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Unit3

Celebration慶祝

佳作選登(2011·全國(guó)高考)[話(huà)題]你在英國(guó)學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)期間遇到困難,向?qū)W校輔導(dǎo)中心求助。[體裁]求助信DearSir/Madam,I’mLiHua,aChinesestudenttakingsummercoursesinyouruniversity.I’mwritingtoaskforhelp.Icameherelastmonthandfoundmycoursesinteresting.ButIhavesomedifficultieswithnote-takingandIhavenoideaofhowtousethelibrary.IwastoldtheLearningCenterprovideshelpforstudentsandI’manxioustogethelpfromyou.IhavenoclassonTuesdaymorningsandFridayafternoons.PleaseletmeknowwhichdayisOKwithyou.Youmayemailorphoneme.Herearemyemailaddressandphonenumber:lihua@1236.com;12345678.Lookforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua◎

經(jīng)典例句[亮點(diǎn)展示]1.askforhelp請(qǐng)求幫助2.providehelpfor...為……提供幫助3.beanxioustodosth.急于干某事4.emailsb.給某人寫(xiě)電子郵件[佳句展示]1.ButIhavesomedifficultieswithnote-takingandIhavenoideaofhowtousethelibrary.但是我在記筆記方面有困難,我也不知道如何用圖書(shū)館。(變式)?IhavesometroubleintakingnotesandIdon’tknowthewayofusingthelibrary.2.PleaseletmeknowwhichdayisOKwithyou.請(qǐng)讓我知道哪天與你預(yù)約合適。(變式)?Wouldyoubesokindastotellmewhichdayisallright?1.

vt.破壞;毀壞2.

n.接待;招待會(huì)3.

n.典禮,儀式4.

vt.出席,參加;照料;上(學(xué))5.

vt.吞下;咽下6.

n.混亂,臟亂destroyreceptionceremonyattendswallowmess7.

n.畢業(yè)→graduatev.8.

n.獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金→scholarn.學(xué)者9.

n.場(chǎng)合→occasionaladj.偶然的10.

vt.包括,包含→includingprep.包括→includedadj.包括在內(nèi)的11.

n.慶祝,慶典→celebratev.12.

n.動(dòng)力,權(quán)力,影響力→powerfuladj.強(qiáng)大的13.

n.黑暗,漆黑→darkadj.graduationscholarshipoccasionincludecelebrationpowerdarkness14.

vt.裝飾,布置→decorationn.15.

vt.招待;侍候;服務(wù)→servicen.裝飾,服務(wù)→servantn.仆人;職員;公務(wù)員16.

n.傳統(tǒng),慣例→traditionaladj.傳統(tǒng)的→traditionallyadv.17.

vi.退休→retirementn.18.

vt.申請(qǐng);應(yīng)用→applicantn.申請(qǐng)人19.

n.祝賀→congratulatev.祝賀20.

n.入口→enterv.進(jìn)入→entryn.進(jìn)入decorateservetraditionretireapplycongratulationentrance21.

n.請(qǐng)柬,邀請(qǐng)→invitevt.邀請(qǐng)→invitingadj.誘人的22.

vt.捐獻(xiàn),貢獻(xiàn)→contributionn.貢獻(xiàn)23.

adv.認(rèn)真地,真誠(chéng)地→seriousadj.認(rèn)真的,嚴(yán)肅的24.

n.生產(chǎn),制造→producevt.→productn.產(chǎn)品→producen.農(nóng)產(chǎn)品25.

adv.不幸地→unfortunateadj.不幸的→fortunen.幸運(yùn)invitationcontributeseriouslyproductionunfortunately1.

燒毀2.

參加,參與3.

請(qǐng)求,申請(qǐng)4.

根據(jù),依據(jù)5.

即使6.

給……吹氣7.

舉起,建造8.

繼續(xù),堅(jiān)持burndowntakepartinapplyfordependonevenif/thoughblowupputupcarryon9.

也10.

一點(diǎn)兒11.

撲滅12.

洗掉,沖走13.

化裝,打扮14.

醒著aswellabitofputoutwashawaydressupstayawake1.sb./sth.besaidtodosth.據(jù)說(shuō)某人/某物做某事Onthisday,themoon________________________________(據(jù)說(shuō)是)itsbiggestandbrightest.答案:

issaidtobe2.sth.marksthebeginning/endof...某物標(biāo)志著……的開(kāi)始/結(jié)束Asitisinearlysummer,it________________________________________________________________________________(標(biāo)志著一年中最熱的季節(jié)的開(kāi)始).答案:

marksthebeginningofthehottestseasonoftheyear3.not...everything...部分否定Don’tworryifyou________________________(不懂的東西).答案:

can’tunderstandeverything4.a(chǎn)symbolof...……的象征Alongsilkribbonthatlinksthecrownsis________________________________________________________________(長(zhǎng)久而幸福生活的象征)forthecouple.答案:

asymbolofalongandhappylife5.表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)主句完全倒裝________________________________________________________________________(長(zhǎng)筒襪放在床的底部),nowfullofallkindsofsmallpresentsandsweets.答案:

Atthebottomofthebedwasthestocking

occasionn.時(shí)機(jī);機(jī)會(huì)(=chance);場(chǎng)合;(重大)時(shí)刻回歸課本P36:TheMid-AutumnFestivalisimportantbecauseitisaspecialoccasionforfamily.onoccasion(s)(=occasionally)有時(shí),間或,偶爾onthis/thatoccasion在此時(shí)/彼時(shí)ongreatoccasions在重大時(shí)刻ontheoccasionof...值……之際taketheoccasiontodosth.抓住機(jī)會(huì)做……①TheyoungmancametoseemeonlyonoccasionforhewasbusyinpracticingoralEnglishthen.這小伙子那時(shí)正忙于練習(xí)英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ),只是偶爾來(lái)看我。②Themurdererwasarrestedontheoccasionofescapingfromthespot.殺人犯在逃離現(xiàn)場(chǎng)時(shí)被逮捕。③I’mpleasedtosaywe’veneverhadanoccasiontoattendtheroyalconcert.我很高興地說(shuō),我們從來(lái)沒(méi)有機(jī)會(huì)參加這種皇家音樂(lè)會(huì)。④OntheoccasionofcelebratingtheSpringFestival,Iwanttoexpressmygratitudetoallmembersforyourcontributiontoourcompany.借此慶祝春節(jié)之際,我想為大家對(duì)公司作出的貢獻(xiàn)表示感謝。⑤Youreighteenthbirthdayisanimportantoccasionwhenyoulegallybecomeanadult.十八歲生日是一個(gè)重要的日子,因?yàn)榉缮夏阋咽且粋€(gè)成人。

include

vt.包括,包含;把……包括在內(nèi)①Thetourincludedavisittotheparkwhichliesinthewestofthecapitalcity.這次觀光包括去首都西邊的那個(gè)公園。②Yourdutiesincludetypinglettersandansweringthetelephone.你的職責(zé)是打信件和接電話(huà)。③Sixpeoplewerekilledintheterribleaccident,including2policemen/2policemenincluded.可怕的事故中六人喪生,包括2名警察。辨析:include與contain(1)include包括,側(cè)重被包含者只是整體中的一部分。(2)contain包括,側(cè)重“整體內(nèi)有”,指在某一范圍或容器內(nèi)能容納某物。不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。④Thecontainercontainsmanykindsoffruits,includingapples/applesincluded.這容器盛放著許多種水果,其中包括蘋(píng)果。⑤Thegirlfoundadesertedbagonthewayhome,whichcontainedapairofshoes.女孩在回家的路上發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)遺棄的包,內(nèi)裝一雙鞋子。

power

n.動(dòng)力;權(quán)力,影響力(1)inpower當(dāng)權(quán)的,在執(zhí)政outof/beyondone’spower力所不及,不能勝任cometo/intopower開(kāi)始掌權(quán);上臺(tái)(2)havethepowertodosth./ofdoingsth.有做某事的能力①I(mǎi)tiswidelyagreedthatnuclearpowershouldbepeacefullyusedallovertheworld.人們廣泛同意核能應(yīng)該在世界上被和平利用。②Asisknowntous,knowledgeispower.眾所周知,知識(shí)就是力量。③Iwilldoeverythinginmypowertohelpyou.我將盡全力幫助你。④Thepartycameintopoweratthelastelection.這個(gè)政黨是在上次大選中當(dāng)選執(zhí)政的。

applyvt.申請(qǐng);應(yīng)用(1)apply...to...把……應(yīng)用于applyoneselfto致力于applytosb.forsth.向某人申請(qǐng)某事(2)applicantn.申請(qǐng)者applicationn.申請(qǐng);應(yīng)用①Q(mào)ianXuesenalwaysappliedhimselftoscientificresearch.錢(qián)學(xué)森一直致力于科學(xué)研究。②Professorsalwaysinstructtheirstudentstoapplytheoriestoproblems.教授們總是教導(dǎo)學(xué)生應(yīng)用理論解決問(wèn)題。③Theservantappliedtohisbossforamanagingpostintherestaurant.該職員向他的老板申請(qǐng)?jiān)陲埖甑玫揭粋€(gè)管理的職位。④Alltheapplicantsfilledintheapplicationformseriously.所有申請(qǐng)者都認(rèn)真地填寫(xiě)了申請(qǐng)表。⑤(2011·山東閱讀,C)Morestudentsareapplyingforaid,andmorefamiliesexpecttoneedstudentsloans.更多的學(xué)生申請(qǐng)幫助,而且有更多的家庭期望學(xué)生貸款。

congratulation

n.祝賀回歸課本P39:Congratulations!Youworkedhardforit/them.①Congratulationstoyouonsuccess.祝賀你成功。②Iwanttoexpressmysincerecongratulationsonyoursuccess.我想對(duì)你的成功表示誠(chéng)摯的祝賀。③I’dliketocongratulateyouonyourwonderfulperformance.祝賀你表演如此出色。

attendvt.出席;照料回歸課本P40:Everyonecanattendthereceptionafterwards.attendschool/church上學(xué)/去教堂attendawedding/funeral參加婚禮/葬禮attendameeting/lecture出席會(huì)議/聽(tīng)演講attend(on/upon)sb.服侍/照料/陪同某人attendto注意,留心;接待,招待;專(zhuān)心,努力①Unlessinvited,Iwon’tattendthemeeting.除非被邀請(qǐng),我不會(huì)參加會(huì)議。②Ihavesomeurgentbusinesstoattendto.我有一些急事要處理。③Hemuststayathometoattendonhissickwife.他得待在家里照看他生病的妻子。

contributevt.&vi.捐獻(xiàn),貢獻(xiàn),捐助;投稿回歸課本P40:Butdon’tworry,youdon’thavetocontributealotofmoney.①Therichmaniswarm-heartedandheoftencontributestocharity.那個(gè)有錢(qián)人是個(gè)熱心腸,經(jīng)常向慈善機(jī)構(gòu)捐款。②Ourteachertellsusthatexercisecontributestogoodhealth.我們的老師告訴我們鍛煉有助于身體健康。③Hehasmadegreatcontributionstoaspacedevelopmentprogram.他對(duì)太空發(fā)展計(jì)劃有很大貢獻(xiàn)。④Manypeoplecontributedmoneytothepoorboy,whichcontributedtohisreturningtoschool.Awriterwroteastoryaboutitandcontributedittoanewspaper.許多人給這個(gè)可憐的小男孩捐錢(qián),這使他重新回到了校園。一位作家寫(xiě)了一篇關(guān)于此事的文章并把它投到了報(bào)社。1.Takingpartinapublicpartyisagreatoccasion________youcanlearnhowtogetonwellwithothers.A.where B.whenC.that D.which解析:

句意為:參加公共聚會(huì)是一個(gè)你可以學(xué)會(huì)與別人好好相處的重要機(jī)會(huì)。先行詞occasion在從句中作狀語(yǔ),表示時(shí)間,用when引導(dǎo)。答案:

B2.(2012·撫順市六校聯(lián)考)Leadersshouldbecarefulnottoactbeyondtheir________anddothingsagainstthelaw.A.strength B.forceC.energy D.power解析:

句意為:領(lǐng)導(dǎo)要注意不能超越職權(quán),做出違法的事情。strength體力,力氣;force武力,暴力;energy精力;power在此意為“權(quán)力”。答案:

D3.(2011·浙江卷)I’vebeenwritingthisreport________forthelasttwoweeks,butithastobehandedintomorrow.A.finally B.immediatelyC.occasionally D.certainly解析:

句意為:我最近兩星期偶爾在寫(xiě)這份報(bào)告,但是明天得交上去了。本題考查副詞辨析。finally最后;immediately立刻,馬上,occasionally偶爾;certainly當(dāng)然。答案:

C4.(2012·淮北模擬)MyfathergivesmefivehundredyuanamonthwhichIthinkcan________allmyexpenses.A.meet B.containC.include D.cover解析:

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意為:我父親每月給我五百元,我想夠支付我所有開(kāi)銷(xiāo)了。cover有“負(fù)擔(dān),支付;夠付(費(fèi)用)”的意思。答案:

D5.(2012·延邊模擬)ItisonOctober1,2009thatthePeople’sRepublicofChina________her60thbirthday.A.congratulated B.keptC.remained D.celebrated解析:

考查動(dòng)詞辨析。celebrate慶祝,慶賀。句意為:在2009年10月1日中華人民共和國(guó)慶祝了她的60周年華誕。congratulate只接sb.。答案:

D6.Ithinkyouneedsomeoutdoorexercise.Plentyoffreshairwill________goodhealth.A.contributeto B.devotetoC.a(chǎn)pplyto D.a(chǎn)djustto解析:

考查帶to的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意為:我認(rèn)為你需要戶(hù)外鍛煉,足夠的新鮮空氣會(huì)有利于你的健康。contributeto對(duì)……作貢獻(xiàn),有助于,導(dǎo)致;devoteto奉獻(xiàn);applyto運(yùn)用;adjustto調(diào)節(jié)。答案:

A7.(上海高考)Thetwosportsmencongratulatedeachother________winningthematchbyshakinghands.A.with B.onC.in D.to解析:

句意為:這兩名運(yùn)動(dòng)員通過(guò)握手彼此祝賀贏了球賽。congratulatesb.on(doing)sth.為固定搭配,意為“祝賀某人(做了)某事”。答案:

B8.—Youarealwaysfullof________.Canyoutellmethesecret?—Takingplentyofexerciseeveryday.A.power B.strengthC.force D.energy解析:

考查名詞詞義辨析。power權(quán)力,勢(shì)力;strength力氣,優(yōu)勢(shì);force力,武力;energy精力;befullofenergy指“精力旺盛”,符合題意。答案:

D9.(全國(guó)高考)LittleJohnnyfeltthebag,curioustoknowwhatit________.A.collected B.containedC.loaded D.saved解析:

句意為:小約翰摸了一下袋子,想知道里面裝著什么東西。collect收集,搜集;contain含有,裝有;load裝載;save節(jié)省。答案:

B10.完成句子(1)—Couldyoumeetmeattheairport?—I’dliketo,butI’mafraidIwillbe______________________________(出席一個(gè)重要會(huì)議)whenyoureturn.答案:

attendingaveryimportantmeeting(2)Eatingtoomuchfatcan__________________________(導(dǎo)致心臟病)andcausehighbloodpressure.答案:

contributetoheartdiseases

takepartin參加回歸課本P36:However,inrecentyears,peoplefromothercultureshavealsotakenpartintheracesandenjoyedthefun.①Alivelyandcaringgirl,Annatakesanactivepartinsocialactivities.安娜是一個(gè)既活潑又有愛(ài)心的女孩,她積極參加社會(huì)活動(dòng)。②Areyougoingtotakepartinthediscussion?你準(zhǔn)備參加討論嗎?③WhenIwatchedthegameheencouragedmetotakepart.當(dāng)我在看比賽的時(shí)候他鼓勵(lì)我參加。辨析:join,joinin,takepartin與attend這幾個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)都有“參加”的意思,但用法不同。(1)join(becomeamemberof)指加入某個(gè)組織成為其中一員。(2)join(sb.)in指參與某項(xiàng)活動(dòng),口語(yǔ)中常與takepartin通用。(3)takepartin指參加群眾性活動(dòng)、會(huì)議等并在其中起積極作用。(4)attend是正式用語(yǔ),指參加會(huì)議、婚禮、典禮;聽(tīng)報(bào)告、講座等。一般指成為觀眾或聽(tīng)眾。

dependon依靠;依賴(lài)①Goodhealthdependsongoodfood,exerciseandgettingenoughsleep.良好的健康狀況依賴(lài)于良好的食物、運(yùn)動(dòng)和充足的睡眠。②Youmaydependonherarrivingontime.你可以相信她會(huì)準(zhǔn)時(shí)到來(lái)。③Youmaydependonitthattheywillsupportyou.你放心好了,他們會(huì)支持你的。④Meanwhileyouhavetopreparethenextquestiondependingonwhatthepersonsays.同時(shí),你還要根據(jù)被采訪(fǎng)人所說(shuō)的話(huà)準(zhǔn)備提出下一個(gè)問(wèn)題。

evenif即使回歸課本P40:Ifafriendgetsaninvitationtoawedding,youcangowithhim/her,evenifyoudon’treceiveaninvitationyourself.①Wegottotheairportontime,evenifthetrafficheldusup.即使我們遇上了堵車(chē),我們也按時(shí)到達(dá)了機(jī)場(chǎng)。②Hewilltellthetruthtothepublicevenifitmeanshewilllosehisjob.即使那意味著自己會(huì)失去工作,他也要將真相告訴公眾。③Hekeepsahabitoftakingregularexercise,eventhoughhedoesn’thavemuchsparetimeeveryday.盡管他每天沒(méi)有多少閑暇時(shí)間,他依然保持著經(jīng)常鍛煉的習(xí)慣。 putup掛起,張貼;搭建;給某人提供食宿putaside儲(chǔ)存;忽視,忘記putoff推遲;關(guān)掉(燈等)putout撲滅;生產(chǎn);制造putaway放好,收好;儲(chǔ)存putforward提出;將……提前;推薦putupwith忍受,容忍①Anewtrafficlightwillbeputupatthecrossing.在交叉路口將設(shè)立一個(gè)新的交通路燈。②Icouldputyouupforthenightifyoucan’tfindahotel.如果你找不到旅館的話(huà),我今天晚上可以留你住下。③Weputsomemoneyasideeverymonthforourretirement.我們每月都存一些錢(qián)供退休后使用。④Whenthechildrenwereathome,wehadtoputupwithalotofnoise.我們不得不容忍孩子們?cè)诩視r(shí)的吵鬧。⑤Heputforwardaverygoodsuggestionatthemeeting.他在會(huì)上提出了一個(gè)很好的建議。 carryon繼續(xù)下去;進(jìn)行carryondoing進(jìn)行carryon(with)+n.繼續(xù)……carryout履行,實(shí)施,開(kāi)展;完成(任務(wù))carryoff奪走,獲得carrythrough完成,使度過(guò)難關(guān)①Wemustcarryontillsuccessinspiteoftheextremelydifficultconditions.盡管條件極端困難,我們必須堅(jiān)持下去,直到成功。②Ifyoucarryonworkinglikethat,you’llbreakdownsoonerorlater.如果繼續(xù)那樣工作,遲早你會(huì)累垮的。③Itisadifficultjobbutsheisthepersontocarryitthrough.這是一項(xiàng)艱巨的工作,但她這個(gè)人是能順利完成的。④Ihadsomedifficultyincarryingouttheplan.實(shí)施這個(gè)計(jì)劃我有些困難。

aswell也;還,常放在句子末尾,作為副詞短語(yǔ)使用(1)aswellas意為“既……又;也,又”,可連接兩個(gè)并列成分,強(qiáng)調(diào)其前面的內(nèi)容,因此連接并列主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)與前邊的主語(yǔ)保持人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的一致。(2)aswellas也可以是well的同級(jí)比較結(jié)構(gòu),表示“和……一樣好”。(3)may/mightaswelldosth.=hadbetterdosth.最好做某事;做……倒也無(wú)妨①Ofcourse,I’lldosomereadingforfun,andforknowledgeaswell.當(dāng)然,我會(huì)讀些書(shū),為了消遣,也為了獲取知識(shí)。②Thechildrenlearntoreadandwrite;theyplaygamesaswell.孩子們讀書(shū)認(rèn)字,還玩游戲。③Theteacheraswellashisstudentsisgoingtoplanttreestomorrow.和學(xué)生一樣,這位老師明天也去植樹(shù)。④Sinceyouhavestartedthejob,youmightaswellfinishit.既然你開(kāi)了頭,不妨把它做完吧。1.—Iheardthatthefamousplayer________hiscoachwouldcometoourschoolforavisit.—Iheardthenews________.A.a(chǎn)nd;too B.a(chǎn)swellas;aswellC.a(chǎn)swellas;aswellas D.with;either解析:

aswellas連接兩個(gè)并列成分,意為“和”,相當(dāng)于and;aswell主要用于肯定句和疑問(wèn)句中,多用于口語(yǔ),一般放在句尾,表示“也”。答案:

B2.—I’lldropinonourretiredEnglishteacheronthewaytothemarket.—________thatcase,I________gowithyou,sinceI’mfreenow.A.On;mayaswell B.At;maywellC.In;mightaswell D.In;maywell解析:

inthatcase在那種情況下;may/mightaswell不妨。答案:

C3.Theexperimentshowsthatproperamountsofexercise,if________regularly,canimproveourhealth.A.beingcarriedout B.carryingoutC.carriedout D.tocarryout解析:

考查狀語(yǔ)從句的省略用法。其完整的形式為“iftheyarecarriedout...”。在if,unless,although,when,while等狀語(yǔ)從句中,當(dāng)從句主語(yǔ)和主句主語(yǔ)一致且從句中含有系動(dòng)詞be時(shí),可以將從句的主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞省略,故選C。答案:

C4.—Shallwegoforapicnictomorrowafternoon?—________It’ssaidthattheremightbeaheavyrainthen.A.Whynot? B.That’sOK.C.Goodidea. D.Itdepends.解析:

考查交際用語(yǔ)。句意為:——明天下午我們?nèi)ヒ安蛦??——看情況。據(jù)說(shuō)那時(shí)可能有大雨。Whynot?為什么不?(表示建議);That’sOK.(表示同意或批準(zhǔn));Goodidea.好主意;Itdepends.看情況而定。答案:

D5.Mymotheropenedthedrawerto________theknivesandspoons.A.putaway B.putupC.puton D.puttogether解析:

考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。句意為:我母親打開(kāi)抽屜把刀子和勺子放好。putaway放好;putup舉起;張貼;搭建;提供住宿;puton穿上,上演;puttogether把……放在一起,根據(jù)句意可知選擇A項(xiàng)。答案:

A6.(陜西高考)Anoticewas________inordertoremindthestudentsofthechangedlecturetime.A.sentup B.givenupC.setup D.putup解析:

考查putup“張貼,掛起”的用法。句意為:通知被張貼以提醒學(xué)生講座的時(shí)間更改了。sendup發(fā)出,射出,使上升;giveup放棄;setup創(chuàng)建。答案:

D7.(湖南高考)Allowchildrenthespacetovoicetheiropinions,________theyaredifferentfromyourown.A.until B.evenifC.unless D.a(chǎn)sthough解析:

句意為“給予孩子們足夠的空間提意見(jiàn),盡管他們的不同于你自己的”。答案:

B8.Youruncleseemstobeagooddriver;________,Iwouldn’tdaretotravelinhiscar.A.evenso B.eventhoughC.therefore D.so解析:

evenso副詞短語(yǔ),意為“即使這樣”。答案:

A

Onthisday,themoonissaidtobeitsbiggestandbrightest.據(jù)說(shuō)這天的月亮最大最亮。Itissaidthat-clause據(jù)說(shuō)……=sb.issaidtodosth.=Peoplesaythat-claus

①I(mǎi)tisoftensaidthatthejoyoftravelingisnotinarrivingatyourdestinationbutinthejourneyitself.人們常說(shuō)旅行的快樂(lè)不在于到達(dá)目的地,而在于旅途過(guò)程之中。②Itissaidthatanewschoolhasbeenbuiltinourhometown.=Anewschoolissaidtohavebeenbuiltinourhometown.據(jù)說(shuō)我們家鄉(xiāng)已建起了一所新學(xué)校。Itisbelieved/hoped/reportedthat...③Nearlyhalfamillionpeoplearebelievedtohavelefttheirhomesasaresultofthedisaster.人們認(rèn)為有幾乎五十萬(wàn)人因?yàn)闉?zāi)難而離開(kāi)家園。④Itishopedthattheterriblediseasewillsoonbecontrolled.人們希望這種可怕的疾病能迅速得到控制。

Mysister,Alison,andIsatdowninfrontofthefireandwrotealettertoFatherChristmastellinghimaboutallthepresentswewanted.姐姐艾莉森和我坐在火爐前,給圣誕老人寫(xiě)信,告訴他我們想要的禮物。用來(lái)解釋說(shuō)明card,notice,letter,e-mail,note,telegram等內(nèi)容的動(dòng)詞tell/say/inform等,用v.-ing形式作后置定語(yǔ),對(duì)前面的名詞內(nèi)容進(jìn)行解釋?zhuān)挥貌欢ㄊ健?/p>

①Wesentane-mailtohim,tellinghimaboutyesterday’sschoolsportsmeeting.我們給他發(fā)了電子郵件,告訴他昨天校運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)的情況。②Theygotatelephone,informingallofthemofarrivingatthedestinationbeforesunrise.他們接到一個(gè)電話(huà),通知他們?cè)谌粘銮暗竭_(dá)目的地。

Atthebottomofthebedwasthestocking,nowfullofallkindsofsmallpresentsandsweets.現(xiàn)在裝滿(mǎn)了各種各樣的小禮物和糖果的長(zhǎng)筒襪放在床的底部。表示地點(diǎn),方位的介詞短語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí),如果主語(yǔ)是名詞,則句子要完全倒裝。①Onthetopofthehillstandtwotallbuildings.山頂上矗立著兩座高樓。②BeforeGeorgeisstandingthepolicemanwhohadarrestedhimthreetimesforcarryingdrugs.站在喬治面前的是因?yàn)樗麛y帶毒品,三次逮捕他的那個(gè)警察。在以here,there,now,then,in,out,off,away,up,down等副詞開(kāi)頭的某些句子里,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是be,go,come等,并且主語(yǔ)是名詞時(shí)用完全倒裝,如果主語(yǔ)是人稱(chēng)代詞,主語(yǔ)和主要?jiǎng)釉~的詞序不變。③Foramomentnothinghappened.Thencamevoicesallshoutingtogether.一會(huì)兒什么也沒(méi)發(fā)生,接著傳來(lái)一齊的喊聲。④Hearingthedogbarkingfiercely,awayfledthethief.聽(tīng)到狗叫的厲害,小偷嚇跑了。1.(2012·遼寧六校模擬)—What’sallthatnoise?—Justinfrontofthebus________aninjuredman,allcoveredwithblood.A.wherelies B.liesC.doeslie D.lyingis解析:

考查倒裝。當(dāng)介詞短語(yǔ)置于句首時(shí),句子要使用全部倒裝語(yǔ)序,本題中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞lies直接提前。答案:

B2.(2012·鄭州六校質(zhì)量檢測(cè))Overthelittlegirl’sbed________nothingbutafewsmalltoys.A.hang B.hangsC.hanged D.hanging解析:

句意為:小女孩兒的床上除了幾個(gè)小玩具外,沒(méi)有懸掛任何東西。本句是倒裝句,正常語(yǔ)序是“Nothingbutafewsmalltoyshangsoverthelittlegirl’sbed.”。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)后接with,but,like等短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)形式不受定語(yǔ)的影響,由此可知本句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)和主語(yǔ)Nothing保持一致,故選B項(xiàng)。答案:

B3.(2010·陜西卷)Johnopenedthedoor.There________hehadneverseenbefore.A.a(chǎn)girldidstand B.a(chǎn)girlstoodC.didagirlstand D.stoodagirl解析:

考查完全倒裝。副詞there,here等位于句首,應(yīng)用完全倒裝句式。句意為:約翰打開(kāi)門(mén),他從來(lái)沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)的一位女孩站在那兒。答案:

D4.Itisoften________thathumanbeingsarenaturallyequippedtospeak.A.said B.tosayC.saying D.beingsaid解析:

考查句型。句意為:據(jù)說(shuō)人類(lèi)天生就具有說(shuō)話(huà)的能力。Itissaidthat-clause為固定句型,意為“據(jù)說(shuō)……”。答案:

A5.Aletter________himtotheceremonyofthenewpresident’stakingofficemadehimveryexcited.A.invites B.toinviteC.inviting D.invited解析:

句意為:一封請(qǐng)他參加新總統(tǒng)就職儀式的邀請(qǐng)信使他非常興奮。解釋倍的內(nèi)容的后置修飾語(yǔ)應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞的-ing形式。答案:

CⅠ.完成句子1.Whethertheplancan________________(執(zhí)行)dependsontheweather.答案:becarriedout2.Whenhewasatcollege,hestudiedhardand________________________________________(也積極參加各種活動(dòng)).答案:

tookanactivepartinvariousactivitiesaswell3.Thefarmersaresaidtodrivethemonkeysaway______________________________(在它們還沒(méi)有給莊稼造成更大破壞之前).答案:

beforetheycausemoredamagetothecrops4.Whenyou’reaskedtosayafewwords__________________________________(在婚禮上),youneedtokeepitappropriatefortheoccasion.答案:

attheweddingceremony5.Thewomanwillmarrymybrother________________________________(即使她父母不同意).答案:

evenifherparentsdon’tagreeⅡ.巧思妙解1.(湖北高考)AIDSissaid________thebiggesthealthchallengetobothmenandwomeninthatareaoverthepastfewyears.A.thatitis B.tobeC.thatithasbeen D.tohavebeen解析:

句意為:據(jù)說(shuō),在過(guò)去的幾年中,艾滋病對(duì)于那個(gè)地區(qū)的男女來(lái)說(shuō)已是最大的挑戰(zhàn)。Itissaidthat從句可轉(zhuǎn)為sb./sth.besaidtodo/tobedoing/tohavedone的形式。由此可淘汰A、C兩項(xiàng),由于句子中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)overthepastfewyears要用完成時(shí),所以淘汰B項(xiàng)選出正確答案D。答案:D2.—IsBobstillperforming?—I’mafraidnot.Heiss

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