考博英語閱讀資料UnitOnePassage1Thephysicaldistributionofproductshastwoprimaryaspects:transportationandstorage.Bothaspectsarehighlydevelopedandspecializedphasesofmarketing.Thecostsofbothtrans-portingandstoringarebuiltintothepricesofproducts.Transportationcanbebytruck,rail-way,ship,orbarge.Forsomeitems,suchasexoticplantsandflowers,orwhenrapiddeliveryisessential,airfreightmaybeused.Storage,orwarehousing,isanecessaryfunctionbecauseproductionandconsumptionofgoodsrarelymatch:itemsgenerallyarenotsoldasquicklyastheyaremade.Inventoriesbuildup,bothinwarehousesandatretailestablishments,beforethefoodsaresold.Thetransporta-tionfunctionisinvolvedinbringinggoodstoawarehouseandtakingthemfromittoretailstores.Storageperformstheserviceofstabilizingmarketprice.If,forexample,noagriculturalproductcouldbestored,allfoodwouldhavetobeputonthemarketimmediately.Thiswould,ofcourse,createaglutandlowerpricesdrastically.Therewouldbeanimmediatebenefittoconsumers,butinthelongruntheywouldsuffer.Farmers,becauseoflowprices,wouldbeforcedofftheland,andtheamountoffoodproducedwoulddecrease.This,inturn,wouldraiseconsumerprices.Warehousesforstorageareofseveraltypes.Privatewarehousesareownedbymanufactur-ers.Publicwarehouses,inspiteoftheirname,areprivatelyownedfacilities,buttheyarein-dependentofmanufacturerownership.General-merchandisewarehousesstoreagreatvarietyofproducts.Cold-storagewarehousesstoreperishablegoods,especiallyfoodproducts.Grainele-vatorsareakindofwarehouseusedtokeepwheatandothergrainsfromspoiling.Abondedwarehouseisonethatstoresfoods,frequentlyimported,onwhichtaxesmustbepaidbeforetheyaresold.Cigarettesandalcoholicbeveragesarecommonexamples.Thedistributioncenterisamorerecentlydevelopedkindofwarehouse.Manylargecom-panicshaveseveralmanufacturingplants,sometimeslocatedoutsidethecountry.Eachplantdoesnotmakeeverycompanyproductbutspecializesinoneormoreofthem.Thedistributioncenterallowsamanufacturertobringtogetherallproductlinesinoneplace.Itspurposeistominimizestorageandtoeasetheflowofgoodsfrommanufacturerstoretailersratherthanbuildupextensiveinventories.Itreducescostsbyspeedingupproductturnover.Verylargecorporationswillhaveseveraldistributioncentersregionallyorinternationallybased1.Themainsubjectofthispassageis______.A)transportationandstorageB)storageofproductsC)distributioncenterD)twomainaspectsofproductdistribution2.Warehousingisimportantinthat_A)inventoriesbuildupbeforethegoodsaresoldB)thepriceswillgodownC)moregoodsareproducedthancanbeconsumedD)thefoodhastobeputonthemarketimmediately3.Howmanytypesofwarehousesforstoragearediscussedinthepassage?A)3.B)4.C)6.D)7.4.Wheremightonefindmeatandmilk?A)Grainelevator.B)Cold-storagewarehouse.C)Privatewarehouse.D)Bondedwarehouse.5.WhatisNOTtrueofadistributioncenter?A)Itisarelativelynewtypeofwarehouse.B)Productisreplacedmorequicklyandcostsaredown.C)SomedistributioncentersarenotbuiltinthesanecountryasthefactoryD)Itbuildsupextensiveinventoriestominimizestorage.Passage2Howmuchpaindoanimalsfeel?Thisisaquestionwhichhascausedendlesscontroversy.Opponentsofbiggameshooting,forexample,arouseourpitybydescribingtileagoniesofabadly-woundedbeastthathascrawledintoacomertodie.Incountrieswherethefox,thehareandthedeerarehunted,animal-loverspaintharrowingpicturesofthepursuedanimalsufferingnotonlythephysicaldistressofthechasebutthementalanguishofanticipateddeath.Theusualanswertothesecriticismsisthatanimalsdonotsufferinthesameway,ortothesameextent,aswede.Manwascreatedwithadelicatenervoussystemandhasneverlosthisacutesensitivenesstopain;animals,ontheotherhand,hadlesssensitivesystemstobeginwithandinthecourseofmillionsofyears,havedevelopedacapacityofignoringinjuriesanddisorderswhichhumanbeingswouldfindintolerable.Forexample,adogwillcontinuetoplaywithaballevenafteraseriousinjurytohisfoot;hemaybeunabletorunwithoutlimping,buthewillgoontryinglongafterahumanchildwouldhavehadtostopbecauseofthepain.Wearetold,moreover,thatevenwhenanimalsappeartoustobesufferingacutely,thisisnotso;whatseemstoustobeagonizedcontortionscausedbypainareinfactnomorethanmuscularcontractionsoverwhichtheyhavenocontrol.Theseargumentsareunsatisfactorybecausesomethingaboutwhichweknowagreatdealisbeingcomparedwithsomethingwecanonlyconjecture.Weknowwhatwefeel;wehavenomeansofknowingwhatanimalsfeet.Somecreatureswithalessdelicatenervoussystemthanoursmaybeincapableoffeelingpaintothesameextentaswedo:thatasfarasweareentitledtodo,themosthumaneattitude,surely,istoassumethatnoanimalsareentirelyexemptfromphysicalpainandthatweought,therefore,whereverpossible,toavoidcausingsufferingeventotheleastofthem.6.Animal-loversassumethatanimals,beinghunted,wouldsufferfrom____.A)agreatdealofagonybothinbodyandinspiritB)mentaldistressoncetheyarewoundedC)onlybodypainswithoutfeelingsadD)crawlingintothecomertodie7.Supportersofgameshootingmayarguethatanimals______.A)cannotcontroltheirmuscularcontractionsB)havedevelopedacapacityoffeelingnopainC)arenotasacutelysensitiveashumanbeingstoinjuriesD)canendureallkindsofdisorders8.Theauthorfeelssurethat_____.A)animalsdon'tshowsufferingtousB)dogsaremoreendurablethanhumanchildrenC)wecannotknowwhatanimalsfeelD)comparinganimalswithhumanbeingsisnotappropriate9.Whatistheauthor'sopinionaboutanimalhunting?A)Weshouldfeelthesameasthehuntedanimalsdo.B)Weshouldprotectandsavealltheanimals.C)Weshouldn'tcausesufferingtothem.D)Weshouldtakecareofthemifwecan.10.Thispassageseemsto____.A)argueforsomethingB)explainsomethingC)tellastoryD)describeanobjectPassage3Inscience,atheoryisareasonableexplanationofobservedeventsthatarerelated.Athe-oryofteninvolvesanimaginarymodelthathelpsscientistspicturethewayanobservedeventcouldbeproduced.Agoodexampleofthisisfoundinthekineticmoleculartheory,inwhichgasesarepicturedasbeingmadeupofmanysmallparticlesthatareinconstantmotion.Ausefultheory,inadditiontoexplainingpastobservations,helpstopredicteventsthathavenotasyetbeenobserved.Afteratheoryhasbeenpublicized,scientistsdesignexperi-meritstotestthetheory.Ifobservationsconfirmthescientists'predictions,thetheoryissup-ported.Ifobservationsdonotconfirmthepredictions,thescientistsmustsearchfurther.Theremaybeafaultintheexperiment,orthetheorymayhavetoberevisedorrejected.Scienceinvolvesimaginationandcreativethinkingaswellascollectinginformationandperformingexperiments.Factsbythemselvesarenotscience.AsthemathematicianJulesHenriPoincaresaid:"Scienceisbuiltwithfactsjustasahouseisbuiltwithbricks,butacollectionoffactscannotbecalledscienceanymorethanapileofbrickscanbecalledahouse."Mostscientistsstartaninvestigationbyfindingoutwhatotherscientistshavelearnedaboutaparticularproblem.Afterknownfactshavebeengathered,thescientistcomestothepartoftheinvestigationthatrequiresconsiderableimagination.Possiblesolutionstotheproblemareformulated.Thesepossiblesolutionsarecalledhypotheses.Inaway,anyhypothesisisaleapintotheunknown.Itextendsthescientist'sthinkingbeyondtheknownfacts.Thescientistplansexperiments,performscalculations,andmakesob-servationstotesthypotheses.Forwithouthypotheses,furtherinvestigationlackspurposeanddirection.Whenhypothesesareconfirmed,theyareincorporatedintotheories.11.Theword"this"inthe3rdsentenceinparagraph1refersto______.A)agoodexampleB)animaginarymodelC)thekineticmoleculartheoryD)anobservedevent12.Bricksarementionedinthe3rdparagraphtoindicatehow____.A)mathematiciansapproachscienceB)buildingahouseislikeperformingexperimentsC)scienceismorethanacollectionoffactsD)scientificexperimentshaveledtoimprovedtechnology13.Inthelastparagraph,theauthorreferstoahypothesisas"aleapintotheunknown"inor-dertoshowthathypotheses______.A)aresometimesill-conceivedB)canleadtodangerousresultsC)gobeyondavailablefactsD)requireefforttoformulate14.Whatisamajorfunctionofhypothesesasimpliedinthelastparagraph7A)Siftingthroughknownfacts.B)Communicatingascientist'sthoughtstoothers.C)Providingdirectionforscientificresearch.D)Linkingtogetherdifferenttheories.15.Whichofthefollowingstatementsissupportedbythepassage?A)Theoriesaresimplyimaginarymodelsofpastevents.B)Itisbettertoreviseahypothesisthantorejectit.C)Ascientist'smostdifficulttaskistestinghypotheses.D)Agoodscientistneedstobecreative.B)Educationsystemsneedtoberadicallyreformed.C)Goingtoschoolisonlypartofhowpeoplebecomeeducated.D)Educationinvolvesmanyyearsofprofessionaltraining.20.Thepassageisorganizedby___A)listinganddiscussingseveraleducationalproblemsB)contrastingthemeaningsoftworelatedconceptsC)narratingastoryaboutexcellentteachersD)givingexamplesofdifferentkindsofschoolsPassage5Thephrase"civildisobedience"isusuallyattributedtothenineteenth-centuryAmericanphilosopherHenryDavidThoreau.Althoughtheconceptisunquestionablymucholder(itsrootslieinancientGreekphilosophy),thedesignationisnonethelesstelling:peopletendtocreditThoreau,anAmerican,withtheideabecausecivildisobedience,isahallmarkofAmericaneth-icsandpolitics.Theclashbetweenthedictatesofindividualconscienceononehand,andtheimperativesofcivillawontheother,formsmuchofthiscountry'shistory.ExamplesrangefromtheincidentsleadinguptotheRevolutionthroughthemanysocialprotestsofthe1960'S.Whatconstitutesanactofcivildisobedience?First,anactofcivildisobediencerequiresaformallegalstructurethatisenforcedbythegovernment.Second,itrequiresasitstargetaspecificlaworpolicy,ratherthantheentirelegalsystem.Thisistrueeveniftheprotester'sul-timategoalistoalterradicallythelegalsystem;anactofcivildisobediencemustbedirectedagainstoneconcreteexampleofthatsystem'sinequities.TheAmericancivilrightsmovement,forexample,firsttargeteddiscriminationonpublictransportation,thenuseditsvictoriesasaspringboardtoaddressotherinjustices.Third,theactmustbedonepublicly,becausetheef-fectivenessofsuchaprotestdependsonitsabilitytomobilizepublicsentimentagainsttheprotest'starget.Finally,thoseprotestingmustunderstandthepenaltiestheiractsentail--us-uallyjailing--andbewillingtoacceptthosepenalties.Thislastrequirementstrengthenstheact'seffectonpublicopinion,sinceitservestounderscoretheinjusticeoftheprotest'starget.21.Theword"telling"inthe2ndsentenceinparagraph1isclosestinmeaningto_____.A)inappropriateB)revealingC)insignificantD)challenging22.Inthepassage,theauthormentionsthatthecivilrightsmovement_______.A)focuseditsearlyeffortsonpublictransportationB)didnotalwayspracticecivildisobedienceC)startedinnineteenthcenturyD)usedtheRevolutionof1776asitsmodel23.Accordingtothepassage,forwhichofthefollowingreasonsshouldcivilprotestsbedonepublicly?A)Toalterthelegalsysteminradicalway.B)Toupholdtheimperativesofcivillaw.C)Tostimulatepublicsupportforacause.D)Toannouncethesuccessofapreviousactofcivildisobedience.24.Theauthorsuggeststhatwhenprotestersgotojail_______.A)ithelpsconvincethepublictosupporttheircauseB)theyusuallydosounwillinglyC)itisbecausetheirprotesthasnotgoneaccordingtoplanD)theyarealwaysreleasedalmostimmediately25.Inthe2ndparagraph,theauthor________.A)arguesthatcivildisobedienceisunnecessaryB)providesanextensivehistoryofcivildisobedienceC)presentsseveraldifferingviewpointsoncivildisobedienceD)definestheconceptofcivildisobediencePassage6IntakingupanewlifeacrosstheAtlantic,theearlyEuropeansettlersoftheUnitedStatesdidnotabandonthediversionswithwhichtheirancestorshadtraditionallyrelievedthetediumoflife.Neithertheharshnessofexistenceonthenewcontinentnorthescatteredpopulationnorthedisapprovaloftheclergydiscouragedthemajorityfromthepursuitofpleasure.Cityandcountrydwellers,ofcourse,conductedthispursuitindifferentways.Farmdwellersintheirisolationnotonlyfoundithardertolocatecompanionsinplaybutalso,thankstotheunendingdemandsandpressuresoftheirwork,feltitnecessarytocombinefunwithpurpose.Noothersetofcoloniststooksoseriouslyanexpressionoftheperiod,"Leisureistimefordoingsomethinguseful."Inthecountrysidefarmersthereforerelievedtheburdenofthedailyroutinewithsuchdouble-purposerelaxationsashunting,fishing,andtrapping.Whenaneighborneededhelp,familiesralliedfrommilesaroundtoassistinbuildingahouseorbarn,huskingcorn,shearingsheep,orchoppingwood.Food,drink,andcelebrationafterthegroupworkprovidedrelaxationandsoothedwearymuscles.Themosteagerlyanticipatedsocialeventsweretheruralparties.Hundredsofmen,women,andchildrenattendedfromfarandnear.Themenboughtortradedfarmanimalsandacquiredneededmerchandisewhilethewomendisplayedfoodpreparedintheirkitchens,andeveryone,includingtheyoungsters,watchedorparticipatedinavarietyofcompetitivesports,withprizesawardedtothewinners.Theseeventstypicallyincludedhorseraces,wrestlingmatches,andfootraces,aswellassomenonathleticeventssuchaswhistlingcompetitions.Nootheroccasionsdidsomuchtorelievetheisolationoffarmexistence.Withtheopencountrysideeverywhereathand,citydwellersnaturallysharedinsomeoftheruraldiversions.Favoredrecreationsincludedfishing,hunting,skating,andswimming.Butcitydwellersalsodevelopedotherpleasures,whichonlycompactcommunitiesmadepossible.26.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A)MethodsoffanningusedbyearlysettlersoftheUnitedStates.B)HardshipsfacedbytheearlysettlersoftheUnitedStates.C)Methodsofbuying,selling,andtradingusedbyearlysettlersoftheUnitedStates.D)WaysinwhichearlysettlersoftheUnitedStatesrelaxed.27.WhatcanbeinferredaboutthediversionsoftheearlysettlersoftheUnitedStates?A)TheyfollowedapatternBeguninEurope.B)TheywereenjoyedmorefrequentlythaninEurope.C)Theclergyorganizedthem.D)Onlythewealthyparticipatedinthem.28.Whichofthefollowingcanbesaidaboutthecountrydwellers'altitudetoward"thepursuitofpleasure"?A)Theyfeltthatitshouldhelpkeeptheirmindsontheirwork.B)Theyfeltthatitwasnotnecessary.C)Theyfeltthatitshouldbeproductive.D)Theyfeltthatitshouldnotinvolveeatinganddrinking.29.Whatismeantbythephrase"double-purpose"inthe4thsentenceinparagraph2?A)Veryfrequent.B)Usefulandenjoyable.C)Extremelynecessary.D)Positiveandnegative.30.Whatwilltheauthorprobablydiscussintheparagraphfollowingthispassage?A)Theruraldiversionsenjoyedbybothurbanandruralpeople.B)Leisureactivitiesofcitydwellers.C)Buildingmethodsoftheearlysettlersinruralareas.D)Changesinlifestylesofsettlersastheymovedtothecities.Passage7Forme,scientificknowledgeisdividedintomathematicalsciences,naturalsciencesorsciencesdealingwiththenaturalworld(physicalandbiologicalsciences),andsciencesdealingwithmankind(psychology,sociology,allthesciencesofculturalachievements,everykindofhistoricalknowledge).Apartfromthesesciencesisphilosophy,aboutwhichwewilltalklater.Inthefirstplace,allthisispureortheoreticalknowledgethatisintrinsicandconsubstautialtoman.Whatdistinguishesmanfromanimalisthatheknowsandneedstoknow.Ifmandidnotknowthattheworldexisted,andthattheworldwasofacertainkind,thathewasintheworldandthathehimselfwasofacertainkind,hewouldn'tbeaman.Thetechnicalaspectsorapplicationsofknowledgeareequallynecessaryformanandareofthegreatestimportance,becausetheyalsocontributetodefininghimasmanandpermithimtopursuealifeincreasinglymoretrulyhuman.Butevenwhileenjoyingtheresultsoftechnicalprogress,hemustdefendtheprimacyandautonomyofpureknowledge.Knowledgesoughtdirectlyforitspracticalapplicationswillhaveimmediateandforeseeablesuccess,butnotthekindofimportantresultwhoserevolutionaryscopeisinlargepartunforeseen,exceptbytheimaginationoftheUtopians.LetmerecallaweN-knownexample.IftheGreekmathematicianshadnotappliedthemselvestotheinvestigationofconicsectionszealouslyandwithouttheleastsuspicionthatitmightsomedaybeuseful,itwouldnothavebeenpossiblecenturieslatertonavigatefarfromshore.Thefirstmentostudythenatureofelectricitycouldnotimaginethattheirexperiments,carriedonbecauseofmereintellectualcuriosity,wouldeventuallyleadtomodernelectricaltechnology,withoutwhichwecanscarcelyconceiveofcontemporarylife.Pureknowledgeisvaluableforitsownsake,be-causethehumanspiritcannotresignitselftoignorance.But,inaddition,thefoundationforpracticalresultswouldnothavebeenreachedifthisknowledgehadnotbeensoughtdisinterestedly.31.Themostimportantadvancesmadebymankindcomefrom__.A)technicalapplicationsB)apparentlyuselessinformationC)thenaturalsciencesD)philosophy32.Theword"Utopians"inthe2ndsentenceinparagraph2isclosestinmeaningto__.A)idealistsB)GreekmathematiciansC)scientistsD)truehuman33.Intheparagraphthefollowsthispassage,wemayexpecttheauthortodiscuss__.A)thevalueoftechnicalresearchB)thevalueofpureresearchC)philosophyD)unforeseendiscoveries34.Theword"resign"inthe6thsentenceinthe2ndparagraphisclosestinmeaningtoA)dismissB)quitC)remarkD)submit35.Thetitlethatbestexpressestheideasofthispassageis__.A)"TechnicalProgress"B)"ALittleLearningisaDangerousThing"C)"Man'sDistinguishingCharacteristics"D)"TheFunctionofTheoreticalKnowledgeasComparedtoItsPracticalApplications"Passage8Inmostofthehumancivilizationofwhichwehaveanyproperrecords,youthhasdrawnoneitherartorlifeformodels,planningtoemulatetheheroesdepictedinepicsontheshadowplayscreenorthestage,orthoseknownhumanbeings,fathersorgrandfathers,chiefsorcraftsmen,whoseeverycharacteristiccanbestudiedandimitated.Asrecentlyas1910,thiswastheprevailingconditionintheUnitedStates.Ifhecamefromanonliteratebackground,therecentimmigrantlearnedtospeak,move,andthinklikeanAmericanbyusinghiseyesandearsonthelaborlineandinthehomesofmoreacculturatedcousins,bywatchingschoolchildren,orbyabsorbingthestandardsoftheteacher,theforeman,theclerkwhoservedhiminthestore.Fortheliterateandtheliteratechildrenofthenouliterate,therewasart--thestoryofthefrustratedartistintheprairietown,ofthesecondgenerationbattlingwiththelimitationsofthefirst.Andatasimplerlevel,thereweretheWesternandHollywoodfairytaleswhichpointedamoralbutdidnot,asarule,teachtablemanners.WiththedevelopmentofthecountermovementagainstHollywood,withtheefflorescence(全盛)ofphotography,withTime-Life-Fortunetypesofreportingandthedead-panNewYorkermannerofdescribingthelifeofanold-clothesdealerinaforgottenstreetorofpresentingthe"accurate","checked"detailsofthelivesofpeoplewhoseeminencegaveatleastasortoflicensetoattackthem,withthepassionfor"humandocuments"inDepressiondays--anecessarysubstituteforproletarianartamongmiddleclasswriterswhoknewnothingaboutproletarians,andmiddleclassreaderswhoneededtheshockofverisimilitude(真實(shí))--anewerainAmericanlifewasusheredin,theerainwhichyoungpeopleimitatedneitherlifenorartnorfairytale,butinsteadwerepresentedwithmodelsdrawnfromlifewithminimalbutcrucialdistortions.Doctoredlifehistories,posedcarelessness,"candid"shotsofpeopleintheirownhomeswhichtookhourstoarrange,picturesshotfromreallifetoscriptswrittenmonthsbeforesupplementedbynationalpollsandsurveyswhichassuredthereaderthatthisbobbysoxer(少女)didindeedrepresentanationalnormoragrowingtrend--replacedtheoldermodels.36.Thisarticleisbasedontheideathat________.A)peopletodaynolongerfollowmodelsB)PeopleattachlittleimportancetowhoevertheyfollowC)peoplegenerallypatterntheirlivesaftermodelsD)Peoplenolongerrespectheroes37.Storiesofthesecondgenerationbattlingagainstthelimitationsofthefirstwereoftenre-sponsiblefor______.A)inspiringliterateimmigrantsB)frustratingeducatedimmigrantsC)preventingtheassimilationofimmigrantsD)instillingintoimmigrantsanantagonisticattitudetowardtheirforebears38.ThecountermovementagainstHollywoodwasamovement______A)towardrealismB)towardfantasyC)againsttheteachingofmoralsD)awayfromrealism39.Theauthorattributesthechangeinattitudessince1910to____A)alogicalevolutionofideasB)widespreadmoraldecayC)theinfluenceofthepressD)aphilosophyofplenty40.Theword"distortions"attheendofthe2ndsentenceinparagraph2isclosestinmeaningto______.A)presentationsB)misinterpretationsC)influencesD)limitationsPassage9Theconflictbetweengoodandevilisacommonthemerunningthroughthegreatliteratureanddramaoftheworld,fromthetimeoftheancientGreekstoallthepresent.Theprinciplethatconflictistheheartofdramaticactionwhenillustratedbyconcreteexamples,almostalwaysturnsupsomeaspectofthestrugglebetweengoodandevil.Theideathatthereisneithergoodnorevil--inanyabsolutemoralorreligioussense—iswidespreadinourtimes.Therearevariousrelativisticandbehavioristicstandardsofethics.Ifthesestandardsevenadmitthedistinctionbetweengoodandevil,itisasarelativematterandnotaswhirlwindofchoicesthatliesatthecenterofliving.Inanysuchstateofmind,conflictcanatbest,beonlyapettymatter,lackingtrueuniversality.Theactsoftheevildoerandofthevirtuousmanalikebecomedramaticallyneutralized.ImaginethereducedeffectofCrimeandPunishmentorTheBrothersKaramazoc,hadDostoevskythoughtthatgoodandevil,asportrayedinthosebooks,werewhollyrelative,andifhehadhadnoconvictionaboutthem.Youcan'thaveavitalliteratureifyouignoreorshunevil.WhatyougetthenistheworldofPollyanna,goody-goodyinplaceofthegood.Cry,TheBelovedCountryisagreatanddramaticnovelbecauseAlanPaton,inadditiontobeingaskilledworkman,seeswithcleareyesbothgoodandevil,differentiatesthem,pitchesthemintoconflictwitheachother,andtakessides.HeseesthatthenativeboyAbsalomKumalo,whohasmurdered,cannotbejudgedjustlywithouttakingintoaccounttheenvironmentthathashadpartinshapinghim.ButPatonsees,too,thatAbsalomtheindividual,notsocietytheabstraction,committedtheactandisresponsibleforit.Mr.Patonunderstandsmercy.Heknowsthatthispreciousthingisnotevokedbysentimentalimpulse,butbyasearchingexaminationoftherealitiesofhumanaction.Mercyfollowsajudgment;itdoesnotprecedeit.OneofthenovelsbythetalentedPaulBowles,LetItComeDown,isfullofmotion,fullofsensationaldepravities,andisacrashingbore.Thebookrecognizesnoevil,andiscoldlyindifferenttothemoralbehaviorofitscharacters.Itisalongshrug.Suchaviewoflifeisnon-dramaticandnegatesthevitalessenceofdrama.41.Inourage,accordingtotheauthor,astandpointoftentakenintheareaofethicsisthe_____.A)relativisticviewofmoralsB)greaterconcernwithreligionC)emphasisonevilD)greaterconcernwithuniversals42.Theauthorbelievesthatingreatliterature,asinlife,goodandevilare____A)relativeB)unimportantC)constantlyinconflictD)dramaticallyneutralized43.Whentheauthorusestheexpression"itisalongshrug"inreferringtoBowles'sbook,heiscommentingonthe___A)lengthofthenovelB)indifferencetothemoralbehaviorofthecharactersC)monotonyofthestoryD)sensationaldepravitiesofthebook44.Intheopinionoftheauthor,Cry,TheBelovedCountryisagreatanddramaticnovelbe-causeofPaton's____.A)insightintohumanbehaviorB)behavioristicbeliefsC)treatme