.enablethemarkettoregainanylostground

問題4選項

A.withholdinganyinvestmentuntilthemarkethasrisenby25%

B.investingwhentheFTSEralliesbackto5500

C.investingonlyinthosefirmswhichshowsignsofrecovery

D.investingwhenthestockmarketshowssignsofupturn

問題5選項

A.themarketwillbemostlikelytogoupbetweenNovemberandApril

B.themarketwilldropbyanaverageof15%betweenNovemberandApril

C.themarketwillnotlikelygoupinthenextthreemonths

D.itisquiterationaltotakeapessimisticaltitudetowardsthestockmarket

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:A

【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容，在倫敦股市收復(fù)了9.11以來的全部損失后，投資者被鼓勵繼續(xù)將他們的儲蓄投入股市。盡管美國道瓊斯工業(yè)平均指數(shù)在紐約被診斷出炭疽病例后在周五暴跌，該建議還是出現(xiàn)了。九月份，美國的消費(fèi)支出也下跌了超過經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家預(yù)測的三倍，將股價推回到襲擊前的水平之下。由此可知，“9?11”事件后，英國富時100指數(shù)立即下跌，選項A符合原文。

2.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第二段最后兩句“SomecommentatorspredictthatAmericawillendurearecessionlastingsixmonths.TheyalsoexpectBritaintosufferasharpslowdown.Butanalystssaythemarketiswellplacedtoabsorbanyfurtherbadnews.一些評論家預(yù)測，美國將經(jīng)歷長達(dá)6個月的經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退。他們還預(yù)計英國經(jīng)濟(jì)將急劇放緩。但分析師表示，市場已經(jīng)做好準(zhǔn)備，可以消化任何進(jìn)一步的壞消息。”A選項“美國經(jīng)濟(jì)將能夠抵御進(jìn)一步的衰退”和B選項“紐約的道瓊斯指數(shù)將很快停止下跌”在文中沒有提及，選項D“英國和美國的經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢將在6個月內(nèi)好轉(zhuǎn)”不符合原文。選項C“市場將消化任何進(jìn)一步的壞消息”符合原文

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“…anyannouncementsaboutrisingunemploymentorcorporatestreamliningcouldhaveapositiveeffectonshares.任何有關(guān)失業(yè)率上升或公司裁員的消息，都可能對股價產(chǎn)生積極影響?！彼赃x項B正確。

4.判斷推理題。題干意思是“專家建議私人投資者避免過去的錯誤，在……”。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第一句Expertsarethereforeurgingprivateinvertorsnottorepeattheirpastmistakes,whentheywaitedforasustainedrallybeforefeelingconfidentenoughtoinvest.（因此，專家們敦促私人投資者不要重蹈覆轍，不要等到股市持續(xù)上漲時才有足夠的信心進(jìn)行投資）和第四段ifthemarkethit5500andremainedaroundthatlevelforsomeweeks,itwouldbeasignthatfurther,sustainedgainswereimminent.（如果股市達(dá)到5500點，并在這一水平附近保持?jǐn)?shù)周，這將表明，進(jìn)一步持續(xù)的上漲即將到來）可推斷，私人投資者可以在股市好轉(zhuǎn)的時候進(jìn)行投資，故D項“當(dāng)股票市場顯示好轉(zhuǎn)跡象時進(jìn)行投資”正確；B項“當(dāng)富時指數(shù)回升至5500點時投資”與原文不符；由It’speculiarthatinvestorsfeelit’ssafertoinvestafterthemarkethasrisenby25%thanwhenithasfallenby25%.Commonsensesuggeststhattheoppositewouldbemoreappropriate.（奇怪的是，投資者覺得在股市上漲25%后投資比下跌25%時更安全；常識告訴我們，相反的措辭會更合適）可知，市場下跌25%比股市上漲25%后投資更安全，A項“在市場上漲25%之前不做任何投資”錯誤；C項“只投資那些有復(fù)蘇跡象的公司”原文沒有提到。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段的最后一句“Schwartzsaid,‘It’snoguaranteeforthisyear,buthistoryisonourside.’Schwartz說，今年不敢保證，但歷史總是站在我們這一邊?！鄙衔奶岬?，股票市場歷史學(xué)家Schwartz表示，股票指數(shù)在11月~4月期間幾乎總是上漲的。所以選項A符合原文。

15.單選題

Asisknowntoall,avaguelawisalways（）todifferentinterpretations.

問題1選項

A.invulnerable

B.immune

C.resistant

D.susceptible

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。invulnerable“不會受傷害的，無懈可擊的”；immune“免疫的”；resistant“抵抗的，有抵抗力的”；susceptible“容許……的；易受影響的”。句意：眾所周知，一條含糊不清的法規(guī)總允許有不同的解釋。選項D符合題意。

16.單選題

HowareNikeandStarbucksconnected?Botharebrands,perhapsNikebeingmorewell-known.Botharelifestyleproducts.BothhaveUSorigins.AndbothhavebenefitedfromtheexpertiseofbrandexpertScottBedbury.

WhenBedburyjoinedNikein1987,thecompanywasaUS$750millionbusiness.HedirectedNike’sworldwideadvertisingcampaignandlaunchedthe“Justdoit”theme.Whenheleftin1994,NikewasaUS$4billioncompany.

NowBedburyisseniorvicepresidentofmarketingatStarbucksCoffee,responsibleforbuildingtheUS$700millionSeattle9basedcompanyintoaglobalbrand.

Bedburyhassomebrand-buildingprinciples.

PrincipleOne:Agreatbrandisinitforthelonghaul.Thismeansthatcompaniesneedtorealizethatagreatbrandisanecessity,notluxury.Itmeansthatcompaniescannotfocusjustonshorttermfinancialreturnsandsacrificelong-termbrand-buildinginvestments.

PrincipleTwo:Agreatbrandcanbeanything.Nikedoesnotsimplyhavetobeshoesandapparels(服裝).Nikecantakeadvantageofthedeepemotionalconnectionthatpeoplehavewithsportsandfitness.Starbuckshastheopportunityforemotionalleverageascoffeehaswovenitselfintothefabricofpeople’slives.

PrincipleThree:Agreatbrandknowsitself.Thismeansfindingoutwhatneedtoenergizeandre-energizethebrandthroughsurprising,intriguingcampaignsrelatedtothebrand’scorepositioning.

PrincipleFour:Agreatbrandinvestorinventsorreinventsanentirecategory.AccordingtoBedbury,greatbrandaimstobeaprotagonist—itaddsagreatersenseofpurposetotheexperienceconsumershavewiththebrand.Nikehasaninformedopiniononwheresportsaregoing.

PrincipleFive:Agreatbrandtapsemotions.Productperformanceisgoodbutitistheemotionalconnectionthatmattersmost.There’salwaystheemotionalelementbehindeverychoice.Abrandthathelpsconsumersconnectwiththeirdreamsandaspirationsisboundtohavemorepowerfulemotionalbonding.

What’