中考英語語法虛擬語氣第1頁/共32頁第十九講虛擬語氣第2頁/共32頁第3頁/共32頁判斷是否虛擬2.判斷虛擬類型3.判斷虛擬時(shí)間Pass!虛擬語氣應(yīng)試對(duì)策第4頁/共32頁第一部分：什么是虛擬？第5頁/共32頁虛擬語氣表示說話人的所說的話不是事實(shí)，一種假設(shè)、猜測(cè)、懷疑等(在條件從句中或讓步狀語從句中)；一種表示說話人的愿望、要求、命令、建議等(在賓語從句等名詞性從句中)。

Iwishyouweremorecareful.但愿你更細(xì)心一些。

第6頁/共32頁條件句有真實(shí)條件句和非真實(shí)條件句兩種。真實(shí)條件句所表的假設(shè)是可能發(fā)生或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的,是與事實(shí)相符的。非真實(shí)條件句所表的假設(shè)則是不可能或不大可能發(fā)生或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的，與事實(shí)相反的情況。Ifitisfinetomorrow,Iwillgotovisitmygrandma.IfIwereabird,IwouldflytoAmerica.第7頁/共32頁非真實(shí)條件句IfIhadtime,Iwouldcertainlyjoinyouinthetennismatch.

（事實(shí)是：我沒有時(shí)間）我要是有時(shí)間肯定和你一起打這場(chǎng)網(wǎng)球比賽。IfIwereyou,Iwouldputhersuggestionintoaccount.（事實(shí)是：我并不是你）我要是你，我會(huì)考慮她的建議的。第8頁/共32頁非真實(shí)條件句IfIshouldhaveachancetotryit,Iwoulddoitinanotherway.

（假設(shè)的情況不大可能發(fā)生）要是我有機(jī)會(huì)試一試，我會(huì)用另一種方法做的。Eveniftheyweretofail,theywouldn'tlosecourage.（說話人不希望假設(shè)的情況發(fā)生）即使他們?nèi)f一失敗，他們也不會(huì)泄氣。第9頁/共32頁第二部分：if引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣第10頁/共32頁

一、虛擬語氣在非真實(shí)條件句中

與過去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)與現(xiàn)在相反的假設(shè)與將來相反的假設(shè)虛擬條件句主句If+主語+Ved（be用were)If+主語+had+V過分If+主語+Ved

（be用were)If+主語+wereto+V原If+主語+should+V原主語＋would＋V原(should/could/might)主語＋would＋V原(should/could/might)主語＋would＋have+V過分(should/could/might)第11頁/共32頁Iwouldbuyanexpensive

car.

Iwouldbuyavilla.Iwouldtravelaroundthe

world.IfIwonthelottery,現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反第12頁/共32頁IfI____________timelastnight,I_____________toseethefilmwithyou.hadhadwouldhavegone過去事實(shí)相反Ifhe________morecarefully,he_____________thecaraccidentyesterday.haddriven

wouldnothavehad

第13頁/共32頁Mark:100

I________apartyforyou.shouldgetIfyou________________________

____________gotWeretoget

afullmarknexttime,將來時(shí)相反wouldhold第14頁/共32頁IfI

were

you,IwouldgiveAIDSpatientahug.IfIhadtakenyouradvice,Iwouldn’thavemadeamistake.Ifitrainedtomorrow,theywouldn’tgoforanouting.現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反與過去事實(shí)相反與將來事實(shí)相反第15頁/共32頁第三部分：賓語從句的虛擬第16頁/共32頁Wish

的賓語從句現(xiàn)在：過去：將來：過去時(shí)（were）過去完成時(shí)would/could/might+V.IwishIwereabirdIwishIhadn’tmadesuchamistakeWewishourparentswouldn’tpunishus.1.在wish的賓語從句中第17頁/共32頁用于賓語從句Iwish從句結(jié)構(gòu)Example與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反一般過去式Iwishitwereautumnnow.與過去事實(shí)相反過去完成式Hewishes(wished)hehadnotlostthechance.與將來事實(shí)相反WouldCould+V.原形MightIwishyouwouldcomesoon.第18頁/共32頁IwishIwereastallasyou.IwishIbecameasfamousasYaoMing.IwishIwereabird.IwishIcouldflylikeabird.Iwisheverydayweremybirthday.現(xiàn)在時(shí)第19頁/共32頁Hewishhehadn’teatensomuchwatermelon.Iwishthelunchtimewouldcomesoon.Iwishitwouldraintomorrow.過去時(shí)將來時(shí)第20頁/共32頁第四部分：建議、命令等的虛擬第21頁/共32頁2.在表示建議，要求，命令的詞command（命令）,demand（要求）,desire（希望，要求）,insist（堅(jiān)持）,order（命令）,propose（提議）,recommend（推薦）,request（要求）,require（要求）,suggest（建議），后的賓語從句中：

“(should)+動(dòng)詞原形”e.g.Isuggestthatwe(should)setoffatonce.Idemandedthathe(should)answermeimmediately.第22頁/共32頁一個(gè)堅(jiān)持insist，兩個(gè)命令order,command，三個(gè)建議advise,suggest,propose四個(gè)要求demand,require,request,desire注：以上動(dòng)詞的名詞形式用于從句中，從句中的動(dòng)詞也是用“(should)+動(dòng)詞原形”第23頁/共32頁名詞形式suggestion（建議）,motion（動(dòng)議）,proposal（提議）,order（命令）,recommendation（推薦），advice(建議),instruction(指示、指令)idea（想法）,第24頁/共32頁EgHeproposedthatwe(should)setadeadlineforthecomplementoftheplan.

他提議擬定一個(gè)執(zhí)行計(jì)劃的期限。Theyrequestedthatwe(should)sendadelegationtotheircountry.他們請(qǐng)求我們派一個(gè)代表團(tuán)到他們國家去。Isuggestedthathe(should)setoffforourheadquartersstraightaway.

我建議他馬上動(dòng)身去我們的總部。第25頁/共32頁Theinstructionwasthatnobodybeallowedtogotosleepuntilfurtherorders.

指示要求，任何人不得在接到進(jìn)一步的命令之前去睡覺。MysuggestionisthatheleaveforLondonatonce.我的建議是他立即動(dòng)身去倫敦。Whatdoyouthinkofhisproposalthatwe(should)putonaplayattheEnglishevening?他的建議是我們?cè)谟⒄Z晚會(huì)上演一個(gè)劇,你覺得怎么樣？第26頁/共32頁Mysuggestionthatwe(should)haveameetinghasbeenacceptedbyothers.Weallagreetothatsuggestionthatthemeeting(should)beputoff（延期）.

第27頁/共32頁第五部分：典型習(xí)題第28頁/共32頁P(yáng)RACTICE1:Fillintheblanks.

a.Ifthey______(be)here,they__________(take)youradvice.b.Iftheworld-war___________(break)outagain,what________________(happen)toourpeopleonearth?c.Ifthepoliceman_____________(benot)inthatroomnow,it________________(be)verydangerous.d.IfI_______(be)inyourposition,I_____________(ask)forteacher’shelp.werewouldtakebrokewouldhappenwerenotcouldbewerewouldask第29頁/共32頁P(yáng)RACTICE2:Fillintheblanks

e.IfTom__(be)morecarefulintheexam,he___________(pass)italready.f.Ifyou

(get)upearlier,

you_________(catch)thefirsttrain.g.IfI____(meet)youyesterday,we

_______________(go)totheconcerttogether.hadbeenwouldhavepassedhadgotwouldhavecaughthadmetwouldhavegone第30頁/共32頁P(yáng)RACTICE3:FillintheblanksIfthere

(b