動詞的時態(tài)語法專題

基本概念時態(tài)是一種動詞形式，它是“時”和“體”的組合?，F(xiàn)在過去將來過去將來dodidwilldowoulddo一般體進行體完成體完成進行體dobedoinghavedonehavebeendoing

時時態(tài)體現(xiàn)在過去將來過去將來一般一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時一般將來時過去將來時進行現(xiàn)在進行時過去時行時將來進行時過去將來進行時完成現(xiàn)在完成時過去完成時將來完成時過去將來完成時完成進行現(xiàn)在完成進行時過去完成進行時將來完成進行時過去將來完成進行時do/doesdidwilldowoulddoam/is/aredoingwas/weredoingwillbedoingwouldbedoinghave/hasdonehaddonewillhavedonewouldhavedonehave/hasbeendoinghadbeendoingwillhavebeendoingwouldhavebeendoing

基本概念

一般體基本用法1.一般現(xiàn)在時1)構成：一般現(xiàn)在時的謂語動詞用動詞原形，在第三人稱單數(shù)主語后動詞要加-s/-es(be用am/is/are;have用have/has)。2)用法：①表示目前的情況或狀態(tài)。China_____(be)adevelopingcountry.②表示經(jīng)常性的、習慣性的動作，常與表示頻度的時間狀語連用如：frequently,rarely,occasionally等連用。I_____(live)farawayfrommyparents,soIonly_____(go)toseethemoccasionally.③表示客觀真理、客觀存在及自然現(xiàn)象，此用法即使出現(xiàn)在過去語境中，也用一般現(xiàn)在時。

Ourteachertoldusthattheearth_____(go)aroundthesun.islivegogoes④表示按時間表或安排將要發(fā)生的動作。Theshop______(open)at9:00inthemorningandIwillsetoutat8:00.⑤在時間狀語從句和條件狀語從句中，主句用一般將來時，則從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來。Ifhe______(come)thisafternoon,we’llhaveameeting.⑥用于here,there開頭的倒裝句中，表示現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。There_____(go)thebell. Here______(come)thebus.【注意】在句型seetoit,makesure/certainthat…等后面的that…分句中用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時。Makesureyou______(come)backsoon.openscomesgoescomescome

一般體基本用法

高考經(jīng)典①—When____________(hecome)again? —Whenhe_______(come),I'llletyouknow.(M88)②—CanIhelpyou,sir?(N96)—Yes,Iboughtthisradiohereyesterday,butit____________(notwork).③I_____(play)ping-pongquitewell,butIhaven'thadtimetoplaysincethenewyear.(N01)④—Whatareyougoingtodothisafternoon?(CQ05)—Iamgoingtothecinemawithsomefriends.Thefilm________(finish)quiteearly,sowearegoingtothebookstoreafterthat.⑤Assoonashecomesback,I’lltellhimwhenyou_________(come)andseehim.(BJ05)⑥Ithinkitisnecessaryformy19-year-oldsontohavehisownmobilephone,forIsometimeswanttomakesureifhe__________(come)homefordinner.(LN06)willhecomecomesdoesn’tworkplayfinisheswillcomewillcome2.一般過去時1)構成：一般過去時表示過去的狀態(tài)和動作，常有表示過去的時間狀語，其的謂語動詞用過去式（be用was/were；have用had）：2)用法：①表示過去發(fā)生的事情、存在的狀態(tài)、過去的習慣動作。He________(work)inmymother’scompanylastyear.LiMeialways_______(go)toschoolonfootlastyear.②描述幾個相繼發(fā)生的動作，盡管有先后，都用一般過去時，最后兩個動詞用and連接。He_______(open)thedoor,_____(put)thebooksontheshelfand________(return).③在時間、條件、方式、讓步狀語從句中，用一般過去時代替過去將來時。Hetoldmethathewouldn’tgobackuntilhismother________(return).workedwentopenedputreturnedreturned

一般體基本用法

高考經(jīng)典①—Wecouldhavewalkedtothestation.Itwassonear.(M92)—Yes.Ataxi______(benot)atallnecessary.②—Yourphonenumberagain?I________(donot)quitecatchit.—It's9568442.(N95)③Helen_________(leave)herkeysintheofficesoshehadtowaituntilherhusband_______(come)home.(N96)④—Nancyisnotcomingtonight.(N98)—Butshe__________(promise)!⑤Allmorningasshewaitedforthemedicalreportfromthedoctor,hernervousness_______(grow).(N03)⑥ItissaidinthebookthatThomasEdison(1847—1931)______(be)theworldleadinginventorforsixtyyears.(L04)wasn’tdidn’thadleftcamepromisedgrewwas3.一般將來時1）一般將來時表示將要發(fā)生的動作或事情，常由“shall/will+動詞原形”構成。①用以表示對未來事物的預料，事物的必然趨勢。We_________(start)tolearnanotherbooknextweek.②表示將來，有時暗含偶然性、臨時起意要做某事。—Someoneisknockingatthedoor.—I_________(answer)it.2）begoingtodo①表示打算在最近或?qū)碜瞿呈?，這種打算往往經(jīng)過事先考慮。Iwanttoknowwhatyou______________(do)afterschool.②表示“預見”，即有跡象表明要發(fā)生某事。Lookatthesedarkclouds—it______________(rain).willstartwillansweraregoingtodoisgoingtorain

一般體基本用法3）betodo①表示吩咐、命令、禁止、可能性等。He___________(attend)themeeting.Smoking_________________(notallow)here.②用于條件句表示“想要”，相當于want。Ifyou___________(pass)thetest,youhavetotrainhard.4）一些表示趨向行為的瞬間動詞如come,go,arrive,leave,begin,start常用現(xiàn)在進行時表示按計劃、安排、約定就要發(fā)生的動作。I__________(go)shoppingwithAnn.Doyouwanttogowithus?5）一般現(xiàn)在時常用來表示一般將來時。（參見一般現(xiàn)在時④⑤）Thetrain_______(start)atnineinthemorning.istoattendisn’ttobeallowedaretopassamgoingstarts

一般體基本用法

高考經(jīng)典①Ifcitynoises___________(notkeep)fromincreasing,people__________(haveto)shouttobeheardevenatthedinnertable20yearsfromnow.(M92)②Eitheryouortheheadmaster_____________(handout)theprizestothosegiftedstudentsatthemeeting.(S94)③Ifaman____________(succeed),hemustworkashardashecan.(S95)④—You'veleftthelighton. —Oh,soIhave.I________(go)andturnitoff.(N2000)⑤Let’skeeptothepointorwe_______________(neverreach)anydecisions.(N04)⑥Becausetheshop______________(closedown),alltheT-shirtsaresoldathalfprice.(Z04)⑦—I_________________(leave)attheendofthismonth.(BJ06)—Idon’tthinkyoushoulddothatuntilyou__________(find)anotherjob.arenotkeptwillhavetoistohandoutistosucceedwillgowillneverreachisclosingdownamgoingtoleavehavefound4.過去將來時

過去將來時表示從過去看將來要發(fā)生的動作或過去的意圖、打算等，常用should/woulddo、was/weregoingtodo、was/weretodo等動詞形式。Hissistertoldhimthatshe_________(be)backonTuesday.wouldbe

高考經(jīng)典①Wewereallsurprisedwhenhemadeitclearthathe___________(leave)officesoon.(M93)②—Alice,whydidn'tyoucomeyesterday?(N97)—I____________,butIhadanunexpectedvisitor.③—WhatwereyoudoingwhenTonyphonedyou?(T04)—Ihadjustfinishedmyworkand____________(start)totakeashower.wouldleavewasgoingtowasstarting

一般體基本用法

進行體基本用法1.現(xiàn)在進行時1）構成：現(xiàn)在進行時表示現(xiàn)在這一時刻或近階段內(nèi)正在進行的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，具有持續(xù)性、暫時性和未完成性的特點，由“am/is/are+現(xiàn)在分詞”構成。2）用法：①表示說話時正在進行或尚未完成的動作或狀態(tài)。They____________(play)cardsnow.②表示現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作或發(fā)生的事，雖然此時此刻動作不一定在進行，常與thesedays,thisweek等時間狀態(tài)。We____________(make)modelplanesthesedays.③表示此時此刻某一動作不斷地重復。Theboy_____________(jump)withjoy.④現(xiàn)在進行時與always,continually,constantly,forever,allthetime等連用，表示說話者的一種感情色彩，如同情、責備、好奇、不滿、贊賞等。She_____________________(alwayscomplain).她老是抱怨。I__________________(simplylove)ithere.我簡直愛上了這兒的一切。areplayingaremakingisjumpingisalwayscomplainingamsimplyloving【注意】有些動詞不用于進行時態(tài)，常見的有：①感覺類：look,smell,feel,sound,taste,see,hear等。Thesouptastesgood.(不可說：Thesoupistastinggood.)②情感類：like,love,prefer,admire,hate,fear,adore等。Ilovemydadandmum.(不可說：Iamlovingmydadandmum.)③心態(tài)類：wish,hope,expect,want,need,believe,think,understand,agree,know,remember,forget等。Idon’tbelievemyeyes.（不可說：Iamnotbelievingmyeyes.）④表示存在狀態(tài)的詞：appear,lie(位于),remain,belong,have等。ThosebooksbelongtoMrLi.（不可說：ThosebooksarebelongingtoMrLi.）

進行體基本用法①Selectingamobilephoneforpersonaluseisnoeasytaskbecausetechnology__________(change)sorapidly.②—What’sthatterriblenoise?(B04)—Theneighbors____________(prepare)foraparty.③—Areyoustillbusy?(ZJ05)—yes,I______________(justfinish)mywork,anditwon’ttakelong.④ProfessorWilliamskeepstellinghisstudentsthatthefuture_______(belong)tothewell-educated.(09CQ)

高考經(jīng)典ischangingarepreparingamjustfinishingbelongs2.過去進行時1）構成：過去進行時主要表示過去某個時刻或某一段時間里正在進行的動作，由“was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞”構成。2）用法：①表示過去某個時刻正在進行的動作或某一段時間內(nèi)一直在進行的動作。He_____________(watch)TVatthistimeyesterday.②與always,continually,forever等連用，表示不耐煩等感情色彩。She______________(alwayslie)tousinthepast.③hope,want,wonder,think等詞用過去進行時表示有禮貌的請求。I______________(wonder)ifyoucouldanswermyquestions.④過去進行時有時可用在賓語從句中，表示在過去預計、安排未來要發(fā)生的動作。Shetoldmethatshe___________(come)thisweek.waswatchingwasalwayslyingwaswonderingwascoming

進行體基本用法

高考經(jīng)典①Mary___________(make)adresswhenshecutherfinger.(N91)②Shirley___________(write)abookaboutChinalastyearbutIdon'tknowwhethershehasfinishedit(N98)③—Hey,lookwhereareyougoing!(N99)—Oh,I'mterriblysorry.I_____________(notnotice).④—Excuseme,sir.Wouldyoudomeafavor?(B02)—Ofcourse.Whatisit?—I______________(wonder)ifyoucouldtellmehowtofilloutthisform.wasmakingwaswritingwasn’tnoticingwaswondering3.將來進行時1)將來進行時，由“shall/willbe+現(xiàn)在分詞”構成，表示將來某時刻正在進行的或持續(xù)的動作，常表示事情的發(fā)展是由表現(xiàn)情況所決定的。I____________(fly)toBeijingthistimetomorrow.2)將來進行時可以用來表示對將來某種情況的比較肯定的預測。Theroses______________(come)outsoon.3)過去將來進行時，由“should/wouldbe+現(xiàn)在分詞”構成，表示從過去某時看將來某時正在進行的動作。和過去將來時類似，也常表示計劃中的事。HeaskedmewhatI_______________(do)whenhecamethenextday.willbeflyingwillbecomingwouldbedoing

進行體基本用法

高考經(jīng)典①—Guesswhat,we’vegotourvisasforashort-termvisittotheUKthissummer.(2010FJ)—Hownice!You__________________(experience)adifferentculturethen.②Ifyouplantwatermelonseedsinthespring,you___________(eat)freshwatermeloninthefall.(2010ZJ)willbeexperiencingwillbeeating

完成體基本用法1.現(xiàn)在完成時1）構成：現(xiàn)在完成時由“have/has+過去分詞”構成。2）用法：①表示過去發(fā)生的動作或事情對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響或結(jié)果，著眼點在現(xiàn)在。We____________(buy)acamera.（含義是現(xiàn)在已有相機了）②表示從過去某個時間開始，延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并可能延續(xù)下去的動作，常與for,since引導的時間狀語連用，句中動詞必須為延續(xù)性動詞。He_________(live)inAmericaforfiveyears.③表示在說話前多次反復的動作。例如：Thetelephone_________(ring)fourtimesinthelasthour.haveboughthaslivedhasrung【注意】①句型It/Thisisthefirsttimethat…及“It/Thisisthebest/worst/mostinteresting…+名詞+that…”中的從句要用現(xiàn)在完成時。Itisthefirsttimethathe_________(take)partintheOlympicGames.Thisisthemostinterestingnovelhe______________(everwrite).②某些非延續(xù)性動詞，在現(xiàn)在完成時中，不能同表示一段時間的狀語連用，必須用時要做一定的變化。Hisfather_____________(die)forthreeyears/sincethreeyearsago.【辨析】（1）inthepast與inthepastfewyearsinthepast,“在過去”，為一般過去時的時間狀語，而in/during/overthepast/lastfewyears,“在過去的幾年當中”，為現(xiàn)在完成時的時間狀語。Women_____________(look)downuponinthepast.Inthepastfewyearsalot_____________(do)intherecoveryofournationaleconomy.hastakenhaseverwrittenhasbeendeadwerelookedhasbeendone

完成體基本用法（2）since從句一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時用法辨析:since從句用一般過去時，與現(xiàn)在完成時連用，意為“自……以來”。since從句謂語動詞若是延續(xù)性的，則表示自該動作中止以來，若為瞬間的，則表示自該動作以來。試比較：Itisfiveyearssincehestoppedsmoking.(意思是：_________________)Itisfiveyearssincehesmoked.(意思是：_________________)（3）havegoneto與havebeento兩者均可后接地點，前者表示到某地去了，強調(diào)說話的時候去某地的人不在現(xiàn)場，主語為第三人稱，后者表示曾經(jīng)去過某地，通?？膳c表示次數(shù)的狀語連用。ShehasbeentoEuropetwice.(意思是：_______________)ShehasgonetoEurope.(意思是：____________)自他戒煙已有5年了他不吸煙已有5年了她去過歐洲兩次她去歐洲了

完成體基本用法①—Where_____________(youput)therecorder?Ican'tseeitanywhere.(M88)—I_____(put)itrighthere,butnowit'sgone.②—Doyouknowourtownatall? —No,thisisthefirsttimeI__________(be)here.(M92)③—I'msorrytokeepyouwaiting.(N94)—Oh,notatall.I__________(be)hereonlyafewminutes.④—Howareyoutoday?(N2000)—Oh,I___________(notfeel)asillasIdonowforaverylongtime.

高考經(jīng)典haveyouputputhavebeenhavebeenhaven’tfelt

高考經(jīng)典⑤IwonderwhyJenny_____________(notwrite)usrecently.Weshouldhaveheardfromherbynow.(N02)⑥Withtherapidgrowthofpopulation,thecity__________(spread)inalldirectionsinthepastfiveyears.⑦Hewashopingtogoabroadbuthisparents____________(decide)thattheywon’tsupporthimunlesshecanborrowmoneyfromthebank.(HB05)⑧Mybrotherisanactor.He_____________(appear)inseveralfilmssofar.(ZJ05)⑨I______(live)inLondonformanyyears,butI’veneverregrettedmyfinaldecisiontomovebacktoChina.(CQ06)hasn’twrittenhasspreadhavedecidedhasappearedlived2.過去完成時1）構成：過去完成時的謂語構成為：had+過去分詞。2）用法：①表示在過去某一時刻或某一動作之前已完成的動作或狀態(tài)，即“過去的過去”，句中常用“bytheendof+過去某一時間”或before,when等引導的時間狀語。I_____________(learn)2,000EnglishwordsbeforeIcamehere.Hegothomeandsuddenlyrealizedthathe________(leave)hiskeyintheoffice.②hope,think,intend,mean,plan,want,expect,wish等動詞用過去完成時表示未曾實現(xiàn)的愿望、意圖、承諾、打算等，含有某種惋惜。We_____________(plan)toplayfootball,butitrainedheavily.【注意】①過去完成時必須以過去某一時刻為基點，即“過去的過去”，因此只有在和過去某時或某動作相比較時才用到它。②nosooner…than…,hardly…when…引導時間狀語從句時，主句用過去完成時。Nosooner_______________(hearrive)thanthetrouble_______(start).hadlearnedhadlefthadplannedhadhearrivedstarted

完成體基本用法

高考經(jīng)典①Theyaskedmetohaveadrinkwiththem.IsaidthatitwasatleasttenyearssinceI____________(enjoy)agooddrink.(M88)②Tomwasdisappointedthatmostoftheguests________(leave)whenhe_______(arrive)attheparty.(M89)③ThepenI________(think)I________(lose)isonmydesk,rightundermynose.(M93)④—Howlong______________(theyknow)eachotherbeforethey____(get)married?(N93)—Foraboutayear.⑤—DidLindaseethetrafficaccident?(TJ06)—No,nosooner____________(shego)thanithappened.hadenjoyedhadleftarrivedthoughthadlosthadtheyknowngothadshegone3.將來完成時

將來完成時主要表示將來某時間點將會完成的動作，并對將來某一時間產(chǎn)生過影響。其構成為：shall/willhave+過去分詞，有時句中可出現(xiàn)類似bytheendofnextweek的時間狀語。We________________(finish)ourprojectbytheendofthismonth.Byseveno’clockthiseveningwe____________(get)toNanjingifthetrainworkswell.①BythetimeJanegetshome,heraunt____________(leave)forLondontoattendameeting.(TJ05)②Onhernextbirthday,Ann____________________(marry)fortwentyyears.(TJ2011)

高考經(jīng)典willhavefinishedwillhavegotwillhaveleftwillhavebeenmarried

完成體基本用法

完成進行體基本用法1.現(xiàn)在完成進行時：表示一個從過去某時開始發(fā)生，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并可能延續(xù)下去的動作。其構成為：has/have+been+現(xiàn)在分詞。She________________(work)allthemorning.We__________________(study)Englishforfiveyears.2.過去完成進行時：表示過去某個時間之前一直在進行的動作。其構成為：had+been+現(xiàn)在分詞。Shetoldmethatshe________________(write)astorybutshehadn’tfinished.hasbeenworkinghavebeenstudyinghadbeenwriting

高考經(jīng)典①Nowthatsheisoutofajob,Lucy___________________(consider)goingbacktoschool,butshehasn’tdecidedyet.(B04)②Iwon’ttellthestudenttheanswertothemathproblemuntilhe_______________(work)onitformorethananhour.(HB06)③—Ihavegotaheadache.(JX07)—Nowonder.You________________(work)infrontofthatcomputertoolong.④Thecrazyfans________________(wait)patientlyfortwohours,andtheywouldwaittillthemoviestararrived.⑤They________________(work)ontheprogramforalmostoneweekbeforeIjoinedthem,andnowwe_______________(stillwork)onitasnogoodresultshavecomeoutsofar.(JS05)hasbeenconsideringhasbeenworkinghavebeenworkinghadbeenwaitinghadbeenworkingarestillworking

基本用法時態(tài)呼應在復合句中，從句（特別是賓語從句）中的動詞時態(tài)通常要根據(jù)主句中動詞的時態(tài)而定，以表示兩者之間的時間關系，這種以動詞的時態(tài)來表示兩者之間時間關系的現(xiàn)象，語法上稱之為時態(tài)呼應，又叫時態(tài)的一致。其基本原則是：①如果主句謂語動詞是現(xiàn)在時或?qū)頃r，從句可根據(jù)需要選用時態(tài)。Ithinkhehasgonetothedoctor’s.②如果主句謂語動詞是一般過去時，則從句要用與過去有關的時態(tài)。Hesaidhewasdoinghishomeworkatthattime.

基本用法【注意】如果從句敘述的是某個真理、不變的事實或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在或?qū)砣匀挥行У氖虑椋瑒t從句要用現(xiàn)在的某種時態(tài)。Grandmothersaidnothingisimpossibletoawillingheart.Hesaidthattheearthisround.

高考經(jīng)典①Hello,I___________(notknow)you_____(be)inLondon.Howlonghaveyoubeenhere?(M88)②—Hurryup!AliceandSuearewaitingforyouattheschoolgate.(JX05)—Oh!Ithoughtthey_________(go)withoutme.③Monthsagowesailedtenthousandmilesacrossthisopensea,which________(call)thePacific,andwemetnostorms.(LN05)didn’tknowwerehadgoneiscalled

題組訓練1語法填空1.Planningsofarahead

(make)nosense—somanythingswillhavechangedbynextyear.2.Experimentsofthiskind

(conduct)inboththeU.S.andEuropewellbeforetheSecondWorldWar.3.—BobhasgonetoCalifornia.—Oh，canyoutellmewhenhe

(leave)?4.Didyoupredictthatmanystudents

(sign)upforthedancecompetition?makeshadbeenconductedleftwouldsign5.—Ihearyou

(work)inapub.What’sitlike?—Well，it’sveryhardworkandI’malwaystired，butIdon’tmind.6.—Ididn’taskforthenamelist.Why

it

(land)onmydesk?—Iputittherejustnowincaseyouneededit.7.Themanagerwasworriedaboutthepressconferencehisassistant__________(give)inhisplacebut，luckily，everythingwasgoingonsmoothly.8.—Thatmusthavebeenalongtrip.—Yeah，it

(take)usawholeweektogetthere.areworkinghaslanded

題組訓練1wasgivingtook動詞的被動語態(tài)的構成方式：be＋過去分詞，口語中也用“get/become＋過去分詞”表示。被動語態(tài)的基本用法：不知道或沒必要提到動作的執(zhí)行者是誰時用被動語態(tài)；強調(diào)或突出動作的承受者常用被動語態(tài)(by短語有時可以省略)。

時時態(tài)體現(xiàn)在過去將來過去將來一般一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時一般將來時過去將來時進行現(xiàn)在進行時過去時行時將來進行時過去將來進行時完成現(xiàn)在完成時過去完成時將來完成時過去將來完成時完成進行現(xiàn)在完成進行時過去完成進行時將來完成進行時過去將來完成進行時am/is/aredonewas/weredonewillbedonewouldbedoneam/is/arebeingdonewas/werebeingdonewillbebeingdonewouldbebeingdonehas/havebeendonehadbeendonewillhavebeendonewouldhavebeendonehas/havebeenbeingdonehadbeenbeingdonewillhavebeenbeingdonewouldhavebeenbeingdone

基本概念1.使用被動語態(tài)時應注意的幾個問題。(1)主動變?yōu)楸粍訒r雙賓語的變化。Myfriendgavemeaninterestingbookonmybirthday.Aninterestingbookwasgiventome(bymyfriend)onmybirthday.Iwasgivenaninterestingbook(bymyfriend)onmybirthday.(2)主動變?yōu)楸粍訒r，賓語成主語；(作補語的)不定式前需加to(位置不變)。Thebossmadehimworkalldaylong.Hewasmadetoworkalldaylong(bytheboss).(3)短語動詞變被動語態(tài)時，勿要掉“尾巴”。Thechildrenweretakengoodcareof(byher).Yourpronunciationandspellingshouldbepaidattentionto.(4)情態(tài)動詞，begoingto，beto，besureto，haveto等結(jié)構變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，只需將它們后面的動詞原形變?yōu)閎e＋過去分詞。(5)當句子的謂語為say，believe，expect，think，know，write，consider，report等時，被動語態(tài)有兩種形式：①謂語動詞用被動語態(tài)，動詞不定式作主補。②用it作形式主語，真正的主語在后面用主語從句來表示。Peoplesayheisasmartboy.Heissaidtobeasmartboy.Itissaidthatheisasmartboy.PeopleknowpaperwasmadeinChinafirst.PaperwasknowntobemadeinChinafirst.ItisknownthatpaperwasmadeinChinafirst.類似句型有：Itissaid/known/suggested/believed/hoped/thoughtthat...語法填空1.Inthenearfuture，moreadvancesintherobottechnology____________(make)byscientists.2.Inthelastfewyearsthousandsoffilms_________________(produce)allovertheworld.3.Allvisitorstothisvillage

(treat)withkindness.

題組訓練2willbemadehavebeenproducedaretreated4.Thecomputer

(repair)bytomorrow.5.Theycan’tmoveintothehousebecauseit_________

_______(paint)now.mightberepairedisbeingpainted2.不能用被動語態(tài)的幾種情況。(1)所有的不及物動詞或不及物動詞詞組不能用于被動語態(tài)之中。(2)表示狀態(tài)的謂語動詞，如：last，hold，contain，fit，cost等。(3)表示歸屬的動詞，如have，own，belongto等。(4)表示“希望、意圖”的動詞，如：wish，want，hope，like，love，hate等。(5)賓語是反身代詞或相互代詞時謂語動詞用主動語態(tài)，不能用被動語態(tài)。(6)賓語是同源賓語、不定式、動名詞等謂語動詞不用被動語態(tài)。3.主動形式表被動意義。(1)當feel，look，smell，taste，sound等后面接形容詞時；當cut，read，sell，wear，write等帶狀語修飾語時；當動詞表示“開始、結(jié)束、關、停、轉(zhuǎn)、啟動”等意義時。Thefishsmellsgood.Thiskindofclothwasheseasily.Thesenovelswon’tsellwell.Mypenwritessmoothly.Thedoorwon’tlock.(2)當breakout，takeplace，shutoff，turnoff，workout等動詞表示“發(fā)生、關閉、結(jié)果”等意思時。Theplanworkedoutsuccessfully.Thelampsonthewallturnoff.(3)want，require，need后面的動名詞用主動形式表示被動含義。(4)beworthdoing用主動形式表示被動含義。(5)在“be＋形容詞＋todo”中，不定式的邏輯賓語是句子的主語，用主動代被動。Thiskindofwaterisn’tfittodrink.Thegirlisn’teasytogetalongwith.注意：betoblame(受譴責)，betorent(出租)也用主動形式表被動。4.被動形式表示主動意義的幾種情況。beseated坐著；behidden躲藏；belost迷路；bedrunk喝醉；bedressed穿著5.被動語態(tài)與系表結(jié)構的區(qū)別。此處的系表結(jié)構指“連系動詞＋用作表語的過去分詞”結(jié)構，它與被動語態(tài)的形式完全一樣。要注意它們的區(qū)別：被動語態(tài)強調(diào)動作；系表結(jié)構表示主語的特點或狀態(tài)。Thebookwassoldbyacertainbookstore.(被動語態(tài))Thebookiswellsold.(系表結(jié)構)1.Hebrokethewindow，sohe

(該受責備).2.Thenewcar

(屬于)hisbrother.3.Thereissomethingwrongwithhiscomputerandit_______

____________________________(需要修理).4.ThenewnovelwrittenbyMoYanis

(值得一讀).5.Thiskindofcake

(嘗起來美味)and

(銷路好).

題組訓練3wastoblamebelongstoneedsrepai