短文寫作指導(dǎo)寫作內(nèi)容廣泛，涉及生活、一般和私人信件，體裁包括記敘文、說明文、描寫文、議、應(yīng)用文等。現(xiàn)考試題中最后部分為短文寫作任務(wù)，一個小題，總計30分，要求考生寫一篇100詞左右的短文。試卷給 1：主謂一致問題：“人一旦有了錢，他就能想干什么就干什么”。病句：Whenonehavemoney，hecandowhathewantto.[答疑編號Onceonehasmoney，hecandowhathewants（to（名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)例句：1945年建立。TheUnitedNationswasformedin病句：Attheageoften，mygrandfatherdied.[答疑編號506486130102]改錯：WhenIwasten，mygrandfather3：詞義和詞性問題：“沒有人能夠否認(rèn)金錢的重要性”。病句：Nonecannegativetheimportanceofmoney.[答疑編號改錯：Nonecandenytheimportanceoftendera.，v.&ntaxiway出租車道，飛機(jī)跑道；terminala.晚期的，n.計算機(jī)終端，公共汽車\輪船等總站，航站樓；sharpa，ad.）4：動詞時態(tài)、語態(tài)和虛擬語氣等問題：病句：Ourschooltookplacegreatchanges.[答疑編號改錯：Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinour例如：except,exceptfor,besides,except,exceptfor“除去”排除在外（不包括）exceptexceptfor例如：IattendedclasseseverydayexceptSunday.“除了星期天，天都去上課”Thecompositioniswellwrittenexceptforafewspellingerrors.“這篇文章還不錯，除了拼寫錯誤Ourteacherinvitedfiveofusbesides TherebetherebeTherewasnoschoolinthevillageatthatTherewasnotaschoolinthevillageatthat（nonotanotany。notanotany詞，no）Thereis（not）acommonmistakeamongmystudents.Therearemanypeoplerushingintothecitieseveryyear.Therearemanythings（that）wecandotopreventtraffictherebe病句1：Therearemanypeopleliketogotothemovies.許多人喜歡去院（看）[答疑編號改錯：Therearemanypeoplewholiketogotothe2：Therearedifferentkindsofvegetablescanbeboughtonthemarketby[答疑編號改錯：Therearedifferentkindsofvegetablesthatpeoplecanbuyatthe例句：Itisnecessaryforustomasteraforeignlanguageskillfully.例句：Wefinditratherdifficulttopreventpeoplefromngthat.Idon'tthink（that）theywillputoff/postponethis[答疑編號Idon'tthink（that）youneedbesofriendlyto[答疑編號一下子引起讀者的。例如：“HowISpentMyVacation”（我怎樣度）開頭是這樣寫的：Ispentmylastvacation[答疑編號Honestyisavirtue.Anhonestmanisalwaystrustedandrespected.Onthecontrary,onelsliesisregardedasa“l(fā)iar”,andislookeddownuponbyhonest[答疑編號在文章的開頭，先把人物、事件和時間交待清楚。例如“ATriptoJinshan”（去金山旅游）ThedaybeforeyesterdaymyclasswentonabustriptoJinshan.Ittookusthreehourstogetthere.Thelongtripmadeusverytired，butthesightofthebeautifulsearefreshedus.[答疑編號用回憶的方法來開頭。例如：“ATriptoMountainTai”（泰山游）IremembermyfirsttriptoMountainTaiasifitwere[答疑編號即對要在文章中敘述的人或事先作一個概括性的介紹。例如：“ThePleasureofReadingBooks”（讀書的Peopleoftensaythatgoldandsilverarethemostvaluablethingsintheworld.ButIsaythatreadingbooksismorevaluablethananythingelse,becausebooksgiveusknowledgeandknowledgegivesuspower.[答疑編號Itwasarainyandwindymorning.Theskywasgloomy,thetemperaturewaslow,andthestreetwasnearlyempty.Iwasonmywaybacktoschool.Suddenly,aspeedingcarcamearoundthecorner.[答疑編號“PollutionControl”（控制污染）的開頭：InthisarticleIshalldrawyourattentiontothesubjectofpollution[答疑編號首先，一個段落必須有一個中心即思想。該中心由句來表達(dá)。整個段落必須緊扣這個（stickorholdtothetopic）。這就是段落的統(tǒng)一性（unity）。（completenessoradequateness）在文章的結(jié)尾。把含義較深的話放在末尾，以點明，深化，起到畫龍點睛的效果。例如：“ICannotForgetHer”（我忘不了她）的結(jié)尾：Afterherdeath,Ifeltasifsomethingweremissinginmylife.Iwassaddenedbyherdeath,butIknewshewouldnothavehadanyregretsathavinggivenherlifeforthebenefitofthe[答疑編號結(jié)尾回到文章開頭闡明的中心思想或句上，達(dá)到強(qiáng)調(diào)的效果。例如：“ILoveMyHomeTown”（我愛我Ilovemyhometown.Ithaschangedagreatdeal.Peopletherearegoingallouttodomoreforthegoodofourmotherland.[答疑編號Icaughtasmanyastwentyfishintwohours,butmybrothercaughtmanymore.Tiredfromfishing,welaydownontheriverbank,bathinginthesun.Wereturnedhomeverylate.[答疑編號用比喻或含蓄的手法不直接點明作者的看法，而是讓讀者自己去和思考。例如“ADayofEveningcamebeforewerealizedit.Weputdownoursicklesandlookedateachother.Ourclotheswerewetwithsweat,butoneveryfacetherewasas.[答疑編號ShouldWeLearntoDoHousework?”（我們要不要學(xué)做家務(wù)?）的結(jié)尾：Everyoneshouldlearntodohousework.Don'tyouagree,boysand[答疑編號結(jié)尾表示對將來的展望，或期待讀者投入行動。如“Let'sPlaySports”（讓我們參加體育運動）Aswehavesaidabove,sportscanbeofgreatvalue.Theynotonlybringhappinessbutalsohelppeopletolearnvirtuesanddotheirworkbetter.Ifyouhaveasoundmind,youwillhaveahealthybody.Let'splaysportsregularly.[答疑編號用自然結(jié)尾的方法；但說理性和邏輯性較強(qiáng)的說明文和議則往往都有結(jié)束語，以便使文章首尾呼應(yīng)，結(jié)構(gòu)完某英文報紙正在舉辦題為“MyFavoriteJob”的征文活動。請就此題目寫一篇英文短文應(yīng)征。內(nèi)容包括以下MyFavoriteIhavehadavarietyofpart-timeandfull-timejobs,someinterestingandsomedull.I'veworkedinanoffice,agrocerystore,afactory,andcountlessotherplaces.AfterIgraduatedfromcollege,Ibecameateacher.Idefiniypreferteachingtoanyoftheotherjobs.Iamapeople-andespeciallyenjoytheinteractionwiththestudents.IalsofeelveryfulfilledwhenIseethestudentsmakeprogress.Igreatlyenjoypreparingthelessonsandtrytocreateactivitiesthatarebothpracticalandfun.WhileI'mgladIgainedmuchpracticalexperienceatmyotherjobs,IrealizethatIammostfulfilledasateacher.NoteP.105PracticalNotesareshortletterswrittenforvariouspurposes.Comparedwithaletter,anoteissimpleinformandofteninformalorcolloquialinlanguage.Inanote,thefollowingmaybe→Theaddressesoftheaddresseeandthe→Theword"Dear"inthe→Thecomplimentary→TheyearintheAfriendAfriendofyours,Keddie,calledthismorningwhileyouwereout.HeinvitedyoutovisittheSummerPalacenextSundaymorning.Thecarwillcomeroundat9.am.[答疑編號[答疑編號[答疑編號ThanksforyourinvitationtovisittheSummerPalace,butIamafraidthatIcan'tgowithyoubecauseofabadcold.We’llgettogethersomewherewhenIfullyrecoverfromtheillness.Notice（Announcement）P.128PracticalAnoticeiswrittenbyanindividual,group,organizationorbodytodrawreaders'attentiontoaparticularissue.Alltherequiredinformationmustbegiveninasimple,concise,attractivemannersothatpeoplenoticeit.Anoticeincludesatleastthree→Time（date,dayofthe[答疑編號[答疑編號ENROLLINGNextmonthmorethan2000youngpeoplefrom60countrieswillcometothecitytoparticipateinthe2014worldrobotsoccermatch“Robot-cup2014”,andinordertocarryouttheworksmoothly,wewouldliketoaskfor120volunteersforserviceactivities.TherequirementsareasTheVolunteersshouldbehealthyandTheyshouldhaveaverygoodcommandofEnglish,especiallyspeakingandTheyshouldbefamiliarwiththelocalsceneries,cultureandTheenrollingtimeisbyApril10,2014andtheplaceistheStudentUnionofourStudent2：SampleTeachersandAlecturewillbedeliveredbyProfessorChenfromtheEnglishDepartment.Itwillstartat2:30p.m.inRoom123onSaturday.ProfessorChenwillmainlytalkaboutthefollowingideas:Nowadaysalargenumberofpeoplearereadytospendtheirsparetimeandmoneystudyingforeignlanguages,especiallyEnglish.Asanimportanttoolforcommunication,Englishlanguageplaysasignificantroleinourlifesincetheworldis ingsmaller;culturalandeconomicexchangesmoreandmoreactive.AllthestudentsandteachersoftheEnglishDepartmentareaskedtoattendlectureandhaveadiscussionafterthelecturethesameStudent[答疑編號[答疑編號WearegoingtohaveanexcursiononSaturday,the12thofAllclassmatesshouldmeetinfrontoftheeastgateofourschoolwherethebuswillpickusup.Thedeparturetimeis7:00amsharp.We'llgototheFragrantHillsfirst.Afterclimbingthehill,wearegoingtotheSummerPalace.I'msurewe'llhavealotoffunthere.Pleaseremembertobringthefollowingthings:bottledwater,anumbrella,ahat,aflashlight,andfoodforlunchanddinner.Weplantoreturnaround10pm.WelookforwardtoseeingyouonSaturday.LiYuanSample1P.152PracticalLetterofInvitationlettersarewrittentoinvitefriends,relativesandassociatestoparties,seminars,etc.Therearetwokindsofsuchletters: alonesandformalones.Weddinginvitationsandbirthdaypartyinvitationsare al;seminarinvitationsandbusinessinvitationsareformal.Bothkindsservethesamepurposeasaninvitationcard,butinvitationlettersaremorealizedanddetailed.[答[答疑編號DearMr.IhavegreatpleasureininvitingyoutotheIdealHomeExhibition,whichwillbeheldatExpo.HousefromOctober2ndtoOctober5th.TheExhibitionwillbeopenfrom8:00eachmorning.Thiseventhasbeenorganizedforthebenefitofindividualsorfamilieswhowishtomakehomeimprovementsandupgradetheirproperties.Themostrecentproductsonthemarketwillbedisplayedonmorethanahundredstands.Weareexpectingover25,000 thatyouwillbeabletojoinus.Respectfullyyours,DonaldSample2P.175PracticalThank-YouAthank-youletterornoteisanexpressionofappreciationforathoughtfulact,expressionor→Athank-youlettershouldbe→Specificreferenceshouldbemadetowhatyouaregratefulfor,whichisthesubjectof→Theformalityofyoursalutationshouldbebaseduponyourrelationshipwith youare[答[答疑編號DearJeanandIjustwanttowritetothankyouagainforthewonderfulvisitwehadwithyou.Wetrulyappreciatethetimeyouspentwithusandthekids.Nowonderthey’realwaysexcitedtoseeyou!Thankyousomuchforthelovelymealsyoumadeforus.DavidlovedtheChickenPaprikashand,ofcourse,I’malwaysafanofyourzucchiniquiche.I’malwaysinspiredwheneverI’mwithyoubecauseyouhaveanamazingabilitytocreatesuchlovelymealswithsuchease.AndtheThanksgivingdinnerwasreallyoutstanding,Jean.Andthankyou,Rick,forallyourhelpwithmylaptop.WelookforwardtoseeingyounextyearatourSample3P.209PracticalLettersof無論我們的愿望和企圖如何,在某些場合也會遇到抱怨,或者甚至我們也可能會寫信。寫信有很多原Nomatterhowgoodourintentionsandefforts,thereareboundtobeoccasionswhenitisnecessarytodealwithacomplaint,orevenmakeone.Complaintsmaybenecessaryformanyreasons,suchaspoorservice,latedelivery,damagedgoodsandsoon.[答[答疑編號IfeelthatMsJohnsonwasrudeandunnecessarilycurtwithme.Iwaspreparedtowait.Shecouldhavepoli ytoldmethatshewouldbeabletohelpmeinamoment.Insteadshewasabruptanddismissive.IshopfrequentlyatyourstoreandIconsidermyselfentitledtobettertreatment.Itrustyouwilllookintothismatter.YourssincerelyJuliaThursdayafternoonIvisitedyourstoretolookforasuit.WhenIaskedMsJohnsonhelpinfindingmysize,shetoldmeshewasbusyandthatIwouldhavetofindonemyself.IexplainedthatthereasonIhadcometoherwasbecauseIcouldn’tfindone.Sherepliedinarudetonethat,ifIcouldn’tfindone,itmeantthestoredidnothaveoneandthatIshouldthereforelooksomewhereinyourstore.DearSalesIamwritingtocomplainabout,MsMariaJohnson,aSample4P.231PracticalMakinga要求升職。寫這樣的語氣十分重要。你需要提供一份證明，說明你的要求是正當(dāng)合理的。記住你是申請者并Therearemanyoccasionsonwhichyoumayneedtowriteaformallettermakingarequest.Forexample,youmaywishtoapplyforagrantorasktobeconsideredforpromotionatwork.Thetoneofsuchaletterisimportant.Youneedtoprovideevidencethatyourrequestisjustified.Rememberyouarethepetitionerandthatyouaresubmittingyourselftothejudgmentofthe orbodyyouarewritingto.Sodon'tlthemwhattothink.Courteouslyaskthemtoconsideryourrequest.DearMr.FrasierIamwritingtoseekfurtherassistancefromthe eInstituteScholarshipFoundation.Iamalreadydeeplyindebtedtothetrusteesforfundingmyuniversityeducationforthepasttwoyears.Withouttheirgeneroussupport,Iwouldhavebeenunabletopursuemyambitiontoenterthemedicalprofession.IhavetriedmyutmosttomakegooduseoftheopportunitiesthatithasbeenmyprivilegeandgoodfortunetoInowneedtofundmyclinicaltraining.Myparentshaveverylimitedmeansandmostoftheiravailableresourcesarecurrentlydevotedtocaringformysister,whosuffersfromararekidneydisease.Ihavealreadyobtained umloanfromthesupportscheme.Ihavealsoappliedtoanumberofsponsors,butsofarwithoutIthereforeturnagaintothetrusteesofthe eInstituteScholarshipFoundation.Irealizethatasecondapplicationof