IHaveADream

--MartinLutherKing,Jr.小組成員：李澗元2021/5/91IntroductionoffiguresAnalysisofspeechSummary1).Choiceofwords2).Sentencestructure3).Figuresofspeech

2021/5/92Introductionoffiguressimile明喻metaphor暗喻pun雙關(guān)personification擬人hyperbole夸張metonymy借代、轉(zhuǎn)喻onomatcpocia擬聲irony諷刺climax層遞parallelism排比allusion典故periodicsentence圓周句antonomasia換稱synesthesia通感alliteration頭韻repetition重復(fù)antithesis對照synecdoche提喻anaphora首語反復(fù)2021/5/93rhetoricalquestion修辭性問句：Thequestioneralreadyhaveananswerintheheart.oxymoron矛盾修飾法：Itisacompressedparadox,formedbytheconjoining(結(jié)合)oftwocontrasting,contradictoryorincongruous(不協(xié)調(diào))termsasinbitter-sweetmemories,orderlychaos(混亂)andproudhumility(侮辱).transferredEpithets移就：Itisafigureofspeechwhereanepithet(anadjectiveordescriptivephrase)istransferredfromthenounitshouldrightlymodify(修飾)toanothertowhichitdoesnotreallyapplyorbelong.2021/5/94AnalysisofspeechFivescoreyearsago,agreatAmerican,inwhosesymbolicshadowwestandtoday,signedtheEmancipationProclamation.（Allusion典故、PeriodicSentence圓周句）Thismomentous

decree(Antonomasia換稱)cameasagreatbeaconlightofhope（Simile明喻）tomillionsofNegroslaveswhohadbeensearedintheflamesofwitheringinjustice（Metaphor暗喻）.Itcameasajoyousdaybreak（TransferredEpithets移就）toendthelongnightofbad

captivity（Simile明喻）.

2021/5/95Butonehundredyearslater（Repetition重復(fù)、parallelism排比）,theNegrostillisnotfree.Onehundredyearslater,thelifeoftheNegroisstillsadlycrippledbythemanaclesofsegregationandthechainsof

discrimination.Onehundredyearslater,theNegrolivesonalonelyislandofpovertyinthemidstofavastoceanofmaterialprosperity（Oxymoron矛盾修飾法、Metonymy轉(zhuǎn)喻、TransferredEpithets移就）.Onehundredyearslater,theNegroisstilllanguishedinthecornersofAmericansocietyandfindshimselfanexileinhisownland.Sowe’vecomeheretodaytodramatizeashamefulcondition.2021/5/96Inasensewe'vecometoournation'scapitaltocashacheck（Metaphor暗喻）.WhenthearchitectsofourrepublicwrotethemagnificentwordsoftheConstitutionandtheDeclarationofIndependence,theyweresigningapromissorynotetowhicheveryAmericanwastofallheir.Thisnotewasapromisethatallmen,yes,blackmenaswellaswhitemen,wouldbeguaranteedthe"unalienableRights"of"Life,LibertyandthepursuitofHappiness."2021/5/97ItisobvioustodaythatAmericahasdefaultedonthispromissorynote,insofarashercitizensofcolorareconcerned.Insteadofhonoringthissacredobligation,AmericahasgiventheNegropeopleabadcheck,acheckwhichhascomebackmarked"insufficientfunds."（Metaphor暗喻）

Butwerefusetobelievethat（Repetition重復(fù)、parallelism排比）thebankofjusticeisbankrupt.Werefusetobelievethatthereareinsufficientfundsinthegreatvaultsofopportunityofthisnation.Andso,we'vecometocashthischeck（Metaphor暗喻）,acheckthatwillgiveusupondemandtherichesoffreedomandthesecurityofjustice.2021/5/98WehavealsocometothishallowedspottoremindAmericaofthefierceurgencyofNow.Thisisnotimetoengageintheluxuryofcoolingoffortotakethetranquilizingdrugofgradualism.Nowisthetimeto（Repetition重復(fù)、parallelism排比）makerealthepromisesofdemocracy.Nowisthetimetorisefromthedarkanddesolatevalleyofsegregationtothesunlitpathofracialjustice（Antithesis對照）.Nowisthetimeto

liftournationfromthequicksandsofracialinjustice（Antithesis對照）tothesolidrockofbrotherhood.NowisthetimetomakejusticearealityforallofGod'schildren.2021/5/99Itwouldbefatalforthenationtooverlooktheurgencyofthemoment.ThisswelteringsummeroftheNegro'slegitimatediscontent（Antithesis對照）willnotpassuntilthereisaninvigoratingautumnoffreedomandequality.Nineteensixty-threeisnotanend,butabeginning.AndthosewhohopethattheNegroneededtoblowoffsteamandwillnowbecontentwillhavearudeawakeningifthenationreturnstobusinessasusual.AndtherewillbeneitherrestnortranquilityinAmericauntiltheNegroisgrantedhiscitizenshiprights.Thewhirlwindsofrevoltwillcontinuetoshakethefoundationsofournationuntilthebrightdayofjusticeemerges.2021/5/910ButthereissomethingthatImustsaytomypeople,whostandonthewarmthreshold（synecdoche通感）

whichleadsintothepalaceofjustice:Intheprocessofgainingourrightfulplace,wemustnotbeguiltyofwrongfuldeeds.Letusnotseektosatisfyourthirstforfreedombydrinkingfromthecupofbitternessandhatred（hyperbole夸張）.Wemustforeverconductourstruggleonthehighplaneofdignityanddiscipline.Wemustnotallowourcreativeprotesttodegenerateintophysicalviolence.Againandagain,wemustrisetothemajesticheightsofmeetingphysicalforcewithsoulforce.2021/5/911ThemarvelousnewmilitancywhichhasengulfedtheNegrocommunitymustnotleadustoadistrustofallwhitepeople,formanyofourwhitebrothers,asevidencedbytheirpresenceheretoday,havecometorealizethattheirdestinyistiedupwithourdestiny.Andtheyhavecometorealizethattheirfreedomisinextricablyboundtoourfreedom.2021/5/912Wecannotwalkalone（shortsentence）.Andaswewalk,wemustmakethepledgethatweshallalwaysmarchahead.Wecannotturnback（shortsentence）.Therearethosewhoareaskingthedevoteesofcivilrights,"Whenwillyoubesatisfied?"WecanneverbesatisfiedaslongastheNegroisthevictimoftheunspeakablehorrorsofpolicebrutality（rhetoricalquestion修辭性問句）.Wecanneverbesatisfied（anaphora首語反復(fù)）

aslongasourbodies,heavywiththefatigueoftravel,cannotgainlodginginthemotelsofthehighwaysandthehotelsofthecities.Wecannotbesatisfied

aslongasaNegroinMississippicannotvoteandaNegroinNewYorkbelieveshehasnothingforwhichtovote.No,no,wearenotsatisfied,andwewillnotbesatisfieduntil"justicerollsdownlikewaters,andrighteousnesslikeamightystream（simile）."2021/5/913I

amnotunmindfulthatsomeofyouhavecomehereoutofgreattrialsandtribulations

(alliteration頭韻).Someofyouhavecomefreshfromnarrowjailcells.Someofyouhavecomefromareaswhereyourquestforfreedomleftyoubatteredbythestormsofpersecutionandstaggeredbythewindsofpolicebrutality.Youhavebeentheveteransofcreativesuffering.（irony反語）Continuetoworkwiththefaiththatunearnedsufferingisredemptive.2021/5/914GobacktoMississippi,gobacktoAlabama,gobacktoSouthCarolina,gobacktoGeorgia,gobacktoLouisiana,gobacktotheslumsandghettosofournortherncities,（Repetition重復(fù)、parallelism排比）knowingthatsomehowthissituationcanandwillbechanged.Letusnotwallowinthevalleyofdespair.Isaytoyoutoday,myfriends,soeventhoughwefacethedifficultiesoftodayandtomorrow,Istillhaveadream.ItisadreamdeeplyrootedintheAmericandream.2021/5/915Ihaveadreamthatoneday

（Repetition重復(fù)、parallelism排比）thisnationwillriseup,liveuptothetruemeaningofitscreed:“Weholdthesetruthstobeself-evident;thatallmenarecreatedequal.”IhaveadreamthatonedayontheredhillsofGeorgiathesonsofformerslavesandthesonsofformerslave-ownerswillbeabletositdowntogetheratthetableofbrotherhood.IhaveadreamthatonedayeventhestateofMississippi,astateswelteringwiththeheatofinjustice,swelteringwiththeheatofoppression,willbetransformedintoanoasisoffreedomandjustice.Ihaveadreamthatmyfourchildrenwillonedayliveinanationwheretheywillnotbejudgedbythecoloriftheirskinbutbythecontentoftheircharacter.2021/5/916Ihaveadreamtoday.（Repetition重復(fù)、parallelism排比）

Ihaveadreamthatoneday（Repetition重復(fù)、parallelism排比）

downinAlabamawithitsgovernorhavinghislipsdrippingwiththewords(synecdoche提喻）ofinterpositionandnullification,onedayrightdowninAlabamalittleblackboysandblackgirlswillbeabletojoinhandswithlittlewhiteboysandwhitegirlsassistersandbrothers.Ihaveadreamtoday.Ihaveadreamthatonedayeveryvalleyshallbeexalted,everyhillandmountainshallbemadelow,theroughplaceswillbemadeplain,andthecrookedplaceswillbemadestraight,andthegloryoftheLordshallberevealed,andallfleshshallseeittogether(synecdoche提喻).2021/5/917Thisisourhope.ThisisthefaiththatIgobacktotheSouthwith.Withthisfaithwewillbeableto(climax層遞)hewoutofthemountainofdespairastoneofhope.Withthisfaithwewillbeabletotransformthejanglingdiscordsofournationintoabeautifulsymphonyofbrotherhood.Withthisfaithwewillbeabletoworktogether,topraytogether,tostruggletogether,togotojailtogether,tostandupforfreedomtogether,knowingthatwewillbefreeoneday（Epiphora尾語反復(fù)）.ThiswillbethedaywhenallofGod’schildrenwillbeabletosingwithnewmeaning.Mycountry,’tisofthee,Sweetlandofliberty,OftheeIsing:Landwheremyfathersdied,Landofthepilgrims’pride,FromeverymountainsideLetfreedomring.2021/5/918AndifAmericaistobeagreatnationthismustbecometrue.Soletfreedomring(personification擬人、Repetition重復(fù)、parallelism排比

)fromtheprodigioushilltopsofNewHampshire.LetfreedomringfromthemightymountainsofNewYork!LetfreedomringfromtheheighteningAllegheniesofPennsylvania!LetfreedomringfromthesnowcappedRockiesofColorado!LetfreedomringfromthecurvaceousslopsofCalifornia!Butnotonlythat;

letfreedomringfromStoneMountainofGeorgia!

LetfreedomringfromLookoutMountainofTennessee!

Letfreedomringfromeveryhillandmolehi