dd2 f2 210.63431.06819.5662Kmol/h2精儲(chǔ)塔的工藝計(jì)算精儲(chǔ)塔的物料衡算基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)（一）生產(chǎn)能力：10萬(wàn)噸/年，工作日330天，每天按24小時(shí)計(jì)時(shí)。（二）進(jìn)料組成：乙苯h;苯Kmol/h;甲苯h。（三）分離要求：儲(chǔ)出液中乙苯量不大于，釜液中甲苯量不大于。物料衡算（清晰分割）以甲苯為輕關(guān)鍵組分，乙苯為重關(guān)鍵組分，苯為非輕關(guān)鍵組分。Xhk,D0.01 Xlk,W0.005編號(hào)組分fi/kmol/hfi/%1苯2甲苯3乙苯總計(jì)100表 進(jìn)料和各組分條件由《分離工程》P65式3-23得:LKZ Xlk,wFLJ 1 xHK,D xLK,W（式2.1）0.0156250.046875D226.8659 10.010.0050.005- 13.2434Kmol/hW=F-D=2WX2W213.62250.0051.0681Kmol/hd3 DX3,d13.24340.010.132434Kmol/h3f3d3212.68680.132434212.5544Kmol/h表2-2物料衡算表編號(hào) 組分 fi/kmol/h 儲(chǔ)出液di 釜液i0甲苯乙苯總計(jì)精儲(chǔ)塔工藝計(jì)算操作條件的確定一、塔頂溫度純物質(zhì)飽和蒸氣壓關(guān)聯(lián)式(化工熱力學(xué) P199):ln(PS/PC)(1x)1(AxBx1.5Cx3Dx6)x1T/TC組份相對(duì)分子質(zhì)量臨界溫度Tc臨界壓力P：苯78甲苯92乙苯106物性參數(shù)表2-3注：壓力單位，溫度單位K名稱(chēng)甲苯表2-3飽和蒸

汽壓關(guān)聯(lián)式

數(shù)據(jù)乙苯以苯為例，x1T/Tc1318.15/562.20.434In(PSP)(10.434)1TOC\o"1-5"\h\z(6.982730.4341.332130.4341.52.628630.43433.333990.4346) 5.1S 0Pexp(5.1)48.90.29740.1MPa Pa同理，可得P00.09850.1MPa露點(diǎn)方程：n^工，試差法求塔頂溫度i1Pi P表2-4 試差法結(jié)果統(tǒng)計(jì)t100106Pa0Pb0Pc0等式左邊「等式右邊故塔頂溫度=c、塔頂壓力塔頂壓力P頂1.0130.1Mpa、塔底溫度泡點(diǎn)方程： P0Xip 試差法求塔底溫度i1t100110130135136Pb0Pc0等式左邊等式右邊故塔底溫度=136C四、塔底壓力塔底壓力P底1.0130.1Mpa五、進(jìn)料溫度進(jìn)料壓力為p進(jìn)1.0130.1Mpa,n泡點(diǎn)方程： P0Xi pi1試差法求進(jìn)料溫度t100110130132133Pa0Pb0Pc0等式左邊等式右邊故進(jìn)料溫度=133C六、相對(duì)揮發(fā)度的計(jì)算據(jù)化學(xué)化工物性數(shù)據(jù)手冊(cè)，用內(nèi)插法求得各個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)t頂105.5C,苯5.961甲苯2.514乙苯1；

t底136C,甲苯t底136C,甲苯1.96乙苯1；t進(jìn)133C,苯4.38甲苯1.97乙苯1綜上，各個(gè)組份揮發(fā)度見(jiàn)下表組份 進(jìn)料溫度133 塔頂溫度 塔底溫度136平均相對(duì)揮發(fā)度苯甲苯乙苯 1111據(jù)清晰分割結(jié)果，計(jì)算最少平衡級(jí)數(shù)。lg((―(迎)w) lg學(xué)212-5544)Nmin 」HK—xLK L0681 0.1324 6.26lgLKHK lg2.148塔板數(shù)的確定一'、最小回流比Rmin本設(shè)計(jì)為泡點(diǎn)進(jìn)料，即飽和液體進(jìn)料，q=1由恩特伍德公式:i(x由恩特伍德公式:i(xi,D)mRmin *1iXi出5.17050.0156252.1480.04687510.93750i 5.1705 2.148 1試差法求得則最小回流比RRmin2.1480.722310.01113042.1482.3 12.3二、實(shí)際回流比根據(jù)混合物分離的難易程度，取實(shí)際回流比為最小回流比的倍則R=Rmin=X=

、全塔理論板數(shù)的確定RRmin 1.5651.3041.5651 -min- 1.5651查《化工原理》下P33圖1-28吉利蘭圖得NNminNNmin0.52將N將Nmin6.26代入，求得N=四、進(jìn)料板的計(jì)算(NR)mlgHK(NR)mlgHKlgLKHK9.5(Ns(Ns)mlg(—)LK (—)HK 3lgLKHK因?yàn)镹S NR 因?yàn)镹S NR NSR15.2,(NR)m(NS)mNrNS(Nr/N(Nr/NR (NS)m NR1(NR)m(NS)m9.53 15.211.12123NSNNR15.211.124.08S R所以，第5層理論板是加料版3 精微塔主要尺寸的設(shè)計(jì)塔徑的計(jì)算填料精儲(chǔ)塔有關(guān)參數(shù)操作回流比：R=2理論板數(shù)：Nt=16進(jìn)料板序號(hào)：Nf=5塔頂溫度：tD=C

塔釜溫度：tw=136C塔頂有關(guān)參數(shù)計(jì)算［4由化工物性手冊(cè)查得:3苯由化工物性手冊(cè)查得:3苯885kg/m3甲苯866kg/m乙苯867kg/m3氣體平均摩爾質(zhì)量：Mv

0.268780.72292

0.0110688.39g/mol氣體密度:液體密度:VsPMvRTd__ _51.01310588.398.3140.26888539.7388.3936002.85一3一 一一103105.5273一一 32.85kg/m30.7228660.01867871.102kg/m30.342m3/sRD213.2434

26.4868kmol/h進(jìn)料板有關(guān)參數(shù)計(jì)算, 3VsVs0.342m/s氣相組成：m2.942.940.0050.014ax1 2.9410.0052.940.0050.014ax1 2.9410.005氣體平均摩爾質(zhì)量:Mv0.014920.986106105.8g/mol氣體密度:PMv

RTMv0.014920.986106105.8g/mol氣體密度:PMv

RTd51.01310105.838.31410 133273.153.71kg/m3L0.2687550.7227637710.01761kg/m3精儲(chǔ)段塔徑計(jì)算液相質(zhì)量流量為:26.486887.332313kg/h氣相質(zhì)量流量為:39.788.393511.75kg/h流動(dòng)參數(shù)為:0.5LV0.52313 2.85 0.03773511.75871.102由于填料選擇的是金屬孔板波紋填料350Y;查埃克特通用關(guān)聯(lián)圖得:2umsxV0.262mPas2.85871.1020.0033代入上式中得:0.20.2622umax即：umax3.3m/s由于Umax0.8L0.20.7958.3 … 1.10871.1022571.100.0033079.8即：u0.8umax0.83.32.64m/s由公式D4Vsu40.342 0.51m3.142.64圓整后為提溜段塔徑計(jì)算液相質(zhì)量流量為:253.3567.4817096kg/h氣相質(zhì)量流量為:39.7105.84200kg/h0.5流動(dòng)參數(shù)為:0.5170963.71 2a 0.284200761同上，查圖得:' 2umax0.4由于257水8637700.207mPas1.12v3.71—— 0.00488761代入上式中得:u代入上式中得:umax2571.120.004880.0002070.2… 0.49.8即:umax3.1m/s則:0.83.12.48m/s40.3420.53m3.142.48D=600mm740.344.58mD=600mm740.344.58m3/m2h比較精儲(chǔ)段與提溜段計(jì)算結(jié)果，二者基本相同。圓整塔徑，取液體噴淋密度及空塔氣速核算精儲(chǔ)段液體噴淋密度為2331.6…0.33.14——精微段空塔氣速為:3511.752.853511.752.851.22m/s0.636003.14—提溜段液體噴淋密度為:1709642003.14061709642003.140633.3m3/m2提溜段空塔氣速為:42003.7136003.140.61.11m/s查規(guī)整填料性能參數(shù)知0.08m3/(m2h)(min) LW(min)。加

35028m3/(m2h)經(jīng)核算，選用塔徑600mm符合要求。填料層高度計(jì)算填料層高度計(jì)算采用理論板當(dāng)量高度法。對(duì)350尚屬孔板波紋填料，由附錄查每米填料理論板數(shù)為? 4塊,1 1取：nt=3.5貝U:HETP=一=——=0.29m， nt3.5由：ZNTHETP精儲(chǔ)段填料層高度為：Z精50.291.45m提溜段填料層高度為：Z提120.293.48m根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)