Unit2AClassActNote1:P22LearningObjectivesTypeofwritingStructureoftheTextThethemeoftheTextGrammarandVocabularyWritingtechniques(narrativetechniques)—howtocreateavividpictureofone’semotions

TheorganizationofanarrativeBeginning(introduction)Setting,characterThemiddleofthestory(thedevelopmentofthestory)–plot(conflict,climax)Theending(resolution)Warmingupquestions1.Shareyouhighschoolexperiencewiththeclass2.TellthestoryofateacherwhoimpressedyouwithhisorherkindnessTextStructureThewholetextcanbedivided5parts,withthesubtopicforeach.Thefirstpart(Para.1---3)isabouttheauthor’sfamilyandtheirlifeduringthewar;thesecondpart(Para.4---7)describestheauthor’sexperienceofhumiliationintheschool;thethirdpart(Para.8---11)givesanaccountofhowherexcitementaboutafreephotographicportraitsittingtriggersheranticipationoftheoncomingtormentintheschool;

thefourthpart(para.12---15)describeswhatactuallyhappenedlater,whichwasaturningpointintheauthor’slife---insteadofbeinghumiliated,shewaswarmlypraisedandencouragedbyasympatheticteacher;thelastpart(Para.16---17)describestheimmediateimpactofa“warmsentence”bytheteacheranditseverlastinginfluenceontheauthor.AnotherStructure:

1.1-3:author’sfamily&lifeduringWW24-7:herexperienceofhumiliationintheschool2.8-11:excitementVS.torment12-15:warmpraise&encouragement3.16-17:theimmediateimpactandeverlastinginfluenceonherIntensiveStudy(Para.1-3)ThesethreeparagraphsgiveabriefdescriptionofthehardconditionsinWWII,andhowtheauthor’sparentsmanagetosupportthefamilyandwhattheydofortheirchildren.Notethatthelastsentenceofthe3rdparagraphpavesthewayforthewholestory.Para.1blitz(n.v.):v.:toattackaplacewithbombsdroppedfromaircraft用閃電戰(zhàn)空襲（或毀壞）

theBlitz（single）：theGermanairattacksonBritainin1940.

1940年德國對(duì)英國的空襲。Manchester：曼徹斯特（英格蘭西北部城市）rife:adj.（sth.badorunpleasant)verycommonorfrequent普遍的；盛行的rifewithsth.:fullofsthbadorunpleasant充斥，充滿（壞事）Eg:LosAngelesisrifewithgossipabouttheatrats’privatelives.pawnshop:當(dāng)鋪pawn:n.抵押物v.當(dāng)?shù)簟璽imeweretough,moneywasshort,anxietywasrifeandthepawnshopwasfamiliardestinationformanyfamiliar,includingmine.Lifewashard.Everyonewasshortofmoney.Theywerecaughtupinendlessworries.Manyfamiliesoftenwenttothepawnshoptopawnthethingstheyhadforalittlemoney,andthefamilywasnoexception.Para.2

enterprising:adj.:havingorshowingtheabilitytothinkofnewprojectsornewwaysofdoingthings有事業(yè)心的、有進(jìn)取心的，有創(chuàng)業(yè)精神的

egs.anenterprisingpersonn.

enterprise

①–事業(yè)心，進(jìn)取心

amanofenterprise

②acompany/business公司，企業(yè)，事業(yè)單位

state-ownedenterprise國有企業(yè)

smallandmedium-sizedenterprise中小型企業(yè)YetIcouldnothaveaskedformoreenterprisingandoptimisticparents.:However,Ihadthemostadaptableandoptimisticparentsintheworld.“bucketloadsofcheer”:

lotsofjoysturdy:adjnoteasilyinfluencedorchangedbyotherpeople堅(jiān)決的，堅(jiān)定的；eg:asturdydefenceofthegovernment‘sposition堅(jiān)決維護(hù)政府立場(chǎng)strongandnoteasilydamaged結(jié)實(shí)的，堅(jiān)固的；eg:asturdyparisofshoots一雙結(jié)實(shí)的靴子（peopleandanimals,ortheirbodies人,動(dòng)物或身體)physicallystrongandhealthy強(qiáng)壯的，健壯的

eg:amanofsturdybuild體格健壯的男人ingenious:

adj.someonewhoisingeniousisverygoodatinventingthingsoratthinkingofnewideas有獨(dú)創(chuàng)性的，心靈手巧的;機(jī)靈的ingenuity:n.“…couldturnhishandtoalmostanything：

wascapableofdoingalmostanything”bout:n.aboxingorwrestlingmatch拳擊或摔跤比賽，回合，較量“Heeven….tomakeendsmeet.”：Note2meticulous:payingcarefulattentiontoeverydetail極仔細(xì)的;一絲不茍的ameticulousplan周密的計(jì)劃;meticulousrecords詳細(xì)的記錄;meticulouslyclean一塵不染attire:

n.(formal)clothesEg:dressedinformaleveningattire;

formalattire禮服

splendidattire盛裝；華麗的服飾attired：adj.(notbeforenoun,formalorliterary)dressedinaparticularway，dressed穿著…衣服spotless:

adj.perfectlyclean非常干凈的；無可挑剔的，無瑕疵的QUESTIONinPara.2QUESTIONSWhatdoestheauthormeanby“yetIcouldnothaveaskedformoreenterprisingandoptimisticparents”?Myparentwerethemostenterprisingandoptimisticonesonecouldexpecttofind.Theauthorthinksthatherparentsdidalltheycouldtosupportthefamilywiththeirhardwork,ingenuityandthrift,sothefamilycouldhave“bucketloadsofcheer.”Para.3

howtounderstand“myclotheswereironedtoaknife-edge,andshoespolishedtoagleam”rhetorically,toaknife-edge,andtoagleamarehyperboles(exaggeration)meaningmyclotheswereironedtoadegreethatitlookslikeaknife-edgeandmyshoeswerepolisheduntiltheygleamed“noteveryitemwasstandardschooluniformissue.”:Note3Someofmyclothesweredifferentformthestandardschooluniformwhichthestudentsererequiredtowear.scrimp:v.

tospendverylittlemoneyonthethingsUneedtolive,esp.sothatUcanspendonsthelse省吃儉用、節(jié)衣縮食Theyscrimped

andsavedtogivethechildrenagoodeducation.為了讓孩子接受良好的教育，他們省吃儉用。gear:

n.(informal)clotheseg:wearthelatestgear

穿著最新款式的衣服prescribed:adj.demandedv.prescriben.prescription:處方，藥方；計(jì)劃，建議，秘訣eg:aprescriptionforhappiness增進(jìn)幸福的秘訣scribe—scription—scriptivedescribe：v.描述，描寫prescribe：v.開藥方;規(guī)定subscribe：提交，訂閱ascribe：歸因于circumscribe：v.限制conscribe:征兵blazer:atypeofjacket,oftenwiththesymbolofaschoolororganizationsewnonthefrontpocketandwornasapartofauniform

BritishSchooluniformWhileMomhadscrimpedandsavedtoobtainmostofthegear,Istilldidn’thavetheprescribedblueblazerandhatband.ThoughMomhadtriedtospendaslittlemoneyaspossibleinordertobuysomeoftheclothesrequiredbytheschool,shestillcouldn’taffordtheblueblazerandhatband.QUESTIONinPara.3QUESTIONWhydoestheauthorstillhavesomethingtroubleinherschool?Becausetheauthor’sparentswerenotabletobuythe“blueblazerandhatband”requiredbytheschool.IntensiveStudy(Para.4-5)Theauthor’stroubleintheschoolispartlydescribedinthesetwoparagraphs.ReadPara4&5andanswerthefollowingQ:1.Whydoestheheadmistressmakeithermissiontoteachtheauthoralesson?2.Howwastheauthorpunishedatschool?Para.4rationing:n.asystemoflimitingaamountofsth.thateachpersonisallowedtohave.

定量配給，限額配給wartimerationing

戰(zhàn)時(shí)定量配給rationingofgoods

商品配給制ration:

n.afixedamountoffood,fuel,etc配給量v.[ofenpassive]rationsbtosthThevillagerswererationedtotwolitersofwateraday.rationout

應(yīng)按配額給定地We'llhavetorationoutthewater.我們得將水按定額配給?！癷nplace”:appropriate,suitable;適當(dāng)?shù)?，合適的cf.“outofplace’’

relax:v.tomakearule/lawlessstrictTwoweeksafterthepolicerelaxedsecurityattheairports,therewasabombattack.relaxacurfew(宵禁)relaxone’seffortn.relaxationBecauseofthewar,rationingwasinplaceandmostschoolshadrelaxedtheirattitudetowardsproperuniformsknowinghowharditwastoobtainclothes.：Becauseofthewar,thegovernmentimplementedasystemoflimitingtheamountofalmosteverythingthateachpersonwasallowedtohave,andmostschoolshadsubjectedtheirstudentstolessrigiddresscodes,becausetheywerefullyawarethatitwasnoteasyforthestudentstogettheproperclothes.deputyheadmistress:副校長（女）assembly:

n.agatheringinaschoolofseveralclassesforagroupactivity

assemblevAllthestudentswereaskedtoassembleinthemainhall.“…madeithermissiontoteachmealesson”…assumedthatitwasherdutyto…(notetheauthor’sresentmentforthedeputyheadmistress)Para.5comply（with）:

v.toactaccordingtoanorder/ruleegs.Thefactorywasclosedforfailingtocomplywithgovernmentsafetyregulations.工廠由于未能遵守政府的安全條例而被關(guān)閉了。

Therulemustbecompliedwith.

這條規(guī)則必須遵守。n.

complianceincompliancewith

DespitemyattemptsatexplainingwhyIcouldn’tcomply…:EventhoughItriedmybesttoexplainwhyIwasunabletomeettheschool’sclothingrequirements…“…ashiningexample”:Rhetoricallythatisirony.Thephraseactuallymeans“averybadexample.”QUESTIONHowdoesthedeputyheadmistressteachtheauthoralesson?Thedeputyheadmistressmakesithermissiontoteachtheauthoralessonfornotcomplyingwiththeschoolregulations.Inthedailyassemblyshewouldpullheroutoflineandmakeherstandonthestageasabadexample.Para.6bar:oingsomewhere,toforbidsth.禁止，阻攔Thegovernmenthasactedtobar

thiskindoftobaccobarsbfromdoing

TheincidentledtohimbeingbarredfromplayingforEngland.n.條，棒；酒吧；障礙abarofchocolate一塊巧克力bebehindbars在押，在監(jiān)獄服刑，坐牢adore:

v.(fml)tolovesbverymuch(infml)tolikesth.verymuchegs.Itisobviousthatsheadoreshim. Iabsolutelyadorechocolate.adorable:adj.可愛的，討人喜歡的anadorablechildadoring:adj.愛慕的，敬慕的；崇拜的

heradoringgrandmother

她慈愛的祖母adoration:n.熱愛，敬慕，崇拜egs.Hegazedatherwithpureadoration.

...whichIadored.“：

whichIlikedverymuch

Mypunishmentalsoextendedtobeingbarredfromthegymteamtonottakingpartintheweeklyballroomdancingclasses,whichIadored.:Mypunishmentdidnotendthere.Iwasnotallowedtojointhegymteamortoattendtheweeklyballroomdancingclasses,whichIlovedverymuch.horrid:adj.unpleasantorunkind;nasty討厭的，無情的，令人不愉快的QUESTION：Whatmadethesituationevenworsefortheauthor?Thesituationbecameevenworsewhentheauthorwasbarredformthegymteamortheweeklyballroomdancingclasswhichshelovessomuch.Para.7seethrough:看透，識(shí)破seesbthrough幫助度過(experience/suffer)seesththrough

堅(jiān)持完成，進(jìn)行到底Hewasaprisonerofwarforfiveyears,buthiscouragesawhimthrough.Wewillseeyouthroughuntilyoufinishyourcollegeeducation.Isawtheprojectthroughandthenresigned.Wecanseethroughyourlittlegame.“…buttoseethepunishmentthrough”.:…buttogothroughthepunishmentHowever,inmy12year-oldmindIhadnochoicebuttoseethepunishmentthrough…

However,Iwasonlya12-year-oldgirl.IthoughtIhadnoalternativebuttogothroughthepunishment.

well-meaning:wantingtohaveagoodeffect,butnotalwaysachievingone善意的，好心的speakupforsb:tosaysthtosupport/defendsb為辯護(hù)，替講好話spokeupforme:toexpressheropinionpubliclyformeblinkered:

adj.narrow-minded,unwillingtounderstandotherpeople心胸狹隘的，思路狹窄的hard-nosed:practicalanddetermined講究實(shí)際的；頑固的，不講情面的mortify：v.makesbfeelveryashamed/embarrassed使難堪；使感屈辱，使羞愧

Eg:Shewasmortifiedtorealizethathehadheardeverywordshesaid.n.mortificationadj.mortifying

eg:

How

mortifying

tohavetoapologizetohim!要向他道歉，多難為情啊！indignant:

adj.feelingorshowingangerorsurprisebecauseyouthinkyouhavebeentreatedunfairly憤慨的，憤怒的，義憤的Heavyforbid:note5onthewarpath:angryandlikelytoargueorpunish:盛怒，大發(fā)雷霆，（怒不可遏）準(zhǔn)備開火/作戰(zhàn)"...hewouldhaveinstantlybeenonthewarpathinmydefense.“...hewouldhavegotveryangryandwantedtofightimmediatelyinordertoprotectme.QUESTIONSinPara6-7

1.Whycouldtheauthornottellhermotheraboutherhumiliationintheschool?Becauseshedidnotwanttoruntheriskofhermothercomingtotheschoolandbeinghurtbythatunfeelingteacher.Andifhermothertoldherfatheraboutit,hewouldhavegotveryangryandevenwantedtofightwiththeschoolauthoritiesinordertoprotecther.2.ConclusionofParagraphs6-7

Thesetwoparagraphsdescribehowtheauthorfeelsaboutthispunishment-“battlebacktears,”“embarrassed,”“desperatewish…”,“thishorridschool,”“ritualhumiliation,”“buttoseethepunishmentthrough.”Para.8-11:thephotographicportraitsittingQ:

Howdidtheauthorfeelabouttheportraitsitting?PickoutthewordsrevealingherfeelingsThefreephotographicportraitsittingstirredmixedfeelingsintheauthor.Ontheonehand,shewasbesideherselfwithexcitement;ontheotherhand,shewasawareoftheupcomingtormentshefacedbecauseofherdress(eventhoughitwasherbestdress).Para.8“…forafreephotographicportraitsitting.”:

Note6bebesideoneself:

ifyouarebesideyourselfwithaparticularfeeling,itissostrongthatitmakesyoualmostoutofcontrol.忘乎所以，得意忘形

eg:Whenshepassedtheexamatlastshewasbesideherself

withjoy.Hewasbesidehimself

withragewhenItoldhimwhatIhavedone.fuel：v.toincreasesth/tomakeitstronger增加，加強(qiáng)，刺激eg:Highersalarieshelpedtofuelinflation工資提高刺激通貨膨脹。Thechairman’sspeechfuelledspeculationthatheisabouttoresign.temptress:n.awomanwhotriestosexuallyattractman“…myimaginationfuelledbyglamorousshotsofthepopularHollywoodtemptresses.”:IwasveryexcitedwhenIimaginedmyselfinattractivepictureslikethoseoffamousactressesinHollywood.“shots”---snapshots(快照),photos.Para.9trimmed:

adj.ifclothesandotherclothitemsaretrimmed,theyaredecorated,especiallyaroundtheedges.torment：sth.orsomeonethatcausesgreatsufferingorannoyance痛苦，苦惱ShehadnohintofthetormentIfaced.SheknewnothingaboutthepunishmentIsufferedintheschoolPara.10Heavy-hearted,Idraggedmyselftoschool…

Iwalkedslowlyandunwillinglytoschoolwithaverysadfeeling.dragsb/sthintosth；dragsth/sbin:trytogetsbinvolvedinasituationwhoisnotconnectedwithit.硬把…扯進(jìn)去,硬讓毫無關(guān)系的人卷入Eg:Don’tdragthechildrenintoourargument.emerald:

n.abrightgreencolorn.綠寶石，翡翠；[寶]祖母綠；翠綠色adj.翡翠的；翠綠色的“…anemeraldgreentargetinaseaofblue.”

…mygreendressmademeevenmoreconspicuousamongtheblueschooluniformstrudge:

towalkveryslowlywitheffort步履艱難地行走Eg:Hetrudgedthelasttwomilestothetown.Themantrudgedupthehill,ladenwithsupplies.ofmyownaccord:ifyoudosthofyourownaccord,youdoitwithoutbeingaskedtodoit.自愿地，主動(dòng)地eg.Thesymptomswillclearupoftheirownaccordafterafewdays.beady：

smallandbright,especiallylikeabird’seye小圓珠般而亮晶晶的；機(jī)警的Ishallcertainlykeepabeadyeyeonhisbehavior我一定會(huì)時(shí)刻睜大眼睛提防他的行為Question：Whydidtheauthorwalktothestageofherownaccord?Becauseherpastexperiencestoldherthatsuchritualpunishmentwouldoccuranyway.Payattentiontothewordsthatrevealtheauthor’sfeelings---“heavy-hearted,”dragged,”“trudged.”Para.11umpteenth：adj.(infml)verymanyfortheumpteenthtime:manytimesI’vetoldthisstoryumpteentimes.Idrankmy

umpteenth

cupofcoffee.“…lookpastmyclothes…”

…overlook/ignoremyclothesIwonderedforumpteenthtimewhytheunfeelingteachercouldn’tlookpastmyclothesforonce……Iwondered,likewhathadhappenedmany,manytimesbefore,whytheunsympatheticteachercouldn'toverlookmyclothesforonce…Question：Whydidtheauthorfeelsofrustrated?Becauseshesimplycouldnotunderstandwhythoseunsympatheticteacherscouldnotseethatshewasactuallyanobedientgirlwhowaseagertoparticipateinalltheactivitiesdespiteherclothes.SummaryPara.10-11Thesetwoparagraphsdescribewhathappenswhentheauthorgoestoschoolinhergreendress.Shegoestothestageevenwithoutbeingrequestedtoreceivetheroutinehumiliationandfrustrating“sniggersoftheothergirlsandthebeadyeyesofthedeputyhead”---andyearnstobeunderstood.Para.12consolev.—tomakesbwhoissadordisappointedfeelbetterbygivingthemcomfortorsympathy安慰，慰藉Itriedtoconsoleherwithaboxofchocolate.n.consolation“IcouldatleastlosemyselfinCharlesDickens’ATaleofTwoCitiesforawhile.”IcouldatleastforgetthehumiliationforawhilebyreadingCharlesDickens’ATaleofTwoCposure

n.:thestateofbeingcalmandincontrolofyourfeelings/behavior沉著，鎮(zhèn)靜

tokeep/lose/regain/recoveryour～:保持/失去/恢復(fù)～eg.Youmayfeelnervous,butdon’tloseyou～

infrontofher. Herecoveredhiscomposure.他恢復(fù)了平靜。

poseIconsoledmyselfthatIcouldatleastlosemyselfinCharlesDickens’ATaleofTwoCitiesforawhileatthebackoftheclasstorecoverandregainmycomposure.:IcheeredmyselfupbythinkingthatIcouldatleastescapeformtheeverydayrealityintothefantasyworldofATaleofTwoCitiesrecreatedbyCharlesDickensforawhileatthebackoftheclasstocalmmyselfdownandtogetbackmyself-control.blinkbacktears—shuttingandopeningone’seyesfrequentlyinordertogetridoftears眨著眼睛忍住淚水Thephraseissimilarto“battlebacktears”inPara.6Question：WhatdoestheauthormeanbylastsentenceinPara.12?—ThissentencesuggeststhattheauthorwasbeginningtosuspectthatMissMcVeehadjoinedotherteachersbecauseshe“orderedher”tocomeandsitinthefrontrow,directlybeforeher.TheauthorprobablythoughtthatMissMcVeewasgoingtopunishherforwhatshewaswearing.Para13downcast:

adj.ifsomeone’seyesaredowncast,theyarelookingdown低垂的dejection:n.afeelingofunhappiness/disappointment憂郁,沮喪dejectedadj.unhappy/disappointedHeleftindejection.他垂頭喪氣地走了。singleout:挑選出Jamiewasthrilledwhentheteachersingledouthispoemandaskedhimtoreaditout.

…IhadalwaystriedmyhardestnottoshowhowmiserableIwasatbeingsingledouttimeaftertime.:IhadalwaystriedmybesttohidemymiserablefeelingwhenIwaspickedoutbytheteachersasatargetofcriticismandhumiliationagainandagain.Paragraph14cockherheadtooneside:頭側(cè)向一邊

cockone’sears：豎起耳朵

cockone’seyes：使眼色cameoutwith：說出；發(fā)表；出版；供應(yīng)，把…投入市場(chǎng)Youdocomeoutwithsomegoodideassometimes!Iaskedoneinnocentquestionandhecameoutwithallthisabuse!mean-spirited:

narrow-minded,unkind氣量小的；心胸狹窄的；卑鄙的"themean-spiritedplace":theuncaringanddisagreeableplace(referringtotheschool)AndthenshecameoutwiththemostwelcomesentenceIhadeverheardatthatmean-spiritedplace.

AndthensuddenlysheutteredthemostagreeablesentenceIhadeverheardatthatdishonorableschool.Paragraph15dreary:dull,tedious,dismal,gloomy,monotonous沉悶的，枯燥的”…thebrightestandloveliestsightinthisentiredrearyschool”

“…brightestandloveliestthingorpersonthatIseeinthewholedullandboringschoolIamonlysorrythatIshallhavethepleasureoflookingatyouforjustonelessonandnottheentireday.

IonlyregretthatIcanenjoylookingatyouforjustonelesson

andnotthewholeday.TranslationofPara.15親愛的，我宣布，在這個(gè)沉悶的學(xué)校中，你是穿得最亮麗最可愛的女孩。遺憾的是我只有一堂課欣賞你，而不是一整天。...你漂亮可愛的著裝是這個(gè)單調(diào)乏味的學(xué)校里一道風(fēng)景線?？吹侥闶谷烁械接鋹偅z憾的是...SummaryofParagraphs14-15

Totheauthor’ssurprise,MissMcVeedidnotdoanythingtohumiliateher.Insteadsheuttered“themostwelcomesentence”theauthorhadeverheardintheschool.Thewords(Para.15)byMissMcVeeexertaprofoundinfluenceontheauthor.

Para.16thaw:

n.v.融化,解凍Theicethawedinthesun.冰在陽光下融化。Itthawedearlylastspring.去年春天解凍得很早。athawinEast-Westrelations東西方關(guān)系的解凍Whydoestheauthorsaythat"Theblockoficethatwasmyyoungheartthawedinstantly"?—Impliesthatherhearthadbeenfrozenbytheumpteen/endlesscoldhumiliationsandthatshe