語法專項復習

ObjectClause賓語從句

語法專項復習ObjectClause1一、賓語從句的概念

賓語從句即句子作賓語，而不再是一個詞或短語作賓語。Ilikemyteacher.（名詞作賓語)Iknowhim.（代詞作賓語）IknowMrLiteachesEnglish.(句子作賓語）包含賓語從句的句子結構：主句+連接詞（引導詞）+賓語從句一、賓語從句的概念賓語從句即句子作賓語，而不再是一2二、賓語從句三要素連接詞時態(tài)語序二、賓語從句三要素連接詞時態(tài)語3（一）連接詞1.that(陳述句)2.whether/if（一般疑問句）3.連接代詞whowhomwhosewhatwhich4.

連接副詞whenwhywherehow。特殊疑問句（一）連接詞1.that(陳述句)特殊疑問句4由從屬連詞that引導的賓語從句注：that在句中無詞匯意義，在從句中不能充當成分，在口語當中往往省略e.g.Ihear(that)_______________________.（一小時后他會回來）Hesaid(that)______________________.（他非常想念我們）Theteachertoldus(that)___________________________.（地球圍著太陽轉）

hewillbebackinanhour

hemissedusverymuch

theearthmovesaroundthesun注意：當從句是客觀真理的時候，無論主句什么時態(tài)，從句一律用一般現(xiàn)在時由從屬連詞that引導的賓語從句注：that在句中無詞匯意5由從屬連詞whether,if引導的賓語從句e.g.1.Askhim_____________________.（他是否能來）2.Idon’tknow___________________________.（是否要下雨）

whether(if)hecancome

whetheritisgoingtorainornot當句末為ornot時，引導詞只能用whether而不能用if.由從屬連詞whether,if引導的賓語從句e.g.6If與whether的區(qū)別Idon’tknow_____hewillcomeornot.Idon’tcareof______heishandsome.Hewondered______tostayherethenextweek.____hewillcomeisnotdecided.與ornot連用只能用whether介詞后只能用whether與todo不定式連用只能用whether作主語只能用whetherIf與whether的區(qū)別Idon’tknow__7由連接代詞what,whom,whose,which,what及連接副詞

when,where,how,why引導的賓語從句whenwe’llhaveameetingwhereheishowIcangettothestationwhythetrainislatewhocouldanswerthequestion1.Heasked__________________________.(誰能回答這個問題）2.Doyouknow_________________________.（他們在等誰）3.Pleasetellme_______________________.（我們什么時候開會）4.Canyoutellme_______________.（他在哪兒）5.Couldyoutellme______________________.（我該怎么去車站）6.Wouldyoutellme_________________（為什么火車遲到了）

whomtheyarewaitingfor由連接代詞what,whom,whose,which,8（二）語序：陳述句語序

即：陳述句結構（主+謂+其他成分）將下列句子換成陳述句語序

1.Isthereabanknearhere? 2.Aretheydoinghomework?（二）語序：陳述句語序即：陳述句結構（主+謂+其他成分9（三）時態(tài)(時態(tài)一致性）1.如果主句的時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句的時態(tài)根據具體情況來確定，可以是_________時態(tài)。

Idon’tthink(that)youareright.

Pleasetelluswherewe’llgofishingtomorrow.DoyouknowwhenMr.Smithmoved

here?任何（三）時態(tài)(時態(tài)一致性）任何102.如果主句的時態(tài)是一般過去時，賓語從句只能用相應的_________時態(tài)（一般過去時，過去進行時，過去將來時，過去完成時）。例如：

HetoldmethathewasborninBeijingin1992.

HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon.

過去2.如果主句的時態(tài)是一般過去時，賓語從句只能用相應的___113.如果賓語從句所陳述的是客觀真理，即使主句用了過去時，從句仍用_______時態(tài)。例如：

Theteachersaidthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.

一般現(xiàn)在3.如果賓語從句所陳述的是客觀真理，即使主句用了過去時，從12三、賓語從句與簡單句的轉換（一）當賓語從句的主語和主句的主語相同，且主句的謂語動詞是hope,wish,decide,agree,choose等時，從句可簡化為不定式結構。

eg:(1)IhopethatIcanreceiveyoure-mail.

→I

hopetoreceiveyoure-mail_______________________.三、賓語從句與簡單句的轉換13(二）當賓語從句的主語和主句的主語相同，且主句的謂語動詞是know,remember,forget,learn等時，從句可簡化為“疑問詞+不定式”結構。

eg:(2)Shedoesn’tknowwhatsheshoulddonext.

→Shedoesn’tknow________________.(三）當主句的謂語動詞是ask,tell,show,teach等時，從句可簡化為“疑問詞+不定式”結構。

eg:(3)WillyoupleaseshowmehowIcanworkitout?

→Willyoupleaseshowme___________________.(四）當直接引語為祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，用ask/tell/orderSb.(not)todosth結構。

eg:(4)A:Pleasebequiet.B:WhatdidBillsay?A:Heaskedustobequiet.whattodonexthowtoworkitout(二）當賓語從句的主語和主句的主語相同，且主句的謂語動詞是w14四、否定轉移在含有賓語從句的主從復合句中，當主句的主語為第一人稱，謂語動詞是think，believe,guess,suppose等時，要將從句的否定詞轉移到主句中，即主句的謂語動詞用否定式，賓語從句的謂語動詞用肯定式。

eg:(5)Idon’tthinkhewillcomewithyou.

注意：這種句子在其后接附加問句時，要特別小心。

eg:(6)Idon’tbelievehehasfinishedthework,________?(7)HeknewwhyJimwasn’tatschool,___________?

解析：例6，當主句的主語為第一人稱時，附加問句的主語由賓語從句的主語充當。例7，如果主句的主語非第一人稱時，則附加問句的主語由主句的主語充當。hashedidn’the四、否定轉移hashedidn’the15１．Doyouknow__________________?A.wheredoessheliveB.sheliveswhereC.whereshelivesD.whereshelive2.Hisparentswantedtoknowwhathe______atthattime.A.isdoingB.wasdoingC.hasdoneD.willdoCB鞏固練習：I．從下列A、B、C、D中選擇一個正確選項填空。１．Doyouknow________________164．Lily’smotherlookedforherforhalfanhour,butcouldnotfind________?whatLilywas

B.whatwasLilyC.whereLilywasD.wherewasLily

C3.—Wedon’tknow______.--ItissaidthathewasborninCanada.whatheisB.whenhewasbornC.wherehecomesfromD.ifheliveshere

C4．Lily’smotherlookedforher175Thegirlsaskedifthey____somefoodanddrinkwiththem.A.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtake6Lindasaidthemoon___roundtheearth.A.travelledB.hastravelledC.travelsD.hadtravelledAC5Thegirlsaskedifthey____187.Couldyoupleasetellme________hewillcomeheretomorrow?A.ifB.weatherC.whatD.which

A8.Couldyoutellme___?A.whenwilltheyleaveBeijingB.whenwouldtheyleaveBeijingC.whentheywillleaveBeijingD.whendidtheyleaveBeijingC7.Couldyoupleasetellme__19II.改錯：1.MissZhangaskedmewhywasIlateforschool.__________________________________________MissZhangaskedmewhyIwaslateforschool.2.Fathertoldmethesunalwaysroseintheeast.__________________________________________Fathertoldmethesunalwaysrisesintheeast.3.Hedoesn’tknowthatwhenshecancomeback.__________________________________________Hedoesn’tknowwhenshecancomeback.II.改錯：1.MissZhangaskedmewh20Theradiosaysit_________cloudytomorrow.(be)Theheadmasterhopeseverything______well.(go)Tomsaysthatthey____________(play)basketballatsixo’clockyesterdayevening.Ihearhe__________(return)italready.Hesaidthatthey_________membersofthePartysince1948.(be)Heaskedwhatthey__________ateightlastnight.(do)Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight_______fasterthansound.(travel)Ithinkyou__________abouttherelayracenow.(talk)Ididn’tknowwhomtheletters_________from.(be)

willbe

goes

wereplaying

hasreturned

hadbeen

travels

aretalking

were

weredoingTheradiosaysit_________cl2110.Ididn’tknowwhattimehe_______theletter.(write)11.MissWangtoldmethattheearth______(move)roundtheearth.12.Couldyoutellmewho_________awaythebookalready?(take)13.LingFengtoldmehe_________toseveraltimes.(be)14.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_______intheeast.(rise)15.Canyoutellmewhatthey______yesterday?(do)

wrote

moves

hastaken

hasbeenrisesdid10.Ididn’tknowwhattimehe22將下列句子合并為一句:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyousayatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketomakefriendswithus?Heasked.4.“Iamdoingmyhomework.”Hesaid.5.“Iwillcomeback.”Tomsaid.Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillsayatthemeeting?Heaskediftheylikedtomakefriendswiththem.Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework.Tomsaidthathewouldcomeback.將下列句子合并為一句:Iaskedwherethey236.“Ishedoinghishomework?”Jimasked.7.“Whenwillhecomeback?”Tomasked.8.“HowcanIgettothestation?”Couldyoutellme?9.“Whyisthetrainlate?”Wouldyoutellme?10.“WhereisTom?”Theyasked.Tomaskedwhenhewouldcomeback.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?Wouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?TheyaskedwhereTomwas.

Jimaskedifhewasdoinghishomework.6.“Ishedoinghishomework?”24賓語從句小結一.結構1.當陳述句作賓語從句時,結構:主句+that+主語+謂語部分2.當一般疑問句作賓語從句時,結構:主句+if(whether)+主語+謂語部分3.當特殊疑問句作賓語從句時,結構:主句+特殊疑問詞+主語+謂語部分二．主從時態(tài)關系主句從句１．一般現(xiàn)在時２．一般過去時

3.(特殊):任何時態(tài)(客觀、自然現(xiàn)象)三.語序：陳述語序時態(tài)不變時態(tài)相應變化一般現(xiàn)在時賓語從句小結一.結構時態(tài)不變時態(tài)相應變化25語法專項復習

ObjectClause賓語從句

語法專項復習ObjectClause26一、賓語從句的概念

賓語從句即句子作賓語，而不再是一個詞或短語作賓語。Ilikemyteacher.（名詞作賓語)Iknowhim.（代詞作賓語）IknowMrLiteachesEnglish.(句子作賓語）包含賓語從句的句子結構：主句+連接詞（引導詞）+賓語從句一、賓語從句的概念賓語從句即句子作賓語，而不再是一27二、賓語從句三要素連接詞時態(tài)語序二、賓語從句三要素連接詞時態(tài)語28（一）連接詞1.that(陳述句)2.whether/if（一般疑問句）3.連接代詞whowhomwhosewhatwhich4.

連接副詞whenwhywherehow。特殊疑問句（一）連接詞1.that(陳述句)特殊疑問句29由從屬連詞that引導的賓語從句注：that在句中無詞匯意義，在從句中不能充當成分，在口語當中往往省略e.g.Ihear(that)_______________________.（一小時后他會回來）Hesaid(that)______________________.（他非常想念我們）Theteachertoldus(that)___________________________.（地球圍著太陽轉）

hewillbebackinanhour

hemissedusverymuch

theearthmovesaroundthesun注意：當從句是客觀真理的時候，無論主句什么時態(tài)，從句一律用一般現(xiàn)在時由從屬連詞that引導的賓語從句注：that在句中無詞匯意30由從屬連詞whether,if引導的賓語從句e.g.1.Askhim_____________________.（他是否能來）2.Idon’tknow___________________________.（是否要下雨）

whether(if)hecancome

whetheritisgoingtorainornot當句末為ornot時，引導詞只能用whether而不能用if.由從屬連詞whether,if引導的賓語從句e.g.31If與whether的區(qū)別Idon’tknow_____hewillcomeornot.Idon’tcareof______heishandsome.Hewondered______tostayherethenextweek.____hewillcomeisnotdecided.與ornot連用只能用whether介詞后只能用whether與todo不定式連用只能用whether作主語只能用whetherIf與whether的區(qū)別Idon’tknow__32由連接代詞what,whom,whose,which,what及連接副詞

when,where,how,why引導的賓語從句whenwe’llhaveameetingwhereheishowIcangettothestationwhythetrainislatewhocouldanswerthequestion1.Heasked__________________________.(誰能回答這個問題）2.Doyouknow_________________________.（他們在等誰）3.Pleasetellme_______________________.（我們什么時候開會）4.Canyoutellme_______________.（他在哪兒）5.Couldyoutellme______________________.（我該怎么去車站）6.Wouldyoutellme_________________（為什么火車遲到了）

whomtheyarewaitingfor由連接代詞what,whom,whose,which,33（二）語序：陳述句語序

即：陳述句結構（主+謂+其他成分）將下列句子換成陳述句語序

1.Isthereabanknearhere? 2.Aretheydoinghomework?（二）語序：陳述句語序即：陳述句結構（主+謂+其他成分34（三）時態(tài)(時態(tài)一致性）1.如果主句的時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句的時態(tài)根據具體情況來確定，可以是_________時態(tài)。

Idon’tthink(that)youareright.

Pleasetelluswherewe’llgofishingtomorrow.DoyouknowwhenMr.Smithmoved

here?任何（三）時態(tài)(時態(tài)一致性）任何352.如果主句的時態(tài)是一般過去時，賓語從句只能用相應的_________時態(tài)（一般過去時，過去進行時，過去將來時，過去完成時）。例如：

HetoldmethathewasborninBeijingin1992.

HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon.

過去2.如果主句的時態(tài)是一般過去時，賓語從句只能用相應的___363.如果賓語從句所陳述的是客觀真理，即使主句用了過去時，從句仍用_______時態(tài)。例如：

Theteachersaidthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.

一般現(xiàn)在3.如果賓語從句所陳述的是客觀真理，即使主句用了過去時，從37三、賓語從句與簡單句的轉換（一）當賓語從句的主語和主句的主語相同，且主句的謂語動詞是hope,wish,decide,agree,choose等時，從句可簡化為不定式結構。

eg:(1)IhopethatIcanreceiveyoure-mail.

→I

hopetoreceiveyoure-mail_______________________.三、賓語從句與簡單句的轉換38(二）當賓語從句的主語和主句的主語相同，且主句的謂語動詞是know,remember,forget,learn等時，從句可簡化為“疑問詞+不定式”結構。

eg:(2)Shedoesn’tknowwhatsheshoulddonext.

→Shedoesn’tknow________________.(三）當主句的謂語動詞是ask,tell,show,teach等時，從句可簡化為“疑問詞+不定式”結構。

eg:(3)WillyoupleaseshowmehowIcanworkitout?

→Willyoupleaseshowme___________________.(四）當直接引語為祈使句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，用ask/tell/orderSb.(not)todosth結構。

eg:(4)A:Pleasebequiet.B:WhatdidBillsay?A:Heaskedustobequiet.whattodonexthowtoworkitout(二）當賓語從句的主語和主句的主語相同，且主句的謂語動詞是w39四、否定轉移在含有賓語從句的主從復合句中，當主句的主語為第一人稱，謂語動詞是think，believe,guess,suppose等時，要將從句的否定詞轉移到主句中，即主句的謂語動詞用否定式，賓語從句的謂語動詞用肯定式。

eg:(5)Idon’tthinkhewillcomewithyou.

注意：這種句子在其后接附加問句時，要特別小心。

eg:(6)Idon’tbelievehehasfinishedthework,________?(7)HeknewwhyJimwasn’tatschool,___________?

解析：例6，當主句的主語為第一人稱時，附加問句的主語由賓語從句的主語充當。例7，如果主句的主語非第一人稱時，則附加問句的主語由主句的主語充當。hashedidn’the四、否定轉移hashedidn’the40１．Doyouknow__________________?A.wheredoessheliveB.sheliveswhereC.whereshelivesD.whereshelive2.Hisparentswantedtoknowwhathe______atthattime.A.isdoingB.wasdoingC.hasdoneD.willdoCB鞏固練習：I．從下列A、B、C、D中選擇一個正確選項填空。１．Doyouknow________________414．Lily’smotherlookedforherforhalfanhour,butcouldnotfind________?whatLilywas

B.whatwasLilyC.whereLilywasD.wherewasLily

C3.—Wedon’tknow______.--ItissaidthathewasborninCanada.whatheisB.whenhewasbornC.wherehecomesfromD.ifheliveshere

C4．Lily’smotherlookedforher425Thegirlsaskedifthey____somefoodanddrinkwiththem.A.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtake6Lindasaidthemoon___roundtheearth.A.travelledB.hastravelledC.travelsD.hadtravelledAC5Thegirlsaskedifthey____437.Couldyoupleasetellme________hewillcomeheretomorrow?A.ifB.weatherC.whatD.which

A8.Couldyoutellme___?A.whenwilltheyleaveBeijingB.whenwouldtheyleaveBeijingC.whentheywillleaveBeijingD.whendidtheyleaveBeijingC7.Couldyoupleasetellme__44II.改錯：1.MissZhangaskedmewhywasIlateforschool.__________________________________________MissZhangaskedmewhyIwaslateforschool.2.Fathertoldmethesunalwaysroseintheeast.__________________________________________Fathertoldmethesunalwaysrisesintheeast.3.Hedoesn’tknowthatwhenshecancomeback.__________________________________________Hedoesn’tknowwhenshecancomeback.II.改錯：1.MissZhangaskedmewh45Theradiosaysit_________cloudytomorrow.(be)Theheadmasterhopeseverything______well.(go)Tomsaysthatthey____________(play)basketballatsixo’clockyesterdayevening.Ihearhe__________(return)italready.Hesaidthatthey_________membersofthePartysince1948.(be)Heaskedwhatthey__________ateightlastnight.(do)Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight_______fasterthansound.(travel)Ithinkyou__________abouttherelayracenow.(talk)Ididn’tknowwhomtheletters_________from.(be)

willbe

goes

wereplaying

hasreturned

hadbeen

travels

aretalking

were

weredoingTheradiosaysit_________cl4610.Ididn’tknowwhattimehe_______theletter.(write)11.MissWangtoldmethattheearth