PAGEPAGE19Extended_reading_&_Project_&_Assessmenteq\a\vs4\al([讀文清障])①remarkableadj.非凡的，奇異的，顯著的，引人注目的②acrowdof 一群acrowdofpeople 一群人crowdin 涌入③streamvi.&vt. 魚貫而行，涌動；流，流動n. 小溪；(人)流，(車)流streaminto 涌入④first-everadj. 首次的；初次的；第一次的⑤SymphonyNo.9 《第九交響曲》⑥enthusiasticadj. 熱情的，熱心的beenthusiasticabout 對……熱情的⑦attheendof 在……的末端；在……的盡頭⑧beunawareof 沒有意識到beawareof 意識到⑨responsen. 回應(yīng)；回答inresponseto 對……作出回應(yīng)respondto 對……作出回應(yīng)⑩turnaround 轉(zhuǎn)身；好轉(zhuǎn)?facevt. 面對；朝向faceupto 面對befacedwith 面對?aseaof 許多；大量的?handkerchiefn．(pl.handkerchiefsorhandkerchieves) 手帕，紙巾?majoradj. 主要的n. 專業(yè)vi. 主修majorinEnglish 主修英語?vastadj. 大量的，遼闊的，巨大的?giftedadj. 有才華的，有天賦的begiftedin 在……有天賦?dayandnight 日日夜夜?bythetime 到……為止?reputationn. 名譽(yù)，名聲?figuren. 人數(shù)；數(shù)字；畫像；身材eq\o(○,\s\up1(21))brilliantadj. 聰穎的，技藝高的；巧妙的；很成功的；明亮的eq\o(○,\s\up1(22))predictionn. 預(yù)言，預(yù)測predictv. 預(yù)測，預(yù)言eq\o(○,\s\up1(23))extraordinaryadj. 不尋常的，非凡的；意想不到的，令人驚奇的eq\o(○,\s\up1(24))takeasharpturn 急轉(zhuǎn)彎eq\o(○,\s\up1(25))inone'slatetwenties 在某人將近三十歲的時候eq\a\vs4\al([原文呈現(xiàn)])Beethoven：aremarkable①lifeOn7May1824,acrowdof②musicloversstreamed③intoatheatreinViennatohearthefirst-ever④performanceofthegreatLudwigvanBeethoven'sSymphonyNo.9.⑤Thecrowdimmediatelyrecognizedthattheywerelisteningtosomethingtrulyspecial,andtheybrokeintoenthusiastic⑥cheersattheendof⑦thesymphony.[1]Beethoven,whowasalmostcompletelydeafatthispointinhislife,wasunawareof⑧theaudience'sresponse⑨untiloneofthesingersturnedhimaround⑩toface?thecrowd.[2]Beforehim,hesawaseaof?peopleallstanding,clapping,andwavingtheirhatsandhandkerchiefs?toexpresstheirappreciationofhismasterwork.[3][1]本句為主從復(fù)合句。句中that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，作recognized的賓語；賓語從句中and連接兩個并列句。[2]本句為主從復(fù)合句。who引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾前面的Beethoven，句子的主干為：Beethovenwasunawareoftheaudience'sresponse.[3]本句中含有see的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，seesbdoing表示“看到某人正在做某事”，另外toexpresstheirappreciationofhismasterwork表示目的。SymphonyNo.9wasBeethoven'slastmajor?pieceofmusicinavast?bodyofworkswrittenthroughouthisremarkablelife.[4]Asagifted?child,Beethovenwaspushedbyhisfathertostudymusicdayandnight?.Notlongafter,hebegantobeappreciatedforhispianoperformances.Bythetime?hewasateenager,hehadalreadyenjoyedareputation?asawonderfulyoungmusician.[5]Manyimportantfigures?inthemusicworld,includingthebrillianteq\o(○,\s\up1(21))musicianMozart,startedmakingpredictionseq\o(○,\s\up1(22))aboutBeethoven'sextraordinaryeq\o(○,\s\up1(23))future.However,lifetookasharpturneq\o(○,\s\up1(24)).Inhislatetwentieseq\o(○,\s\up1(25))，Beethovensufferedoneoftheworstpossibletwistsforamusician：hestartedtolosehishearing.[4]句中writtenthroughouthisremarkablelife作后置定語修飾前面的名詞works。[5]句中bythetime為介詞短語，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。主句的謂語動詞用相應(yīng)的完成時態(tài)。比如bythetime后跟過去時的句子，主句用過去完成時。eq\a\vs4\al([譯文參考])貝多芬：非凡的一生1824年5月7日，一群音樂愛好者涌入維也納一家劇院，去聽偉大的路德維?！し病へ惗喾摇兜诰沤豁懬返氖讏鲅莩觥Ｓ^眾們立刻意識到他們在聆聽的是一首真正特別的曲子，在交響樂結(jié)束時，他們爆發(fā)出熱烈的歡呼聲。貝多芬，在他生命的這個階段幾乎完全失聰，沒有意識到觀眾的反應(yīng)，直到一位歌手讓他轉(zhuǎn)過身來面對觀眾。在他面前，他看到無數(shù)人站著，鼓掌，揮舞著帽子和手帕，來表達(dá)對他的杰作的欣賞之情。《第九交響曲》是貝多芬在其非凡一生中所創(chuàng)作的大量作品中最后一部重要作品。作為一個有天賦的孩子，貝多芬被他的父親逼著日夜學(xué)習(xí)音樂。不久之后，他的鋼琴表演開始受到人們的欣賞。他少年時就已被譽(yù)為一名出色的年輕音樂家。音樂界的許多重要人物，包括杰出的音樂家莫扎特，都開始預(yù)測貝多芬非凡的未來。然而，命運(yùn)發(fā)生了巨大轉(zhuǎn)折。在快三十歲的時候，貝多芬經(jīng)歷了一個音樂家可能經(jīng)歷過的最糟糕的挫折：他開始喪失聽力。eq\o(○,\s\up1(26))depressvt. 使抑郁，使沮喪；使蕭條，使不景氣eq\o(○,\s\up1(27))upsetadj. 難過的，失望的vt.(upset，upset) 使煩惱；攪亂；打翻eq\o(○,\s\up1(28))atfirst 起初；開始eq\o(○,\s\up1(29))keep...asecret 保密eq\o(○,\s\up1(30))possessvt. 具有(特質(zhì))；擁有；支配，控制eq\o(○,\s\up1(31))abandonvt. 中止，放棄，不再有；拋棄；舍棄eq\o(○,\s\up1(32))despiteprep. 盡管，相當(dāng)于短語inspiteofeq\o(○,\s\up1(33))bedeterminedtodosth 決定做某事eq\o(○,\s\up1(34))avarietyof 各種各樣的；多種多樣的eq\o(○,\s\up1(35))sothat 以至于eq\o(○,\s\up1(36))presentvt. 授予；呈現(xiàn)eq\o(○,\s\up1(37))allofasudden 突然，猛地suddenlyadv. 突然地eq\o(○,\s\up1(38))orchestran. 管弦樂隊(duì)eq\o(○,\s\up1(39))coursethrough 通過eq\o(○,\s\up1(40))desperateadj. 絕望的；不惜冒險的；極其需要的；極嚴(yán)重的bedesperatefor/todosth 迫切/渴望(做)某事eq\o(○,\s\up1(41))upliftingadj. 令人振奮的，鼓舞人心的eq\o(○,\s\up1(42))easen. 容易，輕易；舒適，安逸vi.&vt. (使)寬慰，減輕withease 容易地eq\o(○,\s\up1(43))geniusn. 天賦，天資；天才eq\o(○,\s\up1(44))variationn. 變奏，變奏曲；變化，變更；變體，變種eq\o(○,\s\up1(45))chorusn. 合唱曲；副歌；合唱團(tuán)eq\o(○,\s\up1(46))grandadj. 宏大的，宏偉的；壯麗的，堂皇的eq\o(○,\s\up1(47))finalen. 末樂章，終場，結(jié)局；結(jié)尾eq\o(○,\s\up1(48))beregardedas 被看作，主動形式為regard...as... 把……看作……Thelossofhishearingdeeplydepressedeq\o(○,\s\up1(26))Beethoven.Hewassoupseteq\o(○,\s\up1(27))that,atfirsteq\o(○,\s\up1(28))，hewantedtokeepitasecreteq\o(○,\s\up1(29)).[6]Inalettertohisbrothers,hewrote,“...howcouldIpossiblyadmitaweaknessintheonesensewhichshouldbemoreperfectinmethaninothers,asensewhichIoncepossessedeq\o(○,\s\up1(30))inthegreatestperfection...”Eveninhisdarkestmoments,however,Beethovenneverabandonedeq\o(○,\s\up1(31))hope.Despiteeq\o(○,\s\up1(32))hishearingloss,hewasdeterminedtoeq\o(○,\s\up1(33))findawaytocontinuelivingalifefullofmusic.Heusedavarietyofeq\o(○,\s\up1(34))hearingaidstotrytoincreasetheamountofsoundhecouldtakein.Whencomposingmusicatthepiano,hewouldputoneendofapencilinhismouthandplacetheotherendagainsttheinstrumentsothateq\o(○,\s\up1(35))hecouldfeelthenotes.[7]AlthoughBeethovenwasabletocontinuecomposingmusic,itbecameincreasinglydifficultforhimtoperforminpublic.[8]WhenBeethovenpresentedeq\o(○,\s\up1(36))SymphonyNo.9inViennain1824,itwashisfirsttimeonstageinovertenyears.[6]本句為主從復(fù)合句。句中含有so...that...句式，that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句；atfirst為時間狀語。[7]本句為主從復(fù)合句。when引導(dǎo)狀語從句的省略句，主句的主語為he，和從句的謂語compose為主動關(guān)系，所以把從句的主語和系動詞省略，完整句子為whenhewascomposingmusic...[8]本句為主從復(fù)合句。although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，不和but連用。主句為itis/become＋形容詞＋forsbtodosth句式。Sincethatday,Beethoven'sSymphonyNo.9hasbecomeoneofthemostfamousandtreasuredpiecesinthehistoryofclassicalmusic.[9]Thefirstmovementstartsquietly,butallofasuddeneq\o(○,\s\up1(37))thewholeorchestraeq\o(○,\s\up1(38))breaksintoanenergetictheme.Youcansoonfeelthedetermination—aqualityBeethovenunderstoodwellbecauseofhishearingdifficulties—coursingthrougheq\o(○,\s\up1(39))themusic.Thenexttwomovementsarefullofdesperateeq\o(○,\s\up1(40))lowsandupliftingeq\o(○,\s\up1(41))highswhichperhapsreflectbothhissufferingandhisstrongwilltofightit.[10]Themusicmovesthroughtechnicallydifficultsectionswitheaseeq\o(○,\s\up1(42))，showinghisgeniuseq\o(○,\s\up1(43))asacomposer.[11]Finally,inthefourthmovement,heconnectsallofthedifferentvariationseq\o(○,\s\up1(44))intoajoyfulchoruseq\o(○,\s\up1(45)).[9]句中since意為“自從”，后面的句子用現(xiàn)在完成時。[10]本句為主從復(fù)合句。which引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾先行詞desperatelowsandupliftinghighs在從句中作主語。[11]句中showinghisgeniusasacomposer為現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。AsBeethoven'slastgreatwork,hisSymphonyNo.9wasalsoagrandeq\o(○,\s\up1(46))finaleeq\o(○,\s\up1(47))tohislife—hediedlessthanthreeyearsaftertheconcertinVienna,aged56.Forhisamazingachievementsandforhisdeterminationeveninhisdarkestdays，Beethovenisregardedaseq\o(○,\s\up1(48))oneofthemostremarkablemusicianswhoeverlived.失聰使貝多芬非常沮喪。他很難過，一開始，他想對此保密。他在給兄弟們的一封信中寫道：“……我怎么可能承認(rèn)我本應(yīng)該是比別人更完美，我曾經(jīng)擁有的最完美的感官成為弱點(diǎn)……”然而，即使在他最黑暗的時刻，貝多芬也從未放棄希望。盡管他已失聰，但他決心要找到一種方式繼續(xù)過充滿音樂的生活。他使用了各種助聽設(shè)備，試圖增加他能聽到的音量。當(dāng)他在鋼琴上譜曲時，他會把鉛筆的一頭放進(jìn)嘴里，把另一頭抵在樂器上，以此來感受音符。雖然貝多芬能夠繼續(xù)創(chuàng)作音樂，但他在公眾面前演奏變得愈加困難。當(dāng)貝多芬于1824年在維也納演奏《第九交響曲》時，那是他十多年來第一次登臺演出。從那天起，貝多芬的《第九交響曲》就成了古典音樂史上最著名和最珍貴的作品之一。第一樂章輕柔開啟，但突然整個爆發(fā)出激昂的旋律。很快你就能感受到這種貫穿在音樂中的決心，這是貝多芬因自己的聽力問題而深刻體會到的品質(zhì)。接下來的兩個樂章充滿了絕望的低音和令人振奮的高音，這也許反映了他的痛苦和他與之斗爭的堅(jiān)強(qiáng)意志。這首樂曲將技術(shù)上棘手的部分處理得輕松自如，顯示出他作為作曲家的天賦。最后，在第四樂章中，他把所有不同的變奏連接成歡樂的合唱。作為貝多芬最后一部偉大的作品，他的《第九交響曲》也是他人生的最后樂章——在維也納音樂會結(jié)束后不到三年他就去世了，享年56歲。由于他杰出的成就以及他在最無望的日子里的決心，貝多芬被認(rèn)為是有史以來最杰出的音樂家之一。Ⅰ.Skimthetextandmatchthemainideawitheachpart.Part1(Para.1)A．Beethovenisregardedasoneofthemostremarkablemusiciansbecauseofhisachievements.Part2(Paras.2～4) B．ManymusiclovershearBeethoven'sSymphonyNo.9andthinkhighlyofit.Part3(Para.5) C．TheprocessofBeethoven'smusiccreationandthecontentsofhisSymphonyNo.9.答案：Parts1～3BCAⅡ.Readthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestanswer.1．On7May1824,wheredidacrowdofmusicloversstreamintotohearBeethoven'sSymphonyNo.9?A．AtheatreinVienna. B．AtheatreinLondon.C．AtheatreinNewYork. D．AtheatreinChina.2．WhopushedtheyoungBeethoventostudymusicdayandnight?A．Hismother. B．Hisfather.C．Hissister. D．Hisbrother.3．________wasthebiggestproblemBeethovenfacedinhislife.A．Thelossofsmell B．ThelossofmovementC．Thelossofhearing D．Thelossofsight4．Beethovenisregardedasoneofthemostremarkablemusiciansbecauseof________.A．hisamazingachievementsB．hisdeterminationeveninhisdarkestdaysC．hisdeafnessD．bothAandB5．WhichoneisWRONGaboutBeethoven'sSymphonyNo.9?A．Beethoven'sSymphonyNo.9isthemostfamousandtreasuredpieceinthehistoryofclassicalmusic.B．YoucanfeelthedeterminationinBeethoven'sSymphonyNo.9.C．Beethoven'sSymphonyNo.9connectsallofthedifferentvariationsintoajoyfulchorus.D．Beethoven'sSymphonyNo.9isnotonlyhisgreatwork,butalsoagrandfinaletoBeethoven'slife.答案：1～5ABCDAⅢ.Masterthekeycontentofthetext.Beethoven：aremarkablelife?Acrowdofmusiclovers1.streamed_intoatheatreinViennatohearLudwigvanBeethoven'sSymphonyNo.9.Thecrowdbrokeinto2.enthusiastic_cheersattheendofthesymphonyandusedtheirwaystoexpresstheirappreciation.Beethoven：aremarkablelife?Fromayoungage,Beethovenwaspushedtostudymusic3.day_and_night.Andmanyimportantfiguresinthemusicworldmadepredictionsabout4.his_extraordinary_future,_butthenBeethoven'slifetookasharpturn—hestartedto5.lose_his_hearing.?Thelossofhearing6.depressedBeethovenatfirst,andthenheusedavarietyof7.hearing_aidstoincreasetheamountofsoundhecouldtakein.?Beethoven'sSymphonyNo.9hasbecomeoneofthemostfamousandtreasuredpiecesinthehistoryof8.classical_music.?Beethovenisregardedasoneofthemost9.remarkablemusiciansbecauseofhisamazingachievementsandhis10.determinationeveninhisdarkestdays.Ⅳ.Fillintheblanksusingtheproperwordsaccordingtothetext.On7May1824,manymusiclovers1.streamed(stream)intoatheatretohearBeethoven'sSymphonyNo.9.Theyrecognized2.whattheyheardastrulyspecialone.Andtheyexpressedtheirappreciationofthismasterpieceby3.standing(stand)，clappingandwavingtheirhatsandhandkerchiefs.Asa4.gifted(gift)child,Beethovenwaspushedbyhisfathertostudymusic.Bythetimehewasachild,he5.had_enjoyed(enjoy)areputationasawonderfulyoungmusician.Inhislatetwenties,hestartedtolosehishearing.6.Obviously(obvious),thelossofhishearingmadeBeethovendepressed.7.To_increase(increase)theamountofsoundhecouldtakein,heusedavariety8.ofhearingaids.SymphonyNo.9wasnotonlyhislastgreatworkbutalso9.agrandfinaletoBeethoven'slife.Beethovenisregardedasoneofthemostremarkable10.musicians(music)becauseofhisamazingachievementsandhisdetermination.Ⅰ.重點(diǎn)單詞1．streaminto流入；涌入2．beenthusiasticabout 對……熱情的3．inavastarea 在一大片區(qū)域；在廣闊區(qū)域4．begiftedin 在……有天賦5．enjoyareputation_as... 享有……盛名6．a(chǎn)brilliantmusician 才華橫溢的音樂家7．a(chǎn)nextraordinaryartist 一位非凡的藝術(shù)家8．upsetone'splan 打破某人的計(jì)劃9．a(chǎn)bandon_hisownchild 舍棄自己的孩子10．a(chǎn)nupliftingstory 一個振奮人心的故事11．putsbatease 使某人放松12．manygrandbuildings 宏偉的建筑物13．makeremarkableprogress 取得非凡的進(jìn)步14．Hemakesapredictionbypredictingwhatwillhappennext.(predict)15．Onhearingthedepressingnews,Ifeelverydepressed.SoIgetintoastateofdepression.(depress)16．Hepossessesthehouse,thatistosay,thehouseisinthepossessionofhim.(possess)17．Ononehand,heisdesperateforfreedom,ontheotherhand,heneedthejobdesperately.(desperate)eq\a\vs4\al([掌握規(guī)律巧記單詞])1．enthusiasticadj.熱情的，熱心的＋-ally→enthusiasticallyadv.熱情地；熱心地例如：academic＋-ally→academicallyadv.學(xué)術(shù)上，學(xué)理上economic＋-ally→economicallyadv.經(jīng)濟(jì)地；在經(jīng)濟(jì)上automatic＋-ally→automaticallyadv.自動地；機(jī)械地；無意識地energetic＋-ally→energeticallyadv.精力充沛地2．giftn．天賦，天資＋-ed→giftedadj.有才華的，有天賦的例如：talentedadj.有才能的；多才的detailedadj.詳細(xì)地experiencedadj.有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的skilledadj.有技巧的Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)短語1．All_of_a_sudden(突然),Irealizedwhathesaidjustnow.2．Myparentswereinahugeargument,andIwas_upset_about(心煩)it.3．Hewasnervousatfirstbutherwarmwelcomesoonput_himat_ease(使某人放松)．4．Theystreamed_into(涌入)theroomwhentheyknewtheirfavouriteteacherwasthere.5．WhenIwasyoung,Iwas_enthusiastic_about(對……熱情；喜歡)football.6．Heisin_possession_of(擁有)thenewcar,thatistosay,thenewcarisin_the_possession_of(為……擁有)him.7．Heis_desperate_for(渴望)knowledge,becausehewantstobeknowledgeable.8．Heis_gifted_in(在……有天賦)writingmusic,andhisdreamistobeacomposer.Ⅲ.典型句式1.教材原句Beethoven,whowasalmostcompletelydeafatthispointinhislife,wasunawareoftheaudience'sresponseuntiloneofthesingersturnedhimaroundtofacethecrowd.貝多芬，在他生命的這個階段幾乎完全失聰，沒有意識到觀眾的反應(yīng)，直到一位歌手讓他轉(zhuǎn)過身來面對觀眾。句式分析who引導(dǎo)的定語從句佳句仿寫Thosewho_do_simple_and_ordinary_jobsarealsopromotingthedevelopmentofthesociety.那些做簡單而普通工作的人也在促進(jìn)社會的發(fā)展。2.教材原句Bythetimehewasateenager,hehadalreadyenjoyedareputationasawonderfulyoungmusician.他少年時就已被譽(yù)為一名出色的年輕音樂家。句式分析bythetime引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，主句用相應(yīng)的完成時佳句仿寫B(tài)y_the_time_we_arrived,_themeetinghad_been_overfor10minutes.當(dāng)我們到達(dá)的時候，會議已經(jīng)結(jié)束了10分鐘。3.教材原句Whencomposingmusicatthepiano,hewouldputoneendofapencilinhismouthandplacetheotherendagainsttheinstrumentsothathecouldfeelthenotes.當(dāng)他在鋼琴上譜曲時，他會把鉛筆的一頭放進(jìn)嘴里，把另一頭抵在樂器上，以此來感受音符。句式分析狀語從句的省略佳句仿寫Although/Though_facedwithsomanyproblems,theydidn'tloseheart.雖然面對那么多的問題，他們并沒有灰心喪氣。4.教材原句Sincethatday,Beethoven'sSymphonyNo.9hasbecomeoneofthemostfamousandtreasuredpiecesinthehistoryofclassicalmusic.從那天起，貝多芬的《第九交響曲》就成了古典音樂史上最著名和最珍貴的作品之一。句式分析since后跟過去時間狀語或一般過去時的句子，主句用現(xiàn)在完成時佳句仿寫Since_I_was_ten_years_old,_Ihave_mastered1,000Englishwords.從我十歲開始，我已經(jīng)掌握了1000個英語單詞。1.acrowdof許多(教材p.25)On7May1824,acrowdofmusicloversstreamedintoatheatreinViennatohearthefirst-everperformanceofthegreatLudwigvanBeethoven'sSymphonyNo.9.1824年5月7日，一群音樂愛好者涌入維也納一家劇院，去聽偉大的路德維?！し病へ惗喾摇兜诰沤豁懬返氖讏鲅莩?。(1)acrowdof/crowdsof 一群；許多(2)crowdinto... 擠進(jìn)……crowdin (想法、問題等)涌上(某人心頭)，涌入(某人腦海)(3)crowdedadj. 擁擠的；塞滿的becrowdedwith 充滿……，滿是……(經(jīng)典佳句)Thereisacrowdofstudentssingingintheclassroomwhentheteachercomes.老師來時，教室里有一群學(xué)生在唱歌。[巧學(xué)助記]Thecrowdcrowdedintothestadiumwhichwascrowdedwithaudience.人群擠進(jìn)體育館里，里面擠滿了觀眾。[練透]單句語法填空①Hundredsofpeoplecrowdedintothenearbychurchforthewedding.②Toomanyuncomfortablethoughtswerecrowdinginonher.③Incrowded(crowd)placeslikeairportsandrailwaystations,youmusttakecareofyourluggage.[寫美]補(bǔ)全句子④Myfatherwarnedmeagainstgoingtothewestcoastbecauseitwas_crowded_withtourists.我父親警告我不要去西海岸，因?yàn)槟抢飻D滿了游客。2．enthusiasticadj.熱情的；熱心的(教材p.25)Thecrowdimmediatelyrecognizedthattheywerelisteningtosomethingtrulyspecial,andtheybrokeintoenthusiasticcheersattheendofthesymphony.觀眾們立刻意識到他們在聆聽的是一首真正特別的曲子，在交響樂結(jié)束時，他們爆發(fā)出熱烈的歡呼聲。(1)beenthusiasticabout 對……熱心的；對……熱情的(2)enthusiasmn. 熱情；熱心withenthusiasm 熱情地；熱心地(3)enthusiasticallyadv. 熱情地；熱心地(經(jīng)典佳句)Hisfriendswereenthusiasticandencouragedhimtopublishhisideas,butCopernicuswascautious.他的朋友非常熱情并且鼓勵他發(fā)表他的看法，但是哥白尼非常謹(jǐn)慎。[練透]單句語法填空/補(bǔ)全句子①Iputforwardaplanbuthedidnotappearenthusiastic(enthusiasm)aboutit.②Theaudienceclappedenthusiastically(enthusiastic)andcalledformore.③Today,Iamjustasenthusiastic_aboutmyjobasthedayIfirststarted.現(xiàn)在，我對工作的熱情一如既往。[寫美]詞匯升級④Weshouldn'tgetdiscouragedrightafterfailures.Rather,weshouldkeeptryingenthusiastically.→Weshouldn'tgetdiscouragedrightafterfailures.Rather,weshouldkeeptryingwith_enthusiasm.3．giftedadj.有才華的，有天賦的(教材p.25)Asagiftedchild,Beethovenwaspushedbyhisfathertostudymusicdayandnight.作為一個有天賦的孩子，貝多芬被他的父親逼著日夜學(xué)習(xí)音樂。(1)begiftedin 在……方面有天賦agifteddancer/musician 天才舞蹈演員/音樂家(2)giftn. 天賦，才能haveagiftfor 對……有天賦(經(jīng)典佳句)StephenHawkingwasoneofthemostfamousandgiftedscientistsinphysics.斯蒂芬·霍金是物理學(xué)中最著名和最有天賦的科學(xué)家之一。[名師點(diǎn)津]talented與gifted均有“有才華的；天才的”意思。名詞gift/talent對應(yīng)的短語都可以寫成haveagift/talentfor表示“對……有天賦”。[練透]單句語法填空①Heisgiftedinunderstandingadiverserangeofpeopleandtheircultures.②Thegifted(gift)architectdesignedonesplendidbuildingafteranother.[寫美]一句多譯③這位有音樂天賦的女孩很有可能成為下一個貝多芬?！鶷heyounggirlwhohas_a_gift/talent_for_musicisverylikelytobeaBeethoven.→Theyounggirlwhois_gifted_in_musicisverylikelytobeaBeethoven.4．depressvt.使抑郁，使沮喪；使蕭條，使不景氣(教材p.25)ThelossofhishearingdeeplydepressedBeethoven.失聰使貝多芬非常沮喪。(1)depressionn． 沮喪；消沉sufferfromdepression 患抑郁癥(2)depressingadj. 令人沮喪的；令人喪氣的(3)depressedadj. 感到沮喪的feeldepressed 感到沮喪bedepressedby 因……沮喪bedepressedabout 對……沮喪(經(jīng)典佳句)Rainyweatheralwaysdepressesme.雨天總是使我沮喪。[名師點(diǎn)津]depressed的主語是人，depressing的主語是物或修飾物。[巧學(xué)助記]Hearingthedepressingnews,hefeltdepressedandlaterhehaddepression,whichdepresseseveryonearoundhim.聽到這個令人沮喪的消息，他感到沮喪，后來他患上了抑郁癥，這讓他周圍的每個人都感到沮喪。[練透]單句語法填空/補(bǔ)全句子①Hewasnotsatisfiedwiththesummercampbecausethewholeexperiencewasdepressing(depress)．②Therearefewthingsintheworldthatcanbetterormorerapidlytreatdepression(depress)thanexercisesuchasrunning.③Mybrotherstaysathomeandis_very_depressed_aboutlosinghisjob.我弟弟因?yàn)閬G了工作而待在家里，非常沮喪。[寫美]句式升級④Hisparentswereverydepressedbecausetheboyhadabadtemper.→Thereasonwhy_his_parents_were_very_depressedwasthattheboyhadabadtemper.5．upsetadj.難過的，失望的vt.(upset,upset)使煩惱；攪亂；打翻(教材p.25)Hewassoupsetthat,atfirst,hewantedtokeepitasecret.他很難過，一開始，他想對此保密。(1)beupsetabout 為……煩惱/不安beupsetthat... 心煩……beupsettodosth 對做某事感到不安/難過(2)upsetoneself 使自己感到心煩Itupset(s)sbthat... 讓某人不高興的是……(經(jīng)典佳句)Itseemedlikeajokeatfirst,butthegirlwasveryupset.起初，這似乎是一個笑話，但是這個女孩很生氣。[練透]單句語法填空/補(bǔ)全句子①Aftertheexam,Tomstayedinhisroom,upset(upset)．②Shewasupsetto_know(know)thatshefailedintheexam.③Thebadweatherwillupset_our_planforapicnic.這壞天氣會把我們野餐的計(jì)劃打亂。[寫美]一句多譯④他沒通過考試，這使他心煩意亂。→Hefailedintheexam,whichmade_him_upset.(upsetadj.)→Hefailedintheexam,whichupset_him.(upsetvt.)6．possessvt.具有(特質(zhì))；擁有；支配，控制(教材p.25～26)...howcouldIpossiblyadmitaweaknessintheonesensewhichshouldbemoreperfectinmethaninothers,asensewhichIoncepossessedinthegreatestperfection...……我怎么可能承認(rèn)我應(yīng)該比別人更完美，我曾經(jīng)擁有過的最完美的感官成為弱點(diǎn)……(1)possesssbof 使某人擁有bepossessedof 有；擁有(2)possessionn. 占有；擁有；所有；所有物；財產(chǎn)；財富havepossessionof＝beinpossessionofsth 擁有/占有某物beinthepossessionofsb＝beinone'spossession 為某人所有；歸某人所有g(shù)et/takepossessionof 占領(lǐng)；奪取(經(jīng)典佳句)Theyarepotentialpowerswepossess：energy,skill,soundjudgment,creativeideas.他們是我們所擁有的潛在能力：能量、技能、明智的判斷、創(chuàng)造性想法。[名師點(diǎn)津](1)possession常用復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示“財產(chǎn)；所有物；財富”。(2)inpossessionof表示主動，其主語通常是人，意為“占有……”；inthepossessionof表示被動，其主語通常是物，意為“被……占有”。[練透]單句語法填空①Sheispossessed(possess)ofhealthandwealth.②—Doestheyoungmanstandingtherehavepossessionofthecompany?—No.Thecompanyisinthepossessionofhisfather.[寫美]一句多譯③據(jù)說一位年輕人擁有這家公司?！鶬t'ssaidthatayoungmanis_possessed_ofthecompany.(possessvt.)→It'ssaidthatayoungmanhas_possession_of/is_in_possession_ofthecompany.(possessionn．)→It'ssaidthatthecompanyis_in_the_possession_ofayoungman.(possessionn．)7．desperateadj.絕望的；不惜冒險的；極其需要的；極嚴(yán)重的(教材p.26)Thenexttwomovementsarefullofdesperatelowsandupliftinghighswhichperhapsreflectbothhissufferingandhisstrongwilltofightit.接下來的兩個樂章充滿了絕望的低音和令人振奮的高音，這也許反映了他的痛苦和他與之斗爭的堅(jiān)強(qiáng)意志。(1)bedesperateforsth 渴望得到某物bedesperatetodosth 渴望做某事(2)desperatelyadv. 非常；絕望地(3)desperationn. 絕望in/outofdesperation 絕望地；無可奈何地(經(jīng)典佳句)Iamsodesperateonhearingthatbadnews.聽到那個壞消息，我感到非常絕望。[練透]單句語法填空①Heissodeepindebtanddesperateformoney.②Indesperation(desperate),wehadtoborrowthemoney.③Hetookadeepbreath,desperately(desperate)tryingtokeepcalm.[寫美]補(bǔ)全句子④Shehasbeenmarriedforthreeyearsandis_desperate_to_haveababy.她已經(jīng)結(jié)婚三年了，非常想要個孩子。8．easen．容易，輕易；舒適，安逸vi.&vt.(使)寬慰，減輕(教材p.26)Themusicmovesthroughtechnicallydifficultsectionswithease,showinghisgeniusasacomposer.這首樂曲將技術(shù)上棘手的部分處理得輕松自如，顯示出他作為作曲家的天賦。(1)withease 輕易地；毫不費(fèi)力地atease 舒適，悠閑，自在feel/lookatease 感到/看上去心情放松put/setsbat(one's)ease 使某人放松/自在(2)easeone'smind 使某人寬慰easesbofsth 使某人消除/減輕……(經(jīng)典佳句)Hewasnervousatfirstbutherwarmwelcomesoonputhimatease.起初他有些緊張，但是她的熱情歡迎很快使他放松下來。[練透]補(bǔ)全句子①Hismindwasat_easeknowingthatthechildrenweresafe.得知孩子們都很安全，他才放心。②WiththehelpoftheInternet,wecanget_many_learning_materials_with_ease.在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的幫助下，我們現(xiàn)在可以輕松獲得許多學(xué)習(xí)資料。③Themedicineeased_him_ofthepain.這藥減輕了他的疼痛。[寫美]補(bǔ)全句子④Sheisthekindofpersonwho_can_always_put_others_at_ease.她是那種總是能讓人感覺輕松自在的人。1．句型公式：who引導(dǎo)定語從句(教材p.25)Beethoven,whowasalmostcompletelydeafatthispointinhislife,wasunawareoftheaudience'sresponseuntiloneofthesingersturnedhimaroundtofacethecrowd.貝多芬，在他生命的這個階段幾乎完全失聰，沒有意識到觀眾的反應(yīng)，直到一位歌手讓他轉(zhuǎn)過身來面對觀眾。(1)who引導(dǎo)的定語從句的先行詞是表示人的名詞或代詞；(2)who引導(dǎo)定語從句，在從句中作賓語時，可省略，而作主語時，不能省略；(3)who在定語從句中作主語時，從句中的謂語動詞的單復(fù)數(shù)與其前面的先行詞保持一致；(4)若先行詞中既有人又有物時，只能用that而不能用who引導(dǎo)定語從句。(經(jīng)典佳句)Chinesewhoarenotactiveorwhosedietishighinfatwillgainweightquickly.不愛活動或者飲食富含高脂肪的孩子體重會增加很快。[練透]單句語法填空①Doyouknowtheboywhois(be)standingoverthere?②SomepeoplethinkthatthegreatChinesescholarConfucius,wholivedfromroughly551to479BCE,influencedthedevelopmentofchopsticks.③Hewatchedthechildrenandboxesthatfilledthecar.[寫美]翻譯句子④任何違反法律的人都將受到懲罰。Anyone_who_breaks_the_law_will_be_punished.⑤查理·史密斯去年退休了，他曾經(jīng)是我的老師。Charlie_Smith,_who_was_my_former_teacher,_retired_last_year.2．句型公式：bythetime...到……時候?yàn)橹?，引?dǎo)的時間狀語從句(教材p.25)Bythetimehewasateenager,hehadalreadyenjoyedareputationasawonderfulyoungmusician.他少年時就已被譽(yù)為一名出色的年輕音樂家。bythetime...是一個介詞短語，在句子中起連接作用，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。bythetime引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句時的用法如下：(1)如從句謂語是一般過去時，則主句用過去完成時；(2)如從句謂語是一般現(xiàn)在時或現(xiàn)在完成時，則主句用將來完成時；(3)如主句動作不強(qiáng)調(diào)已經(jīng)完成，只是說明某個時候的狀態(tài)，此時主句不用完成時，而應(yīng)根據(jù)實(shí)際需要選用適當(dāng)?shù)臅r態(tài)，此時bythetime相當(dāng)于when。(經(jīng)典佳句)BythetimeIgraduatenextyear,Iwillhavelivedherefor5years.截止到我明年畢業(yè)，我將在這里生活了5年。[練透]單句語法填空①Bythetimetheyarrived,thefamousastronauthad_left(leave)thehall.②Bythetimeshegetshome,hermotherwill_have_left(leave)forLondontoattendameeting.③BythetimeCaliforniaelectedtobecomethethirty-firstfederalstateoftheUSAin1850,itwas(be)alreadyamulticulturalsociety.[寫美]補(bǔ)全句子④WhenItalkedwithmygrandmaonthephone,shesoundedweak,butby_the_time_we_hung_up,_hervoicehadbeenfullofenergy.當(dāng)我給我的祖母打電話時，她的聲音聽起來很虛弱，但等到我們掛斷電話的時候，她的聲音充滿了活力。3．句型公式：狀語從句的省略(教材p.26)Whencomposingmusicatthepiano,hewouldputoneendofapencilinhismouthandplacetheotherendagainsttheinstrumentsothathecouldfeelthenotes.當(dāng)他在鋼琴上譜曲時，他會把鉛筆的一頭放進(jìn)嘴里，把另一頭抵在樂器