高考英語專題詞匯與閱讀訓(xùn)練（DAY9）一：專題詞匯英譯中1.badmintonn．2.endurancen.3.techniquen.4.calorien.5.diagnosevt.&vi.6.dizzyadj.7.musclen.8.desperateadj.9.allergicadj.10.energizevt.二：專題詞匯中譯英1.vt.&vi.慢跑2.n.生活方式3.vt.&vi.訓(xùn)練4.vt.&vi.(使)精神振作；(使)精力恢復(fù)5.n.力量；長處vt.加強6.n.氣息；呼吸vi.呼吸adj.氣喘吁吁的7.adj.必需的；必要的adv.必然地；必要地8.vt.損害；傷害n.傷害；受傷處9.adj.輕微的；溫和的；溫柔的adj.輕微地溫和地10.v&n.鍛煉；練習(xí)三：專題短語過關(guān)1.運動會2.加入排球隊3.加入/在校隊4.勢均力敵的比賽5.對……有益6.打破紀(jì)錄7.創(chuàng)造新的世界紀(jì)錄8.紀(jì)錄保持者9.進(jìn)行鍛煉10.解決；鍛煉11.成為國家的驕傲12.有助于13.與……合作14.全力以赴15.狀態(tài)好16.大獲成功17.體育鍛煉18.身體發(fā)育19.代表20.報名；與…簽訂合同四：閱讀專項訓(xùn)練A

Whatdoyouusuallydowhenaflyinginsectlandsonyourarm?Mostlikelyyoublowitaway.Butwhatifthatbugwerealadybug(瓢蟲)?Thenchancesareyouwouldletitstay.Whatisitaboutladybugsthatwelike?Farmersoncethoughtladybugswereagoodlucksign.Aladybuginthefieldmeantthatthecropswouldbesuccessfulandtheweatherwouldbegood.Thefarmersmayhavebeenexaggerating(夸大)aboutwhataverysmallbugcando,butinfactladybugsdohelpoutwiththecrops.Theyeatharmfulinsects.Actually,itisnottheadultladybugthateatstheotherinsects.It’stheladybuglarvae(幼蟲).Ladybugslaytheireggsonleavesthatarecoveredwithaphidsorotherinsects.Whenthelarvaecomeoutoftheeggs,theyareveryhungryandwilleatmites,aphids,mealybugs,greenflies,andothercrop-destroyers.Asingleladybuglarvacaneatover1,000aphidsinoneday.Inthe1800s,ladybugswerebroughtallthewayfromAustraliatoCaliforniaandsetfreeamongorangetreesthatweredyingfrombeingeatenbyinsects.Thelittleredandblack“eatingmachines”completelysavedallthetrees.Ladybugsgoabouttheirdailybusinesswithoutworryingmuchaboutanything.Veryfewbirdsorinsectswilleataladybugbecauseitgivesoffsomethingthatisdangeroustoeat.Ladybugsalsoprotectthemselvesbyplayingdead.Theyfalloffleavesandremainverystilluntiltheirenemygoesaway.Sonexttimeyouseealadybug,thinkaboutwhatitmaybeupto.Maybeitisofftosaveanorangetree.Maybeitsnextmovewillbetofalloffaleafandplaydeadorstanduptoabirdabout100timesitssize.Maybeit’slettingyouknowthattheweatherwillbegoodtomorrow.Whoknows?Ladybugsarespecialthatway.

1.Whatdoweknowaboutmitesandaphids?A.Theydoharmtothecrops.B.Theyeatmorethantheyshould.C.Theyarefoodforadultladybugs.D.Theyaretheenemyofladybuglarvae.2.WhywereladybugsbroughtfromAustraliatoCaliforniainthe1800s?A.Tosaveorangetrees.B.Todoresearchonthem.C.Toincreasetheirnumber.D.Toreporttheweatherforfarmers.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“standupto”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Playwith.B.Worryabout.C.Getalongwith.D.Fightbackagainst.BThePharos,thegreatlighthouseofAlexandria,wasoneoftheSevenWondersoftheAncientWorld.ItstoodontheislandofPharos,intheharborofthecityofAlexandria.In290B.C,PtolemyISoter,therulerofEgypt,orderedthebuildingofthelighthouse.Twentyyearslater,itwasfinished—thefirstlighthouseintheworldandthetallestbuildingonEarth,besidestheGreatPyramidofEgypt.ThePharoswasdesignedbySostrates,aGreekarchitect.Sostrateswantedtoleavehisnameonthebaseofthelighthouse.ButPtolemyrefused,orderingthatonlyhisownnameappearonthebuilding.ButSostratesfoundawaytodothat.AtthebaseofthePharos,Sostratesleftamessagecontaininghisownname.Thenhecovereditwithplaster(建筑石膏)andleftPtolemy’snameoverit.Aftermanyyears,theplasterdisappearedandpeopleknewthetruearchitectofthelighthouse.In1302and1323,twostrongearthquakeshitAlexandria,damagingthelighthouse.In1326,itfinallyfellintothesea.MuchofwhatweknowaboutthelighthousecomesfromthewritingsofArabswhooncevisitedthePharos.ThePharoswasabout384feettall,thesameheightasamodern40-storybuilding.AtthetopofthelighthousestoodalargestatueofPoseidon,theGreekgodofthesea.Underitwasabeacon,thesourceoflightforthelighthouse.ThePharosusedtwokindsofbeacons.Atnight,alargefirecreatedthelight.Duringtheday,ahugemirrormadeuseofthesunlighttocreatethelight.Itwassaidthatthemirrorwasalsousedtosetenemyshipsonfireastheyenteredtheharborbydirectingthesun’srays(sunlight)atthem.Whiletheideaisinteresting,itisalsoclearlyimpossible.1.WhydidSostratesuseplasteratthebaseofthePharos?A.TofollowPtolemy’sorders.B.Tohidehisnameleftonthebase.C.Toprotectthebasefromdamage.D.Tomakethelighthousemorebeautiful.2.HowlonghadthePharosstayedstanding?A.Forabout800years.B.Forabout1,000years.C.Forabout1,600years.D.Forabout2,000years.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph4referto?A.Thestatue.B.Alargefire.C.Ahugemirror.D.Thelighthouse.二、七選五Decidingwhetherornottotakepartinanextracurricular(課外的)activitycanbeachallenge.Beforesigninguptoplayonthevolleyballteam,firstconsidertheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofsuchadecision.1Studentsaresuccessfulwhentheytakepartinmanyactivities.Theydowellintheirclassesandfeelmoreconnectedtoschool.Researchshowsthatstudentsinextracurricularactivitieshavebetterattendanceandgrades.

Extracurricularactivitiesalsohelpstudentsmakenewfriendsandlastingrelationships.2Eventhoughwebecamefriendsalongtimeago,wearestillclosetoday.

Whiletheseactivitieshavemanyadvantages,studentsshouldconsiderthedownsideaswell.3Extracurricularactivitiescanbetoomuchforstudentswhodonotpracticegoodtimemanagement.Studentsneedtobegoodatmanagingtheirtimebetweendifferentactivities.

Anotherdownsidetoextracurricularactivitiesinvolvestransportation.4Thissituationlimitsstudents’extracurricularchoicestothoseoutsidetheschoolandclosertohome.Afewofmyclassmatesjoinedtheschool’sculturalclub.Theylaterdiscoveredthatitmetafterschool.Thesestudentsdroppedoutoftheclubbecausetheyhadtocatchtheirbuses.

Onlyyoucandecideifextracurricularactivitiesarerightforyou.Activitiesoutsidetheschoolcanhelpyousucceedinmanyareasofyourlife.5Areyouupforachallenge?

A.Wewerebothintheeight-and-underagegroup.B.Someclubsorsportsmeetbeforeorafterschool.C.Onedownsideisthatitcancreateabusylifeforstudents.D.Manystudentsaretiredfromallthethingstheyhavetodo.E.Takingpartinextracurricularactivitieshasmanyadvantages.F.ImetmybestfriendwhenwewereontheYMCAswimteam.G.However,youneedgoodtimemanagementskillstodealwithabusylife.三、語法填空Thejaguar(美洲豹)isthelargestcatintheAmericas.Ahundredyearsago,jaguars1.(find)everywherefromthesouthwesternUnitedStatestoArgentina,inSouthAmerica.Today,jaguarsareanendangeredspeciesthroughouttheir2.(nature)habitatandhavebeenlostfrom50percentoftheirterritory.Todaytheylive3.(most)intheAmazonrainforest.Andjaguarsaren’ttheonlyanimalslosingtheirhomes—according4.theInternationalUnionforConservationofNature,habitatloss5.(be)themainthreattoabout85percentofallendangeredplantandanimalspecies.

Tropicalrainforestscoveronlyabout7percentofEarth’sland,butthey’rehometoabouthalfofallknownplantandanimalspecies.Most6.(scientist)agreethatabout80,000acres(anacreisequalto4,047squaremetres)disappeareverydaywhentreesarecutdownandlandisclearedforfarms.Treesalsoplay7.importantroleinclimatechange.Fewerforestsmeanthatmoregreenhousegasesremain8.(trap)intheatmosphere,themixtureofgasesthatsurroundstheEarth.

Grasslands,underwaterhabitats,andwetlandsarealsoatrisk.Forexample,theWorldWildlifeFundreportsthatabouthalfoftheworld’swetlands9.(disappear)sinceahundredyearsagoasaresultofbeingdrained(排水)foreitherfarmland10.otherindustries.Thatmeanslessspaceforanimalstofeedandraisetheiryoung.

參考答案一：專題詞匯英譯中1.羽毛球2.耐力3.技術(shù)；手法4.卡路里；熱量5.診斷6.頭暈?zāi)垦５?.肌肉8.絕望的9.過敏的10.使精力充沛二：專題詞匯中譯英1.dmildly10.exercise三：專題短語過關(guān)1.sportsmeet/meeting2.joinavolleyballteam3.beon/eratewith14.goallout15.ingoodform16.makeahit17.physicalexercise18.physicaldevelopment19.standfor20.signup四：閱讀專項訓(xùn)練A1.A由第三段中的“theyareveryhungryandwilleatmites,aphids,mealybugs,greenflies,andothercrop-destroyers”可知,這些都是對莊稼有害的蟲子。2.A由第四段中的“l(fā)adybugswerebrought...setfreeamongorangetreesthatweredyingfrombeingeatenbyinsects”可知,19世紀(jì)瓢蟲被從澳大利亞引進(jìn)到美國加利福尼亞州是為了挽救被害蟲侵害的橘子樹。3.D由倒數(shù)第二段中的“Veryfewbirdsorinsectswilleataladybugbecauseitgivesoffsomethingthatisdangeroustoeat.”可知,很少有鳥或昆蟲吃瓢蟲。再由畫線部分后的“abirdabout100timesitssize”可知,當(dāng)遇見比它大的鳥時,瓢蟲會釋放某種物質(zhì)從而對鳥造成威脅。故此處的standupto有“回?fù)?抵御”之意。B1.B由第二段中的“Sostratesleftamessagecontaininghisownname.ThenhecovereditwithplasterandleftPtolemy’snameoverit”可知,Sostrates是亞歷山大燈塔的設(shè)計者,他在底座使用建筑石膏是為了隱藏他的名字。2.C由第一段中的“In290B.C,PtolemyISoter,therulerofEgypt,orderedthebuildingofthelighthouse.Twentyyearslater,itwasfinished”可知,亞歷山大燈塔于公元前270年建成;再由第三段中的“In1326,itfinallyfellintothesea”可知,它大約存在了1600年。