Grammar-ingusedasattributeoradverbialReadthesentencesfromthetext.Isawseveralyoungpeopleenterthewaiting

arealookingaroundcuriously.2.Istoodforaminutewatchingthemandwenttogreetthem.3.Shesteppedbackappearingsurprised…4.ThenAkiraNagatafromJapancameinsmiling,togetherwith…5.…,sherecognizedTonyGarcia’ssmilingface.attributeadverbialadverbialadverbialattribute當(dāng)動(dòng)詞-ing作定語單獨(dú)做定語時(shí)，放在所修飾的名詞前；如果是動(dòng)詞-ing短語做定語放在名詞后。Inthefollowingyearsheworkedevenharder.在后來的幾年中，他學(xué)習(xí)更努力了。Themanspeakingtotheteacherisourmonitor'sfather.正與老師談話的那個(gè)人是我們班長的父親。動(dòng)詞-ing做定語現(xiàn)在分詞作定語相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句的句法功能，如：inthefollowingyears=intheyearsthatfollowed

themanspeakingtotheteacher=themanwhoisspeakingtotheteacher

1.____dogsseldombite.A.BarkB.TobarkC.BarkedD.Barking2.Thewolfspokeina_____voiceandMr.Dongguofelt______.A.frightening;frightenedB.frightened;frightenedC.frighten;frighteningD.frightening;frighteningDA

3.It’spleasuretowatchthefaceofa____baby.A.asleepB.sleepC.sleepingD.slept4.The____buildingsshowedusthatanearthquakewascoming.A.shakingB.shookC.shakenD.shake

CA動(dòng)詞-ing在語法功能上相當(dāng)于形容詞和副詞。現(xiàn)在分詞通常和邏輯主語之間存在主動(dòng)關(guān)系。但要注意它地各種形式變化：主動(dòng)形式被動(dòng)形式

V-ingbeingV-edhavingV-edhavingbeenV-ed

動(dòng)詞-ing做狀語一般式完成式Hearingthebell,thestudentsbegantoentertheclassroom.聽見和進(jìn)入兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生Thebuildingbeingbuiltnowisournewlibrary.beingbuilt為現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)形式，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行之中。Havingdonethework,hewenthome.完成了工作，他就回家了?，F(xiàn)在分詞作狀語現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語往往和邏輯主語之間存在主動(dòng)關(guān)系。現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，常常用來表示原因、時(shí)間、方式、結(jié)果、條件、伴隨狀況等?，F(xiàn)在分詞一般不用作表目的地狀語（通常用不定式表目的地狀語）。Walkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.(=WhenIwaswalkinginthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.)Whilewaitingforthebus,hereadacopyofChinaDaily.(=Whilehewaswaitingforthebus,hereadacopyofChinaDaily.)1）表時(shí)間狀語2)表原因狀語Beingill,hedidn’tgotoschool.(=Ashewasill,hedidn’tgotoschool.)Beingastudent,youshouldstudyhard.(=Sinceyouareastudent,youshouldstudyhard.)Thinkinghemightbeathome,Icalledhim.

(AsIthoughthemightbeathome,Icalledhim.)153)做方式狀語或者伴隨狀語：作伴隨狀語的分詞表示的動(dòng)作，必須是主語的一個(gè)動(dòng)作，或與謂語所表示的動(dòng)作（或狀態(tài)）同時(shí)發(fā)生Hesatonthesofa,watchingTV.(=Hesatonthesofa,andwatchedTV.)他們有說有笑地走進(jìn)了教室。____________________,theywentintotheclassroom.他斜靠(lean)著墻站著。Hestood__________againstthewall.(＝Hestoodandleanedagainstthewall.)Laughingandtalkingleaning4)表結(jié)果Hermotherdiedin1990,leavingherwithheryoungerbrother.(=Hermotherdiedin1990,andleftherwithheryoungerbrother.)全國到處在傳唱這首歌曲，使它成了一首最受歡迎地歌曲。Thesongissungalloverthecountry,_____________________________.makingitthemostpopularsong5)表?xiàng)l件Usingyourhead,youwillfindaway.(=If

youuseyourhead,youwillfindaway.)一直往前走，你就會(huì)看到一座白色地房子。______________,youwillseeawhitehouse.Walkingahead=Ifyouwalkahead,youwillseeawhitehouse.6)與邏輯主語構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格：

Alltheticketshavingbeensoldout,theywentawaydisappointedly.所有的票已經(jīng)賣光了，他們失望地離開了。Timepermitting,we'lldoanothertwoexercises.如果時(shí)間允許，我們將做另兩個(gè)練習(xí)。

=Foralltheticketshavebeensoldout,theywentawaydisappointedly.=Iftimepermits,we'lldoanothertwoexercises.(7)作獨(dú)立成分：

Judgingfrom

(by)hisappearance,hemustbeanactor.從外表看，他一定是個(gè)演員。Thinkingof….Consideringthat…

1.Havingnotseenthefilm,Ican’ttellyouwhatIthinkofit.2.Themenworkedforextrahoursgotanextrapay.3.Seenfromthetopofthehill,wefindthecitymorebeautiful.4.Generallyspeak,facialexpressionsarehelpfulcommunications,too.NothavingworkingSeeingspeakingCorrectthesentences.5.“Can’tyouread?”themansaid,angrilypointedtothenoticeonthewall.6.Knockingatthedoorbeforeentering,please.7.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,madeitthemostpopularsportintheworld.pointingKnockmaking124Choosethebestanswer.

1.Theysetout____forthe____boy.A.searching;losingB.searching;lostC.tosearch;lostD.searched;losing2.Thestudentsatthere,____whattodo.A.doesn’tknowingB.didn’tknowingC.notknowD.notknowingcD3.Hesatthere_____,withhisheadonhishand.A.andthinkB.thinkingC.thoughtD.beingthought4.The____PrimeMinisterexpressedhissatisfactionwithhistalks,___thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.A.visiting;addB.visited;addingC.visiting;addingD.visited;addedBC5.Thestrangersaidsomethingina_______voiceandthelittlegirlwasverymuch________A.frightening,frightenedB.frightened,frighteningC.frightening,frighteningD.frightened,frightenedA6.________thepiano,someonesuddenlyknockedatthedoor.A.PlayingB.WhenIwasplayingC.RepairingD.ExaminingB7.Mothercaughttheboy______inthecorner.A.smokeB.tosmokeC.beingsmokedD.smokingD8.Generallyspeaking,______accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.A.whentakingB.whentakenC.whentotakeD.whentobetakenB9.______theprogramme,theyhavetostaythereforanother2weeks.A.NotcompletingB.NotcompletedC.NothavingcompletedD.HavingnotcompletedC10.“Wecan’tgooutinthisweather”,saidBob,____outofthewindow.A.lookingB.tolookC.lookedD.havinglooked11.Though_____money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.A.lackedB.lackingofC.lackingD.lackedin

AC13._______suchheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.A.HavingsufferedB.SufferingC.TosufferD.SufferedA14.Helookedaroundandcaughtaman______hishandintothepocketofapassenger.A.putB.tobeputtingC.toputD.putting15.---Youwerebraveenoughtoraiseobjectionsatthemeeting.---Well,nowIregret________that.A.todoB.tobedoingC.tohavedoneD.havingdoneDD16.Suddenly,atallmandrivingagoldencarriage_____thegirlandtookheraway,____intothewoods.A.seizing;disappearedB.seized;disappearedC.seizing;disappearingD.seized;disappearingD11517.______inthequeueofhalfanhour.Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.A.TowaitB.HavewaitedC.HavingwaitedD.Tohavewaited18.Thepicture_____onthewallispaintedbymynephew.A.HavinghungB.hangingC.hangsD.beinghungCB19._______awaysuddenly,thegirlwithtearfuleyesranoutoftheoffice.

A.TurnedB.Toturn

C.TurningD.Turn

20.Theproblem_______atthemeeting

nowishowtohelpthelocaleconomy

developquickly.

A.discussingB.discuss

C.beingdiscussed

D.tobediscussedCC21.It’snecessarytobepreparedforajob

interview.______theanswersreadywillbeofgreathelp.

A.TohavehadB.Havinghad

C.Have

D.Having

22.Ican’tstand_______withJaneinthe

sameoffice.

A.workingB.towork

AD23.Peterreceivedaletterjustnow______hisgrandmawouldcometoseehimsoon.

A.saidB.says

C.sayingD.tosay

24.We