【英語】英語翻譯專項習題及答案解析及解析一、高中英語翻譯1.高中英語翻譯題：TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets..今年元旦我們玩得很開心。(enjoy).舅舅昨天寄給我一張卡片，祝賀我18歲生日。(congratulate).經(jīng)過多年的建設，這個小鎮(zhèn)現(xiàn)在和地震前一樣充滿了活力。(as...as).演出以一段五十多歲的人耳熟能詳?shù)慕?jīng)典音樂開始。(familiar).她一看完那個關于已滅絕物種的電視節(jié)目，就立志加入野生動物保護組織。(Nosooner)【答案】.WeenjoyedourselvesthisNewYear’sDaythisyear..Myunclesentmeacardyesterdaytocongratulate/congratulatingmeonmy18thbirthday..Afteryearsof/years’construction,thelittletownisnowaslivelyasitwasbeforetheearthquake/itusedtobebeforetheearthquake..Theperformancebeganwithapieceofclassicalmusicwhichwasfamiliartopeopleintheirfifties..NosoonerhadshewatchedtheTVprogramontheextinctspeciesthanshemadeuphermindtojointhewildlifeprotectionorganization.【解析】.根據(jù)“今年元旦”可知，該句用一般過去時，玩得很開心用詞組enjoyoneself.根據(jù)“昨天”可知，該句用一般過去時，congratulate的用法是congratulatesth或者congratulatesbonsth.根據(jù)“經(jīng)過多年的建設”可知，后面描述的是建設后的情形，即現(xiàn)在的情形，因此用一般現(xiàn)在時，as..as..的用法是形容詞或者副詞放在中間。.根據(jù)句意可知，演出已經(jīng)開始了，事情發(fā)生在過去，因此用一般過去時，familiar的用法是sbbefamiliarwithsth或者sthbefamiliartosb.nosooner的句型為nosooner...than,因為nosooner是否定詞，因止匕nosooner后面要用部分倒裝的句式。2.高中英語翻譯題：Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets..為了安全起見，小孩不應該被單獨留在家里。(leave).深深吸了一口氣，他面帶微笑地走上了舞臺。(with).一個人待人處世的方式能反映出他是怎樣的人。(theway)4．只有當一系列奇數(shù)問題得到解決，到2025年，新能源汽車才能占汽車銷量的百分之二十。(Only)【答案】1．Forthesakeofsafety/Forsafety,children/achildshouldnotbeleftaloneathome2．Havingtakenadeepbreath,hewentuptothestagewithasmileonhisface.3．Thewayapersontreatsotherscanreflectwhatkindofpersonheis.4．Onlywhenaseriesoftechnicalproblemsaresolvedcannewenergycarsaccountfor20percentofallthecarsalesby2025.【解析】【分析】本題考查翻譯，注意使用括號內(nèi)的提示詞進行翻譯。.考查被動語態(tài)和“l(fā)eave+賓語+賓補”結構。根據(jù)句意可知本句使用leavesbalone表示“把某人單獨留下”，children/achild與leave之間是被動關系，應該用被動語態(tài)，故翻譯為：Forthesakeofsafety/Forsafety,children/achildrenshouldnotbeleftaloneathome.考查非謂語動詞。he與takeadeepbreath之間是邏輯上的主謂關系，而且takeadeepbreath明顯發(fā)生在wentupto之前，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式作狀語，故翻譯為：Havingtakenadeepbreath,hewentuptothestagewithasmileonhisface..考查定語從句和賓語從句。way作先行詞，定語從句的關系詞，有三中引導方法：inwhich,that或省略，reflect為賓語從句，從句中缺少表語，用what引導，故翻譯為：Thewayapersontreatsotherscanreflectwhatkindofpersonheis..考查倒裝。accountfor表示“占(比例)"，“only+狀語”位于句首時，其后要用部分倒裝，故翻譯為：Onlywhenaseriesoftechnicalproblemsaresolvedcannewenergycarsaccountfor20percentofallthecarsalesby2025.3.高中英語翻譯題：TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets..熬夜大大影響健康。(affect).等他明年回來，這個體育館就建好了。(bythetime).從長遠來看，你的知識面越廣，就越有能力應付工作中的問題。(capable).據(jù)信，過分溺愛孩子會不知不覺地造成孩子的壞脾氣，甚至缺乏自理能力。(It)【答案】1.Stayinguplateaffectsone’shealthgreatly.2.Bythetimehecomesbacknextyear,thestadiumwillhavebeensetup.3．Inthelongrun,thewiderrangeofknowledgeyouhave,themorecapableyouareofdealingwiththeproblemsatwork.4．Itisbelievedthatspoilingchildrentoomuchmayunconsciouslycausetheirbadtemper,eventhelackofabilitytotakecareofthemselves.【解析】【分析】本題考查翻譯句子，注意使用括號內(nèi)的提示詞進行翻譯。.考查非謂語動詞。affect表示“影響”，是及物動詞，后面直接接賓語，stayup表示“熬夜”，本句使用動名詞作主語，陳述的是客觀事實，用一般現(xiàn)在時，注意動名詞作主語時謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)，故翻譯為：Stayinguplateaffectsone'shealthgreatly..考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。bythetime引導的時間狀語從句，表示將來的時間時，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時，主句用將來完成時，stadium與setup之間是被動關系，所以用將來完成時的被動語態(tài)，故翻譯為：Bythetimehecomesbacknextyear,thestadiumwillhavebeensetup..考查固定句式。becapableof表示“能夠”，根據(jù)句意可知本句使用“the+比較級，the+比較級”結構，表示“越……，就越……”，陳述的是客觀事實。用一般現(xiàn)在時，故翻譯為：Inthelongrun,thewiderrangeofknowledgeyouhave,themorecapableyouareofdealingwiththeproblemsatwork..考查形式主語和非謂語動詞。ability后用不定式作后置定語，abilitytodo表示“做……的能力”，根據(jù)提示詞可知本句使用it作形式主語，真正的主語是后面的that從句，陳述的是客觀事實，用一般現(xiàn)在時，故翻譯為：Itisbelievedthatspoilingchildrentoomuchmayunconsciouslycausetheirbadtemper,eventhelackofabilitytotakecareofthemselves..高中英語翻譯題：TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets..這場因無視規(guī)則引發(fā)的事故值得我們深思。(ignore).夢想還是要有的，但不努力就不可能實現(xiàn)。(unless).正是這次經(jīng)歷才讓我明白，我不該太過忙碌而錯過生活的恩賜。(It).當前有一個非常令人費解的現(xiàn)象:一些年輕父母們寧愿把很多錢投資在早教上，也不愿意帶娃旅行開闊眼界。(wouldrather)【答案】Theaccidentcausedbyignoringtherulesdeserves/isworthourdeepthinking/carefulconsideration/reflection.Westillneedtodream/haveadream,butitcan’tberealizedunlessweworkhard(onit).Itwasthisexperiencethatenabled/helpedmetorealize(that)Ishouldn'tbetoobusytomissthegifts/blessingsthatlifebringstome.Thereisaconfusingphenomenonthatmanyyoungparentswouldratherinvestmuchmoneyin/intoearlyeducationthantravelwithkidstoexpandtheirhorizons.【解析】.考查ignore的相關用法。分析句子可知，本句為一般現(xiàn)在時，主語為Theaccident,用過去分詞短語causedbyignoringtherules作Theaccident的后置定語。謂語為deserve/beworth后可直接接動名詞，此時主動形式表達被動含義，也可直接接名詞。故翻譯為：Theaccidentcausedbyignoringtherulesdeserves/isworthourdeepthinking/carefulconsideration/reflection..考查unless的相關用法。分析句子可知，本句為but連接的兩個句子，且為一般現(xiàn)在時，還涉及unless引導的條件狀語從句。重點動詞及動詞短語為workhard“努力”，realize“實現(xiàn)”。故翻譯為：Westillneedtodream/haveadream,butitcan'tberealizedunlessweworkhard(onit).3．考查強調句式。分析句子可知,本句為強調句式,強調句的時態(tài)為一般過去時,強調的是thisexperience,realize后接that引導的賓語從句，賓語從句中出現(xiàn)了too...to句式。錯過生活的恩賜為“missthegifts/blessings”其中gifts/blessings被后面的that引導的定語從句所修飾，且在定語從句中作賓語。故翻譯為：Itwasthisexperiencethatenabled/helpedmetorealize(that)Ishouldn'tbetoobusytomissthegifts/blessingsthatlifebringstome..考查wouldrather相關用法。分析句子可知，phenomenon后接that引導的同位語從句，同位語從句中涉及到了wouldratherdosththandosth的用法。其中兩個動詞短語為investmuchmoneyin/intoearlyeducation(很多錢投資在早教上)expandtheirhorizons(擴展視野)。故翻譯為：Thereisaconfusingphenomenonthatmanyyoungparentswouldratherinvestmuchmoneyin/intoearlyeducationthantravelwithkidstoexpandtheirhorizons..高中英語翻譯題：TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets..很多人對他們的潛能一無所知。(ignorant).這些政策在一定程度上對該地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟衰退負有責任。(extent).自古以來老百姓就希望天下太平，同各國人民友好相處。(longfor).青少年問題的發(fā)展趨勢值得我們關注和研究,也值得整個社會群策群力,共商對策。(which)【答案】Manypeoplearetotallyignorantoftheirpotential(abilities/talents).Thesepoliciesaretosomeextentresponsiblefortheregion’seconomicdecline.Sinceancienttimespeoplehavelongedforapeacefulworldtolivetogetherinfriendshipwithpeoplefrom/ofallcountries./Sinceancienttimespeoplehavelongedforapeacefulworld,wherepeopleofall/differentcountrieslivetogetherinfriendship.Thedevelopingtrendofyouth/adolescent/teenagerproblemsdeservesourattentionandresearch/analysis,whichalsodeservesthejointeffortsofthewholesocietytofindsolutions.【解析】.考查ignorant相關用法和時態(tài)。分析句子可知，句子為一般現(xiàn)在時，謂語動詞為beignorantof...“不知道”、“不懂”。結合漢意，故翻譯為:Manypeoplearetotallyignorantoftheirpotential(abilities/talents)..考查extent的相關用法和時態(tài)。分析句子可知，句子為一般現(xiàn)在時，謂語動詞為beresponsiblefor,tosomeextent"某一定程度上”為固定短語。結合漢意。故翻譯為：Thesepoliciesaretosomeextentresponsiblefortheregion’seconomicdecline.3．考查動詞短語和時態(tài)。分析句子可知,由句中的Sinceancienttimes可知,本句為現(xiàn)在完成時，謂語動詞為longfor“渴望〃，所以用havelongedfor。結合漢意。故翻譯為Sinceancienttimespeoplehavelongedforapeacefulworldtolivetogetherinfriendshipwithpeoplefrom/ofallcountries./Sinceancienttimespeoplehavelongedforapeacefulworld,wherepeopleofall/differentcountrieslivetogetherinfriendship.4.考查關系代詞。分析句子可知，本句時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時，Thedevelopingtrendofyouth/adolescent/teenagerproblems為主語，謂語為deserve。本句還涉及非限制性定語從句，非限制性定語從句為一般現(xiàn)在時。Thedevelopingtrendofyouth/adolescent/teenagerproblems為定語從句的先行詞，在定語從句中作deserve的主語，所以關系代詞為which。結合漢意。故翻譯為：Thedevelopingtrendofyouth/adolescent/teenagerproblemsdeservesourattentionandresearch/analysis,whichalsodeservesthejointeffortsofthewholesocietytofindsolutions.6.高中英語翻譯題：TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets..他排了好幾個小時才買到這個新出的iPhone°(release).一件雕塑贈予了城市博物館，以紀念兩個城市間的珍貴友誼。(present).他一進飯店，就被告知這家飯店可以手機掃二維碼點餐。(Hardly).雖說忠言逆耳利于行，這個年紀的孩子很叛逆，你越勸，他可能越不會聽。(advice)【答案】.Hewaitedfor(several)hoursinline/queuedforseveralhoursbeforehebought/gotthenewly-releasediPhone./Havingwaited/afterwaitingforhoursinline,hefinallyboughtthenewly-releasediPhone..Astatue/sculpturewaspresentedtoCityMusuem/themuseuminthiscityinhonourof/inmemoryof/inremembranceof/tocommemorate/tohonourthevaluable/preciousfriendshipbetweenthetwocities..Hardlyhadheenteredtherestaurantwhenhewasinformed/toldthathecouldorderthefoodbyscanningthecode/QRcodewithhismobilephone./usehismobilephonetoscantheQRcodetoorderthefood.4．Althoughfaithful/frank/honestadviceisunpleasanttoearbutbeneficialtoone'sbehaviour,childrenofthisagearesorebelliousthatthemoreadviceyougivehim,thelesslikelyheistofollowit./Themoreyoutrytopersuadehim,thelesslikelyheistolistentoyou.【解析】1．考查時態(tài)和過去分詞作定語。根據(jù)漢語提示可知，本句的基礎時態(tài)是一般過去時；“排隊”wait..inline/queue,“新出的iPhone”thenewly-releasediPhone,其中一個時間狀語從句“過了……才……”…before…；本句還可用“排了好幾小時隊”的現(xiàn)在分詞形式作為伴隨狀語，再結合其他漢語提示，本句可譯為：Hehadwaitedfor(several)hoursinline/queuedforseveralhoursbeforehebought/gotthenewly-releasediPhone.Havingwaited/afterwaitingforhoursinline,hefinallyboughtthenewly-releasediPhone..考查被動語態(tài)和短語。根據(jù)漢語提示可知，本句的基礎時態(tài)是一般過去時；“以紀念”inmemoryof/inremembranceof/tocommemorate/tohonor,“珍貴的友誼”precious/valuablefriendship,雕塑(statue/sculpture)和贈與(present)之間是被動關系，故用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，再結合其它漢語提示，故本句可譯為：Astatue/sculpturewaspresentedtoCityMusuem/themuseuminthiscityinhonourof/inmemoryof/inremembranceof/tocommemorate/tohonourthevaluable/preciousfriendshipbetweenthetwocities..考查部分倒裝和被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)漢語提示可知，本句的基礎時態(tài)是一般過去時；“一……就……”hardly...when...,hardly置于句首時要部分倒裝，“告知某人做某事”inform/tellsb.todosth.,“使用手機掃描二維碼”usehismobilephonetoscantheQRcode/scantheQRcodewithhismobilephone,再結合其它漢語提示，故本句可譯為:Hardlyhadheenteredtherestaurantwhenhewasinformed/toldthathecouldorderthefoodbyscanningthecode/QRcodewithhismobilephone./usehismobilephonetoscantheQRcodetoorderthefood.4．考查讓步狀語從句和固定句型。根據(jù)提示可知,本句的基礎時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時；“忠言”faithful/frank/honestadvice,“越……越……”the+比較級，the+比較，"這個年紀的孩子”childrenofthisage,“很有可能做某事”belikelytodosth.,“叛逆的"rebellious,“聽取某人的建議"followone'sadvice,再結合其它漢語提示，故本句可譯為：Althoughfaithful/frank/honestadviceisunpleasanttoearbutbeneficialtoone'sbehaviour,childrenofthisagearesorebelliousthatthemoreadviceyougivehim,thelesslikelyheistofollowit./Themoreyoutrytopersuadehim,thelesslikelyheistolistentoyou.【點睛】第三小題考查固定句型hardly...when.，一……就……”，該句型在時態(tài)上有要求，即主句用現(xiàn)在完成時，從句用一般過去時，如把hardly置于句首時，主語要部分倒裝。例如：IhadhardlyfallenasleepwhenIlayonthebed.我一躺在床上就睡著了。-HardlyhadIfallenasleepwhenIlayonthebed.和它用法一樣的句型還有nosooner...than...和scarcely...when…，例如：IhadnosoonerfallenasleepthanIlayonthebed.我一躺在床上就睡著了。-NosoonerhadIfallenasleepthanIlayonthebed.7.高中英語翻譯題：TranslatethofollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.據(jù)報道這場森林大火吞噬了42條生命，摧毀了7000多幢房腿(It).我國正在全力以赴促進經(jīng)濟與結構調整。(promote).只有車記使備中國才能早日實現(xiàn)。(Only)4．許多中國的航空公司允許乘客在飛行過程中使用手機,這意味我們可以在空中玩喜歡的游戲了。(allow)【答案】1．Itwasreportedthattheforestfirehadkilled42peopleanddestroyedover7000buildings.2．Ourcountryisgoingallbuttopromoteeconomicandstructuraladjustments.3．OnlywhenwekeepthemissioninmindcantheChinesedreamberealizedassoonaspossible.4．ManyChineseairlinesallowpassengerstousetheirsmartphonesduringtheflight,whichmeanswecanplayourfavoritegamesintheair.【解析】.考查形式主語。Itwasreportedthat據(jù)報道，該句型是固定句型，其中it是形式主語，that引導的主語從句中，使用過去完成時，故翻譯為Itwasreportedthattheforestfirehadkilled42peopleanddestroyedover7000buildings..考查時態(tài)和動詞。表示正在進行的動作，用現(xiàn)在進行時，promote是及物動詞，后面直接接賓語，故翻譯為Ourcountryisgoingallbuttopromoteeconomicandstructuraladjustments..考查部分倒裝。以“only+它所修飾的副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句”位于句首時，常使用部分倒裝，故翻譯為OnlywhenwekeepthemissioninmindcantheChinesedreamberealizedassoonaspossible..考查固定句型和非限制性定語從句。allowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事，該句型是固定句型。這里含有一個非限制性定語從句，修飾整個主句內(nèi)容，故翻譯為ManyChineseairlinesallowpassengerstousetheirsmartphonesduringtheflight,whichmeanswecanplayourfavoritegamesintheair.8.高中英語翻譯題：Translation1．這些保存完好的歷史建筑可以追溯到16世紀60年代。(date).John難得去老師那兒尋求幫助，他覺得自學會使自己受益更多。(Seldom).基于個人消費歷史的網(wǎng)上年度賬單可能會帶來隱私泄露問題。(bring).近年來醫(yī)患關系成為了社會熱點，解除病人痛苦正是醫(yī)生職責，病人也應充分信任與理解醫(yī)生。(relieve)【答案】1.Thesewell-preservedhistoricbuildingscandatebacktothe1560s.2.SeldomdidJohnaskteacherforhelp,andhethoughtthatteachinghimselfwouldbemorebeneficial.3．Onlyayearlybillbasedonpersonalconsuminghistorymaybringabouttheleakofprivateproblem.4．Recently,therelationshipbetweendoctorsandpatientshasbecomeasocialhotpoint,butrelievingthePatients’painisdoctor'sresponsibilityandthepatientsshouldfullybelieveandunderstandthedoctors.【解析】.考查datebackto的用法。根據(jù)句意及提示詞可知，此處使用詞組datebackto"追溯到“，該詞組沒有被動語態(tài)，常使用一般現(xiàn)在時。故譯為：Thesewell-preservedhistoricbuildingscandatebacktothe1560s..考查seldom引導倒裝句的用法。seldom位于句首時，后面需要部分倒裝；根據(jù)句意可知，此處描述的是過去的動作，應使用一般過去時和過去將來時。故譯為：SeldomdidJohnaskteacherforhelp,andhethoughtthatteachinghimselfwouldbemorebeneficial..考查bringabout的用法。根據(jù)句意及提示詞可知，此處使用詞組bringabout“帶來”，句子描述的是客觀事實，應使用一般現(xiàn)在時。故譯為：Onlyayearlybillbasedonpersonalconsuminghistorymaybringabouttheleakofprivateproblem..考查relieve的用法。根據(jù)句意及提示詞可知，此處使用動詞relieve"解除”的動名詞詞組做主語，句子使用現(xiàn)在完成時和一般現(xiàn)在時，故譯為：Recently,therelationshipbetweendoctorsandpatientshasbecomeasocialhotpoint,butrelievingthePatients’painisdoctor'sresponsibilityandthepatientsshouldfullybelieveandunderstandthedoctors.9.高中英語翻譯題：Directions：TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets..已經(jīng)有越來越多的人求助于瑜伽（yoga）來緩解工作中的壓力。（turn）.在我們做出最終決定之前，我們務必要把相關事實考慮在內(nèi)。（consideration）.這個游戲的獨特之處在于它幫助孩子學會如何應對現(xiàn)實生活中他們可能遇到的問題。（What）.只有通過參與社區(qū)志愿者活動才能有效地增強學生服務大眾的責任感。（Only）【答案】1.Moreandmorepeopleturntoyogatorelievethestressfromwork.2.Beforewemadethefinaldecision,wemakesurethattherelativefactsshouldbetakenintoconsideration.3.Whatmakesthegameuniqueisthatithelpschildrenlearnhowtodealwiththeproblemstheymaymeetinreallife.4.Onlybytakingpartinthecommunityvoluntaryactivities,canthestudentsincreasethesenseofservingthepeople.【解析】【分析】本題考查學生對于詞匯語句實境的應用能力。1．考查比較級句式和動詞固定結構。分析句子結構可知，時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時，主語為“越來越多的人"，即：moreandmorepeople,謂語動詞為turnto,意為“求助于”，“來緩解工作中的壓力”為目的狀語，可用todo不定式表目的。故翻譯為：Moreandmorepeopleturntoyogatorelievethestressfromwork.2．考查狀語從句和名詞固定結構。分析句子可知,“在我們做出最終決定之前”為時間狀語從句，由before引導，主句主語為“我們”we,謂語為“確?！?，makesure,之后可接賓語從句。提供詞consideration可構成固定結構“takesthintoconsideration”，意為”將……考慮在內(nèi)”。故翻譯為：Beforewemadethefinaldecision,wemakesurethattherelativefactsshouldbetakenintoconsideration..考查主語從句和疑問詞+todo不定式作賓語。分析句子可知，句子主語為“這個游戲的獨特之處”，可由what引導主語從句，謂語為“在于”，可由be動詞充當，“它幫助孩子學會如何應對現(xiàn)實生活中他們可能遇到的問題”可作表語從句，且使用howtodealwiththeproblems短語結構。故翻譯為：Whatmakesthegameuniqueisthatithelpschildrenlearnhowtodealwiththeproblemstheymaymeetinreallife..考查倒裝句式。分析句子結構可知，“只有通過參與社區(qū)志愿者活動”可由only引導方式狀語位于句首，主句使用部分倒裝結構，即：only+方式狀語+助動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語+謂語……”，故翻譯為：Onlybytakingpartinthecommunityvoluntaryactivities,canthestudentsincreasethesenseofservingthepeople.【點睛】“only+狀語置于句首引起的倒裝句”的基本用法副詞only置于句首，強調方式狀語、條件狀語、地點狀語、時間狀語等狀語時，主句要進行部分倒裝。即構成：Only+狀語結構+助動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語+謂語+其他例如：Onlyinabigcitywasitpossibletobuyanewwheelchair.只有在大城市里才能買到新輪椅。Onlywhenwehadstudiedthedataagaindidwerealizethattherewasamistake.只有當我們再次研究了這些數(shù)據(jù)的時候,我們才意識到出了一個錯。Onlybecausethereweresomecancelledbookingsdidhegetsometicketsintheend.一些預訂被取消了,他才得以買到了幾張票。小題4考查only引導的倒裝句式。需要掌握句式結構的前提下，靈活御用所學詞匯和短語結構。比如“參與”可由takepartin表達，“……的責任感”可由thesenseof...表達。因此全句翻譯為：Onlybytakingpartinthecommunityvoluntaryactivities,canthestudentsincreasethesenseofservingthe