第3步Unit2TheUnitedKingdomSectionⅢGrammar—過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)第1步第2步SectionⅢGrammar—

過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)1.a．NowwhenpeoplerefertoEnglandyoufindWalesincludedaswell.b．Totheirsurprise,thethreecountriesfoundthemselvesunitedpeacefully.c．HaveyoueverheardthesongsunginChinese?d．We’dliketoseetheproblemssolvedwithinsevendays.2．a(chǎn).ItpassesthroughGreenwich,soPingyu

hadaphototakenstandingoneithersideoftheline.b．However,justastheyweregoingtogetIrelandconnectedtoformtheUnitedKingdom,thesouthernpartofthatcountrybrokeawaytoformitsowngovernment.c．Youmustmakeyourselfrespected.3.a．Theteacherwantedtheproblemdiscussedatthemoment.b．MycellphonehasbrokendownandIwouldlikeitrepairedsoon.c．Themanagerwishedthoseletterstypedassoonaspossible.[我的發(fā)現(xiàn)](1)以上例句中的過(guò)去分詞在句中作

，它們與句子賓語(yǔ)之間的關(guān)系為邏輯上的

關(guān)系或完成關(guān)系。(2)在第一組句子中，see,hear和find為可以跟過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ))作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的感官動(dòng)詞。類似動(dòng)詞還有：

等。賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)被動(dòng)feel,watch,notice,observe(3)在第二組句子中，have,make和get均為可以跟過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ))作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的

動(dòng)詞。表狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞

等有類似用法。(4)在第三組句子中，wish,wouldlike和want都為表示意愿或愿望的動(dòng)詞(詞組)，其后可以用

作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。expect,order等也可以這樣使用。使役leave,keep過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ))一、過(guò)去分詞用在表狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞keep,leave等詞的后面作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)Addictedtocomputergames,heleftmuchhomeworkundone.他沉迷于電腦游戲，很多作業(yè)沒(méi)有做完。①Theykeptthedoor

(lock)foralongtime.②Don’tleavethewindows

(break)likethisallthetime.③Don’tkeepyourmouth

(shut)whenIaskyouaquestion.lockedbrokenshut二、過(guò)去分詞用在使役動(dòng)詞make,get和have的后面作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)1．注意“have＋賓語(yǔ)＋過(guò)去分詞”的三種情況：(1)表示“讓某人做某事/讓某事(被別人)做”。Ihavemyhaircutonceamonth.我每個(gè)月理一次發(fā)。(2)表示“遭遇到某種不幸，受到打擊/受……影響，蒙受……損失”。Hehadhishatblownawayonhiswayhome.在回家的路上他的帽子被吹掉了。(3)完成某事(自己也可能參與)。Ihavehadallmyspellingmistakescorrected.我把所有的拼寫錯(cuò)誤都改正了。2．“make＋賓語(yǔ)＋過(guò)去分詞”，在這種結(jié)構(gòu)中，過(guò)去分詞的動(dòng)作必須是表示結(jié)果含義的。Hewastryingtomakehimselfunderstood.他正努力使別人理解自己。2-1.翻譯句子①IhavehadmyMP3playerrepaired.②他的房子被暴風(fēng)雨毀壞了。③Hehashadonethousandyuansavedthisyear.我讓人修了修我的MP3播放器。Hehadhishousedamagedinthestorm.他今年已存了1，000元。2-2.完成句子①我提高了嗓門以便被人家聽(tīng)到。Iraisedmyvoiceto

．②他們用了很淺顯的英語(yǔ)來(lái)設(shè)法使自己被理解。Theymanagedto

usingverysimpleEnglish.makemyselfheardmakethemselvesunderstood三、過(guò)去分詞可作表示感覺(jué)和心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，這類動(dòng)詞包括see,hear,feel,find,think,suppose,consider等Ihaveneverheardhimspokenillof.我從未聽(tīng)過(guò)有人說(shuō)他的壞話。Hefelthisfacelostbeforehisfriends.他覺(jué)得在朋友面前丟面子了。①Hefelthimselfcheated.②我發(fā)現(xiàn)錢包被偷了。他感到自己被欺騙了。Ifoundmywalletstolen.四、過(guò)去分詞在want,like,wish,order,wouldlike等表示“希望”“要求”“命令”意義的動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)后面作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)Thebosswouldn’tliketheproblemdiscussedatthemoment.老板不希望現(xiàn)在討論這個(gè)問(wèn)題。①我希望我的房子漆成白色。I

white.wouldlikemyhousepainted五、過(guò)去分詞用在“with＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ)”這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，過(guò)去分詞與賓語(yǔ)之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系Thethiefwasbroughtinwithhishandstiedbehindhisback.小偷被帶了進(jìn)來(lái)，手被綁在身后。Withthemattersettled,weallwenthome.事情得到了解決，我們都回家了。Withwaterheated,wecanseethesteam.水一被加熱，我們就會(huì)看到水蒸氣。①Becauseeverythingiscoveredwithsnow,theoutsidesightlooksbeautiful.→Theoutsidesightlooksbeautiful

．②Afterthehurricane,Isawlotsofhouseswhoseroofshadbeenblownoff.→Afterthehurricane,Isawlotsofhouses

．

witheverythingcoveredwithsnowwithroofsblownoff六、過(guò)去分詞、現(xiàn)在分詞和不定式作賓補(bǔ)的區(qū)別1．過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)強(qiáng)調(diào)被動(dòng)(賓語(yǔ)是過(guò)去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者)和動(dòng)作已完成。Isawhertakenoutoftheclassroom.我看見(jiàn)她被人從教室?guī)Я顺鋈ァ?take與her是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，且“帶出去”這一動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成)2．現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)強(qiáng)調(diào)主動(dòng)(賓語(yǔ)是現(xiàn)在分詞所表示的動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者)和動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。Isawhercomingintotheclassroom.我看見(jiàn)她正進(jìn)入教室。(come與her存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，且“進(jìn)入”這一動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生)3．不定式作賓補(bǔ)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的全過(guò)程，不定式符號(hào)to常省去。但當(dāng)賓補(bǔ)變?yōu)橹餮a(bǔ)時(shí)，要帶上to。Isawhercomeintotheclassroom.我看見(jiàn)她進(jìn)入教室了。(強(qiáng)調(diào)“進(jìn)入”這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生的全過(guò)程)Shewasseentocomeintotheclassroom.有人看見(jiàn)她進(jìn)入教室了。6-1.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空①Wehaveourclassroom

(clean)afterschooleveryday.②TheteacherwillhaveLiLei

(clean)theclassroomtoday.③Wefoundthetrees

(plant)already.④Wefoundmanypeople

(plant)treesthere.⑤Motherhadme

(go)totheshopandbuysomesalt.cleanedcleanplantedplantinggo6-2.句型轉(zhuǎn)換①Wefoundhimlyingontheplaygroundyesterday

morning.→Hewasfound

yesterdaymorning.②Theysawtheboyslipintothehall.→Theboywasseen

．lyingontheplaygroundtoslipintothehall1．(2012·四川高考)Beforedrivingintothecity,youarerequiredtogetyourcar________.A．washed

B．washC．washing D．towash解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：在驅(qū)車進(jìn)城之前，你必須將你的車洗了。此題中使役動(dòng)詞get后接的賓語(yǔ)car與作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞wash之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)：getsth.done。故選A項(xiàng)。答案：A2．(2011·重慶高考)MichaelputupapictureofYaoMingbesidethebedtokeephimself________ofhisowndreams.A．reminding

B．toremindC．reminded D．remind解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：Michael把姚明的圖片張貼在床邊是為了提醒自己要實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的夢(mèng)想。remindsb.of

sth.表示“提醒某人某事”，himself與remind之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞形式。答案：C3．(2011·陜西高考)Clairehadherluggage________anhourbeforeherplaneleft.A．check B．checkingC．tocheck D．checked解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：在飛機(jī)起飛前一個(gè)小時(shí)Claire對(duì)行李進(jìn)行了安檢。check與luggage之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞形式表示被動(dòng)，構(gòu)成have＋賓語(yǔ)＋過(guò)去分詞結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“找人做……”或“使……被……”。答案：D4．(2011·浙江高考)Eventhebestwriterssometimesfindthemselves______forwords.A．lose B．lostC．tolose D．havinglost解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。此處lost是過(guò)去分詞作themselves的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。語(yǔ)意表示“甚至最好的作家有時(shí)候也會(huì)表達(dá)不出來(lái)”，所以答案選B項(xiàng)。答案：B點(diǎn)此進(jìn)入.

過(guò)去分詞常在下列情況下用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：

(1)在感觀動(dòng)詞watch，

notice，

see，

hear，

listen

to，

feel，

find等后。如：He

felt

himself

seized

by

a

strong

arm

from

behind.

(2)表示思維活動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞consider，

know，

think等后。如：

I

consider

the

matter

settled.

(3)表示愛(ài)憎?意愿的動(dòng)詞如want，

wish，

like，

hate等后。如：

He

didn’t

wish

it

mentioned.

(4)表示致使的動(dòng)詞如get，

keep，

leave，

have，

make等后。如：

He

got

the

watch

repaired.

。

Did

you

leave

the

doors

and

windows

closed?

(1)在“make+賓語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞”中的過(guò)去分詞必須是表示結(jié)果含義的動(dòng)詞

He

was

trying

hard

to

make

himself

understood.

Could

you

please

make

yourself

known

to

us?

(2)“have+賓語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞”，賓語(yǔ)可以是人或物，有三種用法：a.表示“讓某人做某事”。b.表示“遭遇到某種不幸；受到打擊”。c.表示“使完成某事”，此事可以是別人完成的，也可以是自己參與完成的。如：

We’ll

have

the

house

painted

inside

and

out.

I

had

my

watch

stolen

in

the

street

yesterday.

We

must

have

the

work

finished

assoonaspossible.

(“我們”可能參加這項(xiàng)工作，也可能沒(méi)有參加。)

(4)在“with+賓語(yǔ)+done(賓補(bǔ))”這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，過(guò)去分詞與賓語(yǔ)之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，這一結(jié)構(gòu)通常在句中作時(shí)間?方式?條件?原因等狀語(yǔ)。如：

He

stood

for

an

instant

with

his

hand

still

raised.

With

water

heated，

we

can

see

the

steam.

With

the

matter

settled，

we

all

went

home.

注：with結(jié)構(gòu)中可接不定式或現(xiàn)在分詞，不定式表示一個(gè)將要發(fā)生的主動(dòng)動(dòng)作；現(xiàn)在分詞表示一個(gè)正在發(fā)生或已經(jīng)結(jié)束的主動(dòng)動(dòng)作。如：

With

a

lot

of

work

to

do，

he

was

not

allowed

to

go

out.

由于有許多工作要做，他不被允許出去。

The

young

teacher

felt

nervous

with

the

whole

class

staring

at

her.

由于全班學(xué)生都盯著她看，這個(gè)年輕的女教師感到緊張。

4.

過(guò)去分詞與其它非謂語(yǔ)形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的區(qū)別：非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)，句子的賓語(yǔ)就是該非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)?，F(xiàn)在分詞與其邏輯主語(yǔ)之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所表示的動(dòng)作一般與句中謂