高考英語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)從句.賓語(yǔ)從句的定義學(xué)習(xí)賓語(yǔ)從句要抓住三要素：連接詞、語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)。一、關(guān)聯(lián)詞在復(fù)合句中作主句的賓語(yǔ)，引導(dǎo)詞有：從屬連詞：that（that?？墒÷裕瑆hether,if連接代詞：who,whose,what,which連接副詞：when,where,how,why等。that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句（在非正式場(chǎng)合hat可以省略）可跟that從句做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：say,think,insist,wish,hope,demand,imagine,wonder,know,suppose,see,believe,agree,admit,deny,expect,explain,order,command,feel,dream,suggest,hear,mean,notice,prefer,request,require,propose,declare,report等。Theboybelievesthathewilltravelthroughspacetootherplanets.在以下情況中that不能省略1、當(dāng)句中的動(dòng)詞后接多于兩個(gè)由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，第一個(gè)that可省，但后面的that不可省。Ibelieve（that）youhavedoneyourbestandthatthingswillgetbetter.2、 當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與that賓語(yǔ)從句之間有插入語(yǔ)時(shí)，that一般不可省。JustthenInoticed,forthefirsttime,thatourmasterwaswearinghisfinegreencoatandhisblacksilkcap.3、當(dāng)that從句是雙賓語(yǔ)中的直接賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，that不可省。Ican'ttellhimthathismotherdied.4、當(dāng)it作形式賓語(yǔ)時(shí)例句：Shemadeitclearthatshehadnothingtodowithhim.許多帶復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的句子，that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句經(jīng)常移到句子后部，而用it作形式賓語(yǔ)。5、當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句前置時(shí)Thatourteamwillwin,Ibelieve.6、當(dāng)that作learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)；由whether,if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句當(dāng)由一般疑問(wèn)句充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，用if或whether引導(dǎo)，意為“是否"。如:Idon,tknowif/whetherhestillliveshereaftersomanyyears我不知道這么多年后他是否還住在這兒。但在下列情況下只能用whether,不能用if：①在具有選擇意義，又有or或ornot時(shí)，尤其是直接與ornot連用時(shí)，往往用whether(if…ornot也可以使用)。如：Letmeknowwhether/ifhewillcomeornot.(=Letmeknowwhetherornothewillcome)讓我知道他是否能來(lái)。Idon,tknowwhether/ifhedoesanywashingornot(=Idon,tknowwhetherornothedoesanywashing.)我不知道他洗不洗衣服。②在介詞之后用whether。如：I'minterestedinwhetherhelikesEnglish.我關(guān)心的是他是否喜歡英語(yǔ)。We,rethinkingaboutwhetherwecanfinishtheworkontime我們正在考慮是否能按時(shí)完成這項(xiàng)工作。③在不定式前用whether。如：Hehasn'tdecidedwhethertovisittheoldman.他尚未決定是否拜訪那位老人。Hehasn'tdecidedwhethertogobybusorbytrain.他還未決定是乘公共汽車去還是坐火車去。④whether置于句首時(shí)，不能換用if。如：Whetherthisistrueornot,Ican'tsay.這是否真的我說(shuō)不上來(lái)。⑤引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句和表語(yǔ)從句時(shí)宜用whether。如：Whethershewillcomeornotisstillaquestion.她是否能來(lái)還是個(gè)問(wèn)題。⑥若用if會(huì)引起歧義時(shí)，則用whether。如：Pleaseletmeknowifyoulikethebook.可理解為：b.Ifyoulikethebook,pleaseletmeknow.你如果喜歡這本書(shū)，請(qǐng)告訴我只能用if不能用whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句1、if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“如果”Thestudentswillgoonapicnicifitissunny.2、if引導(dǎo)否定概念的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)HeaskedifIdidn'tcometoschoolyesterday.3、引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句evenif（即使）和asif（好象）時(shí)Hetalksasifhehasknownallaboutit.連接代詞和連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句這樣的賓語(yǔ)從句實(shí)際上是由特殊疑問(wèn)句變化而來(lái)的，賓語(yǔ)從句要用陳述句語(yǔ)序。用于這種結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞常常是：see,say,tell,ask,answer,know,decide,show,findout,imagine,suggest,doubt,wonder,discover,understand,inform,advise等。②連接代詞：who,whom,whose,which,what,在句中擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)或者表語(yǔ)。連接代詞一般指疑問(wèn)，但what,whatever除了指疑問(wèn)外，也可以指陳述.DoyouknowwhohaswonRedAlertgame?你知道是誰(shuí)贏得了紅色警報(bào)的游戲么？ThebookwillshowyouwhatthebestCEOsshouldknow.這本書(shū)會(huì)告訴你最好的執(zhí)行總裁該了解什么.Haveyoudeterminedwhicheveryoushouldbuy,aMotorolaorNokiacellphone?你決定好是買(mǎi)諾基亞還是摩托羅拉的電話了嗎 ？③連接副詞有：when,where,why,how，在句中擔(dān)任狀語(yǔ)的成分。Hedidn’ttellmewhenweshouldmeetagain.他沒(méi)有告訴我什么時(shí)候我們能再見(jiàn)面 .Couldyoupleasetellmehowyouusethenewpanel?你能告訴我怎么用這個(gè)新的操作盤(pán)嗎？Noneofusknowswherethesenewpartscanbebought.沒(méi)有人知道這些的新的零件能在哪里買(mǎi)到.在試卷中一般依據(jù)從句中“缺什么補(bǔ)什么”的原則，結(jié)合上下文選用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞。如：Idon'tknowwhowillbeourheadteachernextsemester.缺指人的主語(yǔ)用who，如缺指物的主語(yǔ)則用what。Idoubtwhatmyepalwillwritesoon.缺指物的賓語(yǔ)用what，如缺指人的賓語(yǔ)則用whom。Ithinkthatmydeskmatewillgetthroughallthemajorsubjects.句子不缺成分，用that;如果that后踉有代詞，可省略that。Sheletmeknowwhenthemeetingwouldbeheld.缺時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，用when；缺地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，用where；缺原因狀語(yǔ)，用why；缺方式狀語(yǔ)，用how。Idon'tknowwhich/whattopicIshouldchoose.缺定語(yǔ)，用what或which。Theteacheraskedwhether/ifIwasgettingreadyforthecomingtest.表示“是否（有，能，已經(jīng)……）”等含義，用whether或if。I’dbeinterestedtoknowwhetherhewillseethemovie“Dawn”ornot.強(qiáng)調(diào)是否對(duì)比時(shí)，用連詞whether。二、語(yǔ)序以從屬連詞（if，whether）、連接代詞（what，which，who，whose）和連接副詞（when，where，how，why）等引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述句語(yǔ)序。即：連接代郵副詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其他成分。例6Noonecanbesureinamillionyears.A.whatmanwilllooklike B.whatwillmanlooklikeC.manwilllooklikewhat D.whatlookwillmanlike例7Thebosswentuptoask.A.whatthematterwasB.what'sthematterC.whatwasthematterD.whatthematteris三、時(shí)態(tài)賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)要和主句相呼應(yīng)：.如果主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)可不受約束；.如果主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是過(guò)去時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)須與之呼應(yīng)；Eg.Ithoughthehadgonetotowntoday..當(dāng)從句敘述的是客觀真理時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。如：Eg.Galileoinsistedthattheearthmovesroundthesun.例8ThemanagerenteredtheofficeandwashappytolearnfourfifthsoftheticketsA.wasbookedB.hadbeenbookedC.werebookedD.havebeenbooked例9Wewereallsurprisedwhenhemadeitclearthatheofficesoon.A.leavesB.wouldleave C.hadleftD.hadbeenaway例10—Doyouworkinthelabeveryafternoon? —No,butsometimesIwishIA.havetimeB.hadtimetodoC.havetimetoD.hadtimeto四、賓語(yǔ)從句的減縮式賓語(yǔ)從句有時(shí)可減縮為“疑問(wèn)詞+不定式”的形式。例11I’veworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhatinmynewjob.A.expected B.toexpect C.tobeexpectingD.expects例12ItissaidinAustraliathereismorelandthanthegovernmentknows.A.itwhattodowith B.whattodoitwithC.whattodowithit D.todowhatwithit例13Themotherdidn'tknowtoblameforthebrokenglassesasithappenedwhileshewasout.A.whoB.when C.how D.what五、賓語(yǔ)從句的特殊式.復(fù)合連接代詞在賓語(yǔ)從句中的使用。如：Sarahhopestobecomeafriendofwhoeversharesherinterest.(whoever=anyonewho/anypersonwho)ThesewildflowersaresospecialIwoulddowhateverIcantosavethem.(whatever=anythingthat)Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachildwhateverheorshewants.whatever在此處是泛指，不可被what替代。而“Ican'trememberatthemomentwhohassaidthewords.”中的who表特定的某人，不可以改成whoever。.it作形式賓語(yǔ)，從句作真正賓語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞+it+important/necessary/natural/etc.+thatclause,thatclause中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前可加should，亦可省略。如：Ithinkitimportantthatyou(should)attendtheconference.(2)動(dòng)詞+it+as+名詞/形容詞+clause。如：Thelecturertakesitasencouragingwhensomanystudentsattendhislecture.(3)動(dòng)詞+it+介詞+thatclause。常見(jiàn)的有：oweittosb.+thatclause(把 歸功于某人），leaveittosb.+thatclause（把 留給某人去做），takeitforgranted+thatclause（想當(dāng)然），keepitinmind+thatclause（記住 ）。如：Ijusttookitforgrantedthathe'dalwaysbearound.（4）動(dòng)詞+it+clause。如：Ihateitwhenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.英語(yǔ)中少數(shù)介詞很活躍，能帶從句作其賓語(yǔ)。如：Igotoseeafilmexceptwhenitrains.3.含賓語(yǔ)從句的反意疑問(wèn)句。當(dāng)陳述部分帶有that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)一般應(yīng)與陳述部分主句的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)保持對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系。如：Briantoldyouthattherewasn'tanyoneintheroomatthattime,didn'the?當(dāng)陳述部分主句的主語(yǔ)是第一人稱，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是think /believe/suppose/guess/imagine/expect/suspect/feel等時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)往往與陳述部分從句中的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)保持對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系，此時(shí)實(shí)質(zhì)上是將對(duì)主句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移到對(duì)從句的否定上。如：Idon'tsupposeanyonewillvolunteer,willthey?Idon'tbelievethatmaniskilledbyJim,ishe?我認(rèn)為那個(gè)人不是Jim所殺的，是不是？主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,fancy,guess等，并且主句的主語(yǔ)是第一人稱而且為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句的否定詞一般要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句上來(lái)，其反義疑問(wèn)句一般與賓語(yǔ)從句一致.Idon'tbelievethatmaniskilledbyJim,ishe?我認(rèn)為那個(gè)人不是Jim所殺的，是不是？IexpectourEnglishteacherwillbebackthisweekend,won,tshe/he?Wesupposeyouhavefinishedtheproject,haven,tyou?例14Thepooryoungmanisreadytoaccepthelphecanget.A.whicheverB.howeverC.whatever D.whenever例15hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.A.WhoB.Theone C.AnyoneD.Whoever例16I'dappreciateifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.A.thatB.it C.thisD.you例17—Idon'tthinkyoucouldhavebeenusedtothequickpaceoflifewhilestudyingintheUSAyou?—.Ithoughtofreturningtoourcountryatonetime.A.had;Yes B.do;Yes C.have;No D.were;No例18Withhisworkcompleted,thebusinessmansteppedbacktohisseat,feelingpleasedhewasamanofaction.A.which B.that C.what D.whether賓語(yǔ)從句練習(xí)題類型一：引導(dǎo)詞的運(yùn)用

Idon’tknowornot.A.whetherheisathomeB.ifheisathomeC.thatheisathomeD.whetherisheathomeThisdependsontheweatherisfine.A.whichB.whetherC.if D.thatTheteacheraskedthenewstudentclasshewasinA.whichB.whereC.if D.thatIdon'tknowMrGreenwillcometoseeusHe'llhelpuswithourEnglish.A.why B.whenC.how D.where Becareful!Don'tbreakthebottles.DoyouhearIsaid?David? Yes,MumA.whatB.thatC.whyD.ifDoyouknowMrBlack'saddressis? HemayliveatNO.18orNo.19ofBridgeStreet.I'mnotsureof.A.where,whichB.where,whatC.what,whichD.what,whereThereisnotmuchdifferencebetweenthetwo.Ireallydon'tknow.A.whatshouldIchoose B.whichIshouldchooseC.whichshouldIchoose D.whatIshouldchoose類型二：賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序Didyoufindout?A.shewaslookingforwhosechildB.whosechildwasshelookingforC.whosechildsheislookingfor D.whosechildshewaslookingforAreyouinterestedin?howdidhedoitB.hedidithowC.howhediditD.hehowdidit(3)Idon'tknow.Canyoutellme?howthetwoplayersareold B.howoldarethetwoplayersthetwoplayersarehowold D.howoldthetwoplayersare Whatdidthescientistsay? Hesaidhewonderedifintospacebyspaceshiponeday.A.hehadtoflyB.hecouldflyC.canheflyD.couldhefly(5)Excuseme,sir.Couldyoutellme?A. Wherethebanknearest B. whereisthenearestbankC. wherethenearestbank is D. thenearestbankiswhereSheaskedTomwithhiscar?A. whatthematterwas B. whatthematterisC.whatwasthematterD.whatisthematterC.whatwasthematterD.whatisthematter類型三：時(shí)態(tài)It's7：30.Ican'tbelieveyoucookingdinneryet,Sally.A.haven'tstartedB.didn't C.don'tstartD.hadn'tstartedTheteachertoldusyesterdaythatDecember25ChristmasDay.A.isB.wasC.hasbeen D.willbeTheteachersaidthattheearthroundthesunA.goesB.goC.wentD.willgoWe'dliketotellyouthatyoutheexam.A.havepassedB.hadpassedC.pass D.willpass

“Could youtellme?” “ Yes. They tothelibrary.”A. whereare thetwins, have been B. where werethetwins,have beenC. wherethe twinsare, have gone D, where thetwinswere,have goneOurfathersaidthatheanewcomputernextweek.A.willbuyB.haveboughtC.wouldbuyD.buysIhearthathetoBeijingyesterday.A.goesB.willgoC.wentD.havegone類型四：其他 反意疑問(wèn)句，it做形式賓語(yǔ).Idon'tthinkheisright,?A.isn'the B.ishe C.doI D.don'tI.Hebelievessheisright,?A.doesn'the B.doeshe C.isshe D.isn'tshe.Ithoughtthathedislikedplayingfootball,?A.didn'the B.didhe C.didID.didn'tI.IfindimportantthatwepracticeEnglisheveryday.A.it B.this C.that D.what.Youcan'timaginewhentheyreceivedthenicegift.howtheywereexcited B.howexcitedtheywerehowexcitedwerethey D.theywerehowexcited高考題1Whatdidyouparentsthinkaboutyourdecision?—TheyalwaysletmedoIthinkIshould.A.off.A.全國(guó)卷)whenPleasewhereB.thatremindmeC.how

hesaidhewas(06全國(guó)H)D.whatgoin.gImaybeintimetoseehimB.whenC.howD.what(06全國(guó)I)—TheyalwaysletmedoIthinkIshould.A.off.A.全國(guó)卷)whenPleasewhereB.thatremindmeC.how

hesaidhewas(06全國(guó)H)D.whatgoin.gImaybeintimetoseehimB.whenC.howD.what(06全國(guó)I)Marywroteanarticleontheteamhadfailedtowinthegame(05A.whyB.whatC.whoD.thatSomeoneisringingA.whoisheB.thedoorbellGoandsee.(2000上海)

whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitis5.Wehaven'theardfromJaneforalongtime.5.Wehaven'theardfromJanefor