Unit4NaturalDisastersListeningandSpeaking&ReadingandThinking—LanguagePoints

Ⅰ.根據(jù)語境及漢語提示寫出正確的單詞或短語

Step1Prepareforthelesson（1）natural_________(災(zāi)害)（2）_________(干旱)region（3）______(滑下)down（4）______(涌入)in（5）volcanic_________(噴發(fā))（6）_________(救援)workers（7）do_________(損害)to（8）__________(破壞)theenvironment（9）___________(疏散)thetrapped（10）sentencesb.to_____(死亡)disastersdroughtslideflooderuptionrescuedamagedestroy

evacuatedeath（11）______(影響)one’slife（12）_______(庇護(hù))thehomeless（13）in______(廢墟)（14）100_________(百分比)（15）a______(磚)wall（16）______(金屬)

processing（17）culture________(震動，沖擊)（18）_______(電的)vehicle（19）arat_______(陷阱)（20）be________(埋葬；沉迷于)inaffectshelterruins

percentbrickmetalshockelectrictrapburied（21）_______(呼吸)in/out（22）______(復(fù)活)economy（23）makeevery______(努力)to（24）_____(統(tǒng)一)differences（25）a_____(英明的)leader（26）inthis________(上下文)（27）______(遭受)frombreathereviveeffortunifywisecontextsufferⅡ.選詞填空asif,inruins,inshock,betrappedin,beburiedin,makeefforts,breathein,sufferfro,…percentof…,cometoanend,（1）Thebuildinglay________afterthebigfire.（2）Theboy______________theflood.Pleasecall119atonce.（3）Takeadeepbreathandyouwill__________freshair.（4）Over55___________thevillagershaveleftthevillage.（5）Hestaredatme_______hewasjudgingmysoul.（6）Wemust____________tosavethefamousscientist.（7）Howtimeflies!Theyearhas_____________.（8）Newton____________thoughtanddidn’tnoticewhathadhappened.（9）Shewidenedhereyes,lookingattheanimal_________.（10）Jack_________________seriousheadacheandcouldn’tattendtoschool.inruinswastrappedinbreatheinpercentofasifmakeeffortscometoanendwasburiedininshockwassufferingfromStep2WarmingUp—Haveadictationaboutwordsandexpressions.Step3Learnsomeimportantlanguagepointsbythewayofexplaining,studyingandpractising.1.rescuen.&vt.營救；救援Thelifeboatwassentouttorescuethesailorsfromthesinkingship.派出了救生艇去營救沉船上的船員。Hewenttotherescueofadrowningchildregardlessofhispersonalsafety.他為了搶救落水兒童，把個人安危置之度外。KeyWordsandExpressionsrescueworkers救援工人rescueoperation救援行動rescuevehicle救援車輛rescuemission救援任務(wù)rescuesb.救人gotoone'srescue去救某人cometoone'srescue來救某人perform/makearescue進(jìn)行營救【即學(xué)活用】（1）語法填空①Ididn‘tbecomeaseriousclimberuntilthefifthgrade,whenIwentupto________(救援)akitethatwasstuckinthebranchesofatree.②Lotsof_____________(救援人員)wereworkingaroundtheclock,sendingsuppliestoYushu,QinghaiProvinceaftertheearthquake.③Itwaswiththehelpofthelocalguidethatthemountainclimberwasr_______.（2）翻譯：堅持一會兒，我會去救你。_____________________________________.rescuerescueworkersescuedHoldonamomentandIwillgotoyourrescue2.damagevt.損害；破壞n.損壞；損失Theaccidentcausedsomedamagetomycar,butit’snothingserious.我的車在事故中受損，但沒什么大不了的。Onceenvironmentaldamageisdone,ittakesmanyyearsfortheecosystem（生態(tài)系統(tǒng)）torecover.一旦生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的破壞已經(jīng)形成，生態(tài)系統(tǒng)需要許多年才能恢復(fù)。Iftheheavyrainlastedtoolong,itcoulddamagethehouse.如果大雨持續(xù)太長，會損毀房子的。Theoldmachinehasbeendamagedbeyondrepair. 這臺舊機(jī)器已經(jīng)毀掉，沒法維修了?！炯磳W(xué)活用】①Theretiredmandonatedmostofhissavingstotheschool___________bytheearthquakeinYushu,enablingthestudentstoreturntotheirclassrooms.②Toomuchsunlightwillburnalltheflowers,_________theroses.③Whenthefruitsareeaten,theseedsinsidethemgo___________(不受破壞的)throughanimals’stomachs.用damage的正確形式填空。damagingdamagedundamaged3.survivevi.生存；存活vt.

幸存；艱難度過NicholasmightnothavesurvivedthissnowstormhaditnotbeenforTV.如果不是那個電視節(jié)目，尼古拉斯或許就不會在暴風(fēng)雪中活下來了。Shesurvivedbecauseofaplentifulsupplyoffreshwater.因?yàn)橛凶銐虻牡梢燥嬘茫盍讼聛?。Determiningwhereweareinrelationtooursurroundingsremainsanessentialskillforoursurvival.根據(jù)周圍環(huán)境確定我們的位置仍然是我們生存的基本技能。Wehaveeveryreasontobeconcernedaboutthehealthofsurvivors.我們有充分的理由對幸存者的健康表示關(guān)切?！炯磳W(xué)活用】①Dogshaveaverygoodsenseofsmellandareoftenusedtosearchfor_________inanearthquake.②Competitioncanalsoteachushowto________inafast-pacedandstressfulworld.③TheCaliforniacondors’average_______timeinthewildisnowjustundereightyears.④Thedoghadinitiallybeenknockedunconscious(失去知覺的)buthad_________bydrinkingwaterfromafreshstreamatthebaseofthecliff.用survive的正確形式填空。survivorssurvivesurvivalsurvived4.affectvt.影響；（疾?。┣忠u；深深打動；使感染（疾?。㏕echnologicalchangeiseverywhereandaffectseveryaspectoflife.科技發(fā)展無處不在，影響生活的方方面面。Lightfromstreetlampsandhomesisaffectingthebirds'biologicalclocks.來自街燈和家庭的燈光影響著鳥類的生物鐘。Whatcountrieshavebeenmost

affected

by

covid-19？哪些國家新冠肺炎感染最厲害？effectn.影響，效果，作用effectiveadj.有效的，生效的effectiveadv.有效地，生效地haveeffecton對……有影響=haveinfluence/impactonWhileonlineshoppinghaschangedourlife,notallofitseffectshavebeenpositive.盡管網(wǎng)絡(luò)購物改變了我們的生活，但并非只有積極影響。Thechangesinourpopulationwillhavelastingeffectsonoursocialdevelopmentandourwayoflife.人口結(jié)構(gòu)的改變會對我們社會的發(fā)展和我們的生活方式有持續(xù)的影響。It’stimethecentralgovernmenttotakesomeeffectivemeasurestobringhousepricesundercontrol.

中央政府是時候采取有效措施去控制房價了。Ordinarysoap,usedcorrectly,candealwithbacteriaeffectively.普通肥皂，如果使用正確的話，可以有效地去除細(xì)菌?！炯磳W(xué)活用】①We______deeply__________herdeath.她的去世對我們的影響很大。②Oneofthe_________waystobuildvocabularyistoreadgoodbooks.③Familyenvironment___________theshapingofchildren’scharacters.④Regardlessofyourchoiceofcourse,you’lldevelopyourlanguageabilitybothquicklyand_________.⑤Neglectingpersonalhygiene(衛(wèi)生)isacommonside_______ofdepression.用affect的正確形式填空。wereaffectedbyeffectivehasaneffectoneffectivelybeaffectedby被……影響引申：sideeffect副作用effect5.asif似乎；好像；仿佛（=asthough)asif意為“仿佛；好像”，可以引導(dǎo)表語從句，也可以引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句。①asif引導(dǎo)表語從句，主句中的系動詞常用look，appear，seem，sound等。Darkcloudsaregathering.Itlooksasif/asthoughit’sgoingtorain.烏云密布，看起來好像要下雨了。Itseemsasifourteamisgoingtowin．看來我們隊要勝了。②asif/asthough引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句。Irememberthewholethingasifithappenedyesterday.我記得整件事情，就好像它發(fā)生在昨天一樣。Hebehavedasifnothinghadhappened.他表現(xiàn)得若無其事。1.asif還可用于省略句中如果asif引導(dǎo)的從句是“主語＋系動詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，可省略主語和系動詞，這樣asif后就只剩下名詞、不定式、形容詞（短語）、介詞短語或分詞。

Heactsasif（hewas）afool．他做事像個傻子。

Shelefttheroomhurriedlyasif（shewas）angry．她匆忙離開房間好像生氣的樣子。2.asif從句用虛擬語氣：當(dāng)說話人認(rèn)為句子所述的是不真實(shí)的、不可能發(fā)生時Hetalksasifheknewwhereshewas．他說話的樣子，好像他知道她在哪里似的。HetalksaboutRomeasifhehadbeentherebefore．他說起羅馬來好像他以前去過羅馬似的。Heopenedhismouthasifhewouldsaysomething．他張開嘴好像要說什么。1.Hemessedtheprojectup,buthebehaved_____nothinghadhappened.2.ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow.WhyareyoutalkingtomeasifI__________(do)it.

3.Itseemsasifthey__________(care)aboutHenry’sfeelings.4.YoucanbrushwiththeKolibreeasif_______(guide)byadentist.5.湯姆舉起手好像要說什么。Tomraisedhishandsasif____________________(say)something．【即學(xué)活用】asifhaddonedidn’tcareguided（hewasgoing）tosay6.Atleastonewellhadsomesmellygascomingoutofit.單個的現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，常放在被修飾詞之前。arunningboyanembarrassingposition現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語，常放在被修飾詞之后，基本上相當(dāng)于一個定語從句。Theybuiltahighwayleadingintothemountains.=Theybuiltahighwaywhichleadsintothemountains.他們修建了一條通往山里的公路。Wemetagroupofpupilsreturningfromschool.=Wemetagroupofpupilswho/thatreturnedfromschool.我們碰到了一群從學(xué)?；貋淼暮⒆印Ｗ⒁猓耗承┈F(xiàn)在分詞作定語時，已不再表示動作，變成了形容詞詞性。如：interesting,exciting,shocking,embarrassing,puzzling等。這時，現(xiàn)在分詞短語就不能轉(zhuǎn)化為定語從句。aninterestingbook一本有趣的書ashockingfact一個令人震驚的事實(shí)thepuzzlingsituaton令人困惑的情形【即學(xué)活用】①Thereisanotepinnedtothedoor________(say)whenthesopwillopenagain.②Lastnight,thereweremillionsofpeople________(watch)thepartyliveonTV.③Attheageof29,Davewasaworker,_____inasmallapartmentnearBostonand______whattodoabouthisfuture.A.living;wondering B.lived;wonderingC.lived;wondered D.living;wonderedsayingwatching√④Thewildflowerslookedlikeasoftorangeblanket_____thedesert.A.covering

B.covered

C.cover

D.tocover⑤Atthebeginningofclass,thenoiseofdesks____couldbeheardoutsidetheclassroom.A.openedandclosed B.tobeopenedandclosedC.beingopenedandclosed D.toopenandclose√√7.Miceranoutofthefieldslookingforplacestohide,and…現(xiàn)在分詞lookingforplacestohide作伴隨狀語。現(xiàn)在分詞短語作時間狀語：Comingbacktohishome,hefoundeverythinghadchanged.回到家中，他發(fā)現(xiàn)一切都變了樣。現(xiàn)在分詞短語作原因狀語：Beingill,hedidn’tgotoworkyesterday.昨天，由于生病了，他沒有去上班。注意：現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時，表示