學(xué)年第二學(xué)期期中考試高一英語試卷班級(jí)__________________學(xué)號(hào)__________________姓名__________________Ⅰ.ListeningComprehension(20%)SectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Theycameinfivedifferentcolors. B.Theyweregoodvalueformoney.C.Theywereaverygooddesign. D.Theyweresoldoutveryquickly.2.A.Sheisexhausted. B.Sheisnear-sighted.C.Shecannotfinishworkintime. D.Shecannotgostraighthome.3.A.Themanhasleftagoodimpressiononherfamily.B.Themancandresscasuallyfortheoccasion.C.Themanshouldbuyhimselfanewsuit.D.Theman’sjeansandTshirtsarestylish.4.A.Itsprice. B.Itslocation. C.Itscomfort. D.Itsfacilities.5.A.Thewomanistooparticularaboutfood.B.Hewouldratherhaveamealanhourlater.C.Thewomanshouldorderherfoodquickly.D.Heusuallyprefersice-creamtosandwiches.6.A.Itmustbemissing. B.Itwasleftintheroom.C.Themantookittothemarket. D.Sheplaceditonthedressingtable.7.A.Takeabreak. B.Refuelhiscar.C.Asktheway. D.Haveacupofcoffee.8.A.Oneboxofbooksisfoundmissing. B.Someoftheboxesarrivedtoolate.C.Replacementshavetobeordered. D.Someofthebooksaredamaged.9.A.ThemanwillpickupProfessorJohnsonatheroffice.B.Themandidnotexpecthispapertobegradedsosoon.C.ProfessorJohnsonhasgiventhemanaveryhighgrade.D.ProfessorJohnsonwilltalktoeachstudentinheroffice.10.A.Samhasabigfamilytosupport.B.Samisnotinterestedintraveling.C.Thepayofferedbythetravelagencyistoolow.D.Theworkhoursinthetravelagencyaretoolong.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Togivecustomersawiderrangeofchoices.B.Tomakeshoppersseeasmanyitemsaspossible.C.Tosupplyasmanyvarietiesofgoodsasitcan.D.Tosavespaceformoreprofitableproducts.12.A.Manyofthembuythingsonimpulse.B.Fewofthemarefatherswithbabies.C.Amajorityofthemareyoungcouples.D.Over60%ofthemmakeshoppinglists.13.A.Salesassistantspromotinghighmargingoods.B.Salesassistantsfollowingcustomersaround.C.Customerscompetingforgoodbargains.D.Customerslosingallsenseoftime.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Theyappearupset. B.Theyloseconsciousness.C.Theybecomeangry. D.Theydiealmostinstantly.15.A.Tosucceedwhilefeelingirritated.B.Tofeelhappywithoutgoodhealth.C.Tobefreefromfrustrationandfailure.D.Toenjoygoodhealthwhileindarkmoods.16.A.Theyarecloselyconnected.B.Theyfunctioninasimilarway.C.Theyaretoocomplextounderstand.D.Theyreinforceeachotherconstantly.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.Howhebecameanannouncer. B.Howhewritesnewsstories.C.Howhemakeshisliving. D.Howhedoeshisjob.18.A.Theywritethefirstversionofnewsstories.B.Theygathernewsstoriesonthespot.C.Theypolishincomingnewsstories.D.Theywritecommentsonmajornewsstories.19.A.Readingthroughthenewsstoriesinagivenperiodoftime.B.Havinglittletimetoreadthenewsbeforegoingonair.C.Havingtochangethetoneofhisvoicefromtimetotime.D.Gettingallthewordsandphrasespronouncedcorrectly.20.A.Itshowswhereadvertisementscomein.B.Itgivesasignalforhimtoslowdown.C.Italertshimtosomethingimportant.D.Itservesasareminderofsadnews.Ⅱ.GrammarandVocabulary(25%)SectionA(5%)21.Withalotofdifficultproblems_________,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.A.settled B.settling C.tosettle D.beingsettled22.TheshuttleColumbiawasheadinghomewhentragedystruck,_________Americaandtheworld_________whatwentwrong.A.toleave,towonder B.leaving,wonderingC.leaving,towonder D.toleave,wondering23._________byaseriousillness,thepatienthadtolieinbedforafewdays.A.Wearingout B.Towearout C.Tobewornout D.Wornout24.Allthedepartmentmanagersofthecompanywerestudyingtheplanthattheywouldliketosee_________intopracticethenextmonth.A.toput B.put C.tobeputting D.putting25.Therumourof_________inthescandalspreadacrossthecity.A.theretobemoreemployersinvolvedB.therebeingmoreemployersinvolvingC.moreemployersbeinginvolvedD.moreemployerstobeinvolved26._________toenterthecountryusingafalsepassport,hewasarrestedbyborderguards.A.Caughttrying B.CaughttotryC.Havingcaughttrying D.Beingcaughttotry27._________,herheartwasbeatingfasterandfaster.A.ListeningtothecomingfootstepsB.AsshelistenedtothecomingfootstepsC.WhenlisteningtothecomingfootstepsD.Tothecomingfootstepsasshelistened28.Theintegratedcircuithasreducedbymanytimesthesizeofthecomputer,thus_________anewgenerationofportableminicomputers.A.tocreate B.created C.creates D.creating29.Commercialbanksmakemostoftheirincomefrominterest_________onloansandinvestmentsinstocksandbonds.A.earn B.earned C.earning D.toearn30.Don’tyouthinkitanygood_________inpublicplaces?A.forbiddingsmoking B.toforbidsmokingC.toforbidtosmoke D.forbiddingtosmokeSectionBDirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.DoyouliketoreadcrimethrillersorwatchmoviesandTVseriesaboutsolvingcriminalcases?Itisnotdifficulttocreatesuspensebymakingwhoeverisengagedinreading31(lose)inthetwistsandturnsoftheplots,butitdemandsacertainoriginalitytocomethroughwithacriminaldevicewhichispicturesqueoramusingenoughtomakethereaderfeelthewaitinghasbeenworthwhile.DetectivesintraditionalcrimenovelssuchasSherlockHolmesmainlyrelyontheirbrains.Nodetail,32tinyitis,escapestheeyesofHolmes,andthedeductive(推理的)approachheuses33(prove)highlyefficient.Moderncrimefictionisaboutintellectualpowersaswellasscienceandtechnology.Forexample,thebest-sellingTheGirlwiththeDragonTattoohasacomputerhacker34itsheroine.DNA,computerhacking,surveillanceandcountersurveillance—today’scrimefictionwritersfaceaminefieldofscienceandtechnologythatisessentialtothestorybutoftenhard35(describe)accurately.Itisimportantforwriterstodoresearchandgettheirsciencestraight.AleadingUSscientificorganizationisnowofferingasealofapprovalforbooksthatgetitright.TheorganizationistheWashingtonAcademyofSciences.Writerscansubmittheirworktotheorganization,36itundergoesathoroughpeerreview.PresidentJimColeoftheWashingtonAcademyofSciencesoncementionedthatmanypeopleencounteredsciencethroughfictionandTVshowssuchasCSI,whichoftengaveviewerstheimpressionthattechnology37solveanycrime.Butsciencegenerally38(understand)bythepublicisn’tnecessarilycorrectscience.Themoredetailedanauthorgetsintothetechnicalissues,theriskieritallbecomes.However,shouldthestoryitselfdemandtheviewers39(get)accuratescientificknowledge?Whatareourexpectationsforacrimenovel,afterall?Asciencelecture?Oragoodstorywithsuspenseandplottwists?Besides,40acrimenovelistoorealisticordescriptiveandprovidesaccuratescientificdetail,won’titbecomeamanualfortheperfectmurder?SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.topic B.developed C.arguably D.eventuallyE.repeated F.events G.shares H.individualI.influenced J.appeals K.literaryPoetryisakindofwritinginwhichthesoundandmeaningofgroupsofwordsexpressideasoremotioninadditiontotheexperiencesorstrongfeelingsthewriter41.Unlikemostotherformsofwriting,poetryisoftenwritteninlines,ratherthanparagraphs.Poetryalsosoundsdifferentfromotherformsofwriting,oftenusingrhythmandrhymetocreateaninterestingsoundwhenreadaloud.Poetrycatchestheattentionofareaderbecauseit42tobothemotionsandsenses.Soundis43thesinglemostimportantaspectofanypoem.Thesoundthatanygivenwordmakes,orthesoundsthatcomefromspecificgroupsofwordsusedtogether,arewhatmakepoetrysouniqueasaformofwriting.Atypicalstoryorreportdoesnotfocusonthesoundsthateach44wordmakeswhenread.Butpoemsgenerallycontainfewwords,soitisimportantthateachwordplaysaroleinmakinganimpactonthereader.Rhythmistheflowofsoundscreatedbysuccessivewordsinapoem.Whenyoureadapoemyoucanoftenhearthis45pattern,or“beat,”inthesounds.Thisiscalledmeter.Someoftheoldestandbest-knownpoetryintheworldcamefromAncientGreece.Asfarbackas700BCE,poetsthererecitedtheirworkatpublic.46andreligiousceremonies.ThegreatepicpoemsTheIliadandTheOdysseybyHomercamefromGreece.TheGreekseventually47Romanpoets,suchasVirgil,whowrotetheAeneid30BCE.Inmedievaltimes,poemssuchasBeowulf,TheDivineComedybyDante,andTheCanterburyTalesbyChaucerwerewritten.Religionandromancebecamethe48ofchoiceformanypoetsatthattime.Poetry49evenmoreduringtheRenaissanceperiodofhistory,aneraofmanygreatculturalachievements.ThiswastheperiodduringwhichShakespeare,themostwell-knownpoet,wasmakinghismark!Needlesstosay,atrendhadstarted.Poetryhascontinuedtogrowandchangeasaformof50expressioninmoderntimes.Ⅲ.ReadingComprehension(45%)SectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Whenyoueatsomethingreallysour,thereissomethingthatcan’tbeignored.Itisthe51thatisn’tlimitedtoyourtongue.Anespeciallysourbitehasawayofmakingyourentireface52intoalookofdiscomfort.Ifyoucan’t53puckering(撅起)yourmouthwhenyoulickalemonorsnackonSourPatchKids,youcanthankevolution.Thatunmistakablesourflavorthatstimulateyourtastebudsisaproductthatacidsreleasewhentheycombinewithsaliva(唾液).Whenyourmouth54thissignofacid,itletsyouknowinadramaticway.Yourtastereceptors55andyourfacetwistsinvoluntarilyinwhat’sknownasarejectionresponse,accordingtoLiveScience.Yourtongue’sreactionstobitterorspicyfoodsarerejection56aswell.Manyplantsfoundinnaturewiththese57arepoisonous,andyourbody’sstrongreactionisitswayofprotectingyoufromharm.Sourness58naturallyinfruitslikecitrus(柑橘),butitcanbeawarningoffood-borneillnessinmanycases.59fruitsanddairyproductscontainacid,whichgivesthemasourtastetoo.It’shardtoignorethesourflavorofwhatyou’reeatingwhenittwistsyourentirefacialexpression.Thisreactionisn’tnecessarilyenoughtohelpsomeonewhohasalreadytakenabiteofabadapple,butitmayprotectthepeoplethey’rewith,Whenourearlyhumanancestorshuntedforfood,asuddentwistedfacemayhave60thatwhateverthatpersonputintheirmouthwasn’tgoodtoeat.Thepuckerresponseto61flavorshelpedearlyhumansavoidgettingsick,butitdoesn’tstopusfromeatingthiskindoffoodtoday.Theflavorissosoughtafterthatthere’sanentirecandymarket62tomaximizingitinprocessedproducts.Sowhydowelovetoeattheverythingthatourfaceandtonguewarnsusmightkillus?Theansweris63taste.Humansdon’tnaturallydesirebitter,spicy,orsourfoods,butfoodswiththesecharacteristicsareimportantcomponentsofanutritiousdiet,64lovingtheseflavorsfrombirth,we’reconditionedtoenjoythemthroughrepeatedexposure.Bybecomingfamiliarwiththetasteviaourpeersandfamilymembers,humans65learnwhichsour(andbitterandspicy)foodsarehealthyandwhicharepotentiallyharmful.Thoughwerelyonthesenseeveryday,tastedoesn’tworkexactlyhowyoumayassume.51.A.challenge B.panic C.sensation D.impression52.A.adjust B.perceive C.react D.contract53.A.decline B.insist C.persist D.resist54.A.distinguishes B.detects C.identifies D.encounters55.A.takeup B.lightup C.getacross D.bringdown56.A.responses B.impairments C.preferences D.guarantees57.A.bitterness B.declines C.flavors D.textures58.A.putsup B.picksup C.staysup D.showsup59.A.Ripe B.Raw C.Spoiled D.Purchased60.A.proved B.confessed C.communicated D.displayed61.A.salty B.bitter C.spicy D.sour62.A.ceased B.deserved C.desired D.devoted63.A.acquired B.born C.gained D.undeveloped64.A.Apartfrom B.Thanksto C.Insteadof D.Regardlessof65.A.gradually B.faithfully C.barely D.respectivelySectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Aboutaquarteroftheworlddrivesontheleft,andthecountriesthatdoaremostlyoldBritishcolonieslikeAustralia,andIreland.ButThailand,IndonesiaandJapanalsodoso.Thisstrangequirk(奇事)puzzlestherestoftheworld;however,thereisaperfectlygoodreason.Uptothelate1700’s,everybodytravelledontheleftsideoftheroadbecauseit’sthesensibleoptionforfeudal(封建的),violentsocietiesofmostlyright-handedpeople.Soldierswiththeirswordsundertheirrightarmnaturallypassedoneachother’sright,andifyoupassedastrangerontheroadyouwalkedonthelefttoensurethatyourprotectiveswordarmwasbetweenyourselfandhim.RevolutionaryFrance,however,overturnedthispracticeaspartofitssweepingsocialrethink.AchangewascarriedoutallovercontinentalEuropebyNapoleon.ThereasonitchangedunderNapoleonwasbecausehewaslefthandedhisarmieshadtomarchontherightsohecouldkeephisswordarmbetweenhimandanyopponent.Fromthenon,anypartcolonisedbytheFrenchwasrighthand.AftertheAmericanRevolutionaryWar(1775-1783),theUSbecameindependentanddecidedtomaketrafficdriveontherightinordertocastoffallremaininglinkswithitsBritishcolonialpast.OnceAmericabecamethecenterofthecarindustry,ifyouwantedagoodreliablevehicle,youboughtAmericanright-hand-drivecars.Fromthenonmanycountrieschangedoutofnecessity.Today,theEUwouldlikeBritaintofallintolinewiththerestofEurope,butthisisnolongerpossible.Itwouldcostbillionsofpoundstochangeeverythinground.ThelastEuropeancountrytoconverttodrivingontherightwasSwedenin1967.Whileeveryonewasgettingusedtothenewsystem,theypaidmoreattentionandtookmorecare,resultinginareductionofthenumberofroadaccidents.66.Whydidpeopletravelontheleftbeforethelate18thcentury?A.Theywererequiredtodoso. B.Theyweremostlyleft-handed.C.Itwaseasiertocrossthestreet. D.Theycouldfeelsaferfromattacks.67.What’swasNapoleon’sattitudetowalkingontheleft?A.Support. B.Disapproval. C.Doubt. D.Sympathy.68.ForAmerican,drivingontherightwasawaytoshow________.A.theconnectionwithFrancewasbrokenB.theUSwasnolongerruledbytheUKC.theAmericanRevolutionWarhadendedD.Americawasthecenterofthecarindustry69.WhatisthemaincauseoftheUKfailingtoadoptthenewsystem?A.Itshighcoststochange. B.Itsincreasingtrafficaccidents.C.Itsinfluenceoncolonies. D.Itsfast-developingcarindustry.(B)UniversityRoomRegulationsApprovedandProhibitedItemsThefollowingitemsareapprovedforuseinresidentialrooms:electricblankets,hairdryers,personalcomputers,radios,televisionsandDVDplayers.Itemsthatarenotallowedinstudentroomsinclude:candles,ceilingfans,fireworks,waterbeds,sunlampsandwirelessrouters.PleasenotethatanyprohibiteditemswillbetakenawaybytheOfficeofResidenceLife.AccesstoResidentialRoomsStudentsareprovidedwithacombination(組合密碼)fortheirroomdoorlocksuponcheck-in.Donotshareyourroomdoorlockcombinationwithanyone.TheOfficeofResidenceLifemaychangethedoorlockcombinationatanytimeattheexpenseoftheresidentifitisfoundthatthestudenthassharedthecombinationwithothers.Thefeeis$25tochangearoomcombination.CookingPolicyStudentslivinginbuildingsthathavekitchensareonlypermittedtocookinthekitchen.Studentsmustcleanupaftercooking.Thisisnottheresponsibilityofhousekeepingstaff.Kitchensthatarenotkeptcleanmaybeclosedforuse.Withtheexceptionofusingasmallmicrowaveoventoheatfood,studentsarenotpermittedtocookintheirrooms.PetPolicyNopetsexceptfisharepermittedinstudentrooms.Studentswhoarefoundwithpets,whethervisitingorownedbythestudent,willpayaninitialfineof$100andacontinuingfineof$50adayperpet.Studentsreceivewrittennoticewhenthefinegoesintoeffect.If,oneweekfromthedateofwrittennotice,thepetisnotremoved,thestudentisreferredtotheStudentCourt.QuietHoursResidentialbuildingsmustmaintainanatmospherethatsupportstheacademicmissionoftheUniversity.Minimumquiethoursinallcampusresidencesare11:00pmto8:00amSundaythroughThursday,QuiethoursonFridayandSaturdaynightsare1:00amto8:00am.Studentswhoviolatequiethoursaresubjecttoafineof$25.70.Ifavisitingfriendleavesacatintheresidenceofastudentforthreedays,whatwillhappen?A.Thestudentwillreceiveafineof$150.B.Thestudentwillbepunishedfinancially.C.Thestudentwillreceiveawrittennoticeimmediatelyoncethecatisfoundbytheoffice.D.ThestudentwillbesenttotheStudentCourttodefendhisorhercase.71.Whencanstudentsenjoyapartyinresidences?A.7:00am,Sunday. B.7:30am,Thursday.C.11:30pm,Monday. D.00:30am,Saturday.72.Accordingtotheregulations,howmanystatementslistedherearetrue?a.Wirelessroutersareallowediftheyareregisteredintheofficeinadvance.b.Nopetsareallowedtobekeptintheresidence.C.Studentsarerequiredtoclosekitchendoorsaftercooking.d.Undernocircumstancesisastudentallowedtocookinhisroom.A.0 B.1 C.2 D.3(C)Afewyearsago,theCityCouncilofMonza,Italy,barredpetownersfromkeepinggoldfishincurvedfishbowls.Thesponsorsofthemeasureexplainedthatitiscrueltokeepafishinsuchabowlbecausethecurvedsidesgivethefishadistortedviewofreality.Asidefromthemeasure’ssignificancetothepoorgoldfish,thestoryraisesaninterestingphilosophicalquestion:Howdoweknowthattherealityweperceiveistrue?Physicistsarefindingthemselvesinasimilartroubletothegoldfish’s.Fordecadestheyhavebeenpursuinganultimatetheoryofeverything—onecompleteandconsistentsetoffundamentallawsofnaturethatexplaineveryaspectofreality.Itnowappearsthatthispursuitmaygeneratenotasingletheorybutafamilyofinterconnectedtheories,eachdescribingitsownversionofreality,asifitviewedtheuniversethroughitsownfishbowl.Thisconceptmaybedifficultformanypeopletoaccept.Mostpeoplebelievethatthereisanobjectiverealityoutthereandthatoursensesandoursciencedirectlyconvey(傳達(dá))informationaboutthematerialworld.Inphilosophy,thatbeliefiscalledrealism.Inphysics,realismisbecomingdifficulttodefend.Instead,theideaofalternativerealitiesisamainstayoftoday’spopularculture.Forexample,inthescience-fictionfilmTheMatrixthehumanraceisunknowinglylivinginasimulated(模擬的)virtualrealitycreatedbyintelligentcomputers.Howdoweknowwearenotjustcomputer-generatedcharacterslivinginaMatrix-likeworld?If—likeus—thebeingsinthesimulatedworldcouldnotobservetheiruniversefromtheoutside,theywouldhavenoreasontodoubttheirownpicturesofreality.Similarly,thegoldfish’sviewisnotthesameasoursfromoutsidetheircurvedbowl.Forinstance,becauselightbendsasittravelsfromairtowater,afreelymovingobjectthatwewouldobservetomoveinastraightlinewouldbeobservedbythegoldfishtomovealongacurvedpath.Thegoldfishcouldformscientificlawsfromtheirfame(框架)ofreferencethatwouldalwaysholdtrueandthatwouldenablethemtomakepredictionsaboutthefuturemotionofobjectsoutsidethebowl.Ifthegoldfishformedsuchatheory,wewouldhavetoadmitthegoldfish’sviewasareasonablepictureofreality.Thegoldfishexampleshowsthatthesamephysicalsituationcanbemodeledindifferentways,eachemployingdifferentfundamentalelementsandconcepts.Itmightbethattodescribetheuniversewehavetoemploydifferenttheoriesindifferentsituations.Itisnotthephysicist’straditionalexpectationforatheoryofnature,nordoesitcorrespondtooureverydayideaofreality.Butitmightbethewayoftheuniverse.73.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“distorted”inParagraph1mostprobablymean?A.Original. B.Accurate. C.Distant. D.False.74.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytellus?A.Theneedforacompletetheory. B.Thelastingconflictinphysics.C.Theexistenceofthematerialworld. D.Theconventionalinsightofreality.75.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Nature’smysteriesarebestleftundiscovered.B.Anexternalworldisindependentoftheobservers.C.People’stheoriesareinfluencedbytheirviewpoints.D.Itisessentialtofigureoutwhichpictureofrealityisbetter.76.Accordingtothepassage,theauthormayagreethat________.A.variousinterpretationsoftheuniversearewelcomedB.physicistshaveafavouritecandidateforthefinaltheoryC.multiplerealitiescanbepiecedtogethertoshowtherealworldD.thereisstillpossibilitytounifydifferenttheoriesintoasingleoneSectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A.Mostcustomerswon’tbothertocomplaineveniftheyhavehadunhappyexperiences.B.Mostimportantly,salespeopleshouldbediplomaticandpolitewithangrycustomers.C.However,fewcustomersbelievetheparkingservicewillbeimproved.D.Thisguidanceeliminatedtheneedforcustomerstocircletheparkinglotendlessly.E.Instead,theywillalerttheirfriends,relatives,co-workers,strangers-andanyonewhowilllisten.F.Theresulting“snowballeffect”canbedisastroustoretailers.High-qualitycustomerserviceispreached(宣揚(yáng))bymany,butactuallykeepingcustomershappyiseasiersaidthandone.Shoppersseldomcomplaintothemanagerorownerofaretailstore77.Storemanagersareoftenthelasttohearcomplaints,andoftenfindoutonlywhentheirregularcustomersdecidetofrequenttheircompetitors,accordingtoastudyjointlyconductedbyVerdegroupandWhartonschool.“Storytellinghurtsretailersandentertainsconsumers,”saidPaulaCourtney,PresidentoftheVerdegroup,“thestorelosesthecustomer,buttheshoppermustalsofindareplacement.”O(jiān)naverage,everyunhappycustomerwillcomplaintoatleastfourother,andwillnolongervisitthespecificstore.Foreverydissatisfiedcustomer,astorewillloseuptothreemoreduetonegativereviews.78.Accordingtotheresearch,shopperswhopurchasedclothingencounteredthemostproblems,rankedsecondandthirdweregroceryandelectronicscustomers.Themostcommoncomplaintsincludefilledparkinglots,cluttered(塞滿了的)shelves,overloadedracks,out-of-stock