會(huì)計(jì)學(xué)1賓語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句講解nounadj./adv.infinitiveV-ingV-edetc.主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)表語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)(間)賓語(yǔ)(直)VtV-lViNoun/PronounThe+adjV-ing/ClauseInfinitiveNoun/Pronoun/The+adjV-ing/Clause/Infinitive英語(yǔ)句子基本成分示意圖be/feel/seem/lookappear/become/get/grow/turngo/come/remain/keeptaste/smelletc.nounpronounadj./adv.infinitiveV-ing/V-edclauseetc.第1頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)ObjectClauses

賓語(yǔ)從句M3U3Grammar

第2頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)

Iknowhim.2.Iknowwhoheis.主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)（簡(jiǎn)單句）主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)從句連詞從句主語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)

主句（復(fù)合句）第3頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)什么是賓語(yǔ)？Iknowhim.Doyouhavethetime?Ithink(that)sheisbeautiful.Whydon’tyoupayattentiontome?Weareexcitedthatwewinthetugofwar.

賓語(yǔ)位于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或者介詞后,也可位于表示情感的形容詞之后第4頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)一、賓語(yǔ)從句的概念從句在復(fù)合句中作賓語(yǔ)的名詞性從句，通常放在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（及物動(dòng)詞）或介詞之后。

E.g.Weknow

MrGreenteachesEnglish.

Sheasked

iftheseanswerswereright.二、賓語(yǔ)從句三要素引導(dǎo)詞（連接詞）語(yǔ)序時(shí)態(tài)第5頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)如何區(qū)分賓語(yǔ)從句？They

know

theteacher.

主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)They

know

theteacherisverykind.

主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)從句

▲句子做賓語(yǔ)就是賓語(yǔ)從句。第6頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)

賓語(yǔ)從句變否定句。如果主句的主語(yǔ)是第一人稱(chēng)I或we時(shí)，并且謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞多為think、guess、believe、consider、imagine、expect等表示心理活動(dòng)的詞時(shí)，變否定句要否定轉(zhuǎn)移，即否定主句。否則，變否定句看從句。

Ithinkchickencanswim（變否定句）

Idon’tthinkchickencanswim

Hesaidthathewouldgoshopping（變否定句）

Hesaidthathewouldnotgoshopping第7頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)

Wewonderhowweshalldo.Couldyoutellmewheretheyare?Webelievethattheyhavefinishedtheirtask,haven’twe?4.IamsorrythatIdidn’tknowyouwanttojointheParty.找出下列句中的賓語(yǔ)從句第8頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)不同引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句由從屬連詞that

引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句由連接代詞Who,whom,whose,which,what

和連接副詞where,how,why,when引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句由從屬連詞whether,if

引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句（一）引導(dǎo)詞123第9頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)e.g.Hedoesn’tdoubt(that)_______________________.Hesaid(that)______________________.Theteachertoldus(that)_______________________________.

hewillbebackinanhour

hemissedusverymuch

theearthmoves由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句注：that在句中無(wú)詞匯意義，在從句中不能充當(dāng)成分，在口語(yǔ)當(dāng)中往往省略aroundthesun第10頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)that——不能省略的2種情況（2）用it做形式賓語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)

（it?？梢苑旁趧?dòng)詞think,find,consider,believe,feel,make等后作為形式賓語(yǔ)，而真正的賓語(yǔ)——that從句則放在句尾）

IthinkitnecessarythatyoushouldreadEnglishaloud.Weheardit

thatshewouldgetmarriednextmonth.

（1）當(dāng)that作介詞except,in

賓語(yǔ)時(shí)Theybelieveinthatshemuststillbesingle.IknownothingabouthimexceptthatheislivinginBeijing.

第11頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)由從屬連詞whether,if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句Iwanttoknow______________________________________.2.Askhim_________________________.3.Iwonder____________________________.4.Couldyoutellme________________________?

if(whether)hewillgototheparkwithus

whether(if)hecancome

whetheritisgoingtorainornotif/whether“是否”，說(shuō)明對(duì)陳述的事物不明確或不清楚。常用在ask,wonder,can(could)youtellme等后。

whether(if)

MrLiliveshere第12頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)只能用whether不能用if的情況1.在介詞后面：I’mthinkingofwhetherweshouldgofishing.Weareworriedabout

whetheritwillraintomorrow.2.在動(dòng)詞不定式前(whethertodosth.)

：Theyaskedmewhethertogoskating.第13頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)3.當(dāng)與ornot連用，或提出兩種選擇時(shí):Idon’tknowwhetherhe’sfreeornot.MaryaskedwhetherIwasdoingmyhomeworkornot.Tellmewhetheryou’dliketogoshoppingortidytheroom.4.賓語(yǔ)從句提前時(shí)：Whetherthisistrueornot,Ican’tsay.第14頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)P(yáng)racticetimeif/whether1.Iaskedher__________shehadabike.

2.We’reworriedabout________heissafe.

3.Iwonder___________heiswell.

4.Idon’tknow________ornotheiswell.

5.Idon’tknow_______togo.

if/whetherwhetherwhether/ifwhetherwhether第15頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)1.Heasked_____________________________.2.Doyouknow_________________________?3.Heasked_______________________________.4.Doyouknow_________________________?5.Pleasetellme_____________.6.Canyoutellme________________________?7.Couldyoutellme______________________?

whocouldanswerthequestion

whomtheyarewaitingfor

whosebikewasthebestintheclass

whenwe’llhaveameeting

whereheis

howIcangettothestation

whythetrainislate由連接代詞Who,whom,whose,which,what和連接副詞where,how,why,when引導(dǎo)的賓從代詞或副詞連接主句和從句，并在從句中擔(dān)任句子成分，具有一定的意義，不可省略。第16頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)二、語(yǔ)序賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序用陳述語(yǔ)序：連接詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其他成分第17頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)

1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?

Hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary.Hisbrotheraskswhenwillhegotothelibrary.

2.Whatdidhewanttobuy?

Idon’tknowwhatdidhewanttobuy.Idon’tknowwhathewantedtobuy.主句+連接詞+從句（主+謂+其他成分）第18頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)

What’swrong?What’sthematter?What’shappening?Whathappened?

注：當(dāng)從句的原句為以下句子以及what,who作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，語(yǔ)序不變：e.g.Idon’tknowwhat’sthematter.Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?Canyoutellmewhoheis?做主語(yǔ)做賓語(yǔ)第19頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)否定的轉(zhuǎn)移

若主句為第一人稱(chēng)（I或We)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,guess,imagine等，其后的賓語(yǔ)從句若含有否定意義，一般要把否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句謂語(yǔ)上，從句謂語(yǔ)用肯定式。Idon’tthinkthisdressfitsyouwell.Idon’tthinkyouareright.

我認(rèn)為這件衣服不適合你穿。我認(rèn)為你是錯(cuò)的。

Idon’tbelieveyouwillfinishtheworktoday.

我認(rèn)為你今天無(wú)法完成工作。

第20頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)注意：①這種否定前移的賓語(yǔ)從句，在變成反意疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，反意疑問(wèn)句的主謂語(yǔ)要與從句一致。

Idon'tthink(that)heisinterestedinthatthing,ishe?我認(rèn)為他對(duì)那件事不感興趣，對(duì)嗎？第21頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)②如果主句的主語(yǔ)是第二和第三人稱(chēng)時(shí)，它后面接的賓語(yǔ)從句的否定詞通常不前移，它的反意疑問(wèn)句的主謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)該與主句一致，即如果主句是肯定，反意疑問(wèn)部分就用否定；如果主句是否定，那么反意疑問(wèn)部分就用肯定。Shethoughtthatfilmwasnotinteresting,didn'tshe?她認(rèn)為那部電影不好看，是嗎？Youthinkyoucan‘tgetup,don’tyou?你認(rèn)為你起不來(lái)，是嗎？第22頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)Iknowheliveshere.Iknowhelivedheretenyearsago.Ihaveheardthathewillcometomorrow.三、時(shí)態(tài)主句用現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)，從句可用任何時(shí)態(tài)，根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定。第23頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)2.如果主句是過(guò)去的時(shí)態(tài)（一般過(guò)去時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)），從句的時(shí)態(tài)一定要用相對(duì)應(yīng)的過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)（一般過(guò)去時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，過(guò)去完成時(shí)）Iknewwholivedhere.Isawshewastalkingwithhermother.Heaskedwhetherhisfatherwouldcomebacktomorrow.Hesaidthathehadseenit.第24頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)Theteachertoldmeshewasbornin1960.IheardthathewenttoParislastnight.3.從句說(shuō)明的是一般真理、客觀事實(shí)、自然現(xiàn)象時(shí)，仍用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Dadtoldusthatitisbettertodothantosay.Hetoldtheboythatthreeandthreeissix.Hetoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesun.4.從句中有具體時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，即使從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作前，仍用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。第25頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)主句時(shí)態(tài)從句時(shí)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)、祈使句時(shí)根據(jù)句意的需要用任意一種時(shí)態(tài)一般過(guò)去時(shí)與原句相對(duì)應(yīng)的過(guò)去的時(shí)態(tài)

客觀事實(shí)、真理、自然現(xiàn)象、名言警句、諺語(yǔ)等

一律用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)第26頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)Theradiosaysit_______cloudytomorrow.(be)Theheadmasterhopeseverything______well.(go)Ihearthey__________(return)italready.Hesaidthatthey_________membersofthePartysince1948.(be)Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_______intheeast.(rise)

willbe

goes

havereturned

hadbeen

rises第27頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)賓語(yǔ)從句

三要素時(shí)態(tài)Summary(小結(jié)）引導(dǎo)詞（連接詞）語(yǔ)序第28頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)注意：

賓語(yǔ)從句常用于直接引語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)為間接引轉(zhuǎn)變的時(shí)候注意時(shí)態(tài)和人稱(chēng)的變化

第29頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)Whatdidyourfathersay?Youareaclevergirl.MyfathersaidIwasaclevergirl.第30頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)“Iaminspace.”Whatdidhesay?Hesaidhewasinspace.第31頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)有些動(dòng)詞如enjoy,love,hate,like,appreciate,take,hide,seeto,insiston,dependon,relyon等帶賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，習(xí)慣上在從句前加形式賓語(yǔ)it.Ihateitwhenpeopleaskmeformoney.Iwillappreciateitifyoucangivemesomemoney.第32頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)1.

Theyoungmanasked_____it'ssummerorwinter.A.eitherB.thatC.weatherD.whether2.

Wedon'tknow______theydidit.A.howB.whoC.whatD.which3.Theteacherasksus____Jimcancomebackontime.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whattime

4.Doesanybodyknow______wewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekendornot.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.thatDABC

Practice第33頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)5.Couldyoushowme________?A.howcanIgettothestationB.whereisthestationC.howIcouldgettothestationD.howIcanreachthestation6.Pleasetellme_______.A.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslikeC.whathelikesD.whathelike7.Mysistertoldhim________.A.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrivedC.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyouliveCBD第34頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)8.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_______.A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitis9.Couldyoutellmehowlong__________?A.youhaveboughtthewatchB.youhavekeptthissciencebookC.haveyoubeenawayfromChinaD.haveyoubeenamemberofGreenerChina10.Hesaysthatifit_______tomorrow,he_______fishing.A.willrain,won'tgoB.rained,wasn'tgoC.rains,won'tgoD.rain,willgoBCD第35頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)Thelittlegirlwhogotlostdecidedtoremain___shewasandwaitforhermother.A.whereB.whatC.howD.whoWillyouseeto___thatthedoorisclosedbeforeyouleave.A.whatB.itC.whenD.that

第36頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)將下列句子合并為一句:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyouspeakatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketogoskiing?Heasked.4.Heisdoinghishomework.Hesaid.5.Hewillcomeback.Tomsaid.Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.

Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillspeakatthemeeting?Heaskediftheylikedtogoskiing.

Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework.

Tomsaidthathewouldcomeback.第37頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)6.Isshedoingherhomework?Jimasked.7.Whenwillhecomeback?Tomasked.8.HowcanIgettothestation?Couldyoutellme?9.Whyisthetrainlate?Wouldyoutellme?10.WhereisTom?Theyasked.Tomaskedwhenhewouldcomeback.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?Wouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?TheyaskedwhereTomwas.Jimaskedifshewasdoingherhomework.第38頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)P(yáng)redicativeClauses

表語(yǔ)從句第39頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)表語(yǔ)從句是在復(fù)合句中作表語(yǔ)的名詞性從句,放在系動(dòng)詞之后,一般結(jié)構(gòu)是“主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)從句”。可以接表語(yǔ)從句的系動(dòng)詞有be,look,remain,seem等。另外,常用的還有thereasonwhy…isthat…和Itisbecause…等結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：第40頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)一、表語(yǔ)從句三要素引導(dǎo)詞（連接詞）語(yǔ)序時(shí)態(tài)第41頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)如何區(qū)分表語(yǔ)從句？He

is

astudent.

主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)Thereason

isthatheisastudent.

主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)從句

▲句子做表語(yǔ)就是表語(yǔ)從句。第42頁(yè)/共67頁(yè).表語(yǔ)從句：從句在句中充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)成分，一般放在連系動(dòng)詞之后.作用:對(duì)主語(yǔ)進(jìn)行解釋說(shuō)明。連接詞：that/whether/asif/asthough（if不引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句)連接代詞：who/whom/whose/which/what連接副詞：when/where/why/how/because

Thequestioniswhether

wecanrelyonhim.

That’sbecause

wewereinneedofmoneyatthattime.Helookedasif

hewasgoingtocry.That’swhy

Iwaslate.第43頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)肯定句：ThatiswhyIwaslate.否定句：Thatisn’twhyIwaslate.一般疑問(wèn)句：Isthatwhyyouwerelate?第44頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)不同引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句由從屬連詞that

引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句由連接代詞Who,whom,whose,which,what

和連接副詞where,how,why,when引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句由從屬連詞whether引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句（一）引導(dǎo)詞123第45頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)由從屬連詞whether,asif引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句1.Thequestionis_______________________2.Iwonder_________________________.

whetheritisworthdoing.

whetheritisrightorwrong

itwasgoingtorainwhether“是否”，說(shuō)明對(duì)陳述的事物不明確或不清楚。

asif表似乎，猜測(cè)

Itlookedasif____________________第46頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)表示好像,猶如Thelittleboytalksasifhewereanadult.asif/asthough引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句常置于系動(dòng)詞look,seem,sound,become等后面，可用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，也可用陳述語(yǔ)氣。第47頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)e.g.WhatIwanttosayisthatI’msorry.ThepointisthatyoushouldreadEnglishaloud.由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句注：that在從句中不能省略第48頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)1.Thatis_________________________.2.Thatwas____________________.3.Theproblemis_____________________.4.Histroubleis______________________.

whatheisworriedabout

whytheymadeabet

howtheycangetfood

wherehecanfindhisbook由連接代詞Who,whom,whose,which,what和連接副詞where,how,why,when引導(dǎo)的賓從代詞或副詞連接主句和從句，并在從句中擔(dān)任句子成分，具有一定的意義，不可省略。第49頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)注意：在表語(yǔ)從句中，表“是否”時(shí)，只能用“whether”不能用“If”。一般情況下，“that”不能省。

Itis/wasbecause….Itis/waswhy….3.Thereason(why…/for…)is/wasthat….4Thereasonisbecause/why…that….第50頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)注意表語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞與賓語(yǔ)從句相同.但:1.that引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句時(shí)不能省.2.if不能引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句.

第51頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)1.Pleasetellmeyouwillgotothelecturetomorrow.2.Italldependsontheskywillclearup.3.Thequestionisthefilmiswellworthseeing.4.HewillbewelltomorrowIamnotsure.5.itistrueremainsaproblem.關(guān)聯(lián)詞比較whether/ifwhether/ifwhetherwhetherwhetherwhether第52頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)二、語(yǔ)序賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序用陳述語(yǔ)序：連接詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其他成分第53頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)

1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?

Thequestioniswhenhewillgotothelibrary.

Thequestionis

whenwillhegotothelibrary.

2.Thatiswhatheisworriedabout.

Thatiswhatisheworriedabout.主句+連接詞+從句（主+謂+其他成分）第54頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)Itiswherehelives.Itiswherehelived10yearsago.三、時(shí)態(tài)主句用現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)，從句可用任何時(shí)態(tài)，根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定。第55頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)2.如果主句是過(guò)去的時(shí)態(tài)（一般過(guò)去時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)），從句的時(shí)態(tài)一定要用相對(duì)應(yīng)的過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)（一般過(guò)去時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，過(guò)去完成時(shí)）Herwishwasthatshecouldloseweightsoon.Itlookedasifitwasgoingtorain.Thequestionwaswhetherhisfatherwouldcomebacktomorrow.Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthatthetrainhadalreadyleft.第56頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)名詞主語(yǔ)+be+that引起的表語(yǔ)從句在這種句型中，常用表示事實(shí)，真理的名詞，如：fact,truth

或表示看法，觀點(diǎn)的名詞，如：idea,opinion,belief,view,feeling等作主語(yǔ)。如：1.Thefactisthatourteamhaswonthegame.2.Thetruthisthatshewastheverypersonwhoinformedagainstherhusband.第57頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)主語(yǔ)是表示建議、命令、要求、計(jì)劃（suggestion,advice,order,request,proposal,plan）等的名詞的時(shí)候，表語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)該用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用should+動(dòng)詞原形，should可以省略。Thesuggestionisthatyou(should)winback.第58頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)名詞從句讓步狀語(yǔ)從句who表“誰(shuí)”

/whoever表”….”的任何人表”不論誰(shuí)”what表”什么”“所….的東西”

/whatever表”…..的任何東西”“無(wú)論什么”第59頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)who/whoever1.Thecompetitioniscoming.willattendthemeetinghasn’tbeendecidedyet.2.Ibelievetakespartinthecompetitionwilltryhisbest.what/whatever3.Canyoutellmeyou‘dliketoorder?happens,don’tbesurprised.Allthefoodhereisdelicious.Justorderyoulike.whowhoeverwhatwhateverwhatever第60頁(yè)/共67頁(yè)1.That’s___t