Unit5Whatwereyoudoingwhentherainstormcame?SectionA過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)用法①過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作Hewascookingatsixlastnight.昨天晚上六點(diǎn)，他正在做飯。②過(guò)去某段時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作IwasstayingherefromMarchtoMaylastyear.去年從3月到5月，我一直呆在這里。⑵與過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)連用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，atninelastnight/atthattime二then/atthistimeyesterday/或有whentheteachercamein/whilehewasreading的提示⑶構(gòu)成：was'were+現(xiàn)在分詞(4)四個(gè)基本句型肯定句Hewascookingatsixlastnight.否定句Hewasnotcookingatsixlastnight.一般疑問(wèn)句Washecookingatsixlastnight?回答Yes,hewas./No,hewasn't.特殊疑問(wèn)句Whatwashedoingatsixlastnight?(5)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的固定句型Jimwasreadingwhentheteachercamein.當(dāng)老師進(jìn)來(lái)的時(shí)候，吉姆正在讀書(shū)。JimwasreadingwhileKatewaswatchingTV.在凱特正在看電視的同時(shí)，吉姆正在讀書(shū)。JimcameinwhileKatewaswatchingTV.在凱特正在看電視的時(shí)候，吉姆進(jìn)來(lái)了。(6)比較HewatchedTVlastnight.（過(guò)去時(shí)間lastnight,用一般過(guò)去時(shí)）HewaswatchingTVatninelastnight.（過(guò)去時(shí)間lastnight+點(diǎn)時(shí)間atnine,用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)）atthetimeof在的時(shí)候（常用于過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)）rainstormn暴風(fēng)雨raincoat雨衣raindrop雨滴alarmn鬧鐘analarmclock一個(gè)鬧鐘gooff發(fā)出響聲,（鬧鐘）鬧響，離開(kāi)Thealarmwentoffjustnow.剛才警鐘響了goover復(fù)習(xí)goaway離開(kāi)goby（時(shí)間）過(guò)去goforawalk出去散步gofishing/shopping/skating/swimming去釣魚(yú)/去買(mǎi)東西/去溜冰/去游泳heavilyadv在很大程度上heavyadj.沉重的Howheavyareyou?heavilyadv沉重地Thearmylostheavily.形容風(fēng)大的時(shí)候常用strong/hard,形容雨雪下得大的時(shí)候用heavily/hard【注】heavy改y為i+ly變?yōu)閍dv,類(lèi)似的adj還有：hungry饑餓的hungrilyhappy快樂(lè)的happilyangry生氣的angrilylucky幸運(yùn)的luckilymissv.⑴錯(cuò)過(guò)（后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)車(chē)ing）Bequick!Oryouwillmisstheearlybus.（2）想念；思念I(lǐng)missyou.⑶n?用于姓名或姓之前，是對(duì)未婚女子的稱(chēng)呼，但首字母要大寫(xiě)，"小姐；女生”pickup接電話(huà)pickup接電話(huà)Tom,Icalledyou,butyoudidritpickup撿起；拾起Ipickupawalletonmywayhome（開(kāi)車(chē)）接某人Iwillpickyouupatthestation學(xué)到；獲得Hewaspickinguptheskillsquickly.strangeadj.奇怪的—strangelyadv奇怪地—strangern陌生人bestrangeto對(duì)……感到陌生strange奇怪的It'sstrangethatshecametotheparty.陌生的Hestandsinastrangerstreet.Withnolightoutside,itfeltlikemidnight.外面沒(méi)有一絲光亮，讓人感覺(jué)這是在午夜with+n+adv，在句中做伴隨狀語(yǔ)with+n+adj.Shecanseestarsinthedarkskywiththewindowopenfeellikedoingsth=wouldlike/wanttodosth想要做某事Ifeellike(catch)aclodtoday.reportv報(bào)道—reportern記者makeareport做報(bào)告weatherreport天氣預(yù)報(bào)giveareport作報(bào)告It'sreportedthat...據(jù)報(bào)so做語(yǔ)氣詞無(wú)實(shí)際意義，表示驚訝或領(lǐng)會(huì)，引出后面內(nèi)容So,youwerethefirstonetoentertheclassroom.(2)作副詞so+adj./adv“如此……”Thebookissointeresting.作連詞so+adj./adv+that從句so+從句所以sothat+從句以便，為了......12.Isee.我知道了。(表示通過(guò)別人提醒而明白、了解)seesb.dosth看到某人做某事seesb.doingsth看到某人正在做某事either也also也，用于肯定句句中，用在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前，系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后too也，用于肯定句句末either也，通常放于否定句末while當(dāng)......的時(shí)候makesure確信；確保makesuretodosthmakesureofPleasemakesuretoturnoffthecomputerwhenyouleave.Doyouknowthetimeofthetrain?You'dbettermakesureofit.work運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；發(fā)揮作用Themadicinedoesn'twork.⑴工作，不可數(shù)名詞Hehastoomuchworktodo.他要做的工作太多。work—worker著作或作品，可數(shù)名詞，但多用復(fù)數(shù)HehasreadmanyofHemingway'sworks.工廠(chǎng)，只用復(fù)數(shù)形式，但可表示單數(shù)意義Theglassworks(=factory)is[are]nearthestation.玻璃工廠(chǎng)在車(chē)站附近。17..beat與win辨析'beat+比賽賽、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手(如或球隊(duì)球隊(duì)獲勝，贏(yíng)得＜.丄獎(jiǎng)杯win+]獎(jiǎng)杯、獎(jiǎng)牌比賽、游戲Webeatthembythescoreof2to1.我們以2:1贏(yíng)了他們。Whichteamwonthefootballmatch?哪個(gè)對(duì)贏(yíng)了那場(chǎng)足球賽？heavilyadv在很大程度上；大量地;猛烈地heavyadj.重的(反)light形容雨雪下得大用heavily/hardagainst倚；碰；撞反對(duì)，反義詞for。若表強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)，一般用副詞stronglyAreyoufororagainsttheplan?你對(duì)這個(gè)計(jì)劃是贊成還是反對(duì)呢？位置，靠著、頂著、Theteacher'sdeskisagainstthewall.老師的辦公桌靠墻放著。Hestoodleaningagainstthetree.他站著斜靠在墻上。atfirst首先；最初atfirst=atthebeginning最初，開(kāi)始【強(qiáng)調(diào)在時(shí)間順序或做某事過(guò)程等開(kāi)始之初】firstofall首先，第一【表明陳述事情的重要性】fallasleep進(jìn)入夢(mèng)鄉(xiāng)；睡著sleep=beinbedv睡覺(jué)，指睡的動(dòng)作狀態(tài)gettosleep=fallasleep入睡，強(qiáng)調(diào)進(jìn)入睡眠的狀態(tài)gotobed上床睡覺(jué)，強(qiáng)調(diào)睡覺(jué)的動(dòng)作Hewenttobedattenlastnight,buthedidn'tgotosleepuntil.Heonlyfellasleepfor5hours.beasleep強(qiáng)調(diào)睡著的狀態(tài)Thebabyisasleepfallasleep強(qiáng)調(diào)入睡的動(dòng)作Myfatherwassotiredthathefellasleepquicklyfallasleep,sleep,gotosleep,gettosleep,gotobed用法區(qū)另0⑴fallasleep連系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)，入睡；睡著，指進(jìn)入夢(mèng)鄉(xiāng)，往往含有不知不覺(jué)就睡著了的意思。asleep作表語(yǔ)形容詞。Hewasjustfallingasleepwhentherewasaloudknockatthedoor.他剛要入睡時(shí)，這時(shí)傳來(lái)了響亮的敲門(mén)聲。(2)sleep指睡覺(jué)時(shí)的一種狀態(tài)，是一個(gè)延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞。Helikestosleepforanhourintheafternoon.他喜歡在下午睡上一個(gè)小時(shí)。⑶gotosleep入睡，睡著，強(qiáng)調(diào)從開(kāi)始睡到睡著的過(guò)程。Ijustwanttoclosemyeyesandgotosleepasquicklyaspossible.我只是想閉上眼睛，盡快地睡上一覺(jué)。gettosleep與gotosleep意思相近，但它強(qiáng)調(diào)的是進(jìn)入睡眠狀態(tài)。Shewastooexcitedtogettosleeplastnight.她昨晚因太激動(dòng)而不能入睡。gotobed就寢，上床睡覺(jué)，指上床去睡這個(gè)動(dòng)作，與getup相對(duì)應(yīng)。Thestudentsinourschoolusuallygetupatsixinthemorningandgotobedathalfpastnineintheevening.我們學(xué)校的學(xué)生通常早晨六點(diǎn)起床，晚上九點(diǎn)半睡覺(jué)。diedown逐漸變?nèi)?；逐漸消失diedown與dieout指火的熄滅時(shí)，用diedown或dieout皆可。diedown往往指火勢(shì)由強(qiáng)到弱慢慢熄滅，植物慢慢死亡這一過(guò)程；dieout則指熄滅這一事實(shí)，而且不及diedown用的普遍。diedown:反映風(fēng)、聲音、憤怒、掌聲、戰(zhàn)斗等平息下來(lái)。dieout:指家庭、種族、物種、組織、信仰等的消失或消亡。wakeup(v+adv)醒來(lái)；睡醒24.rise增加；提高；增強(qiáng)；上升，升起rise升起；上升主語(yǔ)自身移向較高位置Pricerosegraduallyraise舉起；提高主語(yǔ)發(fā)出的動(dòng)作作用于其他事物L(fēng)et'sraiseourglassestoTom.25.過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)fallenleaves落葉26.everywhere處處，到處；各個(gè)地方詞條含義用法例句everywhere處處；到處；各個(gè)地方可用于任何句式Wehavemanyfriendseverywhereintheworldsomewhere某個(gè)地方多用于肯定句中Youcangosomewhereyouliketo.anywhere任何地方否定句Youcan'tgoanywhere疑問(wèn)句CanIgoanywhereIchoose27.join加入；參加(1)join=beamemberof參加,指加入某種組織，并成為其中的一員jointhearmy/party入伍/黨jointheclub加入俱樂(lè)部joinin后接活動(dòng)名稱(chēng)joinsb.加入到某個(gè)人群之中(2)takepartin參加，指加入群體活動(dòng)中并在活動(dòng)中發(fā)揮重要作用。28.turnon打開(kāi)(反)turnoff關(guān)掉29.getto到達(dá)getfgot—gottenv得到getto+地點(diǎn)二arrivein/at+地點(diǎn)二reach+地點(diǎn)geton上車(chē)getup起床getusedto習(xí)慣于getalongwithsb與某人相處融洽gettogether相聚SectionB.1.happen發(fā)生；碰巧(指偶然性發(fā)生)happenv發(fā)生沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)是物，強(qiáng)調(diào)某事發(fā)生的偶然性a.sth.happentosb.某事發(fā)生在某人身上Whathappenedtoyou?=Whatwaswrongwithhim?b.sb.happentodosth.某人碰巧做某事Shehappened(be)outwhenwecalled.(2)takeplace發(fā)生，指事情有計(jì)劃有安排地發(fā)生Thesportsmeetingtookplaceinourschoollastweek.⑶Ithappenedthat...碰巧2.realizev意識(shí)到realize+nshedidn'trealizehermistake.realize+從句Ididn'trealizethatyouweresounhappy.3.over=morethan超過(guò)makeone'swayto…在某人去......的路上(當(dāng)后接地點(diǎn)副詞時(shí)，應(yīng)省略介詞to)I'llmakemywayhomenow.一段時(shí)間+ago之前，用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)completev完成adj.完整的—completely徹底地；完全地①I(mǎi)(complete)believeinyounow.Ithinkyouarehonestinthematter.②They(complete)buildingthebridgelatenextyear.therestof…其余的，剩下的，做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要與therestof修飾的名詞一致。Therestofmeatgoesbad.Therestofworkersarestillworkinghard.sileneen沉默fsilent沉默；緘默；無(wú)聲insilence沉默地、無(wú)聲地=silentlykeepsilent保持沉默remembertodosth與rememberdoingsth的用法區(qū)別。(1)remembertodosth記得去做某事(此事還未做)Remembertoturnoffthelightwhenyouleavetheroom.當(dāng)你離開(kāi)房間的時(shí)候記得關(guān)燈。⑵rememberdoingsth記得做過(guò)某事(此事已做完)IrememberturningoffthelightwhenIlefttheroom我記得離開(kāi)房間時(shí)關(guān)燈了。takedown拆掉；拆毀terrorn.恐怖fterrorist恐怖分子befullofterror充滿(mǎn)恐怖artn.藝術(shù)fartistn.藝術(shù)家seieneen.科學(xué)fseientist科學(xué)家pianon.鋼琴fpianistn.鋼琴家hardly幾乎不；絕不13.surprisev使吃驚fsurprisingadj.令人吃驚的fsurprisedadj.吃驚的(1)besurprisedtodosth做某事很吃驚toone'ssurprise使某人吃驚的是insurprise吃驚地besurprisedat對(duì)……感到吃驚14.h