2023年6月英語四級(jí)考試真題及考試答案（卷二）【寫作】【題干】Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayon

theimportanceofwritingabilityandhowtodevelopit.120-180words.【答案】Writingisaskilltestedinallmajorstandardizededucationaltests,includingCET-4/6,TOEFL,IELTS,andsoon.Buttherehasbeennoshortageofreportsfromdifferentsourcesthatalargeproportionofstudents,especiallycollegestudents,haveill-performedwritingskills,earningrelativelylowscoresintestsaswellasonschoolassignments.Inmyopinion,writingisacrucialskillforstudents.Itisareliablewaybywhichoneimpartknowledge,suggestplans,fightforone’sidea,refuteatheory,andmanyotherpurposes.Soifyouaregoodatwriting,thenyouareabletofulfillthetasksabovementionedmoreeffectively.Besides,notedwrites,betheynovelists,poetsoreditors-in-chiefenlighteneverygenerationofreaderswithnewexperiences.That’swhyreaderstodaystilldiscussonandsharetheiropinionsongreatbookssuchasADreaminRedMansions.Inanutshell,fewskillsaremoreimportantthanwritinginthecurrentsociety.Somysuggestwouldbethateveryone,collegestudentsparticular,takestimetohonewritingskills,getmorepracticeinit,sothatwecanliveuptothesocialexpectationofbecomingsocialistsuccessors.【解析】第一段提出問題，第二段描述事實(shí)，第三段得出結(jié)論或給出提議?！韭犃Α縎ectionANewsReportOneAmessageinabottlesentouttoseabyaNewHampshiremanmorethanfivedecadesagowasfound1500milesawayandhe‘sbeenreturnedtohisdaughter.ThelonglostmessagewasdiscoveredbyClintBuffingtonofUtahwhilehewasvacationing.Buffingtonsayshefoundasodabottlehalf-buriedinthesandthatlookedlikeithadbeentheresincethebeginningoftime.Thenoteinsidethebottlesaid，“Returnto419OceanStreetandreceivearewardof$150fromRichardandTinaPierce，ownersofthebeachCombermotel.ThemotelwasownedbythePaulaPiercein1960.HerfatherhadwrittenthenotesasajokeandhadthrownitintotheAtlanticOcean.BuffingtonflewtoNewHampshiretodeliverthatmessagetoPolaPierce.Shehelduptoherfather'spromisegivingBuffingtonthatreward.Butthebiggestrewardisthemessageinabottlefindingitswaybackhome.Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.1.Whatisthenewsreportmainlyabout？2.WhydidPaulaPiercegiveClintBuffingtonthereward？NewsReportTwoMillionsofbeeshavediedinSouthCarolinaduringaerialinsectsprayingoperationsthatwerecarriedouttocombattheZikavirus.Theinsectssprayingovertheweekendleftmorethan2millionbeesdeadonthespotinDorchestercountySouthCarolina，wherefourtravel-relatedcasesofZikadiseasehavebeenconfirmedinthearea.MostofthedeathscamefromFlowerTownBeefarm，acompanyinSomervillethatsellsbeesandhoneyproducts.JuanitaStanleywhoownsthecompanysaidthefarmlookslikeit'sbeendestroyed.Thefarmlostabout2.5millionbees.Dorchestercountyofficialsapologizedfortheaccidentalmasskillingofbees.DorchesterCountyisawarethatsomebeekeepersintheareathatwassprayedonSundaylosttheirbeecolonies.CountymanagerJasonWardsaidinastatement.“I'mnotpleasedthatsomanybeeswerekilled.”Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.3.WhywassprayingoperationscarriedoutinDorchesterCounty？4.WhatdoesthenewsreportssayaboutFlowerTownBeefarm？NewsReportThreeTheworld'slargestaircrafthastakentotheskiesforthefirsttime.TheAirlander10spentnearly2hoursintheairhavingtakenofffromCoddingtonairfieldinBedfordshire.Duringitsflightitreached3000feetandperformedaseriesofgentleturnsalloverasafearea.Theaircraftismassiveaslongasafootballfieldandastallas6doubledeckerbusesandcapableofflyingforupto5days.ItwasfirstdevelopedfortheUSgovernmentasalongrangespyaircraft，butwasabandonedfollowingbudgetcutbacks.Theaircraftcost25millionpoundsandcancarryheavierloadsthanhugejetplaneswhilealsoproducinglessnoiseandomittinglesspollution.Themakersbelieveit'sthefutureofaircraftandonedaywe'llbeusingthemtogoplaces.Butthere'sstillalongwaytogo.TheAirlanderwillneedtohave200hoursflyingtimebeforebeingallowedtoflybytheaviationadministrationifitpassesthoughwecanhopewe'llallgetsomeextralegroom.Questions5and7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.5.WhatdowelearnaboutthefirstflightoftheAirlander10？6.WhatcausedtheUSgovernmenttoabandontheAirlander10asaspyaircraft？7.WhatistheadvantageoftheAirlander10overhugejetplanes？SectionBConversationOneM：Doyoufeellikegoingouttonight？W：Yeah，whynot，wehaven‘tbeenoutforages，what’son？M：Well，there‘safilmaboutclimatechange.Doesitsoundgoodtoyou？W：No，notreally，itdoesn‘treallyappealtome.What’sitabout？Justclimatechange？M：Ithinkit‘sabouthowclimatechangeaffectseverydaylife.Iwonderhowtheymakeitentertaining.W：Well，itsoundsreallyawful，it‘sanimportantsubjectIagree.ButIamnotinthemoodforanythingdepressing.Whatelseison？M：There‘saSpanishdancefestival.W：Oh，Ilovedance.Thatsoundsreallyinteresting.M：Apparently，it‘sabsolutelybrilliant.Let’sseewhatitsaysinthepaper.AleadsanexcitingproductionofthegreatSpanishlovestoryKamen.W：Ok，then.Whattimeisiton？M：At7：30.W：Well，that‘snogood.Wehaven’tgotenoughtimetogetthere.Isthereanythingelse？M：There‘sacomedyspecialon.W：Where‘siton？M：It‘satthecitytheater.It’sacharitycomedynightwithlotsofdifferentacts.Itlooksprettygood.Thecriticinthelocalthepapersaysit‘sthefunniestthinghe’severseen.ItsayshereRogerWhiteheadisanamazinghosttoanightoffunperformances.W：Em……Iamnotkeenonhim.Heisnotveryfunny.M：Areyousureyourfancygoingouttonight？Youarenotveryenthusiastic.W：Perhapsyouareright.Okay，let‘sgotoseethedance.Buttomorrow，nottonight.M：Great，I‘llbooktheticketsonline.Questions8and11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.8.Whatdoesthewomenthinkoftheclimatechange？9.WhydothespeakersgiveupgoingtotheSpanishdancefestivaltonight？10.Whatdoesthecriticsayaboutthecomedyperformedatthecitytheater？11.Whatdoesthewomandecidetodotomorrow？ConversationTwoW：GoodmorningMr.Lee，MayIhaveaminutesofyourtime？M：SureKatherine，whatcanIdoforyou？W：I‘mquietanxiousabouttransferringovertoourcollege，I’mafraidIwon‘tfitin.M：don'tworryKatherine，it‘scompletelynormalforyoutobenervousabouttransferringschools，thishappenstomanytransferstudents.W：Yes，Iknow，butI‘myoungerthanmoststudentsinmyyearandthatworriesmealot.M：Well，youmaybetheonlyyoungeroneinyouryear，butyouknow，wehavealotofafter-schoolactivitiesyoucanjoinin，andso，thisway，youwillbeabletomeetnewfriendsofdifferentagegroups.W：That‘snice，Ilovegamesandhobbygroups.M：I‘msureyoudo，sowillbejustfine，don’tworrysomuchandtrytomakethemostofwhatwehaveonofferhere，also，rememberthatyoucancometomeanytimeofthedayifyouneedhelp.W：Thankssomuch，Idefinitelyfeelbetternow，asamatteroffact，I‘vealreadycontactedoneofthegirlswhowillbelivinginthesamehousewithme，andsheseemedreallynice.Iguesslivingoncampus，I'llhaveachancetohaveaclosecircleoffriends，sincewe'llbelivingtogether.M：Allstudentsareveryfriendlywithnewarrivals.Letmecheckwhowouldbelivingwithyouinyourflat.Okay.ThereareHannah，Kelly，andBree.Breeisalsoanewstudenthere，likeyou，I‘msureyoutwo’llhavemoretosharewitheachother.Questions12and15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12.WhydoesKatherinefeelanxious？13.WhatdoesMr.LeeencourageKatherinetodo？14.WhatdoesMr.LeepromisedtodoforKatherine？15.WhatdowelearnaboutKatherine‘schoolmateBree？SectionCPassageOneHaveyoueverfeltlikeyouwoulddojustaboutanythingtosatisfyyourhunger？Anewstudyinmicemayhelptoexplainwhyhungercanfeellikesuchapowerfulmotivatingforce.Inthestudy，researchersfoundthathungeroutweighedotherphysicaldrives，includingfear，thirstandsocialneeds.Todeterminewhichfeelingwonout，theresearchersdidaseriesofexperiments.Inoneexperiment，themicewerebothhungryandthirsty.Whengiventhechoiceofeithereatingfoodordrinkingwater，themicewentforthefood，theresearchersfound.However，whenthemicewerewell-fedbutthirsty，theyoptedtodrink，accordingtothestudy.Inthesecondexperimentmeanttopitthemice'shungeragainsttheirfear，hungrymicewereplacedinacagethathadcertain“fox-scented”areasandotherplacesthatsmelledsafer（inotherwords，notlikeananimalthatcouldeatthem）butalsohadfood.Itturnedoutthat，whenthemicewerehungry，theyventuredintotheunsafeareasforfood.Butwhenthemicewerewell-fed，theystayedinareasofthecagethatwereconsidered“safe.”Hungeralsooutweighedthemice'ssocialneeds，theresearchersfound.Miceareusuallysocialanimalsandprefertobeinthecompanyofothermice，accordingtothestudy.Whenthemicewerehungry，theyoptedtoleavethecompanyofothermicetogogetfood.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16.Whatistheresearchers‘purposeincarryingouttheseriousexperimentwithmice？17.Inwhatcircumstances，domiceventureintounsafeareas？18.Whatissaidaboutmiceattheendofthepassage？PassageTwoTheUnitedStateshasoneofthebesthighwaysystemsintheworld.Interstatehighwaysconnectjustabouteverylargeandmid-sizedcityinthecountry.Didyoueverwonderwhysuchacompletesystemofexcellentroadsexists？Forananswer，youwouldhavetogobacktotheearly1920s.Inthoseyears，justafterWorldWarI，themilitarywantedtobuildanAmericanhighwaysystemfornationaldefense.Suchasystemcould，ifnecessary，movetroopsquicklyfromoneareatoanother.Itcouldalsogetpeopleoutofcitiesindangerofbeingbombed.So-calledroadsofnationalimportanceweredesignated，buttheyweremostlysmallcountryroads.In1944，Congresspassedabilltoupgradethesystem，butdidnotfundtheplanrightaway.Inthe1950s，theplanbegantobecomeareality.Over$25billionwasappropriatedbycongress，andconstructionbeganonabout40，000milesofnewroads.Theideawastoconnectthenewsystemtoexistingexpresswaysandfreeways.Andthoughthesystemwasbuiltmostlytomakecartraveleasier，defensewasnotforgotten.Forinstance，highwayoverpasseshadtobehighenoughtoallowtrailerscarryingmilitarymissilestopassunderthem.By1974，thissystemwasmostlycompleted.Afewadditionalroadswouldcomelater.Quickandeasytravelbetweenallpartsofthecountrywasnowpossible.Questions19and21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19.WhatdoesthespeakersayabouttheAmericanhighwaysystem？20.Whatwastheoriginalpurposeofbuildingahighwaysystem？21.Whenwastheinterstatehighwaysystemmostlycompleted？PassageThreeTextingwhiledrivingwaslistedasamajorcauseofroaddeathsamongyoungAmericansbackin2023.Arecentstudysaidthat40%ofAmericanteensclaimtohavebeeninacarwhenthedriverusedacellphoneinawaythatputpeopleindanger.Thissoundslikeawidespreaddiseasebutit'sonethattechnologymaynowhelpedcure.T.J.Evarts，a20-year-oldinventor，hascomeupwithanovelsolutionthatcouldeasilyputtextingdriversonnotice.It'scalledSmartWheel，andit'sdesignedtofitoverthesteeringwheelofmoststandardvehiclestotrackwhetherornotthedriverhastwohandsonthewheelatalltimes.Evarts‘inventionwarnsthedriverswiththelightandthesoundwhentheyholdthewheelwithonehandonly，butassoonastheyplacetheotherhandbackonthewheelthelightturnsbacktogreenandthesoundstops.Italsowatchesforwhat'scalled“closebyhands”，wherebothhandsareclosetogethernearthetopofthewheelsothedrivercantypewithboththumbsanddriveatthesametime.AllthedataSmartWheelcollectsisalsosenttoaconnectedapp.SoanyparentswhoinstallSmartWheelcankeeptrackoftheteens’drivinghabits.Iftheytrytoremoveordamagethecover，that'sreportedaswell.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.22.WhatisamajorcauseofroaddeathsamongyoungAmericans？23.WhatisSmartWheel？24.Whathappensifthedriverhasonehandonthewheel？25.Howdoparentskeeptrackoftheirteens‘drivinghabits？參照答案：ABBCACDADCBDCADBACDBABACB1.A）Thereturnofabottledmessagetoitsowner'sdaughter.【解析】根據(jù)原文：AmessageinabottlesentouttoseabyaNewHampshiremanmorethanfivedecadesagowasfound1500milesawayandhe‘sbeenreturnedtohisdaughter.可以得到答案。2.B）Shewantedtohonorherfather'spromise.【解析】根據(jù)原文：Shehelduptoherfather'spromisegivingBuffingtonthatreward.可以得出答案。3.B）SeveralcasesofZikadiseasehadbeenidentified.【解析】根據(jù)原文：Theinsectssprayingovertheweekendleftmorethan2millionbeesdeadonthespotinDorchestercountySouthCarolina，wherefourtravel-relatedcasesofZikadiseasehavebeenconfirmedinthearea.可以得出答案。4.C）Itlostahugestockofbees.【解析】根據(jù)原文：Thefarmlostabout2.5millionbees.可以得出答案。5.A）Itstayedintheairforabouttwohours.【解析】根據(jù)原文：TheAirlander10spentnearly2hoursintheairhavingtakenofffromCoddingtonairfieldinBedfordshire.可以得出答案。6.C）Inadequatefunding.【解析】根據(jù)原文：ItwasfirstdevelopedfortheUSgovernmentasalongrangespyaircraft，butwasabandonedfollowingbudgetcutbacks.可以得出答案。7.D）Itismoreenvironmentallyfriendly.【解析】根據(jù)原文：Theaircraftcost25millionpoundsandcancarryheavierloadsthanhugejetplaneswhilealsoproducinglessnoiseandomittinglesspollution.可以得出答案。8.A）Itseemsadepressingtopic.【解析】根據(jù)原文：Well，itsoundsreallyawful，it‘sanimportantsubjectIagree.可以得出答案。9.D）Theycan'tmakeittothetheater.【解析】根據(jù)原文：Well，that‘snogood.Wehaven’tgotenoughtimetogetthere.可以得出答案。10.C）Itisthemostamusingshowhehaseverseen.【解析】根據(jù)原文：Thecriticinthelocalthepapersaysit‘sthefunniestthinghe’severseen.可以得出答案。11.B）Goandseethedance.【解析】根據(jù)原文：Perhapsyouareright.Okay，let‘sgotoseethedance.Buttomorrow，nottonight.可以得出答案。12.D）Sheworriesshewon'tfitinasatransferstudent.【解析】根據(jù)原文：I‘mquietanxiousabouttransferringovertoourcollege，I’mafraidIwon‘tfitin.可以得出答案。13.C）Participateinafter-schoolactivities.【解析】根據(jù)原文：Well，youmaybetheonlyyoungeroneinyouryear，butyouknow，wehavealotofafter-schoolactivitiesyoucanjoinin，andso，thisway，youwillbeabletomeetnewfriendsofdifferentagegroups.可以得出答案。14.A）Giveherhelpwheneversheneeds.【解析】根據(jù)原文：I‘msureyoudo，sowillbejustfine，don’tworrysomuchandtrytomakethemostofwhatwehaveonofferhere，also，rememberthatyoucancometomeanytimeofthedayifyouneedhelp.可以得出答案。15.D）Shehasjusttransferredtocollege.【解析】根據(jù)原文：Allstudentsareveryfriendlywithnewarrivals.可以得出答案。16.B）Tofindoutwhichphysicaldriveisthemostpowerful.【解析】根據(jù)原文：Anewstudyinmicemayhelptoexplainwhyhungercanfeellikesuchapowerfulmotivatingforce.可以得出答案。17.A）Whentheyarehungry.【解析】根據(jù)原文：Itturnedoutthat，whenthemicewerehungry，theyventuredintotheunsafeareasforfood.可以得出答案……18.C）Theyprefertobewithothermice.【解析】根據(jù)原文：Miceareusuallysocialanimalsandprefertobeinthecompanyofothermice，accordingtothestudy.可以得出答案。19.D）Itisoneofthebestinworld.【解析】根據(jù)文章：TheUnitedStateshasoneofthebesthighwaysystemsintheworld.可以得出答案。20.B）Tomovetroopsquicklyfromplacetoplace.【解析】根據(jù)文章：uchasystemcould，ifnecessary，movetroopsquicklyfromoneareatoanother.可以得出答案。21.A）Inthe1970s.【解析】根據(jù)文章：By1974，thissystemwasmostlycompleted.可以得出答案。22.B）Messagingwhiledriving.【解析】根據(jù)文章：TextingwhiledrivingwaslistedasamajorcauseofroaddeathsamongyoungAmericansbackin2023.可以得出答案。23.D）Adevicetoensurepeopledrivewithbothhands.【解析】根據(jù)文章：It'scalledSmartWheel，andit'sdesignedtofitoverthesteeringwheelofmoststandardvehiclestotrackwhetherornotthedriverhastwohandsonthewheelatalltimes.可以得出答案。24.C）Theyarealertedwithalightandsound.【解析】根據(jù)文章：Evarts‘inventionwarnsthedriverswiththelightandthesoundwhentheyholdthewheelwithonehandonly，butassoonastheyplacetheotherhandbackonthewheelthelightturnsbacktogreenandthesoundstops.可以得出答案。25.B）Usingaconnectedapp.【解析】根據(jù)文章：AllthedataSmartWheelcollectsisalsosenttoaconnectedapp.可以得出答案?！鹃喿x】PartⅢReadingSectionC26.C-cast27.L-replaced28.F-efficient29.J-professionals30.E-decorative31.G-electrified32.I-photographed33.B-approach34.K-quality35.H-identify36-F37-C38-I39-E40-B41-K42-H43-D44-A45-GPassageOneLivinginanurbanareawithgreenspaceshasalong-lastingpositiveimpactonpeople'smentalwell-being，astudyhassuggested.UKresearchersfoundmovingtoagreenspacehadasustainedpositiveeffect，unlikepayrisesorpromotions，whichonlyprovidedashort-termboost.Co-authorMathewWhite，fromtheEuropeanCentreforEnvironmentandHumanHealthattheUniversityofExeter，UK，explainedthatthestudyshowedpeoplelivingingreenerurbanareasweredisplayingfewersignsofdepressionoranxiety.“Therecouldbeanumberofreasons，”hesaid，“forexample，peopledomanythingstomakethemselveshappier：theystriveforpromotionorpayrises，ortheygetmarried.Butthetroublewithallthosethingsisthatwithinsixmonthstoayear，peoplearebacktotheiroriginalbaselinelevelsofwell-being.So，thesethingsarenotsustainable；theydon‘tmakeushappyinthelongterm.Wefoundthatforsomelottery（彩票）winnerswhohadwonmorethan￡500，000thepositiveeffectwasdefinitelythere，butaftersixmonthstoayear，theywerebacktothebaseline.”Dr.Whitesaidhisteamwantedtoseewhetherlivingingreenerurbanareashadalastingpositiveeffectonpeople'ssenseofwell-beingorwhethertheeffectalsodisappearedafteraperiodoftime.Todothis，theteamuseddatafromtheBritishHouseholdPanelSurveycompiledbytheUniversityofEssex.Explainingwhatthedatarevealed，hesaid：“Whatyouseeisthatevenafterthreeyears，mentalhealthisstillbetter，whichisunlikemanyoftheotherthingsthatwethinkwillmakeushappy.”Heobservedthatpeoplelivingingreenspaceswerelessstressed，andlessstressedpeoplemademoresensibledecisionsandcommunicatedbetter.46.Accordingtoonestudy，whatdogreenspacesdotopeople？A）Improvetheirworkefficiency.B）Addtotheirsustainedhappiness.C）Helpthembuildapositiveattitudetowardslife.D）Lessentheirconcernsaboutmaterialwell-being.47.WhatdoesDr.Whitesaypeopleusuallydotomakethemselveshappier？A）Earnmoremoney.B）Gainfameandpopularity.C）Settleinanurbanarea.D）Liveinagreenenvironment.48.WhatdoesDr.Whitetrytofindoutaboutlivinginagreenerurbanarea？A）Howitaffectsdifferentpeople.B）Howstrongitseffectis.C）Howlongitspositiveeffectlasts.D）Howitbenefitsphysically49.WhatdidDr.Whiteresearchrevealaboutpeoplelivinginagreenenvironment？A）Theirstresswasmoreapparentthanreal.B）Theirdecisionsrequiredlessdeliberation.C）Theirmemoriesweregreatlystrengthened.D）Theircommunicationwithothersimproved.50.AccordingtoDr.White，whatshouldthegovernmentdotobuildmoregreenspacesincities？A）Findfinancialsupport.B）Improveurbanplanning.C）Involvelocalresidentsintheeffort.D）Raisepublicawarenessoftheissue.答案：BACDAPassageTwoAletterwrittenbyCharlesDarwinin1875hasbeenreturnedtotheSmithsonianInstitutionArchives（檔案館）bytheFBIafterbeingstolentwice.“Werealizedinthemid-1970sthatitwasmissing，”saysEffieKapsalis，headoftheSmithsonianInstitutionArchives.“Itwasnotedasmissingandlikelytakenbyanintern，fromwhattheFBIistellingus.Wordgotoutthatitwasmissingwhensomeoneaskedtoseetheletterforresearchpurposes，”andtheinternputtheletterback.“Theinternlikelytooktheletteragainoncenobodywaswatchingit.”Decadespassed.FinallytheFBIreceivedatipthatthestolendocumentwaslocatedveryclosetoWashington，D.C.Theirartcrimeteamrecoveredtheletterbutwereunabletopresschargesbecausethetimeoflimitationshadended.TheFBIworkedcloselywiththeArchivestodeterminethattheletterwasbothauthenticanddefinitelySmithsonian‘sproperty.TheletterwaswrittenbyDarwintothankanAmericangeologist，Dr.FerdinandVandeveerHayden，forsendinghimcopiesofhisresearchintothegeologyoftheregionthatwouldbecomeYellowstoneNationalPark.Theletterisinfairlygoodcondition，inspiteofbeingoutofthecareoftrainedmuseumstaffforsolong.“Itwasluckilyingoodshape，”saysKapsalis，“andwejusthavetodosomeminorthingsinordertobeabletounfoldit.Ithassomeglueonitthathascoloreditslightly，butnothingthatwillpreventusfromusingit.Afteritisrepaired，wewilltakedigitalphotosofitandthatwillbeavai