高中物理必背知識(shí)點(diǎn)實(shí)用口訣(TXT手機(jī)版)（Practicaltipsforhighschoolphysics(TXT)）1.Descriptionofmovement1.Objectmodelwithparticlesize,ignoreshapeandsize;Theearthturnstobeaparticle,theearth'srotationisaboutthesize.Thechangeoftheobjectposition,accuratedescriptionwithdisplacement,speedSmovementthant,withΔvandtthana.2.Usinggeneralformula,averagevelocityissimplemethod,intermediatetimevelocitymethod,initialvelocityzeroratiomethod,andgeometricimagemethod,tosolvethemethodofmotion.Thefreefallisaninstance,theinitialvelocityiszeroa,etc.Thespeedofthecentermomentisequaltotheaveragevelocity;Accelerationhasagoodside,ΔSaTsquare,etc.3.Thevelocitydeterminesthemotionoftheobject,inthedirectionoftheaccelerationofthevelocity,thesamedirectionisacceleratedbackward,andtheverticalturningisthesame.Second,theforce1.Forceanalysisisthekeytosolvemechanicalproblems;Analyzetheforceofforceanddealwithitaccordingtotheeffect.2.Theanalysisforceshouldbecareful,quantitativecalculationofsevenforces;Theforceofgravityisdeterminedbytheforceofgravity.Thereiselasticityandfriction,relativemotionisthebasis;Theforceofgravityisdefiniteinallthings.Lorenzforce,theessenceisunity;Verticalforceisthelargest,parallelinabilitytoremember.3.Thecalculationresultisonly"quantity"inthesamedirection.Thetwoforcesaresmallandlarge,twoforcesareq-angleclip,parallelogrammethod;Theresultantforcesizevarieswithq,onlyinthemaximumminimum,andtheforceoftheforceiscombinedtotheotherside.Themulti-forceproblemstate,orthogonaldecompositiontosolve,trigonometricfunctionscanberesolved.4.Multiplemethodsofmechanicalproblems,integralisolationandhypothesis;Allyouneedtodoislookattheexternalforceandsolvetheinternalforceisolation.Thestateisthesameasthewhole,otherwiseitismuchmoreisolated;Evenifthestateisdifferent,thewholecowiicanbedone;Supposethatsomeforceisorisnot,andisdeterminedaccordingtothecalculation;Thelimitmethodgrabsthecriticalstate,theprocedurallawisdoneinorder;Orthogonaldecompositioncoordinates,theaxialvectorisasmuchaspossible.Newton'slawsofmotion1.Fandotherma,Newtontwolaw,produceacceleration,becauseofforce.Sothenetforceisgoinginthesamedirectionasa,sothevelocityvariableisgoingtobeequaltoa,soit'sgoingtobeasmaller,butit'sgoingtobegreaterthanu,soit'sgoingtobeequaltou.2.TheforceofNandTdependsontheweight,andthemgproductistherealweight.Heavyweightlossisregardedasheavy,andtheinvariantisrealweight;Accelerationisoverweight,decelerationisalsooverweight;Weightlessnessisdeterminedbyaddinganddecreasing,completelylosingattentiontozeroFour,curvemotion,gravitation1.Themotiontrajectoryisthecurve,thecentripetalforceexistsasthecondition,thecurveischanging,thedirectionisthetangentline.2.Thecircularmotioncentripetalforce,thesupplyanddemandrelationintheheart,theradialforceprovidesthefoot,needsmusquaredoverR,MRWsquarealsoneeds,thesupplyanddemandbalanceisnotdisoriented.Gravitationisbornofmassandexistsinalloftheworld.Satellitesorbitthecelestialbody,andthefastandslowmotionofthesatelliteisdeterminedbydistance,thecloseritis,thefasteritgoes,thefartheritgoes,thesloweritgoes,thespeedofthesynchronoussatelliteisfixed,andthesatelliteistravelingovertheequator.Mechanicalenergyandenergy1.Determinethestateforkineticenergy,Theanalysisprocesslooksfortheforcework,plusthepositiveandnegativeworktogether,thekineticenergyincrementisthesameasthat.It'sclearthatthetwostatemechanicalenergy,theprocessforceisdoingwork,the"gravity"iszero,theinitialstateenergyisthesame.3.Determinethestatetofindtheamountofenergy,andthenlookattheprocessforcetodowork.Sothere'sachangeinenergy,andtheinitialstateenergyisthesame.6.Electricfield1.Coulomb'slawchargeforce,gravitationalattractionforce,asifitisthetwinbrother,kQqandrsquaredratio.2.Thereisanelectricfieldaroundthecharge,andFisstrongerthanq.KQismorethanr2,andUisequaltotheelectricfield.Theintensityoftheelectricfieldisthevector,theforceofthepositivechargeisfixed.Descriptionoftheuseofelectricfield,thedensityofweakandstrong.Thefieldenergyiselectricpotentialandthefieldlineisdecreasing.TheworkoffieldforceisqU,thekineticenergytheoremcannotbeforgotten.4.Theelectricfieldhasequipotentialsurface,whichisperpendiculartothefieldline.Thedirectionislowwithhighdirection,andthesurfacedensityischaracteristic.7,constantcurrentisoptional3-1Whenthechargeismoving,thecurrentisequaltoqovert.Thefreechargeistheinternalcause,andthevoltageonbothendsisthecondition.Thepositiveloadflowdirectionisdetermined,andtheflowmeterismeasured.Theexternalcurrentofthepowersupplyisnegative,fromnegativetoserious.2.Threefactorsofresistancelaw,thetemperatureisconstant,thecontrolvariableisdiscussed,rlratiosandotherresistance.ThecurrentisdoingtheworkUIt,theelectrothermalIsquaredRt.Electricpower,Wratiot,voltagetimescurrentisalso.3.Basicelectricpathlinkingandseparatingpressureshunt.Complexcircuitsusethebrain,theequivalentcircuitisthekey.4.Partialcircuitofclosedcircuit,externalcircuitandinternalcircuit,followedbyohm.Pressuredropintheterminalvoltage,andtheelectromotiveforce,exceptthetotalresistancecurrentis8,3-1Thereisamagneticfieldaroundthemagnet,andtheforceoftheNisdetermined.Thereisamagneticfieldaroundthecurrent,andamperesetthedirection.2.FratioIlisthefieldintensity,phiandotherBSmagneticflux,magneticfluxdensityphiratioS,thenameofmagneticfieldstrengthisdifferent.3.BILampereforce,perpendiculartoeachother.Lorentzforce,theforceoftheforcetotheleft.9.Electromagneticinduction(3-2)1.Electromagneticinductionmagneticinduction,fluxvariationisacondition.Thecircuitcloseswithacurrent,andthecircuitbreakeristhepowersupply.Theinductionelectromotiveforcesize,thefluxrateoffluxisknown.2.Thedirectionoflenz'slawisthekeytopreventchange.Conductorscutthemagneticline,andtherighthandruleismoreconvenient.3.Lenz'slawisabstract,whichreallyunderstandsfromthethreeparties,hinderstheincreaseanddecreaseofthemagneticflux,andtherelativemotionisresisted,theself-inductancecurrentwantstostop,theenergyconservationshouldbe.Youlookatthemagneticfieldinthefirstplace,wheretheinducedmagneticfieldisgoingtogoup,andallthemagneticfluxincreasesordecreases,andtheamperesetisknowntotheI.10.Alternatingcurrent(3-2)1.Theuniformmagneticfieldhascoils,rotatingtogeneratealternatingcurrent.Thecurrentvoltageelectromotiveforce,thechangeruleisthestring.Theneutralsurfacetimeissine,paralleltimeiscosine.2.NBSomegaisthemaximumvalueandtheeffectivevalueiscalculatedwithheat.3.Transformerforacuse,constantcurrentcannotbeused.Idealtransformer,primaryUIvalue,secondaryUIvalue,equalityisprinciple.Ratioofvoltagetoratioofturns;Theratioofthecurrenttotheratioofturns.Applytheratioofvariable-pressureratio,ifyouwanttofindthenumberofturns,turnitintotheturns.Farawayfromthepowertransmission,thevoltagedropissent,otherwisetheuserwilllowerthepressure.11.Gaseousequation:3-3Studythequalityofthegasanddeterminethestatusoftheparameters.TheabsolutetemperatureisthevolumeofT,volumeisvolume.Pressureanalysis,Newton'slawforyou.Thestateparametermustbefound,PVisequaltoT.12.LawsofthermodynamicsThefirstlawofthermodynamics,theconservationofenergy.Howmuchinternalenergychange,howmuchheatyoucando.Positiveandnegativesignsneedtobeaccurate,incomeexpendituretounderstand.Theinternalenergyandheatabsorptionarepositive.Externalworkandheatreleasecanreducenegativevalues.2.Secondlawofthermodynamics,heattransferisirreversible,heattransferandheattransferwork,withdirectivity.13,mechanicalvibrations3-4ThesimpleharmonicvibrationshouldkeepinmindthatOisthedisplacementofthestartingpoint,thedirectionoftherecoveryforce,alwaysintheequilibriumposition,Themagnitudeisproportionaltothedisplacement,andtheequilibriumpositionisu.2.Opointsymmetrydon'tforget,vibrationstrengthistheamplitudeofvibrationspeedisacycle,thecycle,4awalkpendulumcyclethanlg,n-throotby2p,againplacecyclefor2secondsseconds,setaboutlengthof1meterlong.Tothecenterofthecenterofmass,thependulumhasequaltime.3.Thedirectionofthevibrationimageistracedfromthebottomtothetop,fromtoptobottom;Thedisplacementofthevibrationimage,thegreatdisplacementofthebasepoint,thepositiveandnegativesigndirection.14.Mechanicalwave(3-4)1.Ontheleft,ontherightandontheright.Thepeakpointhasnodirection.2.Followthedirectionofcommunication,fromthevalleytothepeakoftheclimb,thebottomofthefootmustpushdown,upanddowntomove.3.Theimagesofdifferenttime,fourpointsΔtoneorthree,particlemovementdoubts,Sandvtsenttouse.15.Opticsforelective3-41.Self-luminescenceisthesourceoflightsourceandthesamestraightline.Ifyouencounterobstacles,thepathoftransmissionwillchange.Thelawofrefractionisthekeypointofreflection.Thelightmediumhasrefractiveindex,(its)definitionissinusoidalratio,itcanalsobeusedwithvelocityratio,andthewavelengthratioisalsocaused.2.Totalreflection,keepinmindthatincominglightisinthelight.TheAngleofincidenceisgreaterthanthecriticalAngleandtherefractivelightisnowheretobefound.PhysicalopticsLightisanelectromagneticwavethatproducesinterferenceanddiffraction.Diffractionhasasingleslitandasmallhole,andtheinterferencehasadoubleslitandamembrane.Singleslitdiffractionisthemiddlewidthandinterference(fringe)issimilar.Aperturediffractionoccultingring,filminterferenceismoreuseful.Itcanbeusedtomeasuretheworkpieceandcanbemadeintoamembrane.Poissonbrightspotisdiffraction,interferenceformulashouldbegrasped.Elective3-42.Lightmetalcanproduceelectricityandtheincominglighthasalimit.Photoelectrickineticenergyandsmall,It'srelatedtothephotonfrequency.Thenumberofphotoelectronsismoreandless,whichiscloselyrelatedtothelightintensity.Thephotoe