SentenceComponents2Whatpartofspeech（詞類）doyouknow?名詞n.表示人或事物的名稱代詞pron.代替名詞或數(shù)詞數(shù)詞num.表示數(shù)量或順序副詞adv.修飾動(dòng)詞，形容詞或其他副詞形容詞adj.修飾名詞，表示人或事物的特征動(dòng)詞v.表動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)冠詞art.用在名詞前，限定或修飾作用介詞prep.表示和句中其他詞的關(guān)系連詞conj.用來連接詞與詞或句與句嘆詞interj.表示說話時(shí)的感情或口氣Ashortstory

LittleRobertaskedhismotherfortwodollars.“WhatdidyoudowiththemoneyIgaveyouyesterday?”askedhismother.“Igaveittoapooroldwoman,”heanswered.“Youareagoodboy,”saidthemotherproudly,“Herearetwodollarsmore.Butwhyareyousointerestedintheoldwoman?”“Oh!Sheistheonewhosellsthecandy.”heanswered.動(dòng)介名代形副數(shù)嘆冠在英語中，有八個(gè)主要句子成分，即主語，謂語，賓語，定語，狀語，賓語補(bǔ)足語，表語，同位語。注：主語和謂語是句子的主體部分（英語中一般的句子必須有主語和謂語）SentenceComponents1.一般位于句首，是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者。2.常用于名詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞（動(dòng)詞不定式或動(dòng)名詞），代詞，數(shù)詞和主語從句來充當(dāng)。主語1.Duringthe1990s,AmericanCountrymusichasbecomemoreandmorepopular.2.WeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.3.Thirteenisthenumberthatsomepeoplethinkunlucky.4.Toseeistobelieve.5.WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtestisnotdecided.1.主語所做的動(dòng)作或具有的特征和狀態(tài)。2.謂語由動(dòng)詞的各種形式來充當(dāng)，簡(jiǎn)單謂語由實(shí)義動(dòng)詞或系表結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成，復(fù)合謂語由助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成。謂語系動(dòng)詞可以分為以下幾類1.be動(dòng)詞2.感官動(dòng)詞:look,feel,smell,taste,sound3.表變化:go,get,turn,become,grow4.表保持:stay,keep,remain5.

表似乎:appear,seem6.表終止:prove,turnout1.主語所做的動(dòng)作或具有的特征和狀態(tài)。2.謂語由動(dòng)詞的各種形式來充當(dāng)，簡(jiǎn)單謂語由實(shí)義動(dòng)詞或系表結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成，復(fù)合謂語由助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成。謂語1.Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.2.Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.3.Hehascaughtabadcold.4.Thismeetingmustbeveryimportant.5.Wearestudents.1.表示動(dòng)作行為的對(duì)象或承受者2.一般位于及物動(dòng)詞(vt.)和介詞(prep.)后面3.一般由名詞，代詞，不定式，動(dòng)名詞，從句來充當(dāng)。賓語1.Theygavemesomemoney.2.Ishouldapologizetohim.3.Iwouldliketoaskyouaquestion.4.Ihatetalkingwithhiminthisway.1.表示主語的狀態(tài)，特征和身份2.一般位于系動(dòng)詞后3.表語一般由名詞，形容詞，不定式，分詞，介詞短語，從句充當(dāng)。表語系動(dòng)詞可以分為以下幾類1.be動(dòng)詞2.感官動(dòng)詞:look,feel,smell,taste,sound3.表變化:go,get,turn,become,grow4.表保持:stay,keep,remain,appear5.

表似乎:appear,seem6.表終止:prove,turnout1.OurEnglishteacherisMissQin.2.Theweatherhasturnedcold.3.Theclassisinteresting.4.Hishobbyisplayingonlinegames.5.Thetruthisthatheislying.6.Mywishistobecomeateacher.7.Heisagainsttheplan.1.用來修飾名詞或代詞，分為前置和后置兩種2.通常由形容詞，分詞短語，不定式短語，介詞短語，從句充當(dāng)。定語1.Ningxiangisabeautifulcity.2.Thequestiontobesolvedisdifficult.3.Lookatthemansittingontherock.4.Doyouknowthemanunderthetree.5.HeisthemanthatIsawyesterday.1.位于賓語后，補(bǔ)充說明賓語的狀態(tài)，性質(zhì)，特征2.通常由名詞，形容詞，不定式，分詞，介詞短語充當(dāng)。賓語補(bǔ)足語1.HisfathernamedhimLiHua.2.Pleasekeeptheroomcleanandtidy.3.Heaskedmetogooutwithhim.4.Hekeptthemachinerunningallnight.5.Pleasekeepyourhandsbehindyourback.修飾動(dòng)詞，形容詞，副詞或整個(gè)句子。說明動(dòng)作行為或狀態(tài)發(fā)生的時(shí)間，地點(diǎn)，條件，目的，原因，結(jié)果，方式，程度等。狀語1.Howaboutmeetingagainatsix?2.Lastnightshedidnotgotothepartybecauseoftherain.3.Ishallgothereifitdoesn'train.4.Sheworksveryhardthoughsheisold.5.Inordertocatchthefirstbus,wemustgetupearly.時(shí)間狀語原因狀語條件狀語讓步狀語目的狀語在名詞或代詞之后并列名詞或代詞，對(duì)前者加以說明的成分。同位語1.Westudentsshouldstudyhard.2.SheisourEnglishteacher,MissQin.3.Thenewsthatwewonthegameexcitedus.Idon'tlikethepictureonthewall.Mybrotherhasn'tdonehishomework.Itisagreatpleasuretotalkwithyou.Hebrokeapieceofglass.

練習(xí)說出下列劃線部分單詞或詞組在句子中各充當(dāng)什么成分主謂語賓語定語主語謂語謂語主主定語賓語表語Mysister

isanurse./

Herroom

isonthefifthfloor.Sheworks

inahospital./Sheknows

alittleEnglish.Sheiswritingaletternow.Sheishappy.Everyone

inthehospitalworkshard.Sheisworkinginthehospital.Whataretheunderlined（下劃線）partsinthefollowingsentences?主語謂語賓語表語定語狀語Failure______themotherofsuccess.失敗乃成功之母。Theflower_______pleasant.這花聞起來很香。Idon’t_______welltoday.今天我感覺不舒服。Gettingupearly______goodtoone’shealth.早起對(duì)健康有益。I______angryaboutit.我對(duì)此十分生氣。Completethesentenceswithproperlinkverbs.issmellsfeelisam_______carefulofyourhealth.小心你的健康。Mr.Black’sfaceslowly__________red.布萊克的臉慢慢變紅了。Theplan__________verypractical.這個(gè)計(jì)劃聽起來很實(shí)際。Hisexpe