經典word整理文檔，僅參考，轉Word此處可刪除頁眉頁腳。本資料屬于網絡整理，如有侵權，請聯系刪除，謝謝！………線………訂…裝…………封……密理工學院期末考試試卷（08級環(huán)境科學專業(yè)20112012學年度第二學期）課程名稱環(huán)境科學專業(yè)英語A卷本試卷共六大題，卷面滿分100分，答題時間120分鐘。一二三四五六一、5小題，每小題2分，共10分）評卷人1.：BiologicalOxygenDemand2.：TotalOrganicCarbon3.VSS：SuspendedSolid4.：CostBenefitAnalysis5.NPS：NewProductionSkill二、5小題，每小題2分，共10分）評卷人.5.富營養(yǎng)化：Eutrophication活性淤泥：activatedsludge反向滲透：reverseosmosis新陳代謝：metabolization曝氣池：aerationtank別…系……三、請根據下列英文解釋寫出相應的英文詞評卷人42分，共10分）11.Processwherebywaterchangesfromliquidtogas.Evaporation2.Thephysicalandbiotichabitatwhichsurroundsus.Environment3.Onetreatmentprocessaimedtodisposethesuspendedsolidsandgritsinthewastewater.Primarytreatment4.Theprocessbywhichwastesareconvertedintoenvironmentfriendlyendproductswiththehelpofmicroorganism.Biodegradation5.Theprocessinwhichsuspendedsolidsjoinedtogethertosettledownwithflocculant.Flocculation20分，每小題2分）評卷人Passage1Ineverysocietyitisnecessarytohaveageneralsystemoflawstoensurejustice.Lawsaredesignedtomakecertainthatpeople'srightsareprotectedandthatpeoplerespecteachother'srights.Sometimes,however,lawsarepassedwhicharespecifictoatimeorsituation.Forexample,atowninIndianaoncepassedalawmakingitillegaltoshootopenacanoffood.Apparently,somegun-carryingcitizensforgottheircanopenersandnaturallyenough,usedtheirgunstodothejob.Thisdisturbedothercitizens,andendangeredtheirlives,soalawwaspassedtopreventit.Specificlawssometimesremaininexistencelongaftertheproblemhasdisappeared.Thelawsthenseemstrange.Forexample,theIndianalawwasnolongernecessarywhencitizensstoppedcarryinggunsandusingthemascanopeners.Sincethelawwasnolongerneeded,whatoncemadesensenowseemslikenonsense.Sometimeslawsdesignedtoserveagoodpurposewerepassedbutsomehowthesebecamemixedupintheirwording.Asaresult,thelawsdon'tmakesense.Inonestatethereisalawwhichsaysthatitis"illegaltomoveortoattempttomoveamotorvehicle."Obviously,amassivetrafficjamwouldoccurifeveryonesuddenlyobeyedthatlaw.Butnoonedoes,ofcourse,becausetheintentionofthelawwasnot2topreventownersfrommovingtheirowncars.Itwastopreventpeoplefrommoving(stealing)otherpeople'scars.Itisoftenhardertorepealalawthantopassone,somanyoftheseoldlawsremaininexistence.Becausetheynolongerfitthewaypeopleliveorbecausetheproblemnolongerexists,theselawsareignored.Everyoneunderstandsthatandlifegoeson.Thus,lawsthatoncemadeverygoodsense,nowseemlikenonsense.1.Accordingtothepassage,lawsaredesignedforthepurposeof__A__.A.protectingpeople'srightsC.preventinggun-carryingB.makingpeoplerespecteachotherD.punishingcriminals2.Theword"job"inparagraph1refersto___C____.A.workingB.shootingD.disturbingothersC.openingacan3.TheauthorusedtheIndianalawasanexampletoexplain___C___.A.howsomelawsarepassedandchangedB.howpeopleinIndianaopencansC.whysomelawsmayseemstrangeDwhypeopleinIndiananolongerusetheirguns4.What'stheproblemwiththelawconcerningmotorvehicles?A.Itleadstotrafficjams.B.B.Itisnotclearlywritten.C.Itisnotdesignedtoserveagoodpurpose.D.Ithasbeenoutofdate.5.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat____D_____.A.alawsystemisnecessaryforeverysocietyB.somelawsthatdon'tmakesensemayalsogetpassedC.itismoredifficulttochangetheoldlawthanpassanewoneD.somelawsmayseemstrangeastimepassesPassage2Itisover40yearssincefirstatomicbombwasdroppedonamajorcityinJapan.Yetevennowitseffectareshowingthemselvesandmaycontinuetodosoforyearsto3come.Mucheffortandhumanenergyhavebeenusedtotrytopreventsuchterrifyingthingfromhappeningagain.Sofarthereisnoguaranteethatitwillnot.Countrieswhichalreadypossessnuclearknowledgeandresourceshavebombsstoredawaywhicharepowerfulenoughtowipeoutalllifeonearth.Butthisisnotall.Othercountries,whichpreviouslywerenotsoadvancedintechnology,aregraduallybuyingmaterialsthatcanbeusedformakingatomicdevices.Thisnuclearenergywillnaturallybeofgreatvalueinhelpingtheeconomyofpoornations,butitalsomeansthattherearefarmoreopportunitiesforthemanufactureofbombs.Thegenerationofelectricitythroughnuclearpowercamedirectlyfromtheoriginalworkontheatombomb.Becauseoftheincreaseindemandforenergyandthepossibilityofdecreasingsuppliesofoilandnaturalgas,theinterestinelectiricityhasincreased,Oneoftheby-productsofnuclearpowerstationsisplutoniumproducedfromnuclearfuel:plutoniumisingredientinbomb-making.Thisbringstheproblemtoafullcircleagain.Howcansomethingsovaluableandusefulbecontrolledsothatitworksforthebenefitandnotthedestructionofman?6.Inthewritersview,effectsofdroppingthefirstatomicbombD.AarenotoverBmaygoneonforeverDwillnotbeoverinthenearfutureCcouldlastmuchlonger7.ThewritersaysthatenoughatomicbombshavealreadybeenmanufacturedtoD.AwipeoutJapanBlastforeverCactasapeacr-keepingdeviceDdestroyalllivingthings8.ThewriterbelievesthattheadvantageoflessdevelopedcountriesbeingabletomakeatomicdevicesisthatitB.AgivesthemmoreopportunitiesforworkBwillhelppoorcountriestobecomericherCwillenablethemtomakebetterexplosivesDwillbeofgreatvaluetothem9.ThewriterimpliesthatmostpeopletodaydonotrejectnuclearweaponsbecauseC.4AtheyareunimportantBtheythinkthattheirexistencewillpreventcountriesfromgoingtowarCtheyarestoredoutofthewayDtheyhavebecomeaccutomedtothem10.ThesecondparagraphtellsusthattheincreaseddemandforelectricitytodayD.AhasledtothedecreaseinsuppliesofoilBmeansthatmorecountriesareinterestedinnuclearpowerChasincreasedtheriskofaccidentalexplosionsDhasincreasedtheverymeansofproducingmoreatomicbombs五、英譯漢（本大題共6小題，每小題5分，共30評卷人1.Catalystisthechemicalwhichcanbeusedrepeatedlyinareactionwithoutbeingconsumed.催化劑是在反應過程中可重復使用且不會消失的化學物質。2.Adsorptionistheprocessthatmoleculesofagasorliduidadheretothesurfaceofasolid吸附作用是氣體或液體分子粘附到固體表面的過程。3.Impuritiesinwaterwereclassifiedintosuspended,colloidal,ordissolved.污水中的雜質可以劃分為懸浮態(tài)的，膠狀的和溶解的。4.Measuredconcentrationstellusnothingaboutthedangercausedbypollutants,becausethresholdlevels,synergyarealsodetermingfactors.測量的濃度自身并沒有告訴我們污染物造成的危害，因為臨界濃度，協同作用都是決定因素。5.whereverthereissuitablefood,sufficientmoisture,andanappropriatetemperature,micro-organismswillthrive