SectionⅡ

Introduction&ReadingandVocabulary—LanguageStudy速效提能演練Unit1重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)探究

SectionⅡ重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)探究詞匯精研1Haveyoueverexperiencedaflood?你曾經(jīng)經(jīng)歷過洪災(zāi)嗎？品味經(jīng)典①Inthefirstfourmonthsof2010，Chinaexperiencedsomeunusualevents，suchasdrought，flood，earthquake,etc..2010年的前四個(gè)月中，中國(guó)經(jīng)歷了一些不尋常的事情，如干旱、洪水、地震等。三星學(xué)科,教師助手,學(xué)生幫手,家長(zhǎng)朋友?、贖eexperiencedalotofdifficultiesdoingthatwork.做那項(xiàng)工作時(shí)他遇到了很多困難。自我探究experience用作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“經(jīng)歷，體驗(yàn)，遭受”。歸納拓展完全免費(fèi),無需注冊(cè),天天更新?、跧nmyexperience，thesethingsneverlastverylong.從我的經(jīng)驗(yàn)分析，這類事情從未長(zhǎng)久過。④Ilearntalessonfromthisexperience.我從這次經(jīng)歷中吸取了教訓(xùn)。⑤Mr.Brown，ateacherwithmuchexperienceinteaching，toldusoneofhisterribleexperiencesinthedesert.布朗先生，一位教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的老師，告訴了我們他在沙漠中的一次可怕的經(jīng)歷。牛刀小試完成句子科羅爾是個(gè)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的軍官，他有著很多奇怪的經(jīng)歷。Mr.Krollisanofficerwith____________，whohasmanystrange____________.答案：experience；experiences2Doyouknowanythingabouttheevents?Forexample,whatcausesthem?

你知道有關(guān)這些事件的事情嗎？比方說，什么引起了它們？品味經(jīng)典①Thefirecaused￡15,000worthofdamage.這場(chǎng)火災(zāi)造成了價(jià)值一萬五千英鎊的損失。②I’mafraidI’mcausingyoumuchtrouble.我恐怕給你添了很多麻煩。③Thestormdieddown，havingcausedalotofdeaths.暴風(fēng)雨消退了，造成了很多人死亡。④Whatcausedyoutochangeyourmind?什么使你改變了主意？自我探究cause是及物動(dòng)詞，意為“引起；導(dǎo)致”?？捎糜赾ausesth.；causesb.sth.和causesb.to_do_sth.結(jié)構(gòu)中。歸納拓展⑤Smokingisoneofthecausesofheartdisease.吸煙是引起心臟病的病因之一。易混辨析cause，reason，excuse(1)cause指造成某種結(jié)果的原因，常說thecauseofsth.；(2)reason指產(chǎn)生某種行為的理由，常說thereasonforsth.；(3)excuse辯解；借口。指對(duì)某種行為所做的解釋，可以是真的也可以是托詞。常用excusefor,makeexcusefor。牛刀小試用cause，reason，excuse填空(1)The____________oftheaccidentwasthefactthathewasdrivingtoofast.(2)The____________whyhewaslatewasthathelosthisbikewhileshopping.(3)He’salwaysmaking____________forbeinglate.答案：(1)cause

(2)reason

(3)excuses3AlmostallofthemoccurintheUS,intheareafromTexasinthesoutheasttoSouthDakotainthenorth.幾乎所有的龍卷風(fēng)都發(fā)生在美國(guó)東南部德克薩斯州到北部南達(dá)科塔州一帶地區(qū)。品味經(jīng)典①M(fèi)anyaccidentsoccurinthehome.許多事故都發(fā)生在家中。②WhenBabbagewasworkingatCambridge,anewideaoccurredtohim.在劍橋工作時(shí)，巴比奇想到了一個(gè)新主意。③Isupposeitneveroccurredtoyoutophonethepolice?我想你壓根兒就沒想到給警方打電話吧？④Itdidn’toccurtomethathewouldconsidermyrequest.我從沒想到他會(huì)考慮我的請(qǐng)求。自我探究occur用作不及物動(dòng)詞，意為“發(fā)生”。occur的過去式與過去分詞為occurred，occurred；現(xiàn)在分詞為occurring。occur不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。另外，occur，還有“出現(xiàn)在腦海；被想起”的意思，常用結(jié)構(gòu)有：occurtosb.被某人想到；出現(xiàn)在某人頭腦里Itoccurstosb.that/todo

sth.某人忽然想起表示“發(fā)生”還可以用：happen，takeplace，breakout和comeabout等。這些詞都為不及物動(dòng)詞或不及物動(dòng)詞短語，無被動(dòng)語態(tài)。牛刀小試Itneveroccurredtome________youcouldsucceedinpersuadinghimtochangehismind.A．which

B．whatC．that D．if解析：選C?？疾槊~性從句。Itoccurs/occurredtosb.that...是固定句型，意思是：突然想起……，其中that引導(dǎo)主語從句。4ThecemeterywhereCoghlanwasburiedwasdestroyedbythehurricaneandCoghlan’scoffinendedupinthesea.科格倫被埋葬的墳?zāi)乖陲Z風(fēng)中遭到破壞，最后科格倫的棺材被卷進(jìn)了大海。品味經(jīng)典①Weneededtoburythedeadbodiesasquicklyaspossibletostopdiseasespreading.我們需要盡快將尸體掩埋，以防止疾病蔓延。②Bothhisgrandparentswereburiedhere.他的祖父母都葬在這里。③Youwouldn’tliketobeburiedalive.你不會(huì)喜歡被人活埋。自我探究bury用作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“埋葬”。歸納拓展buryoneselfinone’sbooks/studies→beburiedinone’sbooks/studies埋頭讀書/學(xué)習(xí)beburiedinthoughts/memoriesofthepast沉思(緬懷往事)buryone’sfacein用……捂住臉④Asyouknow,I’mstillburiedinbooksattheschoolyouaresofamiliarwith.如你所知，我還在你所熟悉的那所學(xué)校埋頭讀書。⑤Buriedinthebook,hedidn’thearthesound.埋頭于看書，他沒有聽到這個(gè)聲音。牛刀小試(1)令他們吃驚的是，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了被埋藏的財(cái)寶。Totheirsurprise，theyfoundthe____________treasure.(2)他一有空就埋頭讀書。Wheneverheisfree，he________________________________________________________________________.答案：(1)buried

(2)burieshimselfinhisbook5Tornadoescanpickupcars，trainsandevenhousesandputthemdowninthenextstreet—oreveninthenexttown.Theycantakethefuroffthebackofacatandthefeathersoffachicken.龍卷風(fēng)能把汽車、火車甚至房屋卷起，(然后)把它們拋在旁邊的街上——甚至在鄰近的城鎮(zhèn)。它們也能將貓和雞的毛脫掉。(1)pickup品味經(jīng)典①Twentymenfellintothewaterandwerepickedupbyotherboats.20個(gè)人落水后被其他船只上的人救起。②Wheneveryoumakeaphonecallsmilewhenyoupickupthephone，becausesomeonefeelsit!無論什么時(shí)候打電話，摘起話筒的時(shí)候請(qǐng)微笑，因?yàn)閷?duì)方能感覺到?、跿hechildrenpickedupmanyshellsattheseashore.孩子們?cè)诤＿厯斓皆S多貝殼。自我探究pickup是及物動(dòng)詞短語，up為副詞，代詞作賓語時(shí)放在中間，意為“撿起；拿起；掀起”。歸納拓展(1)pickup還有更多的意思?？梢员硎緦W(xué)會(huì)；好轉(zhuǎn)；開車接；讓乘客上車；偶然得到；接收廣播等含義。(2)pickon挑選，選中pickout選出；辨別出④ShesoonpickedupFrenchwhenshewenttoliveinFrance.她到法國(guó)居住后很快就學(xué)會(huì)了法語。⑤Thecarstoppedtopickmeup.汽車停下來接我。⑥We’rewaitinguntiltheweatherpicksupabit.我們等到天氣好些再說。⑦Wereachedtheoutskirtsoftownandbegantopickupspeed.我們到達(dá)市郊后開始加速。⑧Theequipmentpickedupthesignalfromthesatellite.這設(shè)備收到了衛(wèi)星發(fā)出的信號(hào)。牛刀小試Sam________someknowledgeofthecomputerjustbywatchingothersworkingonit.A．broughtup

B．lookedupC．pickedup D．setup解析：選C。本題考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意為“山姆只是憑借看別人操作電腦就學(xué)到了一些電腦知識(shí)。”表示“學(xué)會(huì)”用pickup。bringup表示“撫養(yǎng)，教育；提出；嘔吐”；lookup表示“向上看；(形勢(shì))好轉(zhuǎn)，改善；查閱”；setup表示“建立，設(shè)置；造成，產(chǎn)生”。(2)putdown品味經(jīng)典①Heputthephonedown.他放下了電話。自我探究putdown是及物動(dòng)詞短語，down是副詞，代詞作賓語時(shí)放在短語中間，意為“放下”。歸納拓展②I’lljustputyourphonenumberdowninmyphonebook.我這就把你的電話號(hào)碼記在我的電話簿里。③Allthemedicalworkersintheregionhelpedtoputdownepidemicinfluenza.這個(gè)地區(qū)的所有醫(yī)務(wù)工作者參加了幫助制止流行性感冒的工作。④Hegaveanoldwomanaliftandputherdownatthedoor.他讓一位老婦人搭車并在她家門口讓她下了車。牛刀小試Youcantakeanythingfromtheshelfandread，butplease________thebookswhenyou’vefinishedwiththem.A．puton

B．putdownC．putback D．putoff解析：選C。從句子意思上分析，此處的短語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)表示“放回原處”，所以使用putback。6Theycantakethefuroffthebackofacatandthefeathersoffachicken.龍卷風(fēng)能夠剝掉貓身上的皮，拔凈雞身上的毛。品味經(jīng)典①Theboytookoffhisclothesandwenttobed.那男孩脫掉衣服上床去睡了。②Youshouldtakethetoyoffthetable.你應(yīng)該把你桌上的玩具拿走。③Theplanetookofffiveminutesago.飛機(jī)五分鐘前起飛了。④Hisbusinessistakingoffaftergoingthroughthefinancialcrisis.經(jīng)歷了經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)后，他的事業(yè)正逐漸取得成功。⑤HetooktwoweeksoffinAugust.他在八月份休了兩個(gè)星期的假。⑥Ifyoupurchasemorethan$50，theshopkeeperwilltakeoff5%fromthebill.如果你買了超過50美元的物品，售貨員會(huì)從你的帳單上去掉5%的錢。自我探究takeoff表示“去掉；除去；脫掉”，作及物動(dòng)詞使用，off是副詞，可拆開使用。takeoff還可以表示“扣除；(飛機(jī))離地；成功；休假；移動(dòng)”等意思。歸納拓展牛刀小試Hersingingcareer________afterherTVappearance.A．tookup B．tookoffC．tookout D．tookover解析：選B。takeup表示“占據(jù)；繼續(xù)”；takeoff表示“起飛；脫下；迅速流行”；takeout拿出；takeover接管。根據(jù)句意“她在電視上亮相后，她的歌唱事業(yè)迅速獲得成功?！笨芍獞?yīng)選B。7Bythelate1890s，hehadmovedtoGalveston，wherehediedin1899，ayearbeforethehurricanestruck.19世紀(jì)90年代后期，他遷到加爾維斯頓，于1899年在那去世。第二年，颶風(fēng)襲擊了那里。品味經(jīng)典①Theviolenthurricanestruckthecityinmidnight.猛烈的颶風(fēng)在半夜襲擊了這個(gè)城市。②Thebombersmadeasuddenstrikeontheharbor.轟炸機(jī)對(duì)這港口進(jìn)行了一次突然襲擊。自我探究strike可用作動(dòng)詞和名詞，意為“襲擊”，尤指“雷電、暴風(fēng)雨等自然災(zāi)害”。strike的過去式與過去分詞是struck，struck/stricken。歸納拓展③Strikewhiletheironishot.(諺)趁熱打鐵。④Anideasuddenlystruckme.我忽然想到一個(gè)主意。⑤Theworkersinthecompanyarestrikingforhigherpay.這個(gè)公司的工人正為要求增加工資而罷工。⑥Theclockhasjuststruckfour.這鐘剛敲過四下。⑦Iwasstruckbyherbeauty.她的美貌給我留下了深刻的印象。⑧Theworkersarestillonstrike.工人們還在罷工。易混辨析strike，hit，beatstrike(急速或突然地用力)打一下或若干下；strike還可用于“打動(dòng)、迷住、劃火柴；敲鐘；突然想到”之意。hit對(duì)準(zhǔn)目標(biāo)重重一擊，有時(shí)也指“打一下”。另外hit用作名詞，也可表示“打擊；碰撞；諷刺；演出成功”之意。beat連續(xù)地、反復(fù)地打；有規(guī)律地運(yùn)動(dòng)，還可指擊敗對(duì)手?！?心臟)跳動(dòng)和鳥兒拍打翅膀”都用beat。⑨Theshipstruckarock.船觸礁了。⑩WhenweheardourteambeattheJapaneseteam，webeatthedrumsgladly.當(dāng)聽到我們隊(duì)?wèi)?zhàn)勝了日本隊(duì)后，我們高興地打鼓。?Thestonehithimonthehead.石頭擊中了他的頭部。牛刀小試Allofusremembertheearthquakethat________Tangshantwentyyearsago.A．a(chǎn)ttacked B．hittedC．knocked D．struck解析：選D。暴風(fēng)雨、地震等“侵襲”某一地區(qū)可用strike或hit；但hit的過去式、過去分詞為原形。8ThecemeterywhereCoghlanwasburiedwasdestroyedbythehurricaneandCoghlan’scoffinendedupinthesea.埋葬科格倫的墓地被颶風(fēng)破壞，他的棺材最后被卷進(jìn)了大海。品味經(jīng)典①You’llendupinfailureifyoudon’tfollowmyadvice.如果你不聽我的建議，你最終會(huì)失敗。②Ifhecarriesondrivinglikethat,he’llendupdead.他照這樣開車，早晚得死于非命。③Iendedupspendingthenightintheairport.結(jié)果是我在機(jī)場(chǎng)過的夜。自我探究endup意為“結(jié)束；結(jié)果為”。后面可跟介詞in強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)束，跟介詞with

表示“以……結(jié)束”，還可跟v.-ing形式。歸納拓展④TheoriginalVenicecarnivalcametoanendabout200yearsago.最初的威尼斯狂歡節(jié)在200年前告終。⑤It’shopedthatthetalksmaybringanendtotheviolence.人們希望會(huì)談能結(jié)束暴力沖突。牛刀小試(2010年高考天津卷)Joiningthefirmasaclerk，hegotrapidpromotion，and________asamanager.A．endedup B．droppedoutC．cameback D．startedoff解析：選A。句意：作為職員加盟公司，他得到了迅速的提升，并且最終當(dāng)上了經(jīng)理。考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。endup“最終”；dropout“退出、輟學(xué)”；comeback“回來”；startoff“起身、出發(fā)”。根據(jù)題意選A。9Onaverage,thereare800tornadoesintheUSeachyear,causingabout80deathsand1,500injuries.美國(guó)每年平均會(huì)發(fā)生800次龍卷風(fēng)，造成大約80人死亡，1500人受傷。Theworsttornadoofalltimeoccurredin1925，affectingthreeUSstates：Missouri，Illinois，andIndiana.

歷史上最嚴(yán)重的龍卷風(fēng)發(fā)生在1925年，影響到美國(guó)三個(gè)州：密蘇里州、伊利諾伊州和印第安納州。句型巧析品味經(jīng)典①Therewasaheavyrain,causingfloodsinthearea.天降暴雨，導(dǎo)致那個(gè)地區(qū)洪水泛濫。②Thenaughtyboyturnedoffthelights，makingthestudentsintheclassroomseenothing.那個(gè)淘氣的孩子關(guān)掉了電燈，使得教室內(nèi)的學(xué)生什么都看不到了。③Hisuncledied，leavinghimalotofmoney.他叔叔去世了，留給他很多錢。④Hestoppedhiscarquickly，preventinganaccident.他迅速停車，阻止了意外事故的發(fā)生。自我探究v．-ing形式可用作結(jié)果狀語，表示前面主句動(dòng)作帶來或造成的一種意料之中的結(jié)果，相當(dāng)于andit＋v.并列結(jié)構(gòu)。牛刀小試Itrainedheavilyinthesouth,________seriousfloodinginseveralprovinces.A．caused

B．havingcausedC．causing D．tocause解析：選C?？疾榉侵^語動(dòng)詞?？崭窈髎eriousflooding是rainedheavily的后果，而且句子主語it和cause之間存在主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以此處要用動(dòng)詞的-ing形式作結(jié)果狀語。10Theycandestroyhouses，butleavethefurnitureinsideexactlywhereitwas.它們能毀掉房子，卻把房里的家具留在原處。品味經(jīng)典①Leavethericetocookfor20minutes.把大米煮20分鐘。②Iwishyou’dstopleavingthedooropen.我希望你別老開著門。③I’vetoldyoutoleavemythingsalone.我已經(jīng)告訴過你不要?jiǎng)游业臇|西。④Hisparentsdiedintheaccident，leavinghimanorphan.他的父母在那起事故中去世了，他成了孤兒。自我探究leave＋賓語＋賓語補(bǔ)足語結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“讓……處于某種狀態(tài)”的意思。賓語補(bǔ)足語可以是名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、過去分詞、動(dòng)詞不定式等。牛刀小試Heisverytiredworkingallday.Don’t________himwaitingoutsideintherainanylonger.A．continue

B．leaveC．make D．remain解析：選B。根據(jù)本句話的意思“他工作累了一整天了，不要讓他再在外邊雨中等著了”分析，此處用動(dòng)詞leave，構(gòu)成短語結(jié)構(gòu)leavesb.doingsth.表示“使某人處于某種狀態(tài)或從事某一動(dòng)作”的意思。譯文助讀WhatIsaTornado?Atornadoisarotatingcolumnofairfromathunderstormtotheground.Themostviolenthavewindsofmorethan400kilometresperhour.AlmostallofthemoccurintheUS，intheareafromTexasinthesoutheasttoSouthDakotainthenorth.Tornadoescanpickupcars，trainsandevenhousesandputthemdowninthenextstreet—oreveninthenexttown.Theycantakethefuroffthebackofacatandthefeathersoffachicken.Theycandestroyhouses，butleavethefurnitureinsideexactlywhereitwas.Onaverage，thereare800tornadoesintheUSeachyear，causingabout80deathsand1,500injuries.Theworsttornadoofalltimeoccurredin1925，affectingthreeUSstates：Missouri，IllinoisandIndiana.Bythetimeitended，morethan700peoplehadbeenkilledand2,700hadbeeninjured.WhatIsaHurricane?Hurricanesarestrongtropicalstorms，andtheyusuallyoccurinthesouthernAtlanticOcean，theCaribbeanSeaandtheGulfofMexico.Thereareviolentwindsof120kilometresperhourormore，whichcausehugewaves，heavyrainandfloods.ThereareonaveragesixAtlantichurricaneseachyearandtheyusuallyaffecttheeastcoastoftheUSfromTexastoMaine.Theworsthurricanedisasterofalltimeoccurredonthe8thSeptember1900inGalveston，Texas.Windsof200kilometresperhourandfive-metrehighwaveshitthecity.Thedisasterkilled6,000peopleinapopulationof37,000anddestroyed3,600buildings.AnExtraordinaryEventThisisastoryaboutthe1900Galvestonhurricane.CharlesCoghlanwasanineteenth-centuryIrishactorwhowenttoliveinCanada.HethenmovedtoNewYork，wherehebecamefamous.Bythelate18