Unit16TranslatetheparagraphsintoChinese.1Weallsensedwewerecomingtotheendofourstayhere,thatwewouldnevergetachancelikethisagain,andwebecamedeterminednottowasteit.MostimportantofcoursewerethefinalexamsinAprilandMayinthefollowingyear.Noonewantedthehumiliationoffinishinglastinclass,sothepeergrouppressuretoworkhardwasstrong.Librarieswhichwereonceemptyafterfiveo’clockintheafternoonwerestandingroomonlyuntiltheearlyhoursofthemorning,andguysworethebagsundertheireyesandtheirpale,sleepyfaceswithpride,likemedalsprovingtheirdiligence.(?andguysworethebagsundertheireyesandtheirpale,sleepyfaceswithpride…這句的動詞wear后面帶兩個賓語，中Unit1Discoveringyourself22文找不到能帶這兩個賓語的動詞，故處理成四個中文短句；翻譯likemedalsprovingtheirdiligence時，采用“增詞法”增加“這些”來概括前面所描寫的“眼袋”，“臉色蒼白”，“睡眼惺忪”等，使譯文含義更加清晰流暢。)我們都覺得在校時間不多了，以后再也不會有這樣的學(xué)習(xí)機(jī)會了，所以都下定決心不再虛度光陰。當(dāng)然，下一年四五月份的期末考試最為重要。我們誰都不想考全班倒數(shù)第一，那也太丟人了，因此同學(xué)們之間的競爭壓力特別大。以前每天下午五點(diǎn)以后，圖書館就空無一人了，現(xiàn)在卻要等到天快亮?xí)r才會有空座，小伙子們熬夜熬出了眼袋，他們臉色蒼白，睡眼惺忪，卻很自豪，好像這些都是表彰他們勤奮好學(xué)的獎?wù)隆?Tomorrow?It’sallalie;thereisn’tatomorrow.There’sonlyapromissorynotethatweareoftennotinapositiontocash.Itdoesn’tevenexist.Whenyouwakeupinthemorningit’llbetodayagainandallthesameruleswillapply.Tomorrowisjustanotherversionofnow,anemptyfieldthatwillremainsounlesswestartplantingsomeseeds.Yourtime,whichistickingawayaswespeak(atabout60secondsaminutechronologically;abitfasterifyoudon’tinvestyourtimewisely),willbegoneandyou’llhavenothingtoshowforitbutregretandarear-viewmirrorfullof“couldhaves”,“shouldhaves”and“wouldhaves”.(?本段的難點(diǎn)在于對一些詞的理解與翻譯，如anemptyfieldthatwillremainso,chronologically,investyourtimewisely,havenothingtoshowforitbut等等?！癱ouldhaves”,“shouldhaves”,“wouldhaves”是表達(dá)與事實(shí)相反的條件句，指自己沒有做，但有可能或應(yīng)該做的事情。)明天行嗎？明天只是個謊言；根本就沒有什么明天，只有一張我們常常無法兌現(xiàn)的期票。明天甚至壓根兒就不存在。你早上醒來時又是另一個今天了，同樣的規(guī)則又可以全部套用。明天只是現(xiàn)在的另一種說法，是一塊空地，除非我們開始在那里播種，否則它永遠(yuǎn)都是空地。你的時間會流逝（時間就在我們說話的當(dāng)下嘀嗒嘀塔地走著，每分鐘順時針走60秒，如果你不能很好地利用它，它會走得更快些），而你沒有取得任何成就來證明它的存在，唯獨(dú)留下遺憾，留下一面后視鏡，上面寫滿了“本可以做”、“本應(yīng)該做”、“本來會做”的事情。7TranslatetheparagraphsintoEnglish.1對于是否應(yīng)該在大學(xué)期間詳細(xì)規(guī)劃自己的未來，學(xué)生們意見不一。有的人認(rèn)為對未來應(yīng)該有一個明確的目標(biāo)和詳細(xì)的計(jì)劃，為日后可能遇到的挑戰(zhàn)做好充分的準(zhǔn)備；有的人則認(rèn)為不用過多考慮未來，因?yàn)槲磥黼y以預(yù)料。(mapout;braceoneselffor;uncertainty)Studentsdifferaboutwhethertheyshouldhavetheirfuturemappedoutwhentheyarestillatuniversity.Somethinktheyshouldhaveadefinitegoalanddetailedplan,soastobracethemselvesforanychallenges,whereassomeothersthinktheydon’thavetothinkmuchaboutthefuture,becausefutureisfullofuncertainties.2經(jīng)過仔細(xì)檢查，這位科學(xué)家得知自己患了絕癥。雖然知道自己將不久于人世，他并沒有抱怨命運(yùn)的不公，而是準(zhǔn)備好好利用剩下的日子，爭取加速推進(jìn)由他和同事們共同發(fā)起的那個研究項(xiàng)目，以提前結(jié)項(xiàng)。(tickaway;makethebestof;haveashotat)Afteraverycarefulcheck-up,thescientistwastoldhehadgotafataldisease.Althoughheknewthathislifewastickingaway,insteadofcomplainingaboutthefate,thescientistdecidedtomakethebestoftheremainingdays,andspeeduptheresearchprojectheandhiscolleaguesinitiated,andhaveashotatcompletingitaheadofschedule.Unit24TranslatetheparagraphsintoChinese.1MyflyingdreamswerebelievableasalandscapebyDali,sorealthatIwouldawakewithasuddenshock,abreathlesssenseofhavingtumbledlikeIcarusfromtheskyandcaughtmyselfonthesoftbedjustintime.ThesenightlyadventuresinspacebeganwhenSupermanstartedinvadingmydreamsandteachingmehowtofly.Heusedtocomeroaringbyinhisshiningbluesuitwithhiscapewhistlinginthewind,lookingremarkablylikemyUncleFrankwhowaslivingwithmotherandme.InthemagicwhirlingofhiscapeIcouldhearthewingsofahundredseagulls,themotorsofathousandplanes.我的飛行夢像達(dá)利的風(fēng)景畫那么真實(shí)可信，以致于自己常常會在一陣驚嚇中醒來，好像伊卡羅斯那樣從空中摔下來，雖然發(fā)現(xiàn)自己剛好掉到軟軟的床上，但也被嚇得喘不過氣來。當(dāng)超人開始侵入我的夢鄉(xiāng)，并教給我飛行的技巧之后，我每夜的太空冒險便開始了。超人身著耀眼的藍(lán)色衣服，肩披隨風(fēng)颼颼作響的斗篷，經(jīng)常從我身邊呼嘯而過。他長得太像我的舅舅弗蘭克了，舅舅那會兒正跟媽媽和我住在一起。當(dāng)超人的斗篷神奇地旋轉(zhuǎn)時，我好像能聽見上百只海鷗的振翅聲，上千架飛機(jī)的馬達(dá)轟鳴聲。2Incontrast,childrenonthePacificislandofTonga,studiedbyHelenMorton,areregularlybeatenbytheirparentsandoldersiblings.Theyareseenasbeingclosertomadpeoplethanadultsbecausetheylackthehighlyprizedqualityofsocialcompetence(orpotoastheTonganscallit).Theyareregularlytoldoffforbeingclumsyandachildwhofallsovermaybelaughedat,shoutedat,orbeaten.Childrenarethoughtofasmischievous;theycryorwanttofeedsimplybecausetheyarenaughty,andbeatingsareattheirmostseverebetweentheagesofthreeandfivewhenchildrenareseenasparticularlywilful.Parentsbelievethatsocialcompetencecanonlybeachievedthroughdisciplineandphysicalpunishment,andtreattheirchildreninwaysthathaveseemedveryharshtooutsiders.(?這段話里有多處被動用法，有些譯成中文時仍保留被動態(tài)，有些則應(yīng)該變成主動，否則譯文就不通順。)相反，根據(jù)海倫·莫頓的研究，太平洋島國湯加的兒童經(jīng)常挨父母和哥哥姐姐的打。人們認(rèn)為兒童和成年人相比更像瘋子，因?yàn)樗麄內(nèi)狈Ρ淮蠹铱粗氐纳鐣芰Γ尤朔Q之為poto）。小孩子經(jīng)常因?yàn)楸渴直磕_而挨罵，他們連摔跤都會被嘲笑、呵斥，甚至被打。人們認(rèn)為兒童很頑皮，都是因?yàn)樘詺馑麄儾趴摁[，或者要東西吃。在大人看來，三至五歲的兒童尤其任性，因此他們打這個年齡段的孩子也打得最狠。父母們相信，只有靠訓(xùn)導(dǎo)和體罰才能使孩子獲得社會能力，所以他們用一種在外人看來非常嚴(yán)厲的方式對待孩子。5TranslatetheparagraphsintoEnglish.1在火車站上，有一位老人給我講述了他參加解放戰(zhàn)爭的經(jīng)歷，那些戰(zhàn)斗故事對我有著極大的吸引力。后來他上了車，列車從我身邊隆隆地開走了?？赡切┕适氯匀皇悄敲辞逦梢姡瑢τ谟⑿蹅兊膲雅e，我欽佩不已。(fascination;roar;marvelat)Attherailwaystation,anoldmantoldmehisexperienceintheLiberationWar,thefightingstoriesofwhichwereofgreatfascinationtome.Thenhegotuponthetrainanditroaredpastme.ButthestoriesweresorealanddefinitethatIgreatlymarvelledatthecourageousdeedsofthosewarheroes.Unit2Childhoodmemories622行之有效的環(huán)保政策不僅能創(chuàng)造良好的生態(tài)環(huán)境，還能大大降低能源消耗。回顧這個地區(qū)近年來的發(fā)展情況，我們驚喜地發(fā)現(xiàn)地區(qū)政府強(qiáng)制實(shí)行的環(huán)保政策不但沒有受到任何批評，還促使居民增強(qiáng)了環(huán)保意識，盡其所能節(jié)約能源。(consumption;impose;takeexceptionto;prompt)Effectiveenvironmentalpolicymightbringaboutagoodenvironment,aswellasreducingenergyconsumption.Lookingbackontherecentdevelopmentofthisregion,wefind,toourpleasantsurprise,thatlittleexceptionhasbeentakentotheenvironmentalpolicyofthelocalgovernment,andthepolicyhasalsoraisedtheenvironmentalawarenessofthelocalresidentsandpromptedthemtosaveenergyaspossibleastheycould.__Unit36TranslatetheparagraphsintoChinese.1Listen,ifyoucan,tothe48fuguethemesofBach’sWell-TemperedClavichord.Listentoeachtheme,oneafteranother.Youwillsoonrealizethateachthememirrorsadifferentworldoffeeling.Youwillalsosoonrealizethatthemorebeautifulathemeseemstoyoutheharderitistofindanywordthatwilldescribeittoyourcompletesatisfaction.Yes,youwillcertainlyknowwhetheritisagaythemeorasadone.Youwillbeable,inotherwords,inyourownmind,todrawaframeofemotionalfeelingaroundyourtheme.Nowstudythesadonealittlecloser.Trytopindowntheexactqualityofitssadness.Isitpessimisticallysadorresignedlysad;isitfatefullysadorsmilinglysad?可能的話，你不妨聽聽巴赫的《平均律鋼琴曲集》中的48個賦格主題。依次地、一個個地聽聽其中的每一個主題，你很快就會意識到每個主題都反映了一個不同的情感世界，你很快也會意識到你越覺得某個主題美妙，就越難找到令你完全滿意的字眼來描述它。是的，你當(dāng)然知道那個主題是歡快的還是悲傷的。換句話說，你能夠在腦海中勾勒出那個主題的情感框架。那么就更仔細(xì)地聽一下這個悲傷的主題吧，要明確悲傷的性質(zhì)。是悲觀厭世的悲傷，還是無可奈何的悲傷？是時運(yùn)不濟(jì)的悲傷，還是強(qiáng)顏歡笑的悲傷？Artforart’ssakeUnit3992WeknowlessabouttheGirlwiththePearlEarringthananyofVermeer’sworks.Indeed,theunexplainablelackofbackgroundinformationmayevencontributetotheworldwidepopularitythepaintingenjoys.Withsomuchmystery,thepaintinghasbeenthethemeoffirst,anovelandlater,afilm,bothofwhichattempttoanswersomeofthequestionsaboutthepainting,aswellasone,whichisimmediatelymoreappropriatetothemediumofthenovelorthefilm:Areherwideeyesandenigmatichalf-smileinnocentorseductive?我們對《戴珍珠耳環(huán)的少女》的了解比對維梅爾的其他作品都少。實(shí)際上，這種無法解釋的背景資料的缺失甚至?xí)沟迷摦嫺軞g迎。正因?yàn)槿绱松衩?，這幅畫先是成了一部小說的主題，而后又被一部電影所采納。它們都試圖揭開有關(guān)這幅畫的一些謎題，其中一個是：女孩那雙睜得大大的眼睛，以及那一絲神秘的微笑，到底是天真還是誘惑？像小說或電影這類媒介更適合作出回答。7TranslatetheparagraphsintoEnglish.1隨著婚禮的臨近，蘇珊變得非常焦慮。她說不清楚是什么讓自己如此煩惱。在同好友凱特長談了一次后，她才意識到，盡管自己已經(jīng)28歲了，但在情感方面還不夠成熟，還沒有為婚姻做好準(zhǔn)備，也不知道這樁婚姻是否會給自己帶來美滿的家庭生活。(pindown;guarantee)Astheweddingceremonywasapproaching,Susanhadbecomequiteanxious.Shecouldnotpindownwhatexactlywastroublingher.AfteralongtalkwithherclosefriendKate,sherealizedthat,althoughshewas28yearsold,shewasnotemotionallymatureenoughtobereadyformarriageandshewasnotsurewhetherthemarriagewouldguaranteeherahappyfamilylife.2她知道中國學(xué)生總是不愿意表達(dá)自己的情感和想法，這不僅僅因?yàn)樗麄儗ψ约旱挠⒄Z口語不夠自信，還因?yàn)樗麄兿嘈欧€(wěn)重是一種美德。因此她特意設(shè)計(jì)了一些簡單的話題，鼓勵學(xué)生參與討論，讓他們增強(qiáng)自信心，拉近彼此間的距離。(shyaway;engagesbin)SheknewthatChinesestudentshadawayofshyingawayfromrevealingtheirfeelingsoropinions,duenotmerelytotheirlackofconfidenceinspokenEnglish,buttotheirbeliefinthevirtueofmodesty.Soshespeciallyconceivedacoupleofsimpletopicsandencouragedtheminthediscussion,inorderthattheymightbecomemoreconfidentandcloserwitheachother.Unit47TranslatetheparagraphsintoChinese.1Evengrownmenwhodomarketresearchhavetroublevisualizingwhatapublicrelationsmandoeswithhisday,anditisasafebetthattheaveragesystemsanalystisasbaffledaboutwhataspacesalesmandoesattheshopastheaveragespacesalesmanisaboutthetoolsneededtoanalyzeasystem.即使是那些從事市場研究工作的成年人也難很想象公關(guān)部的人每天都在做些什么。一名普通的系統(tǒng)分析師肯定不知道空間推銷員在店里都干些什么，就好像空間推銷員對分析系統(tǒng)的工具也一竅不通一樣。2Soruntheclichés,anyway.Butitisonlyourobsessionwithnovelty,ignoranceofdeeperhistoricalpatternsandarrogantinsistenceonourownimportancethatleadsusintothiskindoftalk.Hopingtoproveoursuperiorityoverthegenerationsthatprecededus,weboastthatweliveinaperiodofunprecedentedchange.Yetthereisagoodcasethatwedonot,infact,liveinveryinterestingtimesatall.不管怎么說，這就是那耳熟能詳?shù)奶自挕？墒?，讓我們有這種論調(diào)的正是緣自我們對新奇事物的過度迷戀，對深層次歷史模式的無知，以及我們的狂妄自大。為了證明相比于先輩們的優(yōu)越性，我們夸耀說自己生活在一個前所未有的變革期。但是，有一個很好的例子可以用來證明，實(shí)際上我們并沒有生活在多么有趣的時代。8TranslatetheparagraphsintoEnglish.1我們根本就看不懂他們的計(jì)劃書，因?yàn)樗麄兊挠^點(diǎn)不太容易把握。這很可能是因?yàn)槲覀冸p方對于另一方的思維方式都感到同樣的困惑。我認(rèn)為應(yīng)該安排一次面談，讓大家消除誤會，掃除溝通的障礙。(makeof;cometogripswith;it’sasafebetthat;asbaffled…as)Wecouldn’tmakeoftheirproposalatall,becauseitwasnoeasyjobforustocometogripswiththeirperspective.Itwasasafebetthatwewereasmuchbaffledabouttheirwayofthinkingastheywereaboutours.Ithinkweneedtoarrangeameetingtoclearupmisunderstandingsandtoremovecommunicationbarriers.2從與他共事二十多年的一位同事所寫的傳記中不難得出這樣的結(jié)論：他所代表的絕對是該國二戰(zhàn)之后的精英階層，他們在宗教和政治方面的觀念較為保守。(nothingifnot;inthewakeof;intermsof)Fromabiographywrittenbyoneofhisformercolleagueswhohadworkedwithhimformorethantwodecades,itisnotdifficulttoconcludethatwhatherepresentedwasnothingifnottheeliteclassofthecountryinthewakeofWorldWarII,whowereratherconservativeintermsofreligiousandpoliticalviews.Unit56TranslatetheparagraphsintoChinese.1Joshshiveredashecheckedtheaddressontheslipofpaperinhishand.He’dneverbeentoJoanne’s,butknewitbyreputation,notbecauseofitsfood,whichhadoftenbeenmaligned,oritsjazzorchestra,whichhadaguestslotforawell-knownmoviedirectorwhoplayedtrumpet,butbecauseofthestellarqualityofitssophisticatedguests:politicians,diplomats,movieactors,hall-of-fameathletes,journalists,writers,rockstarsandNobelPrizewinners–inshort,anyonewhowasanyoneinthiscityofpowerbrokers.喬希打了個冷戰(zhàn)，他打開手里的紙條核對了一下地址。之前他沒來過喬安妮餐廳，但對于它的鼎鼎大名卻早有耳聞，倒不是因?yàn)檫@里的飯菜有多美味，其實(shí)這里的菜品屢遭惡評，也不是因?yàn)檫@里的爵士管弦樂隊(duì)有一位知名電影導(dǎo)演客串吹小號，而是因?yàn)檫@里匯集了有頭有臉的賓客，可以說是星光璀璨，他們中有政客、外交家、電影明星、載入名人堂的體育明星、記者、作家、搖滾明星、諾貝爾獎得主等等——總之，這里的每一位客人都是這座權(quán)力之城里的一個人物。AplaceinsocietyUnit51772TheSwedesandtheSaudisinthistruestoryhavedifferentconceptsoftheroleofpersonalrelationshipsinbusiness.FortheSwedes,businessisdonewithacompany;fortheSaudis,withapersonwhomonehaslearnedtoknowandtrust.Aslongasonedoesnotknowanotherpersonwellenoughitisconvenienttohavepresentanintermediaryorgo-between,someonewhoknowsandistrustedbybothparties.Attherootofthedifferencebetweentheseculturesisafundamentalissueinhumansocieties:theroleoftheindividualversustheroleofthegroup.在這個真實(shí)的故事里，瑞典人和沙特人對人際關(guān)系在商業(yè)中的作用有著不同的理解。對瑞典人來說，他們是在和一個公司做生意；但對沙特人來說，他們是在和一個他們了解并且信任的人做生意。只要他們對某個人還不夠了解，就會讓一位雙方都認(rèn)識并信任的中間人或介紹人在場，這樣做會比較方便。這兩種文化的差異源于人類社會的一個根本問題：即個人角色與集體角色的問題。7TranslatetheparagraphsintoEnglish.1這位年輕人是個偵探小說迷，在看了福爾摩斯探案故事之后，他自以為完全掌握了偵探技巧，于是就開始調(diào)查一起搶劫案。經(jīng)過幾個星期的周密調(diào)查，他倒是追查到了三名疑犯，只可惜案發(fā)時這三個人都身在國外。(knowsthinsideout;trackdown)Thisyoungmanlikedreadingdetectivestories.AfterfinishedreadingHolmes’stories,hethoughthehadknownthedetective’sskillsinsideoutandstartedtoinvestigateacaseofrobbery.Afterafewweeksofcloseinvestigation,hetrackeddownthreesuspects,whoturnedouttobeabroadwhentherobberytookplace.2在本書中我們確實(shí)體會到了兩種文化之間的差異。不過作者沒有詳細(xì)敘述這些差異，而是仔細(xì)討論了兩種文化的相同點(diǎn)，其中說得最多的是為什么這兩種文化都如此強(qiáng)調(diào)工作的熱忱。(dwellon;ofwhich;loyalty)Inthisbook,wedofindsomedifferencesbetweenthetwocultures.Butinsteadofdwellingonthedifferences,theauthorpresentslengthydiscussionsonthingstheyhaveincommon,ofwhichtheirloyaltytoworkaremostthoroughlytouchedupon.Unit66TranslatetheparagraphsintoChinese.1Ithoughthowwefiremenwerealwayssayingtoeachother,“I’llseeyouatthebigone.”O(jiān)r,“We’llallmeetatthebigone.”Ineverknewhowitstarted,orwhenI’dpickeduponitmyself,butitwaspartofourshorthand.Meaning,nomatterhowbigthisfireis,there’llbeanotheronebigger,somewheredowntheroad.We’llmakeitthroughthisone,andwe’llmakeitthroughthatone,too.Ialwayssaidit,atbigfires,andIalwayshearditback,andhereIwas,thinkingIwouldneversayorhearthesewordsagain,becausetherewouldneverbeanotherfireasbigasthis.Thiswasthebigonewehadalltalkedabout,allourlives,andifIhadn’tknownthisbefore–justbeforethesechillingmoments–thissick,blacknoisenowconfirmedit.(?這段話由許多短句構(gòu)成，要注意短句間語氣的連接。像atbigfires，allourlives等詞語應(yīng)該調(diào)整語序。)我想起我們消防員平?？偦ハ啻蛉ふf：“在大火中見吧?！被蛘呤恰拔覀兛隙〞诖蠡鹬信雒娴??！蔽也恢肋@種說法是怎么來的，或者我自己是從什么時候開始說起這種話來的，但這就是我們的暗語。意思是不管這場火有多大，以后在別處還會有比這更大的。我們能安然無恙地度過這場火，也會安然無恙地度過下一場火。遇到一場大火時，我總是這么說，也總聽別人這么說，可現(xiàn)在，我呆在這兒，想著自己再也不會說這樣的話了，也不會再聽到別人這么說了，因?yàn)樵僖膊粫斜冗@更大的火了。這會是我們大家一輩子都在說的那場大火，如果以前——就在這一個個令人膽戰(zhàn)心驚的瞬間之前——我沒有認(rèn)識到這一點(diǎn)的話，現(xiàn)在這渾厚的、不祥的響聲印證了這一點(diǎn)。2NamedasthefirstchairmanoftheUNHumanRightsCommission,Rooseveltoversawthetwo-yearprocessofdraftingandsecuringpassageoftheUniversalDeclarationofHumanRights.Additionally,herclasheswithrepresentativesofth