總統(tǒng)演講稿(4篇)（最新版）編制人：__________________審核人：__________________審批人：__________________編制單位：__________________編制時間：____年____月____日序言下載提醒：該文檔是本店鋪精心編制而成，希望大家下載后，能夠幫助大家處理實際問題。文檔下載后可定制修改，請依照實際需要進行調整和使用，謝謝!而且，本店鋪為大家提供各種類型經典范文，如演講稿、祝福語、主持詞、歡迎詞、自我介紹、協(xié)議協(xié)議、條據書信、匯報總結、工作計劃、作文大全、其余范文等等，想了解不一樣范文格式和寫法，敬請關注!Downloadtips:Thisdocumentiscarefullycompiledbythiseditor.Ihopethatafteryoudownloadit,itcanhelpyousolvepracticalproblems.Thedocumentcanbecustomizedandmodifiedafterdownloading,pleaseadjustanduseitaccordingtoactualneeds,thankyou!Inaddition,thisshopprovidesyouwithvarioustypesofclassicsampleessays,suchasspeechdrafts,blessings,hostspeech,welcomespeech,self-introduction,contractagreement,letterofagreement,reportsummary,workplan,essayencyclopedia,othersampleessays,etc.Wanttoknowtheformatandwritingofdifferentsampleessays,sostaytuned!總統(tǒng)演講稿(4篇)mr.speaker,lordspeaker,primeminister,deputyprimeminister,leaderoftheoppositionanddistinguishedguests:

iamdelightedtobewithyoutoday.

achairde:

táfíor-chaoináthasormbheithanseolibharócáidanchéadcuairtstáitseo.

onthefirstdayofthisstatevisit,ihavebeengraciouslyandwarmlywelcomedbyhermajestyqueenelizabethatwindsorcastle,andihavecometothisplacefromapoignantandupliftingvisittowestminsterabbey.iamgreatlyhonouredtobethefirstpresidentofirelandtoaddressyouinthisdistinguishedpalaceofwestminster.

asaformerparliamentarian,honouredtohavespenttwenty-fiveyearsasamemberofdáiléireann,andafurtherdecadeservinginourupperhouse,seanadéireann,itconstitutesaveryspecialprivilegetobespeakingtodayinaplacethathistoryhasmadesynonymouswiththeprincipleofdemocraticgovernanceandwithrespectforapoliticaldiscoursethatisbothinclusiveandpluralist.

attheveryfoundationofbritishdemocracyis,ofcourse,themagnacartawhichincludesthepowerfulstatement:

“tonoonewillwesell,tonoonewillwedenyordelay,rightorjustice.”

thosebeautifulandstrikingwordshaveechoeddownthecenturiesandremainthebeatingheartofthedemocratictradition.theirresonancewasfeltalmostimmediatelyinirelandthroughthemagnacartahiberniae-aversionoftheoriginalcharterreissuedbytheguardiansoftheyounghenryiiiinnovember1216.

theyarealsowordswhichechowithaparticularsignificancewhenwehaveindeedsorecentlyseentheadverseconsequencesofadiscoursethatregardspolitics,societyandtheeconomyassomehowseparate,eachfromtheother;thisisadivisiveperspectivewhichunderminestheessentialrelationshipbetweenthecitizenandthestate.today,asbothourcountriesworktobuildsustainableeconomiesandhumaneandflourishingsocieties,wewoulddowelltorecallthewordsofthemagnacartaanditschallengetoembraceaconceptofcitizenshiprootedintheprinciplesofactiveparticipation,justiceandfreedom.

suchavisionofcitizenshipissharedbyourtwopeoples.itishere,inthishistoricbuildingthat,overthecenturies,thewillofthebritishpeoplegraduallyfounditsfulldemocraticvoice.itisinspiringtostandinaplacewhere,formorethanacentury,manyhundredsofdedicatedparliamentarians,intheirdifferentways,representedtheinterestsandaspirationsoftheirishpeople.

nextmonthmarksthecentenaryofthepassingofthehomeruleactbythehouseofcommons-alandmarkinoursharedhistory.itwasalsoherethatthevotesofirishnationalistmembersofparliamentin1911wereinstrumentalinthepassageoftheparliamentact,acriticalstepinthedevelopmentofyourparliamentarysystem.

historywasalsomadeherein1918whentheirishelectoratechosethefirstwomantobeelectedtothisparliament-constancemarkiewicz-who,ofcourse,chosenottotakeherwestminsterseatbut,rather,torepresentherconstituentsinourindependentparliament,thefirstdáiléireann.constance’ssister,evagore-booth,whoisburiedinhampstead,hadbeenmaking,andwouldcontinuetomake,herowndistinctivecontributiontohistory-notonlyintheirishnationaliststruggle,butaspartofthesuffragetteandlabourmovementsinbritain.

nearly90yearsearlier,thepassageofthecatholicemancipationactof1829wassecuredbytheleadershipofourgreatirishparliamentarian,danielo’connell.o’connell’snationalismsetnobordertohisconcernforhumanrights;hisadvocacyextendedtocausesandmovementsforjusticearoundtheworld,includingthestruggletoendslavery.hewastotallydedicatedtoseekingfreedom,asheputit:

“attainednotbytheeffusionofhumanbloodbutbytheconstitutionalcombinationofgoodandwisemen.”

whileo’connellmaynothaveachievedthatambitionduringhisownlifetime,itwassuchanidealismthatservedtoguideandinfluence,somanyyearslater,theachievementofthemomentousgoodfridayagreementof1998.thatachievementwasfoundedonthecornerstonesofequality,justiceanddemocraticpartnership,andwasakeymilestoneontheroadtotoday’swarm,deepandenduringirish-britishfriendship.

ourtwocountriescantakeimmenseprideintheprogressofthecauseofpeaceinnorthernireland.butofcoursethereisstillaroadtobetravelled-theroadofalastingandcreativereconciliation-andourtwogovernmentshaveasharedresponsibilitytoencourageandsupportthosewhoneedtocompletethejourneyofmakingpeacepermanentandconstructive,enduring.

mrspeaker,lordspeaker:

istandhereatatimewhentherelationshipbetweenourtwoislandshas,asihavesaid,achievedaclosenessandwarmththatonceseemedunachievable.thepeopleofirelandgreatlycherishthepoliticalindependencethatwassecuredin1922-anindependencewhichwasfoughtforbymyfatherandmanyofhisgeneration.thepainandsacrificeassociatedwiththeadventofirishindependenceinevitablycastitslongshadowacrossourrelations,causingus,inthewordsoftheirishmpstephengwynn,to:

“l(fā)ookateachotherwithdoubtfuleyes.”

weacknowledgethatpastbut,asyouhavesaid,evenmore,wewholeheartedlywelcometheconsiderableachievementoftoday’sreality-themutualrespect,friendshipandcooperationwhichexistsbetweenourtwocountries,ourtwopeoples.thatbenignrealitywasbroughtintosharpreliefbythehistoricvisitofqueenelizabethtoirelandthreeyearsago.hermajesty’svisiteloquentlyexpressedhowfarwehavecomeinunderstandingandrespectingourdifferences,anditdemonstratedthatwecouldnowlookateachotherthroughtrustingeyesofmutualrespectandsharedcommitments.

thetiesbetweenusarenowstrongandresolute.formidableflowsoftradeandinvestmentacrosstheirishseaconfermutualbenefitonourtwocountries.beitintourism,sportorculture,ourpeopletopeopleconnectionshaveneverbeenascloseorabundant.

generationsofirishemigrantshavemadetheirmarkonthedevelopmentofthiscountry.assomeonewhoseownsiblingsmadetheirhomehereattheendofthe1950s,iamveryproudofthelargeirishcommunitythatisrepresentedineverywalkoflifeintheunitedkingdom.thatcommunityisthelivingheartintheevolvingbritish-irishrelationship.igreatlycherishhowtheirishinbritainhavepreservedandnurturedtheircultureandheritagewhile,atthesametime,makingadistinctiveandvaluedcontributiontothedevelopmentofmodernbritain.

mrspeaker,lordspeaker:

asbothourislandsenterperiodsofimportantcentenarieswecanandmust,reflectontheethicalimportanceofrespectingdifferent,butdeeplyinterwoven,narratives.suchreflectionwillofferusanopportunitytocraftabrightfutureontheextensivecommongroundweshareand,wherewedifferinmattersofinterpretation,tohaverespectfulempathyforeachother’sperspectives.

thisyeartheunitedkingdomcommemoratesthefirstworldwar.inirelandtoo,werememberthelargenumberofourcountrymenwhoenteredthebattlefieldsofeurope,nevertoreturnhome.amongstthosewastheirishnationalistmptomkettlewhowrotethat:

“thistragedyofeuropemaybeandmustbetheprologuetothetworeconciliationsofwhichallstatesmenhavedreamed,thereconciliationofprotestantulsterwithireland,andthereconciliationofirelandwithgreatbritain.”

itis,ithink,significantthatkettlerefersto“thistragedyofeurope.”wemustalwaysrememberthatthisbrutalandtragicwarlaidthehandofdeathoneverycountryineurope.

kettlediedasanirishpatriot,abritishsoldierandatrueeuropean.heunderstoodthattobeauthenticallyirishwemustalsoembraceoureuropeanidentity.itisanidentificationweproudlyclaimtoday,anidentificationwesharewiththeunitedkingdom,withwhomwehavesataroundthenegotiatingtableineuropeforover40years.werecognisethatithasbeeninthateuropeancontextofmutualityandinterdependencethatwetookthemostsignificantstepstowardseachother.

mrspeaker,lordspeaker:

ihavebeenstruckbytheimposingcanvasesinthisroom,thesedepictionsofthebattlesoftrafalgarandwaterloo,paintedbytheirishmandanielmaclis.theycalltomindanotherfamouspaintingbythisgreatartistthathangsinthenationalgalleryindublin.itdepictsthe12thcenturymarriageofaoife,daughterofthekingofleinster,tostrongbow,theleaderofthefirstanglo-normanforcetoarriveinireland.thosenuptialstookplaceinthecontextofconflictanddidnotnecessarilybecomeaharbingerofharmony.neitherwastheretobeamarriageofheartsandmindsbetweenourtwoislandsinthefollowingcenturies.

today,however,wehaveafreshcanvasonwhichtosketchoursharedhopesandtoadvanceouroverlappingambitions.whatwenowenjoybetweenirelandandbritainisafriendly,co-operativepartnershipbasedonmutualrespect,reciprocalbenefit,anddeepandindeliblepersonallinksthatbindustogetherinculturalandsocialterms.

inthefinaldaysofhislife,thesoldierandparliamentarian,towhomihavereferred,tomkettledreamedofaneweraoffriendshipbetweenourtwopeoples-“free,wearefreetobeyourfriend”-washowheputitinoneofhispoems.

thejourneythenofoursharedbritish-irishrelationshiptowardsthatfreedomhasprogressedfromthedoubtingeyesofestrangementtothetrustingeyesofpartnershipand,inrecentyears,tothewelcomingeyesoffriendship.

iamconsciousthatiaminthecompanyhereofsomanydistinguishedparliamentarianswhohavemadetheirownindividualcontributionstothejourneywehavetravelledtogether.iacknowledgethemandisalutethem,asiacknowledgeandsaluteallthosewhohaveselflesslyworkedtobuildconcordbetweenourpeoples.icelebrateourwarmfriendshipandilookforwardwithconfidencetoafutureinwhichthatfriendshipcangrowevenmoreresoluteandmoreproductive.

gurfadaaghabhfaidhpobailagusparlaimintíandáoileánseolechéilegosíochánta,goséanmharagussachairdeasbuandlúiteidiréireagusanbhreatain.

longmayourtwopeoplesandtheirparliamentswalktogetherinpeace,prosperityandevercloserfriendshipbetweenirelandandbritain.

mrspeaker,members,thankyouagainforyourkindwelcome.

goraibhmílemaithagaibhgoléir.

奧巴馬總統(tǒng)在白宮復活節(jié)祈禱早餐會英語演講稿20XX總統(tǒng)演講稿（2）

goodmorning,everybody.(applause.)thankyou,thankyou,thankyouverymuch.please,pleasehaveaseat.thankyousomuch.well,goodmorning,everybody.

welcometothewhitehouseandwelcometoourannualeasterprayerbreakfast.asalways,weareblessedtobejoinedbysomanygoodfriendsfromaroundthecountry.we'vegotdistinguishedguests.we'vegotfaithleaders,membersofmyadministrationwhoarehere.andiwillonceagainresistthetemptationtopreachtopreachers.(laughter.)itneverworksoutwell.iamremindedoftheadmonitionfromthebookofromans--“donotclaimtobewiserthanyouare.”(laughter.)sothismorning,iwanttooffersomeverybriefreflectionsaswestartthiseasterseason.

butasiwaspreparingmyremarks,somethingintervenedyesterday.andsoiwanttojustdevoteafewwordsaboutyesterday'stragedyinkansas.thismorningourprayersarewiththepeopleofoverlandpark.andwe'restilllearningthedetails,butthismuchweknow.agunmanopenedfireattwojewishfacilities--acommunitycenterandaretirementhome.innocentpeoplewerekilled.theirfamiliesweredevastated.andthisviolencehasstrucktheheartofthejewishcommunityinkansascity.

twoofthevictims--agrandfatherandhisteenage[grand]son--attendedtheunitedmethodistchurchoftheresurrection,whichisledbyourfriendreverendadamhamilton.someofyoumayknowthatduringmyinauguration,reverendhamiltondeliveredthesermonattheprayerserviceatthenationalcathedral.andiwasgratefulforhispresenceandhiswords.hejoinedusatourbreakfastlastyear.andattheeasterserviceforpalmsundaylastnight,hehadtobreakthisterriblenewstohiscongregation.

thatthisoccurrednow--asjewswerepreparingtocelebratepassover,aschristianswereobservingpalmsunday--makesthistragedyallthemorepainful.andtoday,aspassoverbegins,we'reseeinganumberofsynagoguesandjewishcommunitycenterstakeaddedsecurityprecautions.nobodyshouldhavetoworryabouttheirsecuritywhengatheringwiththeirfellowbelievers.nooneshouldeverhavetofearfortheirsafetywhentheygotopray.

andasagovernment,we'regoingtoprovidewhateverassistanceisneededtosupporttheinvestigation.asamericans,wenotonlyneedtoopenourheartstothefamiliesofthevictims,we'vegottostandunitedagainstthiskindofterribleviolence,whichhasnoplaceinoursociety.andwehavetokeepcomingtogetheracrossfaithstocombattheignoranceandintolerance,includinganti-semitismthatcanleadtohatredandtoviolence,becausewe'reallchildrenofgod.we'reallmadeinhisimage,allworthyofhisloveanddignity.andweseewhathappensaroundtheworldwhenthiskindofreligious-basedortingedviolencecanrearitsuglyhead.it'sgotnoplaceinoursociety.

sothiseasterweek,ofcoursewerecognizethatthere'salotofpainandalotofsinandalotoftragedyinthisworld,butwe'realsooverwhelmedbythegraceofanawesomegod.we'reremindedhowhelovesus,sodeeply,thathegavehisonlybegottensonsothatwemightlivethroughhim.andintheseholydays,werecallallthatjesusenduredforus--thescornofthecrowdsandthepainofthecrucifixion,inourchristianreligioustraditionwecelebratethegloryoftheresurrection--allsothatwemightbeforgivenofoursinsandgrantedeverlastinglife.

andmorethan2,000yearslater,itinspiresusstill.wearedrawntohistimelessteachings,challengedtobeworthyofhissacrifice,toemulateasbestwecanhiseternalexampletoloveoneanotherjustashelovesus.andofcourse,we'realwaysremindedeachandeverydaythatwefallshortofthatexample.andnoneofusarefreefromsin,butwelooktohislifeandstrive,knowingthat“ifweloveoneanother,godlivesinus,andhisloveisperfectedinus.”

i'lltellyou,ifeltthisspiritwhenihadthegreathonorofmeetinghisholiness,popefrancis,recently.ithinkit'sfairtosaythatthoseofusofthechristianfaith,regardlessofourdenomination,havebeentouchedandmovedbypopefrancis.now,someofitishiswords--hismessageofjusticeandinclusion,especiallyforthepoorandtheoutcast.heimploresustoseetheinherentdignityineachhumanbeing.butit'salsohisdeeds,simpleyetprofound--huggingthehomelessman,andwashingthefeetofsomebodywhonormallyordinaryfolkswouldjustpassbyonthestreet.heremindsusthatallofus,nomatterwhatourstation,haveanobligationtoliverighteously,andthatweallhaveanobligationtolivehumbly.becausethat's,infact,theexamplethatweprofesstofollow.

soihadawonderfulconversationwithpopefrancis,mostlyabouttheimperativesofaddressingpovertyandinequality.andiinvitedhimtocometotheunitedstates,andisincerelyhopehewill.whenweexchangedgiftshegavemeacopyofhisinspiringwritings,“thejoyofthegospel.”andthereisapassagethatspeakstoustoday:“christ'sresurrection,”hewrites,“isnotaneventofthepast;itcontainsavitalpowerwhichhaspermeatedthisworld.”andheadds,“jesusdidnotriseinvain.mayweneverremainonthesidelinesofthismarchoflivinghope!”

sothismorning,mymainmessageisjusttosaythankyoutoallofyou,becauseyoudon'tremainonthesidelines.iwanttothankyouforyourministries,foryourgoodworks,forthemarchingyoudoforjusticeanddignityandinclusion,fortheministriesthatallofyouattendtoandhavehelpedorganizethroughoutyourcommunitieseachandeverydaytofeedthehungryandhousethehomelessandeducatechildrenwhosodesperatelyneedaneducation.youhavemadeadifferenceinsomanydifferentways,notonlyhereintheunitedstatesbutoverseasaswell.andthatincludesacauseclosetomyheart,mybrother'skeeper,aninitiativethatwerecentlylaunchedtomakesurethatmoreboysandyoungmenofcolorcanovercometheoddsandachievetheirdreams.

andwe'rejoinedbyseveralfaithleaderswhoaredoingoutstandingworkinthisareamentoringandhelpingyoungmenintoughneighborhoods.we'realsojoinedbysomeoftheseyoungmenwhoareworkinghardandtryingtobegoodstudentsandgoodsonsandgoodcitizens.andiwanttosaytoeachofthoseyoungmenhere,we'reproudofyou,andweexpectalotofyou.andwe'regoingtomakesurethatwe'rethereforyousothatyoutheninturnwillbethereforthenextgenerationofyoungmen.

andimentionallthisbecauseofallofourmanypartnersformybrother'skeeper,it'sclergylikeyouandyourcongregationsthatcanplayaspecialroletobethatspiritualandethicalfoundation,thatrockthatsomanyyoungmenneedintheirlives.

soiwanttothankallofyouwhoarealreadyinvolved.iinvitethosewhoarenottogetmoreinformation,seeifyoucanjoininthiseffortasbrothersandsistersinchristwho“nevertireofdoinggood.”

inclosing,i'lljustrecallthatoldprayerthatithinkmorethanonepreacherhasinvokedatthepulpit:“l(fā)ord,fillmymouthwithworthwhilestuff,andnudgemewheni'vesaidenough.”(laughter.)thealmightyisnudgingme.ithankyouforjoiningusthismorningofprayer.iwishyouallablessedholyweekandeaster,andi'eonup,joel.(applause.)

南非前總統(tǒng)曼德拉勵志英語演講稿（雙語）20XX總統(tǒng)演講稿（3）

下面是xx本店鋪為你精心編輯整理南非前總統(tǒng)曼德拉勵志英語演講稿，希望對你有所幫助!

iampreparedtodieforanideal

為理想我愿獻出生命

february11,1990

1990年2月11日

ihavefoughtagainstwhitedomination,andihavefoughtagainstblackdomination.ihavecherishedtheidealofademocraticandfreesocietyinwhichallpersonslivetogetherinharmonywithequalopportunities.itisanidealwhichihopetoliveforandtoseerealized.butifneedsbe,itisanidealforwhichiampreparedtodie.

我反對白人統(tǒng)治，也反對黑人統(tǒng)治。我珍視民主和自由社會理想，在這個社會中，人人和睦相處，機會均等。我希望為這個理想而生，并希望能實現(xiàn)這個理想。不過假如需要，為理想我愿獻出生命。

myfriends,comrades,andfellowsouthafricans:igreetyouallinthenameofpeace,democracy,andfreedomforall.istandherebeforeyounotasaprophetbutasahumbleservantofyou,thepeople.yourtirelessandheroicsacrificeshavemadeitpossibleformetobeheretoday.ithereforehaveplacedtheremainingyearsofmylifeinyour,iextendmysincereandwarmestgratitudetothemillionsofmycompatriotsandthoseineverycorneroftheglobewhohavecampaignedtirelesslyformyrelease.iextendspecialgreetingstothepeopleofcapetown,thecitythroughwhich—whichhasbeenmyhomeforthreedecades.yourmassmarchesandotherformsofstrugglehaveservedasaconstantsourceofstrengthtoallpolitical.ithasfulfilledoureveryexpectationinitsroleasleaderofthegreatmarchto,comradeolivertambo,forleadingtheancevenunderthemostdifficultcircumstances.

我朋友們、同志們和南非同胞們：我以和平、民主和全人類自由名義，向你們大家致意。今天我站在你們面前，不是作為一名預言家，而是作為人民謙卑公仆。你們不懈奮斗和英勇犧牲才使我今天有可能站在這里，所以，我要把余生獻給你們。在我獲釋今天，我要向千百萬同胞，向世界各地為我獲釋作出過不懈努力人們，致以真誠、最熱烈感激。我要尤其感激開普敦人民，我以開普敦為家住了30年。你們大規(guī)模游行示威和其余形式斗爭一直是全部政治犯們力量源泉。我向非國大會議致敬。作為一個領導我們奔向自由政黨，它實現(xiàn)了我們對它全部期望。我向我們主席——奧利弗·坦博同志致敬，他在最艱難環(huán)境下領導著非國大。

isalutetherank?and?filemembersoftheanc:youhavesacrificedlifeandlimbinthepursuitofthenoblecauseofour,likesolomonmahlanguandashleykriel,whohavepaidtheultimatepriceforthefreedomofallsouthafricans.isalutethesouthafricancommunistpartyforitssterlingcontributiontothestrugglefordemocracy.youhavesurvived40yearsofunrelentingpersecution.thememoryofgreatcommunistslikemoseskotane,yusufdadoo,bramfischer,andmosesmabhidawillbecherishedforgenerationstocome.isalutegeneralsecretaryjoeslovo,oneofourfinestpatriots.weareheartenedbythefactthatthealliancebetweenourselvesandthepartyremainsasstrongasit—italways,thenationaleducationcrisiscommittee,thesouthafricanyouthcongress,thetransvaalandnatalindiancongresses,andcosatu,andthemanyotherformationsofthemassdemocraticmovement.ialsosalutetheblacksashandthenationalunionofsouthafricanstudents.wenotewithpridethatyouhavelooked—thatyouhaveactedastheconscienceofwhitesouthafrica.evenduringthedarkestdaysinthehistoryofourstruggleyouheldtheflagoflibertyhigh.thelarge?scalemassmobilizationofthepastfewyearsisoneofthekeyfactorswhichledtotheopeningofthefinalchapterofour—yourorganizedstrengthistheprideofourmovement.youremainthemostdependableforceinthestruggletoendexploitationandoppression.

我向非國大普通黨員們致敬：你們在爭取自由偉大事業(yè)中赴湯蹈火英勇獻身。我向“民族之矛”戰(zhàn)士們——如所羅門·馬赫蘭古和艾希莉·柯瑞爾——致敬，他們?yōu)榱巳w南非人自由而流盡了最終一滴血。我向南非共產黨致敬，它為南非民主斗爭作出了非凡貢獻。你們經受了40年無情迫害而堅持了下來。南非世世代代人民都將思念摩西·科達恩、余素夫·達都、布萊姆·費舍爾以及摩西·馬西達等偉大共產主義者。我向秘書長喬·斯洛沃致敬，他是我們最出色愛國者之一。一個鼓舞人心事實是，我們和共產黨聯(lián)盟依然一如既往地堅不可摧。我向統(tǒng)一民主陣線、國民教育危機處理委員會、南非青年會、德蘭士瓦省及納塔爾印度人大會、南非貿易聯(lián)合會以及其余各種形式群眾民主運動組織致敬。我還要向“黑肩帶”婦女協(xié)會以及南非學生國民聯(lián)合會致敬。我們驕傲地看到你們言行代表了南非白人良知。即便在我們斗爭史上最黑暗歲月里，你們也高舉著民主自由大旗。過去幾年里，大規(guī)模群眾動員是揭開我們斗爭最終篇章主要原因之一。我要向我們國家勞動階級致敬。你們團結起來力量是我們爭取自由運動驕傲。你們依然是我們反剝削反壓迫斗爭中最可依賴力量。

ipaytribute—ipaytributetothemanyreligiouscommunitieswhocarriedthecampaignforjusticeforwardwhentheorganizationsofourpeopleweresilenced.igreetthetraditionalleadersofourcountry—manyamongyoucontinuetowalkinthefootstepsofgreatheroeslikehintsaand,you,theyounglions.you,theyounglions,haveenergizedourentirestruggle.ipaytributetothemothersandwivesandsistersofournation.youaretherock?hardfoundationofourstruggle.apartheidhasinflictedmorepainonyouthanonanyone,wethanktheworld—wethanktheworldcommunityfortheirgreatcontributiontotheanti?apartheidstruggle.withoutyoursupportourstrugglewouldnothavereachedthisadvancedstage.thesacrificeofthefrontlinestateswillberememberedbysouthafricans,blackandwhite,recognizethatapartheidhasnofuture.ithastobeendedbyourowndecisivemassactioninordertobuildpeaceandsecurity.

我向眾多宗教團體致敬，在我們組織被壓制得鴉雀無聲時，他們挺身而出，展開爭取正義運動。我向我國過去領導者們致敬，你們中很多人繼續(xù)沿著亨薩、瑟庫庫內等偉大英雄們足跡前進。我向年輕英雄主義者們致敬，你們是年輕雄獅。你們——年輕雄獅們，給我們整個斗爭中注入了活力。我向我們國家里母親們、妻子們、姐妹們致敬。你們是我們進行斗爭堅強基石。種族隔離烙在你們身心上傷痕比任何人都多。在這個時刻，我們感激世界——我們感激世界這個大團體在反對種族隔離斗爭中所作出偉大貢獻。沒有你們支持，我們斗爭不會抵達這個新階段。那些走在斗爭前列國家所付出犧牲將會被南非人民永遠銘記。假如不向我深愛妻子和家人表示深深感激，那么我致敬將是殘缺不全。在我漫長而孤獨鐵窗生涯中，他們給了我力量。我相信你們經受痛苦和苦難遠遠超出了我自己。在我深入演講之前，我愿意說明我觀點，就是在當前階段，我只打算對一些問題做初步評論。等到我有機會和我同志們深入切磋之后，我將發(fā)表一個愈加全方面申明。今天，不論是黑人還是白人，大多數(shù)南非人都已認識到種族隔離制度已經走到盡頭。我們必須果敢地采取我們自己群眾運動來確保國家和平與安全。

lionsarehomelessandunemployed.oureconomy—oureconomyliesinruinsandourpeopleareembroiledinpoliticalstrife.ourresorttothearmedstrugglein1960withtheformationofthemilitarywingoftheanc,umkhontowesizwe,wasapurelydefensiveactionagainsttheviolenceofapartheid.thefactorswhichnecessitatedthearmedstrugglestillexisttoday.wehavenooptionbuttocontinue.weexpressthehopethataclimateconducivetoanegotiatedsettlementwillbecreatedsoonsothattheremaynolongerbetheneedforthearmed,strategies,and,ifeelduty?boundtomakethepointthataleaderofthemovementisapersonwhohasbeendemocraticallyelectedatanationalconference.thisisaprinciplewhichmustbeupheldwithoutany,iwishtoreporttoyouthatmytalkswiththegovernmenthavebeenaimedatnormalizingthepoliticalsituationinthecountry.wehavenotasyetbegundiscussingthebasicdemandsofthestruggle.iwishtostressthatimyselfhaveatnotimeenteredintonegotiationsaboutthefutureofourcountryexcepttoinsistonameetingbetweentheancandthehasgonefurtherthananyothernationalistpresidentintakingrealstepstonormalizethesituation.however,therearefurthersteps,asoutlinedinthehararedeclaration,thathavetobemetbeforenegotiationsonthebasicdemandsofourpeoplecanbegin.ireiterateourcallfor,interalia,theimmediateendingofthestateofemergencyandthefreeingofall,andnotonlysome,politicalprisoners.onlysuchanormalizedsituation,whichallowsforfreepoliticalactivity,canallowustoconsultourpeopleinordertoobtainamandate.thepeopleneedtobeconsultedonwhowillnegotiateandonthecontentofsuchnegotiations.negotiationscannottakeplace—negotiationscannottakeplaceabovetheheadsorbehindthebacksofourpeople.itisourbeliefthatthefutureofourcountrycanonlybedeterminedbyabodywhichisdemocraticallyelectedonanon?racialbasis.negotiationsonthedismantlingofapartheidwillhavetoaddresstheoverwhelmingdemandsofourpeopleforademocratic,non?racialandunitarysouthafrica.theremustbeanendtowhitemonopolyonpoliticalpowerandafundamentalrestructuringofourpoliticalandeconomicsystemstoensurethattheinequalitiesofapartheidareaddressedandoursocietythoroughly,webaseourpolicyandstrategyontheharshrealitywearefacedwith.andthisrealityisthatwearestillsuff