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齒突骨折與遲發(fā)性寰樞椎脫位第一頁(yè),共三十四頁(yè),2022年,8月28日PrefaceDensaxis

AtlantoaxialstabilityMostimportantaxialbonestructureOdontoidfracture

AtlantoaxialinstabilitySecondarySCI第二頁(yè),共三十四頁(yè),2022年,8月28日Odontoidfracture7~10%ofcervicalspinefracturecause

SCIinstantlyRespiratorydysfunctionEvendeathSpecialstructuresandfunctionHighununionrateafterfracture第三頁(yè),共三十四頁(yè),2022年,8月28日OdontoidfractureLackofeffectivetreatmentNottreatedUnstablefactorsexistAtlaslosttherestrictionofDensaxisandligamentsDelayedatlantoaxialdislocation第四頁(yè),共三十四頁(yè),2022年,8月28日ClinicalinformationMale41casesFemale15casesAgerange15~58yrsAverage37.5yrs11~20yrs5cases21~31yrs16cases31~40yrs23cases41~50yrs7cases50~58yrs5cases第五頁(yè),共三十四頁(yè),2022年,8月28日InjurycausesAccidentalfalls15casesbuildingworkaccident12casesdropfrombed3casesMotorvehicleaccident11casesSports-relatedinjury13caseswaterdive7casesTumbleonground7casesWeighthurt10cases第六頁(yè),共三十四頁(yè),2022年,8月28日CourseofdiseasesTimefrominjurytotreatment

shortest4weekslongest26months1~3M23cases4~6M15cases7~9M11cases10~12M4cases>1yrs3cases第七頁(yè),共三十四頁(yè),2022年,8月28日Treatmentcoursenottreatedafterinjury12casesnodiagnosiswhenadmitted7casesskulltraction2~3Wstabilizedbycollars16casesonlycollarsstabilization21cases第八頁(yè),共三十四頁(yè),2022年,8月28日LocalfeaturesUncomfortableandpainofneckandnape37casesMiddleorbilateralareaoftheoccipitocervicalPossiblefeelingofhyperesthesiaorpainatfieldsdominatedbygreatoccipitalorgreatauricularnerveSkullandneckmotorlimitation21casesTiltstiffnessofheadandneck14cases第九頁(yè),共三十四頁(yè),2022年,8月28日MotorfunctionNormalgait,nomotorlimitationworkproperly16casesWeaknessoflegs,clumsyaction,butcanwalkweaknessofhandsgraspingfunctionnotaffected21casesunstablegaitneedsupport,weaknessofupperlimbs,capableofgrasping,13casesincapableofstandingandwalkingstayinbed6cases第十頁(yè),共三十四頁(yè),2022年,8月28日Neurologicexaminationnormaloralmostnormal

9casesSymmetrictendonreflexesNopathologicalreflexNoparesthesiaorhyperesthesiaappearancesofuppercervicalnerveinjurypain,anaesthesiaofGANandGON15casestendonhyperreflex,musclehypertensionmuscleforcedecrease2~3grades32casesHoffman抯signpositive19casesBabinski抯signpositive8casesBoth6cases第十一頁(yè),共三十四頁(yè),2022年,8月28日RadiologicalexaminationRoutineX-rayprogramhead-neckAPlateraldynamiclateralfilmsopenmouthviewAllcaseshowedodontoidfractureAccordingtoAnderson-D扐lonzoclassificatonTypeⅡ47casesTypeⅢ9cases第十二頁(yè),共三十四頁(yè),2022年,8月28日Dislocationstatusnodisplacement8casesForewarddisplacement≤4mm14cases5~7mm20cases8~10mm8cases11~12mm3casesDorsaldisplacement3casesDynamicreducibledislocation14casesflexion—dislocationextension—reduction第十三頁(yè),共三十四頁(yè),2022年,8月28日MRIexamination41casesNosignificantabnormal8casesSpinalcordcompression33casesSCsignalsincreasing5cases第十四頁(yè),共三十四頁(yè),2022年,8月28日Treatment

AllreceivedoperationBeforeoperation—Skulltractionroutinely1WlaterXrays—observereductiontrendpossiblereduction—keeptractionuntilrestoredimpossiblereduction—giveuptractionReducibledislocationneednocontinuoustraction

receiveoperationdirectly第十五頁(yè),共三十四頁(yè),2022年,8月28日Ⅰ—Atlanoaxialposteriorstructure

bonegraftandwirefixationModifiedGalliemethod17casesModifiedBrooksmethod14casesAutogenousiliacbone—cliptobe揟?shapeTheconvexofbonegraftisinsertedintothegapbetweentheposteriorarchofatlasandthebaseofC2laminaandspinousDistance=8~10mm

Inter-arches&Over-surfacebonegraft+Wirefixation第十六頁(yè),共三十四頁(yè),2022年,8月28日Ⅱ—Atlasposteriorarchresection

+Occipital-cervicalfusionResecteachsideofthedislocatedatlasposteriorarch10mmbesidetheposteriortubercleAutogenousiliacgraftsbetweentheoccipitalandthebaseofC2spinousprocesses

Total25cases第十七頁(yè),共三十四頁(yè),2022年,8月28日ResultsNodeathcaseAllbefollowed-upAveragefollow-uptime3yrsand6MShortest11MLongest10yrsand8M第十八頁(yè),共三十四頁(yè),2022年,8月28日Assessmentarcordingto

spinalcordfunctionandimageExcellent:noabnormalfeelingNormalornearnormaloflimbsBonegraftunionNosignificantdifficultyofheadandneckmotionGood:feelgoodUncomfortableonheadorneckoccasionallySometimesweaknessofextremities,normalgaitNeurologicexaminationhypersensitiveoftendonreflexpathologicreflexmayexist第十九頁(yè),共三十四頁(yè),2022年,8月28日Better:symptomsandsignsimprovedLimbsmotordeficit,unstablegaitno-change:nochangeofsymptomsandsignsorfeelingsBonegraftsun-union第二十頁(yè),共三十四頁(yè),2022年,8月28日ResultsoftreatmentAtlantoaxialfusionExcellent14casesGood11casesBetter4casesNochange2cases**1casebonegraftununionanddisplacedOccipitocervicalfusionExcellent12casesGood8casesBetter3casesNochange2cases**bonegraftununionanddisplaced第二十一頁(yè),共三十四頁(yè),2022年,8月28日DiscussionⅠ:FeaturesofOdontoidfracture

anddelayedatlantoaxialdislocationOdontoidfractureAtlas-axislossrestrictionofbonestructureResultsininstabilitybetweenatlasandaxisEspeciallyAnderson-D扐lozontypeⅡortypeⅢfractureManycasesdiedinstantlyforseverecervicalspinalcordinjuryandrespiratoryfailure第二十二頁(yè),共三十四頁(yè),2022年,8月28日Maincausesofearlymis-diagnosisSurvivalsofodontoidfractureonlycomplicatedwithmilddislocationornodislocationofatlasclinicalsymptomsaremildnotenoughtotakepatient抯attentiontheillegibleradiographyshowoverlappingofbonestructurebetweenatlasandaxis第二十三頁(yè),共三十四頁(yè),2022年,8月28日PathologicalchangesIntensiverelatedfactorsTraumaticforceformTraumaticforcestrengthAnatomicstructure第二十四頁(yè),共三十四頁(yè),2022年,8月28日AnatomyaboutodontoidTheapicalligamentandthealarligamentextendfromthetipandthetwosidesofthedensbodyweavingwithanterioratlanto-occipitalmembraneTheposteriorpartofalarligamentattachestotheanteriorrimofoccipitalforamenmagnumandtheoccipitalcondylesOdontoidjointedwiththeposteriorsideofatlasanteriorarch,keepingstablewiththestrongtransverseligamentandalarligamentwhichrestrictthemotorrangeofodontoid第二十五頁(yè),共三十四頁(yè),2022年,8月28日AnatomyaboutodontoidSagittaldiameterofC1canal=30mmDiameterofcord=10mmDiameterofdens=10mmSafespaceforcord=10mmConsiderablebufferingspaceisavailable第二十六頁(yè),共三十四頁(yè),2022年,8月28日MechanismofodontoidfractureSkullflexioninjuryisoneofthemajorcausesTraumaticforcesheadbendedsuddenlyOdontoidAnteriorarchofC1TransverseligamentImpactingforwardtogetherTransverseshearforceVerticalcompressforceSeparatetheconnectionbetweenodontoidandC2bodyOdontoidfractureOutsideshearforceOutsidetearforce第二十七頁(yè),共三十四頁(yè),2022年,8月28日MechanismofdelayedatlasdislocationUnstablestatuscausedbyodontoidfractureSkullhastrendsofincliningforwardandmovingcontinuouslyAtlasmoveforwardprogressivelywithdensaxisDelayedatlasdislocationDirectoperativedecompressionMovingforwardequablyorMovingforwardrotatelyPotentialrisksofSCIContributedfactorsodontoidligamentsaroundarticularcapsule第二十八頁(yè),共三十四頁(yè),2022年,8月28日DiscussionⅡ

ClinicalfeaturesofodontoidfractureLocalsymptomsneckandnapepainearly—restrictedtouppercervicalspinemotordysfunctionofheadandneckespeciallytherotationfunctionNeurologicsymptomsmildatearlystage,easytobeoverlookeddelayedspinalcordcompression

paralysis,respirationfailureNerverootcompressionnimbleness,painandstiffnessofoccipital-cervicalarea第二十九頁(yè),共三十四頁(yè),2022年,8月28日Diagnosisof

odontoidfracture&atlasdislocationHistory—injury,treatmentcourselocalandneurologicexaminationimageexaminationroutineX-raysfilmsSkull-neckAPfilmsOpen-mouthfilmsLateralflexionandextensionfilmsX-raytomographyCTMRIDifferentiatewiththeodontoiddysplasiaanditsdeformitycomplicationFacilitatechoosingthetreatmentplanandassessingprognosis第三十頁(yè),共三十四頁(yè),2022年,8月28日DiscussionⅢTreatmentOdontoidfractureself-healingdifficultCanhardlyhealatthedisplacedsiteNon-operationtreatmentsareineffectiveSurgicaltreatmentisthefirstchoiceOperativeprocedurechoiceaccordingtopathologicchangesandclinical

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