也子信息學(xué)院實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告書課程名：《嵌入式開發(fā)與應(yīng)用》題目：實(shí)驗(yàn)二Linux指令系統(tǒng)實(shí)驗(yàn)類別【驗(yàn)證】班級(jí)：學(xué)號(hào)：姓各評(píng)語(yǔ)：學(xué)習(xí)態(tài)度：【很好】【一般】【較差】程序編寫：【完整】【部分完整】【不完整】得出結(jié)論:【對(duì)的】【部分對(duì)的】【不對(duì)的】報(bào)告書寫：【規(guī)范】【一般】【不規(guī)范】舟幺害.我縣知府.枯*生1、實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康氖煜inux常用的指令。2、實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容Linux目錄操作；Linux文獻(xiàn)操作；查找過(guò)濾操作；壓縮打包操作；進(jìn)程操作。3、實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)備PC機(jī)一臺(tái);操作系統(tǒng):Ubuntu8.04。4、實(shí)驗(yàn)環(huán)節(jié)對(duì)照指導(dǎo)書，對(duì)Linux進(jìn)行目錄操作；5、實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果Linux目錄操作1.當(dāng)前的分區(qū)表信息。root@hanback-desktop:-#cd/tmproot@hanback-desktop:/tmp#Isgconfd-hanbackscim-socket-fcontend-rootgconfd-rootseahorse-bay2ny;eyring-wuAvTBtestfileorbit-hanbacktmp.iBXMoQ9147orbit-rootTracker-root.9421pulse-rootvirtual-root.LTrk0yscim-bridge-0.3.?.socket-0@localhost:0.0[VMwascim-helper-manager-socket-rootvmware-rootscim-panel-socket:0-rootvmware-root-22528232732.目錄myshare。-ooT(dnanDacK-aesKTop:/imp#mKairmysnare^oot@hanback-desktop:/tmp#Is-Idmyshare/:lrwxr-xr-x2rootroot40962Q15-03?1011:06myshare/.修改目錄的擁有者和工作組。

root(ahanback-desktop:/tmp#^oot@hanback-desktop:/tmp#jrwxr-xr-x2binroot4096oot@hanback-desktop:/tmp#^oot(ahanback-desktop:/tmp#chownbinmyshare/Is-Idmyshare/2015-03-1011:06myshare/chgrpbinmyshare/root(ahanback-desktop:/tmp#^oot@hanback-desktop:/tmp#jrwxr-xr-x2binroot4096oot@hanback-desktop:/tmp#^oot(ahanback-desktop:/tmp#chownbinmyshare/Is-Idmyshare/2015-03-1011:06myshare/chgrpbinmyshare/Is-Idmyshare/irwxr-xr-x2binbin40962015-03-1011:06myshare/^oot@hanback-desktop:/tmp#chmodg-i-smyshare"oot@hanback-desktop:/tmp#Is-Idmyshare/Jrwxr-sr-x2binbin40962015-03-1。11:06myshare/.測(cè)試。root@hanback-desktop:/tmp#mkdirmyshare/testdirrootcahanback-desktop:/tmp#Is-Imyshare/總用量4drwxr-sr-x2rootbin40962015-03-1011:11testdirroot@hdnback-desktop:/tmp#■(2)Linux文獻(xiàn)操作.查看/tmp目錄下的內(nèi)容及屬性。root@hanback-desktop:-#cd/tmproot(ahanback-desktop:/tmp#Is-Fgconfd-hanback/gconfd-root/keyring-wuAvTB/myshare/orbit-hanback/root@hanback-desktop:-#cd/tmproot(ahanback-desktop:/tmp#Is-Fgconfd-hanback/gconfd-root/keyring-wuAvTB/myshare/orbit-hanback/orbit-root/pulse-root/scim-bridge-0.3.0.socket-0@localhost:0.0=scim-helper-manager-socket-root=scim-panel-socket:0-root=scim-socket-fcontend-root=seahorse-bay2ny/testfile*tmp.iBXMoQ9147Tracker-root.9421/virtual-root.LTrkOy/k/MwareDnDvmv/are-root/vmware-root-2252823273/.新建testfile文獻(xiàn)。root@hanback-desktop:/tmp#touchroot@hanback-desktop:/tmp#Is-Itestfile總用量52drwxdrwxdrwxdrwxr-sr-xdrwxdrwxdrwxsrwxr-xr-xhanbackhanback4096rootroot4096rootroot4096binbin4096hanbackhanback4096rootroot4096rootroot4096rootrootocket-0@localhost:0.0srwsrw---rootrootroot0rootroot01-socket-root2015-03-2015-03-2015-03-2015-03-2015-03-2015-03-2015-03-2015-03-2015-03-2015-03-1010101010101010101088818188OO01O10O166113665441514408:4608:46gconfd-hanbackgconfd-rootkeyring-wuAvTBmyshareorbit-hanbackorbit-rootpulse-rootscim-bridge-0.3.0.sscim-helper-managerscim-panel-socket:0srwd-rootdrwx--rwxr-xr-x-rw-drwxdrwxJrwxrwxrwtdrwxr-xr-xdrwxrootrootrootrootrootrootrootrootrootrootrootrootrootrootrootrootrootroot02015-03-1008:46scim-socket-fronten2015-03-102015-03-102015-03-102015-03-102015-03-102015-03-102015-03-102015-03-10seahorse-bay2nytestfiletmp.iBXMoQ9147Tracker-root.9421virtual-root.LTrk0yvmware-rootvmware-root-2252823.設(shè)立該文獻(xiàn)的權(quán)限模式。root@hanback-desktop:/tmp#chmod755testfileroot@hanback-desktop:/tmp#Is-Itestfile-rwxr-xr-x1rootrootO2015-03-1011:17testfile.把該文獻(xiàn)備份到/tmp/myshare目錄卜，并改名為tcslfiIc.bak。root@hanback-desktop:/tmp#cptestfilemyshare/testfile.bakroot@hanback-desktop:/tmp#Is-1myshare/總用量4drwxr-sr-x2rootbin40962015-03-1011:11testdir-rwxr-xr-x1rootbin02015-03-1011:21testfile.bak.在/rootH錄下為該文獻(xiàn)創(chuàng)建1個(gè)符號(hào)連接。root@hanback-desktop:/tmp#In-s/tmp/testfile/root/testfile.Inroot@hanback-desktop:/tmp#Is-I/root/testfile.InIrwxrwxrwx1rootroot132015-03-1011:23/root/testfile.In->/tmp/testfile（3）查找過(guò)濾操作1.查找cat和find命令程序的途徑。root@hanback-desktop:/tmp#Tind/-namegrub.con/root/Pictures/grub.conf2.查找系統(tǒng)中是否存在文獻(xiàn)2.查找系統(tǒng)中是否存在文獻(xiàn)grub.conf。/root/Videos/grub.conf/root/grub.confroot@hdnback?desktop:/tmp#，.查找系統(tǒng)中所有的空文獻(xiàn)，并記錄到/tmp/zerofile.log。root@hanback-desktop:/tmp#find-size0>/tmp/zerofile.log|.搜索inittab文獻(xiàn)中具有initdefault字符串的行。root@hanback-desktop:/tmp#cat/root/inittab|grepinitdefault#0-halt(DoNOTsetinitdefaulttothis)#6-reboot(DoNOTsetinitdefaulttothis)id:3:initdefault:.過(guò)濾顯示/etc卜.文獻(xiàn)名中包含init字符串的文獻(xiàn)或目錄全名。root@hanback-desktop:/tmp#is/etc/|grepinitinit.dinitramfs-toolsinittab4)壓縮打包操作.把/tmp/myshare/目錄打包成tmp.tar,放到/root目錄下。root@hanback-desktop:/tmp#tarcf/root/tmp.tar/tmp/myshare/*.把/tmp目錄壓縮打包成tmp.tar.gz,放到/root目錄下。root@hanback-desktop:/tmp#tarzcvf/root/tmp.tar.gz/tmp/myshare/tar:從成員名中刪除開頭的“/”/tmp/myshare/testdir//tmD/mvshare/testfile.bak.比較tmp.tar和tmp.tar,gz的大小。-rw-r--r--1rootroot102402015-03-1011:49/root/tmp.tar-rw-r--r--1rootroot1682015-03-1011:524.不解包只查看壓縮包imp.tar.gz中的內(nèi)容。5.解壓tmp.tar.gz的內(nèi)容到/tmp/myshare目錄。root(ahanback-desktop:/tmp#tarzxvf/root/tmp.tar.gz-C/tmp/myshare/tmp/myshare/testdir/tmp/myshare/testfile.bak(5)進(jìn)程操作1.查看系統(tǒng)中消耗CPU資源最多的幾個(gè)進(jìn)程。

root@hanback-desktop:~#top-ss??k/1??ppsumaoapewtTcMs-ss??k/1??ppsumaoapewtTcMs-ss??k/1??ppsumaoapewtTcMs11:29:06up3:02,3users,loadaverage:0.16,0.06,TOC\o"1-5"\h\z121total,3running,117sleeping,0stopped,1-ss??k/1??ppsumaoapewtTcMs:0.7%us,0.7%sy,0.0%ni,98.3%id,0.3%wa,0.0%hi,1035372ktotal,989524kused,45848kfree,30923191234567538872798rootrootrootrootrootrootrootrootrootroot2020202015RT15RT1515mmm2o0000o36891116mm4oooo0o0343191234567538872798rootrootrootrootrootrootrootrootrootroot2020202015RT15RT1515mmm2o0000o36891116mm4oooo0o03410.00.00.00.00.00.00.00.20.00.00.00.00.00.0rooTenanoacK-aesKTop:?#ps-eiSTIMErTTYTIMECMDUIDPIDPPIDroot1008:26?00:00:01/sbin/initroot2008:26700:00:00[kthreadd]root3208:26?00:00:00[migration/0]root4208:26?00:00:00[ksoftirqd/0]root5208:26700:00:00[watchdog/0]root6208:26700:00:00[events/0]root7208:26700:00:00[khelper]root41208:26?00:00:00(kblockd/013.查找ssh服務(wù)守護(hù)進(jìn)程的進(jìn)程1D號(hào)。root@nanbacK?desKtop：~#ps-eT|grepssndroot2079420714011:34pts/10。：。0:00qrepsshd4.假設(shè)ssh服務(wù)守護(hù)進(jìn)程出現(xiàn)了問(wèn)題，則殺掉該進(jìn)程。root@hanback-desktop:*#kill20714root@hanback-desktop:#6、實(shí)驗(yàn)思考題一、目錄操作.如何一次性創(chuàng)建1個(gè)子目錄樹？用mkdir命令加一p參數(shù).絕對(duì)途徑與相對(duì)途徑的區(qū)別是如何的?何時(shí)使用相對(duì)途徑比較方便？絕對(duì)途徑：是指文獻(xiàn)在硬盤上真正存在的路。相對(duì)途徑:就是相對(duì)于自己的目的文獻(xiàn)位置。要使用的途徑距離你當(dāng)前所在途徑不遠(yuǎn)時(shí)，使用相對(duì)途徑就比較方便。二、文獻(xiàn)操作.mv與cp有何區(qū)別?mv是移動(dòng)文獻(xiàn)。cp是復(fù)制文獻(xiàn)。.如何給目錄創(chuàng)建符號(hào)鏈接？可認(rèn)為目錄創(chuàng)建硬鏈接嗎？使用1n命令。不可以。三、查找過(guò)濾操作.find與1ocate有何區(qū)別？find是通過(guò)遍歷目錄“動(dòng)態(tài)”查找文獻(xiàn)，locate是根據(jù)預(yù)先通過(guò)updatedb命令產(chǎn)生的文獻(xiàn)索引來(lái)定位文獻(xiàn),假如在updatedb后你有新增長(zhǎng)的文獻(xiàn)，locate是無(wú)法找到的，而find不需要預(yù)先生成索引，所以總能找至&但是find的速度沒(méi)有l(wèi)ocate快。.管道的工作原理是如何的？在Linux中，管道是一種使用非常