商務英語的語言特點語言特點一：要避免使用you-attitude,注意語言表達的態(tài)度和語氣。例:Accordingtoourrecords,itseemsthatyouhaveforgottentofilethepersonaldata.改為:Accordingtoourrecords,Ididn'tfindtherequiredpersonaldata.語言特點二:語言表達準確,簡潔，商務英語要表達準確,思路清晰,邏輯性強,用具體的語言把信息傳遞給對方。用詞明白易懂,正式規(guī)范,簡短達意。翻譯技巧:使用約定俗成的術語,用來指貿(mào)易中的概念,例:FOB(freeonboard-離岸價格）,CFR（costandfreight—成本.保險加運費）避免使用冗長的表達。例:Allapplicantswhoareinterestedinthejobareobligatedtoprovidethenamesofthreereferenceswhomwecanwritetoforevaluationofyourjobperformance.改為:Allapplicantsaresupposedtoprovidethreereferencesforevaluationofyourjobperformance.語言特點三:專業(yè)性強。商務英語大量使用專業(yè)術語。因此要充分理解商務英語的意義和內(nèi)涵,必須有商務理論和商務實務等方面的知識。翻譯技巧:掌握專業(yè)術語,并注意術語在具體語境中的運用，例一:Thesellershouldpresentthefollowingdocumentsrequiredfornegotiationtothebanks.句中和的negotiation應譯為“議付”,而不是常用意思“談判”。例二:quotationandoffer為報盤和發(fā)盤;商業(yè)發(fā)票為commercialinvoice;匯票為billofexchange等。語言特點四:存在文化差異。商務英語是一種交際語言,只有當說話者對談話的背景有著共同的認識和理解時,口語交際的目的才能實現(xiàn)。因此要掌握一定的異國文化背景,使來自不同文化的人能夠很快融洽。翻譯技巧:例一:大白兔在我們看來是親切可愛的,但在澳大利亞大量野兔破壞草原與牛羊爭食,影響畜牧業(yè)的發(fā)展,不受人們歡迎。因而如果把大白兔譯為“WhiteRabbit”并把奶糖銷往澳大利亞,銷量會不如人意。例二:中國人把“龍”看成是民族的圖騰,但是在英語里Dragon是邪惡的象征,而tiger被認為是“勇猛,富有進取精神”的象征,因此,獎‘亞洲四小龍'翻譯成FourAsianTigers就更能確切的表達原意。漢譯英注意事項：1)根據(jù)你方要求可譯為:inaccordancewithyourrequest或asperyourrequirement但不宜譯為:accordingtoyourdemand.前兩種譯法是對的,但顯得有些公事公辦容易產(chǎn)生距離感,因此不如譯為:asyouasked/asrequired/asrequested達意即可.(2)我方可保證收到訂單后兩周內(nèi)交貨.解析:如果"交貨"定義很明確,而且與客戶的貿(mào)易條款已商量妥當,可譯為:Weguaranteetodeliverthegoodswithinfourteendaysofreceiptofyourorder.但如果"交貨"定義不明,貿(mào)易條款尚未商量妥當時,建議不要落實譯為deliverthegoods,可以采用effectshipment為好,為了淡化或者中和漢語原文中的"可保證",而不把話說死,以免被動,可譯為:Wewouldtrytoeffectshipmentinfourteendaysofthereceiptofyourorder.因此,在商貿(mào)英語中,漢英表達不必要求句法與詞上的一一對應,關鍵是把事情說清楚,更有效地為促成貿(mào)易而服務.3無論漢語原文是專業(yè)色彩較濃的,還是相對口語化的,用于信函往來的譯文都可以使用一般化的句型和詞匯,只要說清楚事情就行,不必追求風格上的一致.例：如果你方的價格做得開的話,我們相信能成大生意.a.Ifyourpricesareinline,wetrustimportantbusinesscanmaterialize.b,Ifyourpricesareattractive,webelievewecanmakebigbusiness.4）很高興收到你方8月25日詢價,根據(jù)你方要求,今寄上有插圖的目錄和明細價目單.處理為一大一小兩個簡單句WewereverypleasedtoreceiveyourinquiryofAugust25andencloseourillustratedcatalogueandthedetailedprice-listasyouasked.處理為兩個句子.第一句告知來信收到表示感謝,WeareverypleasedtoreceiveyourinquiryofAugust25.WewereverypleasedtohavereceivedyourinquiryofAugust25.第二句根據(jù)特定要求采取寄上目錄和價單的行動.（漢語原文中省略了主語,英譯文中必須有主語,譯文的主語可以是"我"或"我們"或"我公司",這樣譯文可以是以下的任何一個或其他變體:Iampleasedtoencloseourillustratedcatalogueandtheprice-listforyourreference.Wearepleasedtoencloseourillustratedcatalogueandtheprice-listforyourreference.C,譯文主語為”目錄".以物為主語在英語中遠比漢語中用的多.Theillustratedcatalogueandthedetailedprice-listyouaskedforhavebeenenclosed.5漢語是一種流水句,分句間可以由逗號相連;但英語講究形式上的相互照應,不同語法功能的從句必須反映在句型和關聯(lián)詞上.這是漢譯英中比較重大的一條.也就是說,漢語可以用四個逗號隔出五個分句,但英語不可以,而是要用關聯(lián)詞,從字面形式上體現(xiàn)出其內(nèi)在關系.例：我們希望指出,這里市場競爭激烈,要想成功地銷售出去,你方報價須具有吸引力,否則將有困難1)Wewouldliketopointoutthatbecauseoftheharsh/fiercecompetitioninourmarketyourquotationmustbeattractivetothebuyersatourendbeforewecouldsellsuccessfullyyourproductshere。如果五個句子綜合考慮,可以變換角度譯為:Wewouldliketopointoutthatyourquotationhastobeattractivetothebuyershere,otherwiseitwouldbedifficultforustosellyourproductsinthiscompetitivemarket.經(jīng)貿(mào)英語實用版aminimumlivingstandardsystem最低生活保障系統(tǒng)Account帳戶Accountingequatic會計等式Accountingsystem會計系統(tǒng)AllRisks—切險AmericanAccountingAssociatior美國會計協(xié)會AmericanInstitutoefCPAs美國注冊會計師協(xié)會Articulatic勾稽關系Assets資產(chǎn)Audit審計badaccount壞帳Balanceshee資產(chǎn)負債表bearmarket熊市blankendorse空白背書Bookkeepking簿記bullmarket牛市Businessentity企業(yè)個體Capitalstock股本cargoreceipt承運貨物收據(jù)Cashflowprospects現(xiàn)金流量預測catalogue商品目錄CertificateinInternalAuditing內(nèi)部審計證書CertificateinManagementAccounting管理會計證書CertificatePublicAccountant注冊會計師ChinaSecuritiesRegulatoryCommission中國證監(jiān)會China's"BigFour"commercialbanks中國四大商業(yè)銀行close-endedfund封閉式基金commission傭金consignee收貨人Corporation公司Costaccounting成本會計costandfreightCFR成本加運費價格costinsuranceandfreightCIF成本加運保費Costprinciple成本原則Creditor債權人cutamelon分紅deadaccount呆帳Deflation通貨緊縮delivery交貨Disclosure批露dividend，bonusstock股息，紅利downturn低迷時期endorsed背書enforcestockholdingsystem實行股份制Expenses費用exportdepartment出口部Externalusers外部使用者F.P.A.(FreefromParticularAverage)平安險F.W.R.D.(FreshWaterRainDamage)淡水雨淋險facevalue面值fees－for－taxreform費改稅Financialaccounting財務會計FinancialAccountingStandardsBoard財務會計準則委員會Financialactivities籌資活動Financialforecast財務預測Financialstatement財務報表foreignexchangereservers外匯儲備futuresmarket期貨市場Generallyacceptedaccountingprinciples公認會計原則General-purposeinFORMation通用目的信息genetically－modifiedproducts基因改良產(chǎn)品Going-concernassumption持續(xù)經(jīng)營假設GovernmentAccountingOfficegovern會計辦公室HookDamage鉤損險importdepartment進口部Incomestatement損益表incometax所得稅indicativeprice參考價格Inflation通貨膨漲Inquiry詢盤InstituteofInternalAuditors內(nèi)部審計師協(xié)會InstituteofManagementAccountants管理會計師協(xié)會Integrity整合性Internalauditing內(nèi)部審計Internalcontrolstructure內(nèi)部控制結構InternalRevenueService國內(nèi)收入署Internalusers內(nèi)部使用者Investingactivities投資活動knowledge-basedeconomy知識經(jīng)濟labour-intensiveeconomy勞動密集型經(jīng)濟Liabilities負債（M0）moneyincirculation流通中的現(xiàn)金（M1）narrowmoney狹義貨幣（M2）broadmoney廣義貨幣Managementaccounting管理會計marinebillsoflading海運提單nationalbonds國債nationalize；nationalization國有化Negativecashflow負現(xiàn)金流量non-perFORMingloan不良貸款non-workincome非勞動收入notify被通知人open-endedfund開放式基金Operatingactivities經(jīng)營活動order訂貨outstandingofdeposits存款余額Owner'sequity所有者權益partialshipment分批裝運Partnership合伙企業(yè)Positivecashflow正現(xiàn)金流量pressconference記者招待會pricelist價目表privatize；privatization私有化proactivefiscalmeasures積極的財政政策promoteindependentdecision－makingbystate－ownedenterprises提高企業(yè)自主權publicrelationsdepartment公關部publiclyownedeconomy公有經(jīng)濟recession衰退時期rectifythemarketorder整頓市場秩序reducestate'sstakeinlistedcompanies國有股減持restraintoftrade貿(mào)易管制Retainedearning留存利潤Returnofinvestment投資回報Returnoninvestment投資報酬Revenue收入RiskofIntermixtureandContamination混雜、玷污險RiskofLeakage滲漏險Riskofodor串味險RiskofRust銹蝕險salestermsandconditions銷售條件SecuritiesandExchangeCommission證券交易委員會shareholdingsystem;joint-stocksystem股份制shippingorder托運單ShortageRisk短缺險Soleproprietorship獨資企業(yè)Solvency清償能力specification規(guī)格Stable-dollarassumption穩(wěn)定貨幣假設statestockreduction國有股減持Statementofcashflow現(xiàn)金流量表Statementoffinancialposition財務狀況表steadymonetarypolicies穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策Stockholders股東Stockholders'equity股東權益streghtenthegovernment'smacro-regulatoryfunctions加強govern宏觀調(diào)控作用StrikesRisk罷工險T.P.N.D.(Theft,Pilferage&Non-delivery)偷竊提貨不著險Taxaccounting稅務會計technology-intensiveeconomy技術密集型經(jīng)濟theDowJonesindustrialaverage道瓊斯工業(yè)平均指數(shù)thefirstmajorityshareholder第一大股東theHangSengindex恒生指數(shù)thintrade交易薄弱tobecomethemajorityshareholder/totakeacontrollingstake控股toexpanddomesticdemand擴大內(nèi)需value-addedtax增值稅W.A./W.P.A(WithAverageorWithParticularAverage)水漬險WarRisk戰(zhàn)爭險Windowdressing門面粉飾year-on-year與去年同期數(shù)字相比的股息，紅利dividendorbonusstock國民生產(chǎn)總值GNP(GrossNationalProduct)人均國民生產(chǎn)總值percapitaGNP產(chǎn)值outputvalue鼓勵giveincentiveto投入input宏觀控制exercisemacro-control優(yōu)化經(jīng)濟結構optimizetheeconomicstructure輸入活力bringvigorinto改善經(jīng)濟環(huán)境improveeconomicenvironment整頓經(jīng)濟秩序rectifyeconomicorder有效地控制通貨膨脹effectivelycontrolinflation非公有成分non-publicsectors主要成分dominantsector實在的tangible全體會議plenarysession解放生產(chǎn)力liberate/unshackle/releasetheproductiveforces引入歧途leadonetoablindalley舉措move實事求是seektruthfromfacts引進、輸入importation和平演變peacefulevolution試一下haveago(atsth.)精華、精粹、實質(zhì)quintessence家庭聯(lián)產(chǎn)責任承包制family-contractresponsibilitysystem搞活企業(yè)invigorateenterprises商品經(jīng)濟commodityeconomy基石cornerstone零售retail發(fā)電量electricenergyproduction有色金屬nonferrousmetals人均收入percapitaincome使負擔besaddledwith營業(yè)發(fā)達的公司goingconcerns被兼并或擠掉annexedorforcedoutofbusiness善于接受的receptive增額、增值、增長increment發(fā)展過快excessivegrowth抽樣調(diào)查datafromthesamplesurvey扣除物價上漲部分priceincreasearededucted(excluded)實際增長率actualgrowthrate國際收支internationalbalanceofpayments流通制度circulationsystem總工資totalwages分配形式FORMsofdistribution風險資金riskfunds管理不善poormanagement一個中心、兩個基本點onecentraltaskandtwobasicpoints各盡所能，按勞/需分配。fromeachaccordingtohisability,toeachaccordingtohiswork/needs.經(jīng)濟結構改革。reFORMineconomicstructure剩余勞動力。surpluslabor經(jīng)營機制operativemechanism發(fā)揮市場的調(diào)節(jié)作用togiveplaytotheregulatoryroleofthemarket經(jīng)濟和law的杠桿economicandlegalleverages經(jīng)濟計劃和市場調(diào)節(jié)相結合tocombineeconomicplanningwithmarketregulation計劃經(jīng)濟和市場調(diào)節(jié)相結合的機制amechanismthatcombinesplannedeconomyandmarketregulation取消國家對農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的統(tǒng)購統(tǒng)銷tocancelthestate'smonopolyonthepurchaseandmarketingofagriculturalproducts改革重點轉移到城市thefocusofreFORMisshiftedtothecities國家的根本任務是，集中力量進行社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設Thebasictaskofthenationistoconcentrateitseffortsonsocialistmodernization.逐步實現(xiàn)工業(yè)、農(nóng)業(yè)、國防和科學技術的現(xiàn)代化，把我國建設成為富強、民主、文明的社會主義國家。tomodernizethecountry'sindustry,agriculture,nationaldefenceandscienceandtechnologystepbysteptoturnChinaintoastrongandprosperoussocialistcountrywithahighlevelofcultureanddemocracy.社會主義經(jīng)濟制度的基礎是生產(chǎn)資料的社會主義公有制，即全民所有制和勞動群眾集體所有制。Thebasisofthesocialisteconomicsystemissocialistpublicownershipofthemeansofproduction,namely,ownershipbythewholepeopleandcollectiveownershipbytheworkingpeople.國有經(jīng)濟，即社會主義全民所有制經(jīng)濟，是國民經(jīng)濟中的主導力量。Thestateeconomyisthesectorofsocialisteconomyunderownershipbythewholepeople;itistheleadingforceinthenationaleconomy.國家保障國有經(jīng)濟的鞏固和發(fā)展。Thestateensurestheconsolidationandgrowthofthestateeconomy.農(nóng)業(yè)farming林業(yè)forestry畜牧業(yè)animalhusbandry副業(yè)sidelineproduction漁業(yè)fishing第一產(chǎn)業(yè)primaryindustry第二產(chǎn)業(yè)secondaryindustry第三產(chǎn)業(yè)tertiaryindustry生產(chǎn)資料meansofproduction生活資料meansoflivelihood/subsistence生產(chǎn)關系relationsofproduction生產(chǎn)力productiveforces公有制publicownership私有制privateownership全民所有制ownershipbytheentire/wholepeople社會主義集體所有制socialistcollectiveownership厲行節(jié)約，反對浪費topracticestricteconomyandcombatwaste外資企業(yè)foreign-fundedenterprise合資企業(yè)jointventure合作企業(yè)cooperativeenterprise獨資企業(yè)whollyforeignowned/fundedenterprise世界貿(mào)易組織WorldTradeOrganization中國人民銀行People'sBankofChina信息產(chǎn)業(yè)部MinistryofInFORMationIndustry國家發(fā)展計劃委員會StateDevelopmentPlanningCommission貸款無力償還loandefaults一、對外貿(mào)易與外貿(mào)關系ForeignTrade&ForeignTradeRelationship（一）TheymainlytradewithJapanesefirms.他們主要和日本商行進行貿(mào)易。Forthepastfiveyears,wehavedonealotoftradewithyourcompany.在過去的五年中，我們與貴國進行了大量的貿(mào)易。Ourtradeisconductedonthebasisofequality.我們是在平等的基礎上進行貿(mào)易。Therehasbeenaslowdowninthewooltradewithyou.和你們的羊毛貿(mào)易已有所減少。Ourforeigntradeiscontinuouslyexpanding.我們的對外貿(mào)易不斷發(fā)展。Tradeinleatherhasgoneup(down)3%.皮革貿(mào)易上升(下降)了百分之Tradeingeneralisimproving.貿(mào)易情況正在好轉。Ourcompanymainlytradesinartsandcrafts.我們公司主要經(jīng)營手工藝品。Theyarewell-knownintradecircles.他們在貿(mào)易界很有名望。Wetradewithpeopleinallcountriesonthebasisofequalityandmutualbenefit.我們在平等互利的基礎上和各國人民進行貿(mào)易。TorespectthelocalcustomofthebuyingcountryisoneimportantaspectofChina'sforeignpolicy.尊重買方國家的風俗習慣是我國貿(mào)易政策的一個重要方面。Ourpurposeistoexplorethepossibilitiesofdevelopingtradewithyou.我們的目的是和你們探討一下發(fā)展貿(mào)易的可能性。WordsandPhrasesforeigntrade對外貿(mào)易overseastrade海外貿(mào)易internationaltrade國際貿(mào)易totradewith和...進行貿(mào)易todobusinessinamoderateway做生意穩(wěn)重todobusinessinasincereway做生意誠懇tomakeadeal做一筆交易deal交易，經(jīng)營，處理，與...交往todealin經(jīng)營，做生意toexplorethepossibilitiesof探討...的可能性tradecircles貿(mào)易界tohandle經(jīng)營某商品totradein經(jīng)營某商品businessscope/frame經(jīng)營范圍tradingfirm/house貿(mào)易行，商行（二）Canwedoabartertrade?咱們能不能做一筆易貨貿(mào)易呢？Isitstilladirectbartertrade?這還算是一種直接的易貨貿(mào)易嗎？Ifyouagreetoourproposalofabartertrade,we'llgiveyoupaperinexchangeforyourtimber.如果你方同意我們進行易貨貿(mào)易的建議，我們將用紙與你們交換木材。Shallwesignatriangletradeagreement?我們訂一個三角貿(mào)易協(xié)議好嗎？Atriangletradecanbecarriedoutamongthethreeofus.我們?nèi)娇蛇M行三角貿(mào)易。Compensationtradeis,infact,akindofloan?補償貿(mào)易實際上是一種信貸。Wemayagreetodoprocessingtradewithyou.我們同意與你們進行來料加工貿(mào)易。Ifyou'reinterestedinleasingtrade,pleaseletusknow.如果你們有意做租賃貿(mào)易，請告訴我們。Wewonderwhetheryoudocountertrade.我們不知道你們是否做抵償貿(mào)易。WordsandPhrasestradebycommodities商品貿(mào)易visibletrade有形貿(mào)易invisibletrade無形貿(mào)易bartertrade易貨貿(mào)易bilateraltrade雙邊貿(mào)易triangletrade三角貿(mào)易multilateraltrade多邊貿(mào)易countertrade對銷貿(mào)易；抵償貿(mào)易counterpurchase互購貿(mào)易buy-back回購貿(mào)易compensationtrade補償貿(mào)易processingtrade來料加工貿(mào)易assemblingtrade來料裝配貿(mào)易leasingtrade租賃貿(mào)易inexchangefor用...交換...tradeagreement貿(mào)易協(xié)議（三）WewanttodevelopdirectcontactwithContinentalbuyersforourselves.我們想為自己的公司同歐洲大陸的買主建立起直接的聯(lián)系。WeseethatyourfirmspecializesinLightIndustrialGoods,andwearewillingtoestablishbusinessrelationshipwithyou.得知貴公司專門經(jīng)營輕工業(yè)品，我們愿意與貴公司建立業(yè)務關系。WeareoneofthelargestimportersofElectricGoodsinthiscity,andwewishtoestablishbusinessrelationshipwithyou.我們是此地最大的電器進口商之一，愿意與你們建立業(yè)務關系。Wearewillingtoenterintobusinessrelationshipwithyourcompanyonthebasisofequalityandmutualbenefit.我們愿在平等互利的基礎上與貴公司建立業(yè)務關系。Ourtwocountrieshavehadtraderelationsfortenyears.我們兩國之間已經(jīng)有了10年的貿(mào)易關系。We'veneverhadanydifficultieswithourChinesepartners,andwe'dliketomakeasmanynewcontactsaswecan.和中國同行共事從來沒有什么困難，希望今后我們之間盡可能多地建立新的關系。WehavemadeaverygoodstartinourbusinesswithJapan.我們和日本在業(yè)務上有了良好的開端。OurcompanyisthinkingofexpandingitsbusinessrelationshipwithChina.我公司想擴大與中國的貿(mào)易關系。Asisknown,wesetgreatstorebythetraderelationshipwiththethirdworldcountries.眾所周知，我們十分重視同第三世界國家的貿(mào)易關系。Welookforwardtoreactivatingourbusinessrelationship.我們盼望我們的業(yè)務關系重新活躍起來。Weshallwelcomeachancetorenewourfriendlyrelationship.很高興能有機會來恢復我們的友好關系。We'lltryourbesttowidenourbusinessrelationshipwithyou.我們將盡力擴大同你們的貿(mào)易關系。We'rewritingyouinordertoestablishbusinessrelationship.我們寫此信是為了與你方建立業(yè)務關系。Thearrangementwillcontributetocementourpleasantrelationship.此項安排將有助于鞏固我們良好的關系。We'rewillingtorestoreourbusinessrelationship.我們希望能恢復貿(mào)易關系。Itwillbeadvantageousifstepsaretakentoresumeourbusinessrelationshiponthebasisofmutualbenefit.如果我們采取措施在互利的基礎上恢復業(yè)務關系，對我們都是有利的。Thedepressedmarketresultsinthestagnationoftrade.市場蕭條導致貿(mào)易停滯。Wehavebeendoingquitewellinourbusiness,wearewillingtoopenanaccountwithyou.我們的生意一直做得不錯，希望能與你們建立帳戶往來關系。WordsandPhrasesbusinessassociation業(yè)務聯(lián)系，交往businessconnection業(yè)務聯(lián)系closerelationship密切的關系closerties更密切的關系toestablish(enterinto,setup)businessrelationship建立業(yè)務關系tocontinuebusinessrelationship繼續(xù)業(yè)務關系topresentbusinessrelationship保持業(yè)務關系toimprovebusinessrelationship改善業(yè)務關系topromotebusinessrelationship促進業(yè)務關系tospeedupbusinessrelationship加快業(yè)務關系的發(fā)展toenlarge(widen)businessrelationship擴大業(yè)務關系torestore(resume)businessrelationship恢復業(yè)務關系tointerruptbusinessrelationship中斷業(yè)務關系tocementbusinessrelationship鞏固業(yè)務關系（四）Whencouldyouintroducemetoyoursistercompany?什么時候把貴公司的兄弟公司介紹給我們？WouldyoupleaseintroduceustosomeofthemostreliableexportersofChinesehandicrafts?請向我們推薦一些最可靠的中國手工藝品出口商，可以嗎？Ifyouareinterestedindealing,withusinotherproductsofourcompany,pleaseinformusofyourrequirementsaswellasyourbanker'snameandaddress.如果你們有意經(jīng)營我公司其他產(chǎn)品，請告知你方要求及往來銀行的名稱和地址。BecauseoftherapiddevelopmentofourbusinessinAsia,wethinkit'snecessarytoopenabranchatthefollowingaddress.鑒于我們在亞洲地區(qū)業(yè)務的迅速發(fā)展，有必要在下列地點設立分公司。We'veoftenexpressedourinterestininvestinginChina.我們一直對在中國投資很感興趣。Ourabundantresourcesandstablepolicyprovideforeignerswiththeadvantagestheyinvesthere.我們豐富的資源和穩(wěn)定的政策為外商投資提供了有利條件。Thankyouforyourmannerofbusinesscooperation.我們對你們的合作態(tài)度非常滿意。WehavebeenworkingonexpandingourscopeofcooperationwithChina.我們一直努力設法擴大與中國的合作范圍。Webelieveinlong-termcooperationwithChinabecauseweviewthefutureasbright.我們相信與中國長期合作的前途是光明的。WordsandPhrasestradeprospects/outlook貿(mào)易前景tradecooperation貿(mào)易合作technologicalcooperation技術合作businesscooperation業(yè)務合作cooperativerelationship合作關系thescopeofcooperation合作范圍AdditionalWordsandPhrasestradefair貿(mào)易展銷會tradeshow貿(mào)易展覽tradeagreement貿(mào)易協(xié)議toestablisharrangement達成協(xié)議toreachanagreement達成協(xié)議tradeterms/clause貿(mào)易條款tradebalance貿(mào)易平衡toconcludeabusinesstransaction達成貿(mào)易交易toworkwith與...共事businessactivities經(jīng)濟活動businesshouse商行；商號tradingdepartment/mechanics貿(mào)易機構tradeassociation貿(mào)易協(xié)會theforeigntradedepartment對外貿(mào)易部門C.C.P.I.T.(ChinaCouncilforthePromotionofInternationalTrade)中國國際貿(mào)易促進會CommercialCounselor'sOffice中國使館的商務處ChamberofCommerce商會tradingpartnership經(jīng)營合伙人foreigntradepersonnel外貿(mào)工作者tradingcenter貿(mào)易中心tradingmarket貿(mào)易市場tradesman/tradepeoples商人，零售商國際貿(mào)易出口信貸exportcredit出口津貼exportsubsidy商品傾銷dumping外匯傾銷exchangedumping優(yōu)惠關稅specialpreferences保稅倉庫bondedwarehouse貿(mào)易順差favorablebalanceoftrade貿(mào)易逆差unfavorablebalanceoftrade進口配額制importquotas自由貿(mào)易區(qū)freetradezone對外貿(mào)易值valueofforeigntrade國際貿(mào)易值valueofinternationaltrade普遍優(yōu)惠制generalizedsystemofpreferences-GSP最惠國待遇most-favorednationtreatment-MFNT價格條件價格術語tradeterm(priceterm)運費freight單價price碼頭費wharfage總值totalvalue卸貨費landingcharges金額amount關稅customsduty凈價netprice印花稅stampduty含傭價priceincludingcommission港口稅portdues回傭returncommission裝運港portofshipment折扣discount,allowance卸貨港portofdischarge批發(fā)價wholesaleprice目的港portofdestination零售價retailprice進口許可證importlicence現(xiàn)貨價格spotprice出口許口證exportlicence期貨價格forwardprice現(xiàn)行價格（時價）currentpriceprevailingprice國際市場價格world（International）Marketprice離岸價（船上交貨價）FOB-freeonboard成本加運費價（離岸加運費價）C&F-costandfreight到岸價（成本加運費、保險費價）CIF-cost,insuranceandfreight交貨條件交貨delivery輪船steamship（縮寫S.S）裝運、裝船shipment租船charter（thecharteredshep）交貨時間timeofdelivery定程租船voyagecharter;裝運期限timeofshipment定期租船timecharter托運人（一般指出口商）shipper,consignor收貨人consignee班輪regularshippingliner駁船lighter艙位shippingspace油輪tanker報關clearanceofgoods陸運收據(jù)cargoreceipt提貨totakedeliveryofgoods空運提單airwaybill正本提單originalB\L選擇港（任意港）optionalport選港費optionalcharges選港費由買方負擔optionalchargestobebornebytheBuyers或optionalchargesforBuyersaccount一月份裝船shipmentduringJanuary或Januaryshipment一月底裝船shipmentnotlaterthanJan.31st.或shipmentonorbeforeJan.31st.一/二月份裝船shipmentduringJan./Feb.或Jan./Feb.shipment在（時間）分兩批裝船shipmentduringintwolots在（時間）平均分兩批裝船shipmentduringintwoequallots分三個月裝運inthreemonthlyshipments分三個月，每月平均裝運inthreeequalmonthlyshipments立即裝運immediateshipments即期裝運promptshipments收到信用證后30天內(nèi)裝運shipmentswithin30daysafterreceiptofL/C允許分批裝船partialshipmentnotallowedpartialshipmentnotpermittedpartialshipmentnotunacceptable交易磋商、合同簽訂合同簽訂contract訂單indent訂貨；訂購book;booking電復cablereply實盤firmoffer遞盤bid;bidding遞實盤bidfirm還盤counteroffer發(fā)盤（發(fā)價）offer發(fā)實盤offerfirm詢盤（詢價）inquiry;enquiry

指示性價格priceindication速復replyimmediately參考價referenceprice習慣做法usualpractice交易磋商businessnegotiation不受約束withoutengagement業(yè)務洽談businessdiscussion限**復到限**復subjecttoreply**subjecttoreplyreaching限**復到有效期限timeofvalidity有效至**:validtill**購貨合同purchasecontract銷售合同salescontract購貨確認書purchaseconfirmation銷售確認書salesconfirmation一般交易條件generaltermsandconditions以未售出為準subjecttopriorsale需經(jīng)賣方確認subjecttoseller'sconfirmation需經(jīng)我方最后確認subjecttoourfinalconfirmation貿(mào)易方式tradingformsINT（拍賣auction）寄售consignment招標invitationoftender投標submissionoftender一般代理人agent總代理人generalagent代理協(xié)議agencyagreement累計傭金accumulativecommission補償貿(mào)易compensationtrade（或抵償貿(mào)易）compensating/compensatorytrade（又叫：往返貿(mào)易）countertrade來料加工processingongivingmaterials來料裝配assemblingonprovidedparts獨家經(jīng)營/專營權exclusiveright獨家經(jīng)營/包銷/代理協(xié)議exclusivityagreement獨家代理soleagency;soleagent;exclusiveagency;exclusiveagent品質(zhì)quality原樣originalsample規(guī)格specifications復樣duplicatesample說明descripttion對等樣品countersample標準standardtype參考樣品referencesample商品目錄catalogue封樣sealedsample宣傳小冊pamphlet公差tolerance貨號articleNo.花色（搭配）assortment樣品sample5%增減5%plusorminus代表性樣品representativesample大路貨（良好平均品質(zhì)）fairaveragequality商檢仲裁commodityinspectionarbitration索賠claim爭議disputes罰金條款penalty不可抗力forceMajeure仲裁庭arbitraltribunal產(chǎn)地證明書certificateoforigin品質(zhì)檢驗證書inspectioncertificateofquanlity重量檢驗證書inspectioncertificateofweight(quantity)**商品檢驗局**commodityinspectionbureau(*.C.I.B)品質(zhì)、重量檢驗證書inspectioncertificate數(shù)量quatity個數(shù)number凈重netweight容積capacity毛作凈grossfornet體積volume皮重tare毛重grossweight溢短裝條款moreorlessclauseByoverallbeltstopreventpossibledamagefromjoltinganddampnessandroughhandlingintransit.外貿(mào)常用英文詞匯縮寫及解釋FREQUENTLYUSED簡稱中文英文全稱解釋A/W全水路AllWaterA?ANER亞洲AsiaNorthAmerica

北美EastboundRate東行運費協(xié)定B/L海運提單BillofLadingB/R買價BuyingRateBAF燃油附加費BunkerAdjustmentFactorC&F成本加海運費COSTANDFREIGHTC.C運費Collect到付A?c?c.s.c貨柜服務費ContainerServ