Let'sLearntogether!Let'sLearntogether!直接引語與間接引語引述某人的話一般采用兩種形式：一種是直接引語（directspeech),即原封不動地引用原話，把原話放在引號內(nèi)；一種是間接引語（indirectspeech)，即用自己的話加以轉(zhuǎn)述，被轉(zhuǎn)述的內(nèi)容不放在引號內(nèi)。直接引語與間接引語引述某人的話一般采用兩種形式：Theboysaid,"Iamsmart."that

he

wassmart.TheboysaidTheboysaid,"Iamsmart."thaThebutterflysaid,"Icanfly."that

it

couldfly.ThebutterflysaidThebutterflysaid,"IcanflyTheteachersaid,“Iampreparingalesson.”Theteachersaidthat

hewaspreparingalesson.Theteachersaid,“Iamprepar

Shesaid

thatshe

likedsinging.Shesaid

thatshe

waswaitingforabus.Shesaid

thatshe

hadnevermetanAmerican.

Shesaid

thatshe

would

seemethenextweek.

ShesaidthatshelikedsingiSUMMARY

直接引語是陳述句,變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)用連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句.從句中的人稱,時(shí)態(tài),指示代詞,時(shí)間狀語,地點(diǎn)狀語等相應(yīng)變化.SUMMARY直接引語是陳述句,變?yōu)殚g接引whether/ifwelikedsinging.“Doyoulikesinging?”Heaskedwhether/ifwelikedsinging.“Dwhether/ifIwasadoctor.“Areyouadoctor?”Heaskedwhether/ifIwasadoctor.“AreHeaskedme,“WhatcanIdoforyou?”Heaskedmewhat

he

coulddoforme.Heaskedme,“WhatcanIdofoMarysaidtoAnn,“Howcanyoudothat?”MaryaskedAnnhow

she

coulddothat.MarysaidtoAnn,“HowcanyouHeaskedthemwhohadgiventhematalk.Sheaskeduswhereweweregoingtogetoff.Sheaskedmeif/whetherIhadseenthefilm.HeaskedJohnif/whetherhewasadoctor.HeaskedthemwhohadgiventhSUMMARY直接引語是一般疑問句,變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí),用連詞if或whether連接。直接引語是特殊疑問句,變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí),仍用原來的疑問詞作連詞來引導(dǎo)。SUMMARY直接引語是一般疑問句,變?yōu)镠easkedme,”AreyoufromBeijing?”TomaskedAnn,“Doyoulikeapples?”TomaskedAnnifshelikedapples.Heaskedmeif/whetherIwasfromBeijing.Heaskedme,”AreyoufromBeiIfvs.whetherIdon'tknowwhether/iftheywillcometohelpus.(一般情況下可以通用)Idon'tknowwhetherornottheywillcomeforourhelp.(whetherornot/whether...ornot)Ifvs.whetherIdon'tknowwh直接引語是祈使句，變成間接引語時(shí)，把動詞原形變成動詞不定式，并在動詞不定前加tell,ask,order等的賓語。例如：Theteacherordered,"Bequiet."Thecaptainorderedustobequiet.直接引語是祈使句，變成間接引語時(shí)，把動詞原形變成動詞不定式，注意：此種情況的否定句，在動詞不定式前加not。Myteacheraskedme,"Don'tlaugh."Myteacheraskedmenottolaugh.注意：此種情況的否定句，在動詞不定式前加not。Mytea直接引語→間接引語：人稱時(shí)態(tài)變化①直接引語中的第一人稱，一般轉(zhuǎn)換為第三人稱（一隨主）

Hesaid,“Iamverysorry.”→Hesaidthathewasverysorry.

②直接引語中的第二人稱，如果原話是針對轉(zhuǎn)述人說的，轉(zhuǎn)換為第一人稱（二隨賓）

“You

shouldbemorecarefulnexttime,”myfathertoldme.→MyfathertoldmethatIshouldbemorecarefulthenexttime.

直接引語→間接引語：人稱時(shí)態(tài)變化①直接引語中的第一人稱，一般③直接引語中的第二人稱，如果原話是針對第三人稱說的，轉(zhuǎn)換成第三人稱（二隨賓）

Shesaidtoherson,“I'llcheckyourhomeworktonight.”

→Shesaidtohersonthatshewouldcheckhishomeworkthatnight.

④人稱的轉(zhuǎn)換包括人稱代詞、物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞等，如：

Heaskedme,“Will

yougotothestationwithme?”

→HeaskedmewhetherIwouldgotothestationwithhim.③直接引語中的第二人稱，如果原話是針對第三人稱說的，轉(zhuǎn)換成第（1）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)變?yōu)橐话氵^去時(shí)（2）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)變?yōu)檫^去進(jìn)行時(shí)（3）一般將來時(shí)變?yōu)檫^去將來時(shí)（4）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)變?yōu)檫^去完成時(shí)（5）一般過去時(shí)變?yōu)檫^去完成時(shí)（6）過去時(shí)態(tài)不變

直接引語→間接引語：時(shí)態(tài)的變化（1）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)變?yōu)橐话氵^去時(shí)直接引語→間接引語：時(shí)態(tài)的變時(shí)態(tài)不變化：

①直接引語是客觀真理

“Themoonmovesaroundtheearth”,theteachertoldme.→Theteachertoldmethemoonmovesaroundtheearth.

②直接引語是過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變

Jacksaid,“John,wherewereyougoingwhenImetyouinthestreet?”→JackaskedJohnwherehewasgoingwhenhemethiminthestreet.

時(shí)態(tài)不變化：

①直接引語是客觀真理

“Themo③直接引語中有具體的過去某年、某月、某日作狀語，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。

XiaoWangsaid,“IwasbornonApril2l,1980.”

→XiaoWangsaidhewasbornonApril20,1980.

④直接引語如果是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。表示一種反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性的動作，變間接引語，時(shí)態(tài)不變。

Hesaid,“Igetupatsixeverymorning.”→Hesaidhegetsupatsixeverymorning.③直接引語中有具體的過去某年、某月、某日作狀語，變?yōu)殚g接引語⑤如果直接引語中的情態(tài)動詞沒有過去時(shí)的形式(例：oughtto，hadbetter,usedto)和已經(jīng)是過去時(shí)的形式時(shí)(例：could,should,would,might)，時(shí)態(tài)不再變。

Petersaid,“Youhadbettercomeheretoday.”→PetersaidIhadbettergotherethatday.

⑤如果直接引語中的情態(tài)動詞沒有過去時(shí)的形式(例：ought直接引語→間接引語：句式變化①直接引語如果是陳述句，間接引語應(yīng)改為由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。

Shesaid,“Ourbuswillarriveinfiveminutes.”→Shesaidthattheirbuswouldarriveinfiveminutes.直接引語→間接引語：句式變化①直接引語如果是陳述句，間接引語②直接引語如果是一般疑問句，間接引語應(yīng)改為由whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句.但用陳述句語序

Hesaid,“Canyouswim,John?”→HeaskedJohnifhecouldswim.

“Doyougotoschoolbybusorbybike?”Heaskedme.→HeaskedmeifIwenttoschoolbybusorbybike.②直接引語如果是一般疑問句，間接引語應(yīng)改為由whether或“Youhavefinishedthehomework,haven’tyou?”mymotherasked.→MymotheraskedmewhetherIhadfinishedthehomework.

“Youhavefinishedthehomewor③直接引語如果是特殊問句，間接引語應(yīng)該改為由疑問代詞或疑問副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句（賓語從句必須用陳述句語序）。

Sheaskedme,“Whendotheyhavetheirdinner?”→Sheaskedmewhentheyhadtheirdinner.

③直接引語如果是特殊問句，間接引語應(yīng)該改為由疑問代詞或疑問副④直接引語如果是祈使句，間接引語應(yīng)根據(jù)語氣改為“tell(ask,order,beg等)sb.(not)todosth.”句型。如：

“Don’tmakeanynoise,”shesaidtothechildren.告誡語氣→Shetold(ordered)thechildrennottomakeanynoise.

“Bringmeacupoftea,please,”saidshe.要求語氣→Sheaskedhimtobringheracupoftea.④直接引語如果是祈使句，間接引語應(yīng)根據(jù)語氣改為“tellIt'syourturnnow!It'syourturnnow!1.“Inevereatmeat,”hesaid.

Hesaidthat______never______meat.

2.“I’vefoundmywallet,”hesaidtome.

He______methathe__________________wallet.

3.“Itookithomewithme,”shesaid.

Shesaidthat___________________ithomewithher.

heatetoldhadfoundhisshehadtaken1.“Inevereatmeat,”hesaid4.Theteachersaid,“Thesunrisesintheeastandgoesdowninthewest.”

Theteachersaidthatthesun______intheeastand______downinthewest.

5.“Imetheryesterday,”hesaidtome.

He______methathe______methertheday______.

6.“Youmustcomeherebeforefive,”hesaid.

HesaidthatI______togo______beforefive.risesgoestoldhadbeforehadthere4.Theteachersaid,“Thesun7.“Iboughtthehouse10yearsago,”hesaid.

Hesaidthathe_______boughtthehouse10years_______.

8.“Didyouseeherlastweek?”hesaid.

He__________________Ihadseenhertheweek_______.

9.Hesaid,“Youcansithere,Jim.”

He______Jimthathe______sitthere.hadbeforeaskedwhether/ifbeforetoldcould7.“Iboughtthehouse10year10.Heasked,“Howdidyoufindit,mother?”

Heaskedhermother__________________foundit.

11.“Wherehaveyoubeenthesedays?”heasked.

Heaskedme_____________________been_______days.

12.“Doyouknowwhereshelives?”heasked.

Heasked____________knewwhereshe______.howshehadwhereIhadthoseif/whetherIlived10.Heasked,“HowdidyoufinChallengeyouself!Challengeyouself!1.Didyouunderstand___?

A.whatshesaidB.whattosayC.whatdidshesaidD.howshehadsaid2.whocantellus___aboutoverthere?

A.whattheytalkB.whataretalkingC.whatdotheytalkD.whattheyaretalking3.Thegirlisthinkingabout___shewillgoabroadtostudyEnglishnextyear.

A.ifB.whatC.whetherD.when4.theteachersaidthat___.

A.thesunmovesaroundtheearthB.theearthmovedaroundthesunC.themoonisoursatelliteD.themoonwasoursatelliteACCc1.Didyouunderstand___?ACCc5.Idon’tknowwhenhe__back,Pleasetellhimthenewswhenhe___back.

A.come;willcomeB.comes;comesc.willcome;comesD.willcome;willcome6.Idon’tknowifhisuncle____.Ithinkhe___ifheisfree.

A.willcome;comesB.willcome,willcomeC.comescomesD.comes;willcome7.Thereisnotmuchdifferentbetweenthetwo.Ireallydon’tknow_____.

A.whatshouldIchooseB.whichIshouldchooseC.whichshouldIchoseD.whatIchoose8.Nooneknows____.

A.whichgatewehavetogoB.whichgatewemustgoC.whichgatedowehavetogotoD.whichgatewehavetogotoBBDC5.Idon’tknowwhenhe__back,9．Doyouknow__________________?A.wheredoessheliveB.sheliveswhereC.whereshelivesD.whereshelive10.Hisparentswantedtoknowwhathe______atthattime.A.isdoingB.wasdoingC.hasdoneD.willdoCB9．Doyouknow________________12．Lily’smotherlookedforherforhalfanhour,butcouldnotfind________?whatLilywas

B.whatwasLilyC.whereLilywasD.wherewasLily

C11.—Wedon’tknow______.--ItissaidthathewasborninCanada.whatheisB.whenhewasbornC.wherehecomesfromD.ifheliveshere

C12．Lily’smotherlookedforhe13Thegirlsaskedifthey____somefoodanddrinkwiththem.A.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtake14Lindasaidthemoon___roundtheearth.A.travelledB.hastravelledC.travelsD.hadtravelledAC13Thegirlsaskedifthey___15.Couldyoupleasetellme________hewillcomeheretomorrow?A.ifB.weatherC.whatD.which

A16.Couldyoutellme___?A.whenwilltheyleaveBeijingB.whenwouldtheyleaveBeijingC.whentheywillleaveBeijingD.whendidtheyleaveBeijingC15.Couldyoupleasetellme_賓語從句三要素引導(dǎo)詞that+陳述句

if／whether+一般疑問句

特殊疑問詞+特殊疑問句時(shí)態(tài)主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)從句可為任何時(shí)態(tài)主句為一般過去時(shí)從句一般過去時(shí)過去將來時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去完成時(shí)語序賓語從句的語序都為陳述句語序客觀真理時(shí)態(tài)不變賓語從句三要素引導(dǎo)詞that+陳述句if／whether+Thankyou!Thankyou!Let'sLearntogether!Let'sLearntogether!直接引語與間接引語引述某人的話一般采用兩種形式：一種是直接引語（directspeech),即原封不動地引用原話，把原話放在引號內(nèi)；一種是間接引語（indirectspeech)，即用自己的話加以轉(zhuǎn)述，被轉(zhuǎn)述的內(nèi)容不放在引號內(nèi)。直接引語與間接引語引述某人的話一般采用兩種形式：Theboysaid,"Iamsmart."that

he

wassmart.TheboysaidTheboysaid,"Iamsmart."thaThebutterflysaid,"Icanfly."that

it

couldfly.ThebutterflysaidThebutterflysaid,"IcanflyTheteachersaid,“Iampreparingalesson.”Theteachersaidthat

hewaspreparingalesson.Theteachersaid,“Iamprepar

Shesaid

thatshe

likedsinging.Shesaid

thatshe

waswaitingforabus.Shesaid

thatshe

hadnevermetanAmerican.

Shesaid

thatshe

would

seemethenextweek.

ShesaidthatshelikedsingiSUMMARY

直接引語是陳述句,變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)用連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句.從句中的人稱,時(shí)態(tài),指示代詞,時(shí)間狀語,地點(diǎn)狀語等相應(yīng)變化.SUMMARY直接引語是陳述句,變?yōu)殚g接引whether/ifwelikedsinging.“Doyoulikesinging?”Heaskedwhether/ifwelikedsinging.“Dwhether/ifIwasadoctor.“Areyouadoctor?”Heaskedwhether/ifIwasadoctor.“AreHeaskedme,“WhatcanIdoforyou?”Heaskedmewhat

he

coulddoforme.Heaskedme,“WhatcanIdofoMarysaidtoAnn,“Howcanyoudothat?”MaryaskedAnnhow

she

coulddothat.MarysaidtoAnn,“HowcanyouHeaskedthemwhohadgiventhematalk.Sheaskeduswhereweweregoingtogetoff.Sheaskedmeif/whetherIhadseenthefilm.HeaskedJohnif/whetherhewasadoctor.HeaskedthemwhohadgiventhSUMMARY直接引語是一般疑問句,變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí),用連詞if或whether連接。直接引語是特殊疑問句,變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí),仍用原來的疑問詞作連詞來引導(dǎo)。SUMMARY直接引語是一般疑問句,變?yōu)镠easkedme,”AreyoufromBeijing?”TomaskedAnn,“Doyoulikeapples?”TomaskedAnnifshelikedapples.Heaskedmeif/whetherIwasfromBeijing.Heaskedme,”AreyoufromBeiIfvs.whetherIdon'tknowwhether/iftheywillcometohelpus.(一般情況下可以通用)Idon'tknowwhetherornottheywillcomeforourhelp.(whetherornot/whether...ornot)Ifvs.whetherIdon'tknowwh直接引語是祈使句，變成間接引語時(shí)，把動詞原形變成動詞不定式，并在動詞不定前加tell,ask,order等的賓語。例如：Theteacherordered,"Bequiet."Thecaptainorderedustobequiet.直接引語是祈使句，變成間接引語時(shí)，把動詞原形變成動詞不定式，注意：此種情況的否定句，在動詞不定式前加not。Myteacheraskedme,"Don'tlaugh."Myteacheraskedmenottolaugh.注意：此種情況的否定句，在動詞不定式前加not。Mytea直接引語→間接引語：人稱時(shí)態(tài)變化①直接引語中的第一人稱，一般轉(zhuǎn)換為第三人稱（一隨主）

Hesaid,“Iamverysorry.”→Hesaidthathewasverysorry.

②直接引語中的第二人稱，如果原話是針對轉(zhuǎn)述人說的，轉(zhuǎn)換為第一人稱（二隨賓）

“You

shouldbemorecarefulnexttime,”myfathertoldme.→MyfathertoldmethatIshouldbemorecarefulthenexttime.

直接引語→間接引語：人稱時(shí)態(tài)變化①直接引語中的第一人稱，一般③直接引語中的第二人稱，如果原話是針對第三人稱說的，轉(zhuǎn)換成第三人稱（二隨賓）

Shesaidtoherson,“I'llcheckyourhomeworktonight.”

→Shesaidtohersonthatshewouldcheckhishomeworkthatnight.

④人稱的轉(zhuǎn)換包括人稱代詞、物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞等，如：

Heaskedme,“Will

yougotothestationwithme?”

→HeaskedmewhetherIwouldgotothestationwithhim.③直接引語中的第二人稱，如果原話是針對第三人稱說的，轉(zhuǎn)換成第（1）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)變?yōu)橐话氵^去時(shí)（2）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)變?yōu)檫^去進(jìn)行時(shí)（3）一般將來時(shí)變?yōu)檫^去將來時(shí)（4）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)變?yōu)檫^去完成時(shí)（5）一般過去時(shí)變?yōu)檫^去完成時(shí)（6）過去時(shí)態(tài)不變

直接引語→間接引語：時(shí)態(tài)的變化（1）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)變?yōu)橐话氵^去時(shí)直接引語→間接引語：時(shí)態(tài)的變時(shí)態(tài)不變化：

①直接引語是客觀真理

“Themoonmovesaroundtheearth”,theteachertoldme.→Theteachertoldmethemoonmovesaroundtheearth.

②直接引語是過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變

Jacksaid,“John,wherewereyougoingwhenImetyouinthestreet?”→JackaskedJohnwherehewasgoingwhenhemethiminthestreet.

時(shí)態(tài)不變化：

①直接引語是客觀真理

“Themo③直接引語中有具體的過去某年、某月、某日作狀語，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)不變。

XiaoWangsaid,“IwasbornonApril2l,1980.”

→XiaoWangsaidhewasbornonApril20,1980.

④直接引語如果是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。表示一種反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性的動作，變間接引語，時(shí)態(tài)不變。

Hesaid,“Igetupatsixeverymorning.”→Hesaidhegetsupatsixeverymorning.③直接引語中有具體的過去某年、某月、某日作狀語，變?yōu)殚g接引語⑤如果直接引語中的情態(tài)動詞沒有過去時(shí)的形式(例：oughtto，hadbetter,usedto)和已經(jīng)是過去時(shí)的形式時(shí)(例：could,should,would,might)，時(shí)態(tài)不再變。

Petersaid,“Youhadbettercomeheretoday.”→PetersaidIhadbettergotherethatday.

⑤如果直接引語中的情態(tài)動詞沒有過去時(shí)的形式(例：ought直接引語→間接引語：句式變化①直接引語如果是陳述句，間接引語應(yīng)改為由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。

Shesaid,“Ourbuswillarriveinfiveminutes.”→Shesaidthattheirbuswouldarriveinfiveminutes.直接引語→間接引語：句式變化①直接引語如果是陳述句，間接引語②直接引語如果是一般疑問句，間接引語應(yīng)改為由whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句.但用陳述句語序

Hesaid,“Canyouswim,John?”→HeaskedJohnifhecouldswim.

“Doyougotoschoolbybusorbybike?”Heaskedme.→HeaskedmeifIwenttoschoolbybusorbybike.②直接引語如果是一般疑問句，間接引語應(yīng)改為由whether或“Youhavefinishedthehomework,haven’tyou?”mymotherasked.→MymotheraskedmewhetherIhadfinishedthehomework.

“Youhavefinishedthehomewor③直接引語如果是特殊問句，間接引語應(yīng)該改為由疑問代詞或疑問副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句（賓語從句必須用陳述句語序）。

Sheaskedme,“Whendotheyhavetheirdinner?”→Sheaskedmewhentheyhadtheirdinner.

③直接引語如果是特殊問句，間接引語應(yīng)該改為由疑問代詞或疑問副④直接引語如果是祈使句，間接引語應(yīng)根據(jù)語氣改為“tell(ask,order,beg等)sb.(not)todosth.”句型。如：

“Don’tmakeanynoise,”shesaidtothechildren.告誡語氣→Shetold(ordered)thechildrennottomakeanynoise.

“Bringmeacupoftea,please,”saidshe.要求語氣→Sheaskedhimtobringheracupoftea.④直接引語如果是祈使句，間接引語應(yīng)根據(jù)語氣改為“tellIt'syourturnnow!It'syourturnnow!1.“Inevereatmeat,”hesaid.

Hesaidthat______never______meat.

2.“I’vefoundmywallet,”hesaidtome.

He______methathe__________________wallet.

3.“Itookithomewithme,”shesaid.

Shesaidthat___________________ithomewithher.

heatetoldhadfoundhisshehadtaken1.“Inevereatmeat,”hesaid4.Theteachersaid,“Thesunrisesintheeastandgoesdowninthewest.”

Theteachersaidthatthesun______intheeastand______downinthewest.

5.“Imetheryesterday,”hesaidtome.

He______methathe______methertheday______.

6.“Youmustcomeherebeforefive,”hesaid.

HesaidthatI______togo______beforefive.risesgoestoldhadbeforehadthere4.Theteachersaid,“Thesun7.“Iboughtthehouse10yearsago,”hesaid.

Hesaidthathe_______boughtthehouse10years_______.

8.“Didyouseeherlastweek?”hesaid.

He__________________Ihadseenhertheweek_______.

9.Hesaid,“Youcansithere,Jim.”

He______Jimthathe______sitthere.hadbeforeaskedwhether/ifbeforetoldcould7.“Iboughtthehouse10year10.Heasked,“Howdidyoufindit,mother?”

Heaskedhermother__________________foundit.

11.“Wherehaveyoubeenthesedays?”heasked.

Heaskedme_____________________been_______days.

12.“Doyouknowwhereshelives?”heasked.

Heasked____________knewwhereshe______.howshehadwhereIhadthoseif/whetherIlived10.Heasked,“HowdidyoufinChallengeyouself!Challengeyouself!1.Didyouunderstand___?

A.whatshesaidB.whattosayC.whatdidshesaidD.howshehadsaid2.whocantellus___aboutoverthere?

A.whattheytalkB.whataretalkingC.whatdotheytalkD.whattheyaretalking3.Thegirlisthinkingabout___shewillgoabroadtostudyEnglishnextyear.

A.ifB.whatC.whetherD.when4.theteachersaidthat___.

A.thesunmovesaroundtheearthB.theearthmovedaroundthesunC.themoonisoursatelliteD.themoonwasoursatelliteACCc1.Didyouunderstand___?ACCc5.Idon’tknowwhenhe__back,Pleasetellhimthenewswhenhe___back.

A.come;willcomeB.comes;comesc.willcome;comesD.willcome;willcome6.Idon’tknowifhisuncle____.Ithinkhe___ifheisfree.

A.willcome;comesB.willcome,willcomeC.comescomesD.comes;willcome