第七章倒裝句

△倒裝句講解△一、概說英語句子的主語通常位于謂語動(dòng)詞之前，這種語序被稱為正常語序。但有時(shí)出于修辭或某種特殊語法結(jié)構(gòu)的需要，需將謂語動(dòng)詞放在主語之前，這種語序叫倒裝語序。倒裝可分為兩類：部分倒裝和完全倒裝。前者指主語和助動(dòng)詞倒置，后者指主語和謂語完全倒置。1．Incameamanwithawhitebeard.(是完全倒裝)2．AtnotimewillChinaeverbehavelikeasuperpower.(是部分倒裝)二、部分倒裝構(gòu)成部分倒裝的主要情形有1．含否定意義的詞(如：never，hardly，seldom，little，few，notuntil，not，notonly，nosooner，notasingle…，nolonger，nowhere，bynomeans，atnotime，neither，nor等)置于句首時(shí)，句子用倒裝。【例1】—Ican'tseethepicturewellfromhere.—________.A．Ican't,too B．NorIcanC．NeithercanI D．Neithercan'tI答案C【例2】TheyhaveagoodknowledgeofEnglishbutlittle________theyknowaboutGerman.A．haveB．didC．doD．不填答案C【例3】Notonly________interestedinfootballbut________beginningtoshowaninterestinit.A．theteacherhimselfis；areallhisstudentsB．theteacherhimselfis；areallhisstudentsC．istheteacherhimself；areallhisstudentsD．istheteacherhimself；allhisstudentsare答案D2．so表示前面所說的情況也適合于另一個(gè)人或物時(shí)，意為“……也一樣”，用“so＋助動(dòng)詞＋主語”這樣的倒裝句式。若講述的情況屬于同一個(gè)人或物時(shí)，意為“……的確如此”，主謂不倒裝?！纠?】—Youseemtobeanactor.—________.I'veplayedmanyrolesinalotoffilms.A．SodoI B．SoamIC．SoIdo D．SoIam答案D【例5】—Davidhasmadegreatprogressrecently.—________，and________.A．Sohehas；sohaveyouB．Sohehas；soyouhaveC．Sohashe；sohaveyouD．Sohashe；soyouhave答案A3．only加狀語(即：副詞/介詞短語/狀語從句等)放在句首時(shí)，主句用部分倒裝?！纠?】Onlywhen________asaninterpreter________howimportantitwastopractisespeakingEnglish.A．Iworked；Irealized B．didIwork；didIrealizeC．Iwork；didIrealize D．Iworked；didIrealize答案D【例7】________canyouexpecttogetapayrise.A．Withhardwork B．AlthoughworkhardC．Onlywithhardwork D．Nowthatheworkshard答案C【例8】Onlythen________theworkofreconstruction________begun.A．could；be B．不填；couldbeC．不填；is D．were；不填答案A4．當(dāng)虛擬條件句含有were，should，had時(shí)，可省略if，將were，should，had置句首?！纠?】________inyourposition,Iwouldgo.A．IsIB．WereIC．IfwasID．IfIam答案B【例10】________itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheSummerPalace.A．WereB．ShouldC．WouldD．Will答案B【例11】________foryourhelp,we'dneverhavebeenabletogetoverthedifficulties.A．Haditnot B．IfitwerenotC．Haditnotbeen D．Haditbeennot答案C5．so/such...that結(jié)構(gòu)中，將so/such...置于句首時(shí)，主句要用部分倒裝?！纠?2】Socarelessly________thathealmostkilledhimself.A．hedrives B．hedroveC．doeshedrove D．didhedrive答案D【例13】Suchamovingfilm________thattheywerealllostinthoughtafteritwasover.A．itwas B．wasitC．therewas D．wasthere答案B三、完全倒裝構(gòu)成完全倒裝的情形主要有1．以now，then，here，there，out，in，up，down，off，away等副詞開頭的句子，且句子主語是名詞時(shí)，句子常用完全倒裝。若主語為代詞，則不用倒裝?！纠?4】—Iseveryonehere?—Notyet...Look,there________therestofourguests！(2010·江蘇)A．come B．comesC．iscoming D．a(chǎn)recoming答案A【例15】________andcaughtthemouse.A．Upthecatjumped B．ThecatupjumpedC．Upjumpedthecat D．Jumpedupthecat答案C【例16】________withhisslippersonwhenheheardtheterriblenoise.A．Rushedheout B．OutrushedheC．Outherushed D．Outdidherush答案C2．將表語和地點(diǎn)狀語(多為介詞短語)置于句首加以強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，后面通常用倒裝語序。【例17】AlongtherockyshoresofNewEngland________andtidalmarsh.A．a(chǎn)rewherestretchesofsandybeachB．stretchesofsandybeacharethereC．a(chǎn)restretchesofsandybeachD．stretchesofsandybeachare答案C【例18】Ontheground________whichhadgoneintothecavetodie.A．a(chǎn)noldsickgoatlies B．layanoldsickgoatC．laidanoldsickgoat D．a(chǎn)noldsickgoatlying答案B四、另類倒裝1．a(chǎn)s引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中，必須將表語、狀語或動(dòng)詞原形提到as前面。若提前的表語是單數(shù)名詞，一般不用冠詞?！纠?9】Theairwascold,________.A．thoughthesunbrightB．a(chǎn)lthoughwasthesunbrightC．brightasthesunwasD．a(chǎn)sthesunwasbright答案C【例20】________，hecouldn'tmakehimselfheard.A．Shoutashemight B．AshemightshoutC．Shoutasmighthe D．Shoutalthoughhemight答案A【例21】________，hewon'tdosuchathing.A．Afoolasheis B．FoolasheisC．Foolishmanasishe D．Arealfoolasishe答案B2．當(dāng)such用作表語放到句首時(shí)，通常采用倒裝語序?！纠?2】________thatyouwant.A．Suchisthebooks B．SucharethebooksC．Thebooksissuch D．Thebookaresuch答案B3．有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，可