能源英語面面觀知到章節(jié)測試答案智慧樹2023年最新中國石油大學（華東）第一章測試TheChineseequivalentofESAPis（

）.

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通用學術英語Theword“synergy”means（

）basedonitsetymologicalexplanation.

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協(xié)同作用Theword“oil”originallymeans“anykindofsmoothgreasyliquid”butlateracquiresthespecificmeaningof“petroleum”.Thisword-formingmethodiscalled（

）.

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SpecializationCompoundedwordshavefourcharacteristics,amongwhich（

）referstoitsspellingfeatures.

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orthographicalSouroilmeansoilthatcontainsarelativelyhighproportionof（

）.

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sulfurThesunenergizesphotosynthesisandbringsabouttheenergycalled（

）.

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chemicalenergyEnergyindustryisthetotalityofalloftheindustriesinvolvedintheproductionandsaleofenergy,includingfuelextraction,manufacturing,（

）anddistribution.

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refiningTheunderlinedword“tap”means（

）inthefollowingsentence—Oilisformedandthenpercolatesupthroughcracksandporousrocktofillthereservoirsthathumanstaptogetoil.

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開采Abbreviationscanachievebrevity,conciseness,efficiencyandeconomy.ThereforeitisfrequentlyusedinthefollowingdomainEXCEPT（

）.

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fictionwritingEnergyconversionefficiency(η)istheratiobetween（

）and（

）.

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input,output第二章測試

(

)isnotarealcoal,butonlyaprecursor.

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PeatChinaisthelargestcoal(

)countryin2017.

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production

AtaleoftwoEuropesmeans(

).

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somecountriesinwesternEuropewithcoalexitandsomecountriesinEasternEuropenotannouncingcoalphase-outTheabiotictheoryisdevelopedin(

)duringtheColdWar,asitneededtobeselfsufficientintermsofproducingitsownenergy.

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SovietUnionSlightlymorethanhalfoftheworld’sprovenreservesarelocatedin(

).

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theMiddleEastInChina,mostnaturalgasisdistributedin(

).

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basins

Whichofthefollowingarefossilfuels?

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coal;petroleum;naturalgasThemostsignificantusesofcoalarein(

).

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cementmanufacturing;electricitygeneration;steelproduction;liquidfuelAccordingtoareportbyBritishPetroleum(BP),Largesuppliesofcoalareknowntoexist(provenreserves)orthoughttobeavailablein(

).

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NorthAmerica;Asia;EuropeAcrossmuchofAsia,coaldemandgrowsduetoits(

).

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availability;affordabilityIntheargumentabouttheoriginofoil,scientistsshouldavoidletting(

)preventthemfromacceptingthetruth,whateverthatprovestobe.

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scientificcompetition;previousideas;politicsPetroleumisa(

)mixtureofsolid,liquid,andgaseoushydrocarbonsthatoccursnaturallybeneaththeEarth’ssurface.

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thick;yellow-to-black;flammableAccordingtothereportbyEIAin2018,thetopthreecountriesbyoilproductionare(

).

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Russia;SaudiArabia;theUSAFossilfuelsoriginatedfromdinosaurs.

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錯TocarrycoalstoNewcastleisliketopoursandonthebeach.

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對Inordertoreducetheconsumptionofcoal,Chinahastrieditsbesttoinvestinrenewableenergyandtoadoptnewtechnologytoimprovetheefficiencyinindustry.

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對Theword“petroleum”originatedinLatinwhichmeans“rockoil”.

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對Oilandnaturalgasareoftenfoundinsimilarareas,althoughnaturalgaswillalmostcertainlybehigherinthegroundandunderlesspressurethanoil.

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錯第三章測試Fuelcellengines(燃料電池發(fā)動機)aretwotothreetimesmoreefficientthancombustionengines,meaningthatmuchgreaterfueleconomyisavailableusinghydrogeninafuelcell.

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對Afuelcellisadevicethatproduceselectricityfromchemicalfuels,injustonestep.Unlikebatteries,fuelcellsdon’trundownorneedrecharging.Aslongasthereisaconstantsourceoffuelandoxygen,fuelcellswillcontinuetogeneratepower.Andtheydon’tburnthefuel–theelectricityisproduceddirectly.

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對Wearemoreindependentonelectricitythanweweregenerationsagosoafailureofsupplytodaycanhavemajorconsequences.

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錯Becausethefuelcellissomuchmoreefficientthattheinternalcombustionengine,fuelingafuelcellcarcancostaroundthesameasfuelingagasolinecar.

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對Refuelingafuelcellcarismorecomplexanddangerousthanwithtraditionalgasolinevehicles.

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錯Solarpanels,windturbines,hydropowerandgeothermalenergyandhydrocarbons(naturalgasorcoal)canallbeusedtoproducehydrogen(aprimaryenergy).

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錯Electrolysiscanusewind,solar,geothermal,fossilfuels,biomass,nuclear,andmanyotherenergysources.

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對Waystoproducehydrogenfuelincludeproducingitfromnuclearpower,biomass,algae,artificialphotosynthesis,directsolarandcoalgasification.

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對Solarpowercausesnopollutionatall.

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錯Seasonalvariationsinprecipitationandlong-termchangesinprecipitationpatterns,suchasdroughts,haveabigimpactonhydropowerproduction.

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對Petroleumandnaturalgasbeneaththeoceanfloorarealsoconsideredaformofoceanenergy.

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對Hydropowersystemsbuildpressureeitherbycontainingthewaterbehindadam,orwithinapipethatrunsdownahill.Theweightofthewaterbehindthedamorinthepipecreatespressureatthebottom.Moreheightcreatesmorepressure,andmorepressuremeanswecangetmorepowerfromtheflowofwater.

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對The1973oilembargoand1979energycrisiscausedareorganizationofenergypoliciesaroundtheworldandbroughtrenewedattentiontodevelopingsolartechnologies.

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對Newenergyvehiclesaredrivenbytheeneryof______.Itisbelievedthattheyreduceourdependenceonpetroleumandmayreducegreenhousegasemissions.

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hydrogen_____isthefirstelementontheperiodictable,makingitthelightestelement.Sinceitissolight,itrisesintheatmosphereandisthereforerarelyfoundinitspureform.

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HydrogenInaflameofpurehydrogengas,burninginair,thehydrogenreactswithoxygentoformwaterandreleases_______.

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energy______hasthehighestenergycontentofallknownconventionalfuels(byweight).Ithasalmost3timesmoreenergycontentbymassthan______.

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Hydrogen,gasolineTheonlyproductsthatcomeoutofafuelcellare_______.Nopollutionorotherdirtybyproductscomeoutofthetailpipeofafuelcellcar.

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electricity,heatandwaterFuelcellsareversatileastheycanscaleupeasilyandmeetavarietyofpowerneeds–largeorsmall.Youcan____individualfuelcellstoincreasetheamountofpowertheycanprovide.Thetallerthestack,themorepoweryouhave.

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stackPurehydrogendoesnotoccurnaturallyonEarthinlargequantities,anditislockedupinenormousquantitiesinwater,hydrocarbons,andother______.Oneofthechallengesofusinghydrogenasafuelcomesfrombeingabletoefficientlyextracthydrogenfromthesecompounds(化合物).

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organicmatter______isanenergyformfoundinnaturethathasnotbeensubjectedtoanyhumanengineeredconversionprocess.Itisenergycontainedinrawfuels,andotherformsofenergyreceivedasinputtoasystem.

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PrimaryenergyInelectrolysis,electricityisrunthroughwatertoseparatethe_____and_____atoms.

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hydrogen,oxygenManufacturersofhydrogengeneratorshavedevelopedmethodstouseloweramountsofelectricitytosplitwaterintohydrogen.Differentelectrolytesorcatalystsareusedin_______thebondsbetweenhydrogenandoxygenatomsthatmakeupwater.

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looseningThescientistsandresearchershavemostlydecidedthatusingnuclearpowerplantsthatarecurrentlyonlinemaybeabletoproducehydrogenfuelasabyproductofthewaterthattheyarealreadyusingtocoolthe____.

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reactorsLandfillsandfarmscanhavehighconcentrationsof_____whichishydrogen-richchemicalcompound.

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methaneMostoftoday’shydrogenisproducedfromnaturalgasthroughaprocesscalledsteammethanereforming.Thisiswheresteamand_______cometogetherunderhightemperaturetoproducehydrogen.

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hydrocarbonsAragingrivercontains____energy____asmallstream.

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more,thanBeamsofsunshinearewavesoflightandheatenergy,radiatedacross93millionmilesofspacetoreachourearthinabout________.

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eightminutesSunlightreachesusbyradiation.Radiationtravelsinelectromagneticwavesconsistingof______,andwhentheenergywavesreachanobject,theycaneitherpassthroughit,orbereflected,orbeabsorbed,dependingonthematerial.PVsaremadeoutofasemi-conductingmaterial.Whentheyabsorbphotonsofsunlight,theenergyofthephotonsdislodgeselectronsfromtheiratoms.ThePV’sspecialcoatingattractsfreeelectronstothesurface,anditisthismovementofelectronsthatproducestheelectricalcurrent.

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photonsFloatovoltaicsreducetheneedofvaluablelandarea,savedrinkingwaterthatwouldotherwisebelostthrough______,andshowahigherefficiencyofsolarenergyconversion,asthepanelsarekeptata_____temperaturethantheywouldbeonland.

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evaporation,coolerTheislandofTa’uinAmericanSamoa,smallinsizethough,islargewhenitcomestorenewableenergy.Itproducing100%ofitselectricityfromsolarpower.Thebatteriesstoreenergyforupto____daysonwhichthesundoesn’tshine.

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threeHydrogenfuelcanbeharvestedfrombiomass.______,________and______arethreeplacesthatcreatemuchbiomass.

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farms;sewageplants;landfillsTheamountof_____thatdrainsintoriversandstreamsinageographicareadeterminestheamountofwateravailableforproducinghydropower.

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snowfall;precipitation;raindropThevolumeofthewaterflowandthechangein_____fromonepointtoanotherdeterminetheamountofavailableenergyinmovingwater.

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elevation;fallWaterwheelsaremachinesthatusetheenergyof______toturnawheel.Theaxleoftheturningwheelcanthenpowerothermachinestodowork.

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flowingwater;orboth;orfallingwaterTheThreeGorgesDamhasbroughtbenefitstoChinesepeoplemainlyin__________.

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floodcontrol;tourismopportunities;powergeneration;navigationimprovementNewnuclearisimpracticalinwesterncountriesbecauseof________.

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oftdemandformultiplereactorunits;regulatoryuncertainty;popularopposition;highcostsStrongoceancurrentsaregeneratedfromacombinationoftemperature,wind,salinity,bathymetry,andtherotationoftheEarth.TheSunactsastheprimarydrivingforce,causing_____________.

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temperaturedifferences;windsCommonenvironmentalconcernsassociatedwithmarineenergydevelopmentsinclude____.

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thepotentialeffectonnearfieldandfarfieldmarineenvironmentandprocessessuchassedimenttransportandwaterquality;thephysicalpresenceofmarineenergyprojectsandtheirpotentialtoalterthebehaviorofmarinemammals,fish,andseabirdswithattractionoravoidance;theriskofmarinemammalsandfishbeingstruckbytidalturbineblades;theeffectsofEMFandunderwaternoiseemittedfromoperatingmarineenergydevices第四章測試Hydroelectricfacilitiesmighthaveamajorimpacton（

）.

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aquaticecosystemsGeothermalenergybringsairemissionsincluding（

）.

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all

theoptions（

）isNOToneofthegenderissuesinenergyindustry.

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racialdiscriminationWindfarmsmaybring（

）.

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noisepollutionUndercertainlightingconditions,windturbinescancreateaneffectknownas（

）.

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shadowflickerToachievegenderequityintheenergysectordoesnotmeanachieving（

）.

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equaltimeSTEMeducationdoesnotinclude（

）.

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masculinityWomenaretryingtogetinvolvedinenergysectorsbymakingeffortsindifferentaspectsexcept（

）.

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complainingjuveniledelinquencyEarthHourstartsat（

）.

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20:30WWFisshortfor（

）.

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WorldWideFundforNature（

）istheworld’slargestconservationorganization.

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WWFWWFiswell-knownforits（

）logocreatedin1961.

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pandaWhichoneoftheseincreasesthelevelofcarbondioxideinouratmosphere?

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All

theoptions（

）istakeninbyplantstomakefood.

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carbondioxideTheprocessbywhichplantsmakefoodiscalled（

）.

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photosynthesis（

）alsoknownasIEA,isattheheartofglobaldialogueonenergy.

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InternationalEnergyAgency（

）isanexampleofinitialism.

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HTMLThe（

）isanintergovernmentalorganizationtopromoteadoptionandsustainableuseofrenewableenergy.

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InternationalRenewableEnergyAgencyChoosethecorrectabbreviation.（

）

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WestartschoolonAug.

8th.Whattimeofthedayis12:00A.M.?（

）.

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midnight“Iliveon9200S.BellSt.”Whatdoes“S.”standforinthissentence?（

）

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SouthCountriesthatrelyonoilexports,cansufferfromaphenomenonknownasthe（

）.

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“DutchDisease”The（

）Effectreferstoaconceptthatsmallcausescanhavelargeeffects.

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ButterflyThecarbonmarketisamarketinwhichwetrade（

）.

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carbonemissionallowancesWhatyeardidoilpricesskyrocketthankstoanOPECembargo?（

）

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1973Plastictype（

）istypicallyusedtomakebottlesforwater.

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1Itissafertoputtype（

）polypropyleneintoamicrowaveoven.

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5Whichisanexampleofgeopolitics?（

）

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TheColdWarGeopoliticsisclosestto（

）.

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GeographicpoliticsCarbonfootprintscanNOTbereducedthrough（

）.

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eatingmoremeat第五章測試Theancient(

),wereallformedalongtherivers.

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Civilizations

Beforetheindustrialrevolution,themostimportantresourceswere(

)inagriculturalsociety

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LandandwaterAftertheindustrialrevolution,thekeyenergytransferredto(

).

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fossilfuelspeoplebuilddamsandleveestocontroltheflooding.Theseprojects,aswellasreservoirsandwells,werecalled(

).

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hydraulicengineeringOneofthereasonsofthebadeconomicsituationinArabianworld,maybeattributedtothedisruptivefrackingtechnologyimprovementin(

).

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theU.S.ABeforefossilfuelswereexploitedandappliedonalargescale,(

)themainsourceofenergyinancientChina.

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WoodandcharcoalThepoemOldCharcoalMantoldusafactthattheroyalfamily,aswellasthecommonpeoplelivingincities,needtopurchaseCharcoalfortheir(

).

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dailysupplyCharcoalhadbeenthemainfuelofsmeltingandcastingindustrybefore(

).

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SongDynastyTheuncontrolleduseoffirewoodultimatelyledtoseriousconsequence—(

).

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VegetationdeteriorationWhenthedrivingforceofsocialtransformationwasmainlyfromtheSouthandoverseas,theancientempirehadtomovetowardsearlyindustrialization,inthewayofseparating(

)andfinancialcapital.

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energyresources

Inmodernsociety,(),astheprimarysourceofenergy,wouldaffectthenationalsecurity.

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petroleumGreenspanoncesaid:“Oilisthebloodof().”

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ModernindustryBy(

),withtheimportedoilaccountingfor80%,Chinaisalmostbecomingacountrytotallydependentonimportedoil.

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2020Chinaisconstructingmutuallybeneficialrelationshipswithallthecountriesalong(

).

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theBeltandRoad

TheSouthChinaSeacontainstheworld’slargestreserveof(

).

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combustibleiceTheinternationalorganizationoffinancialsystemthatPresidentRooseveltproposedafterWWIItoestablishis(

).

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theBrettonWoodssystemWithintheBrettonWoodssystem,theUnitedStatespromisedtoexchangethedollarsforgoldatafixedrateof(

)dollarsperounce.

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35In1974theUnitedStatesmadeadealwith(

)foramilitaryalliance,whichthusledtothepetroleumtradebeingpricedintheU.S.dollars.

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SaudiArabiaAfter1973,bylinkingthedollartooil,adirectconsequenceoffightinginoil-producingcountriesisthesoaringoilprices,whichmeans(

)forthedollar.

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higherdemandThefirstdecreeissuedbytheInterimGovernmentwastodeclareIraq’soilexportstobepricedindollarsagaininsteadof(

).

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EurosVenezuela,acountrylocatedinnorthof(

),oncehasbeenoneoftheworld’slargestexportersofoilandhastheworld’slargest(

).

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southAmerica,provenoilreservesThetermDutchDiseasewascoinedin(

)toexplainasharpdeclineintheDutcheconomyfollowingtheirdiscoveryof(

)in1959.

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1977,naturalgasreservesHyperinflationisaveryhigh,rapid,andcontinuous(

),withinwhichthepricesofgoodsandservicesquicklyrisetoalevelsohigh.

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Inflationtheso-calledoilcursehasnoto