WorkingthelandUnit2ptrsentedby:Casey1What'sthe“verb-ing”form?2Judgetheelement3Usagesandattentions4PracticeTargetLeading3'v.-ing意義動(dòng)名詞現(xiàn)在分詞強(qiáng)調(diào)名詞含義，擁有名詞性質(zhì)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞-ing形式

主動(dòng)形式否定形式意義一般式doingnotdoing表示v.-ing的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生完成式havingdonenothavingdone表示v.-ing的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生一般式beingdonenotbeingdone表示v.-ing的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生且與句子主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系完成式havingbeendonenothavingbeendone表示v.-ing的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生且與句子主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系Thinking10'Discussion7'Show8'9.Oneofhisweaknessesistellinglies.5.I’mlookingforwardtoseeingyouagain.3.WouldyoumindMary’sclosingthewindow?1.以上各句中v.img或其短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)的是___________。2.1句和2句中的it作_________。3.以上各句中v.img或其短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)的是_______，作動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)的是_____，作介詞（短語(yǔ)）賓語(yǔ)的是_____。4.v.-ing形式作表語(yǔ)的句子為_____________。ShowTime

10’2.It'snogoodwaitingforotherstohelpyou.1.Itisawasteoftimetryingtopersuadehimtogiveupsmoking.4.Swimmingisoneofthebestall-roundexercises.1.2.4形式主語(yǔ)3.535911.Chinaisadevelopingcountry.10.Theboyplayingfootballontheplaygroundismyyoungerbrother.5.v.-ing形式作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的句子為______________6.v.-ing形式作定語(yǔ)的句子為_____________。7.10句和11句，單個(gè)v.-ing作定語(yǔ)時(shí)應(yīng)放在它所修飾的名詞_________(之前/之后)，v.-ing短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí)要放在它所修飾的名詞__________(之前/之后)。ShowTime

10’8.Don’tkeepthewaterrunning.7.Ifinditsurprisingthatsheshouldtreathismotherlikethat.6.Icouldn’tdomyhomeworkwiththenoisegoingon.6.7.810.11之前之后14.Shestoodtherewaitingforthebus.13.Beingill,shestillcametoclass.16.Havingstruggledformonths,hefinallyfoundagoodjob.15.Hearingthenews,theyalljumpedwithjoy.8.v.-ing形式作狀語(yǔ)的句子為______________，動(dòng)作的邏輯主語(yǔ)都是句子的______。作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的句子為_____，作原因狀語(yǔ)的句子為_____，作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)的句子為_____，作條件狀語(yǔ)的句子為_____，作讓步狀語(yǔ)的句子為_____，作伴隨狀語(yǔ)的句子為_____。9.比較15句和16句：句15中v.-ing短語(yǔ)為___________，表示動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生；句16中v.-ing短語(yǔ)為______________，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前。ShowTime

10’12.Beingill,shewenttobedearly.17.Thinkingitcarefully,youwillnottakethejob.Havingstruggledformonths181417Hearingthenews18.Hisparentsdiedinthewater,leavinghimanorphan.12-18主語(yǔ)1215.1613Remark8'主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)經(jīng)常性，習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作it作形式主語(yǔ)Thereisno...作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)作介詞的賓語(yǔ)表示主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)和特征，不可與主語(yǔ)互換表示抽象行為，說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)內(nèi)容，主語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)可互換單個(gè)：表示名詞屬性，作用，用途；修飾人或物的動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)短語(yǔ)：作后置定語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)表示“致使”含義with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中v.-ing表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間、原因、條件、結(jié)果、方式、讓步或伴隨狀況，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句。時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)獨(dú)立主格00v.-ing成分主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)v.-ing狀語(yǔ)it作形式主語(yǔ)1.動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語(yǔ)，通常位于句_____,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用________數(shù)形式。1.Gettingupearly______(be)agoodhabit.2.Readingaloud_____(be)agoodwayinlearninglanguage.isis首單主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)v.-ing狀語(yǔ)it作形式主語(yǔ)2.it作形式主語(yǔ)，形容詞或名詞等作表語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)在句末。此類用法的名詞及其短語(yǔ)有：nouse,nogood,awasteoftime,worthwhile,useless等。做某事沒有用/沒好處/浪費(fèi)時(shí)間/值得的/沒用的eg:1.It'snogoodwaitingforotherstomakedecisionsforyou.2.It'sawasteoftimegrowingwheatonsuchaland.主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)v.-ing狀語(yǔ)Thereisno...3.在thereisno...結(jié)構(gòu)中，通常用v.-ing形式。如：Thereisnopoint/sense/pleasuredoingsth.做某事沒有意義/意義/樂趣eg:1.Therewasnosensequarrellingwithheraboutit.賓補(bǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)v.-ing狀語(yǔ)作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)避免錯(cuò)過(guò)少延期（avoid,miss,postpone）建議完成多練習(xí)（advise,finish,practice）喜歡想象禁不?。╡njoy,imagine,can’thelp）承認(rèn)否定與嫉妒（admit,deny,envy）逃避冒險(xiǎn)莫原諒（escape,risk,excuse）忍受保持不介意（stand,keep,mind）try/remember/forget/regret/goon/stop/mean/beusedto/can'thelp等hate/like/prefer/begin/start/continue/intend等need/want/require/deservedoing=need/want/require/deservetobedone主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)Whatdoyouintenddoing/todonext?Iregrettellingherthetruth.-Iregrettotellherthetruth.Thissmallroomneedspainting/tobepainted.主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)v.-ing狀語(yǔ)作介詞的賓語(yǔ)waste/spend+time/money+(in)doingsth.havetrouble/diffficulty/ahardtime(in)doingsth.prevent/stopsb.(from)doingsth.bebusy(in)doingsth.eg:1.Ihavesomedifficulty(in)gettingalongwithmyjob.to為介詞的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)有哪些？addto,lookforwardto,leadto,payattentionto,stickto,devoteoneselfto,objectto,getdownto,get/beusedto+doingallow,advise,forbid,permit+doingallow,advise,forbid,permit+sb.+todo

eg.Wedon’tallowsmokinghere.Wedon’tallowstudentstosmoke.

forbade---forbidden---forbiddingpermitted----permitted----permittingv.-ing形式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)v.-ing狀語(yǔ)（1）形容詞性物主代詞+v.-ing（2）名詞’s+v.-ing（3）代詞賓格+v.-ing（4）名詞+v.-ing當(dāng)此結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用（1）（2）；作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，可用（1）（2）（3）（4）。eg.1.Mary'sbeinglateforclassmadeherteacherangry.2.Canyouimaginehim/his/Mary/Mary’scookingathome?主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)v.-ing狀語(yǔ)表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)see,hear,feel,smell,watch,find,listento,lookat,notice,observe等eg.1.Isawaboygettingonthebus.2.Isawaboygetonthebus.在這里，get和getting表達(dá)的含義不同：getting強(qiáng)調(diào)正在做某事，get強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程。1.感官動(dòng)詞接不帶to的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的整個(gè)過(guò)程或動(dòng)作經(jīng)常發(fā)生。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，to要還原。

2.感官動(dòng)詞接現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。3.感官動(dòng)詞接過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，強(qiáng)調(diào)被動(dòng)狀態(tài)。1）Isawhimpunished.2）Ifeltmyhandbitten.主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)v.-ing狀語(yǔ)表示“致使”含義have,set,keep,leave,get+sb./sth.+doingsth.eg.1.Iwon'thaveyourunningaboutintheroom.2.Don'tkeepthewaterrunning.“讓/使...一直做某事”主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)v.-ing狀語(yǔ)with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作賓補(bǔ)with+n./代+doing的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中，n./代與doing之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系。eg.1.Withsomanypeoplelookingather,shefeltnervous.主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)v.-ing狀語(yǔ)表示感情或情緒的動(dòng)詞moving,interesting,encouraging,exciting,inspiring,boring,surprising,puzzling,amusing,astonishing等。eg.1.Whathesaidismoving.主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)v.-ing狀語(yǔ)單個(gè)v.-ing和v.-ing短語(yǔ)單個(gè)v.-ing1.表示屬性，用途和作用2.表示人或物的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)(表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作或當(dāng)時(shí)的狀態(tài))v.-ing短語(yǔ)，作后置定語(yǔ)eg.1.Thereisaswimmingpoolinourschool.2.Chinaisadevelopingcountry.=Chinaisacountrythatisdeveloping.3.Doyouknowtheboyplayingbasketball?=Doyouknowtheboywhoisplayingbasketball?4.Theylivedinahousefacingsouth.主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)v.-ing狀語(yǔ)v.-ing的完成式一般用來(lái)作狀語(yǔ)，不作定語(yǔ)注意：1.Thetemplehavingbeendestroyedbytheearthquakewillberebuiltsoon.2.Thetemplewhichhasbeendestroyedbytheearthquakewillberebuiltsoon.×√現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞和不定式作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別？1.Youshouldadapttothechangingsituation.2.Thegroundiscoveredwithfallenleaves.3.I'mlookingforaroomtolivein.現(xiàn)分表正在進(jìn)行或習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作過(guò)分表被動(dòng)或完成意義不定式表示動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)v.-ing狀語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間、原因、條件、結(jié)果、方式、讓步或伴隨狀況，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句。eg.1.Walkinginthepark,shesawanoldfriend.=When/While(shewas)walkinginthepark,shesawanoldfriend.狀語(yǔ)從句的省略：狀語(yǔ)從句同時(shí)具備下列兩個(gè)條件:①主句和從句的主語(yǔ)一致，或從句主語(yǔ)為it；②從句主要?jiǎng)釉~是be的某種形式。從句中的主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞?？墒÷?。As__________(walk)alongtheriverbank,shewassingingapopsong.她沿著河堤邊走邊唱著流行歌曲。Although___________(do)hisbestinmathsthesedays,hehasstillgotnogoodmarks.盡管近來(lái)他一直在學(xué)數(shù)學(xué),但他仍然沒有取得好成績(jī)。連詞+現(xiàn)在分詞walkingdoing主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)v.-ing狀語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)eg.1.Havingbeentoldmanytimes,hestilldidn'tlearntheserulesbyheart.2.Hearingthenews,theyalljumpdwithjoy.

主動(dòng)形式否定形式意義一般式doingnotdoing表示v.-ing的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生完成式havingdonenothavingdone表示v.-ing的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生一般式beingdonenotbeingdone表示v.-ing的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生且與句子主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系完成式havingbeendonenothavingbeendone表示v.-ing的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)所表示的動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生且與句子主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)v.-ing狀語(yǔ)獨(dú)立主格eg.1.Weatherbeingfine,Iwillgoshopping.2.Maryreturning,theypickedoutsomelettersinthestonetogether.現(xiàn)在分詞（短語(yǔ)）的邏輯主語(yǔ)與句子的主語(yǔ)不一致。需要在現(xiàn)在分詞前面加一個(gè)邏輯主語(yǔ)（一般由名詞或代詞充當(dāng)），它是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，表示主動(dòng)含義。Checking5'1._______(say）isonething,and______(do)isanother.2.Itisawasteoftime________(discuss)suchmatterswithhim.3.Itisnogood________(learn)withoutpractice.4.Hesuggested_______(take)mydaughtertothezoothenextSunday.5.Wedon’tallow________(smoke)intheclassroom.6.Whenitcomesto_________(speak)inpublic,noonecanmatchhim.Checking5‘Sayingdoingdiscussinglearningtakingsmokingspeaking7.

Thebighallneeds___________________(clean).8.Missingthetrainmeans________(wait)foranotherhour.9.Havingfinishedtheexercises,wewenton_________(learn)thenewwordsinthenextunit.10.Doyoumind________(I)cominglateforthefilm?11.Hewaspunishedfor_______________(do)hishomework.12.Thepoliticianisgoodatlecturesandheisvery__________(inspire).Checking5‘me/mynothavingdoneinspiringcleaning/tobecleanedwaitingtolearn13.Herjobis________(keep)thelecturehallascleanaspossible.14.Thelecturey